An oropharyngeal ventilation device with self-contained sputum suction function

Abstract

The present invention relates to an oropharyngeal ventilation device with a suction function, comprising: a first ventilation valve, used to detect a first pressure value in a pipeline when connected and fit it into a pressure curve, and the fluctuation range of the pressure curve when there is no sputum is used as the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value; a second ventilation valve and a processor, used to issue a periodic connection instruction when the first pressure value exceeds the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value, so that the second ventilation valve can be connected to suction sputum, and the first pressure value is triggered to update when the processor issues a periodic connection instruction. The present invention aims at the problem that suctioning sputum on time easily causes damage to the patient's airway mucosa and increases the probability of lung reinfection. By measuring the air pressure in the first ventilation valve, it is determined whether one end of the suction tube connected to the first ventilation valve is blocked by foreign matter or tracheal wall according to the change in air pressure, and then it is determined whether suctioning is needed, thereby achieving the purpose of suctioning sputum on demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to an oropharyngeal ventilation device with a sputum suction function. Background Art

[0002] Liang Juan mentioned in "Analysis of complications of suctioning in ICU patients with artificial airway and comparative study of the effects of different suction depths" that in recent years, with the continuous development of critical care medicine, the nursing management of artificial airways has received more and more attention in clinical practice. Many critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) need to establish an artificial airway to maintain airway patency. The establishment of an artificial airway can ensure smooth ventilation for critically ill patients. Safe and effective suctioning of sputum in the artificial airway is one of the important measures to ensure and maintain the stability of the patient's vital signs. How to achieve safe and effective suctioning and reduce various complications caused by suction has always been a hot topic of research. The artificial airway is a catheter inserted into the trachea through the mouth / nose or tracheotomy site to establish an unobstructed gas exchange channel, improve ventilation function, and thus correct the body's hypoxia.

[0003] There are two types of suction methods: open suction and closed suction. Both methods are commonly used in clinical practice and are suitable for different patients. In a relatively open environment, directly inserting the suction tube into the patient's mouth or nasal cavity is an open suction method. This method uses negative pressure to suck out sputum, and it needs to be done offline during the suction process. Even a brief separation from the ventilator can cause a momentary decrease in lung volume and alveolar collapse in patients with low lung compliance. During the suction process, the patient's heart rate will increase and even induce arrhythmia. At the same time, open suction can easily cause sputum spraying, and the contamination rate is relatively high.

[0004] Subirana, M etc. pointed out in "Closed tracheal suction systems versus open tracheal suction systems for mechanically ventilated adult patients" that the artificial airway and ventilator tubes are connected into a closed system. The method of suctioning sputum using this system is called closed suction. The suction process is carried out in a relatively closed environment and does not require stopping mechanical ventilation. This allows the pressure of the artificial airway to remain stable during the suction process, and has little effect on lung compliance, lung ventilation function, blood oxygen saturation and hemodynamics. The American Association for Respiratory Care recommends the use of closed suction when suctioning sputum for mechanically ventilated patients. Studies have shown that compared with open suction, closed suction can reduce the incidence of VAP, improve the hypoxic environment during suction, and effectively reduce the incidence of hypoxemia. In addition, Liu G etc. conducted a Meta-analysis of the two sputum suction methods in "Clinical Analysis of Sputum Suction UnderDirect Laryngoscope Rescue Neonatal Moderately Severe Asphyxia" and found that there was no significant difference between closed sputum suction and open sputum suction in reducing VAP, and it could not significantly reduce the mortality rate and hospitalization time of VAP. Despite this, the advantages of closed sputum suction are still very prominent. Patients who use closed sputum suction can stay on the ventilator every time they suction sputum, maintain positive end-expiratory pressure ventilation, avoid a sharp drop in lung volume, and prevent excessive changes in blood oxygen content in the lungs and ventilator dysfunction. In "Comparison of the effects of closed sputum suction and open sputum suction in patients with mechanical ventilation", Zhang Jianying et al. selected airway secretions of patients at different time periods before and after treatment for bacterial culture and found that the positive rate of bacterial culture of sputum specimens in the closed sputum suction group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the patient's heart rate and blood oxygen saturation monitoring indicators were also significantly different from those in the control group, indicating that closed sputum suction is better than open sputum suction for patients with mechanical ventilation. On the other hand, it can effectively protect medical workers from bacterial exposure. Avoiding cross-infection is also a major clinical challenge. The closed suction method can significantly reduce the exposure of operators and equipment to contaminated secretions and greatly reduce cross-infection in the intensive care unit.

[0005] Zhang Xiaoyan et al. published a paper titled "Comparison of endotracheal intubation suction on time and on demand" in Clinical Research. It is mentioned that after endotracheal intubation, if the sputum cannot be sucked out in time, it is very easy to cause symptoms such as atelectasis, lung infection and obstructive pneumonia. Severe cases may even cause suffocation and death of the patient. Therefore, in clinical practice, patients with endotracheal intubation must be given corresponding suction treatment. The traditional on-time suction scheme can facilitate nursing staff to record and manage suction for multiple suction patients, ensure the proceduralization of work processes, and thus improve work efficiency and quality. However, there are obvious differences between each endotracheal intubation patient due to different conditions, and there are obvious differences in the time and amount of sputum production. Some patients need to suction again within less than 1 hour after suctioning, while some patients only need suction once every 4 to 5 hours. Repeated suctioning without sputum in the patient will cause the negative pressure of the suction device itself to damage the patient's airway mucosa, affect the swinging effect of the mucociliary blanket, and increase the chance of lung reinfection. Suctioning on demand refers to suctioning the patient when he has sputum. On the one hand, it can promptly solve the functional pulmonary ventilation disorder caused by the patient's poor airway, and on the other hand, it can effectively ensure that the sputum can be sucked out at any time. At the same time, due to the presence of sputum, the negative pressure of the suction device itself has little effect on the airway mucociliary blanket. The corresponding chance of lung reinfection is also very low. This requires the majority of nursing staff to closely observe the actual situation of the patient. Suctioning on demand can help patients remove the endotracheal tube as soon as possible and reduce the incidence of pulmonary complications. Suctioning on demand can also effectively reduce the clinical nursing risks of intubated patients, effectively ensure the patient's airway is unobstructed, and keep the mucosa in good condition, which plays a very important role in improving the patient's prognosis and quality of life.

[0006] In the prior art, a patent document with publication number CN208641473U proposes an oropharyngeal airway, including an oropharyngeal airway body with a pharyngeal end and an oral end, the oral end extending perpendicularly to the outer side of the oropharyngeal airway body to form a wing, an oxygen supply pipe integrally formed therewith is provided on the outer side of the oropharyngeal airway body, the portion of the oxygen supply pipe extending out of the wing is an oxygen supply interface, a sputum suction pipe integrally formed therewith is provided inside the oropharyngeal airway body, the portion of the sputum suction pipe extending out of the oral end is the sputum suction interface, the sputum inlet of the sputum suction pipe and the air outlet of the oxygen supply pipe are both arranged above the pharyngeal end, a soft pad for protecting teeth is provided on the outer surface of the oropharyngeal airway body near the oral end, the pharyngeal end is provided with a chamfered corner, the sputum suction interface is connected to a sputum suction tube, the sputum suction tube is connected to a T-shaped tube, a ball core with a through hole is provided in a branch pipe of the T-shaped tube communicating with the outside, a motor is installed on the outer side of the branch pipe, the motor is connected to the ball core for controlling the rotation of the ball core. This device is a timed suction device with a suction cycle. Studies have found that when repeated suction is performed on patients without sputum, the negative pressure of the suction device itself will cause damage to the patient's airway mucosa, affect the swinging effect of the mucociliary blanket, and increase the chance of lung reinfection. This device cannot determine whether the patient has a need for suction and automatically suction, so it can only operate in a timed suction mode.

[0007] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the inventor studied a large number of documents and patents when making the present invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents are listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not have the characteristics of these prior arts. On the contrary, the present invention already has all the characteristics of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background technology. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the shortcomings of the devices proposed in the prior art, the present application proposes an oropharyngeal ventilation device with a built-in sputum suction function, wherein the first ventilation valve is used to periodically open to connect the negative pressure connecting tube and the sputum suction tube and detect the first pressure value in the pipeline when connected, and then fit the first pressure value in the pipeline during the detection into a pressure curve, and use the fluctuation range of the maximum and minimum values ​​of the pressure curve when there is no sputum as the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value; the second ventilation valve is used to receive a periodic connection instruction to connect the negative pressure connecting tube and the sputum suction tube to absorb sputum; the processor is used to open the first ventilation valve when the first pressure value exceeds the initial pressure value. A periodic connection instruction is issued when the pressure value fluctuates within the prone range, and the processor can send a periodic connection instruction to the second ventilation valve to connect the negative pressure connecting tube to the suction tube to suction sputum, wherein the first pressure value of the first ventilation valve is updated based on a first condition trigger, and the first condition is that the processor issues a periodic connection instruction, and the update is to update the first pressure value to the actual pressure value at this time, wherein one side of the first ventilation valve is connected to the negative pressure connecting tube, and the other side is connected to the suction tube, one side of the second ventilation valve is connected to the negative pressure connecting tube, and the other side is connected to the suction tube, and the processor data is connected to the second ventilation valve.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the opening of the first ventilation valve when opened is smaller than the opening of the second ventilation valve when opened. For ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) patients, the present invention creatively combines prone position ventilation PPV (Prone Position Ventilation), and by reasonably setting the opening and closing angle of the ventilation valve, effectively adapts to different ventilation postures, especially to PPV, and can adaptively improve the oxygenation function of the lungs, so that the inhaled oxygen concentration and the positive end-expiratory pressure level are reduced.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the opening size of the second ventilation valve when opened is smaller than the opening sizes of the negative pressure connecting pipe and the sputum suction pipe, and the first ventilation valve is arranged between the negative pressure connecting pipe and the sputum suction pipe.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the processor can detect the pressure of the first vent valve after the execution of the periodic connection instruction is completed, and determine whether the detected pressure of the first vent valve is restored to an initial value to update the first pressure value of the first vent valve.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the processor determines that there is no sputum when the first pressure value of the first ventilation valve is within the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value, and stops issuing the periodic connection instruction; and determines that there is sputum when the first pressure value of the first ventilation valve is not within the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value, and continues to issue the periodic connection instruction to continue to absorb the sputum.

[0013] Preferably, it is unreasonable to perform suction operation on patients according to a fixed time frequency. Studies have pointed out that the respiratory rate of patients is different when they are sleeping, especially for patients of different age groups or with special diseases (such as the ARDS mentioned above) or patients randomly choose or deliberately choose the lying posture according to their condition (such as prone ventilation posture PPV, lateral ventilation posture LPV or supine ventilation posture SPV). The fixed time suction will not be able to adapt to the patient's changing respiratory rate, but will cause the patient's breathing disorder, and seriously aggravate the patient's hypoxia. The artificial design of the suction plan according to the patient's condition is very labor-intensive. The labor cost required for one-to-one individual design for different patients is very large, which is not suitable for promotion. Moreover, the patient often changes over time and the state exceeds the design expectation, which makes the preset suction plan unusable. Based on this, this solution creatively utilizes the method of detecting the patient's EEG signal and the EEG signal parameters related to the patient's breathing and body position to obtain the patient's current state in real time, such as obtaining the patient's age information and degree of wakefulness by using simple EEG features, that is, it can timely and accurately adjust the suction parameters such as the frequency and intensity of suction according to the patient's current breathing characteristics, and automatically adjust the suction parameters according to the different stages of the patient's full wakefulness, pre-sleep fuzzy state, shallow sleep, deep sleep, and about to wake up, so that at least the frequency and intensity of the suction process always achieve the best natural coordination according to the patient's breathing state, and will not cause the patient's breathing disorder, resulting in the patient's inability to fall asleep, sudden awakening, deep sleep turning into shallow sleep, and feeling uncomfortable. Especially for patients with ARDS or patients with different lying ventilation positions, it is possible to simultaneously detect breathing-related EEG signals, and adaptively and accurately adjust the suction parameters according to the patient's special breathing rhythm at different stages (for example, it can be various stages between sleeping and waking up), which can strictly prevent the problem of reduced blood oxygen saturation of patients due to extremely weak breathing of ARDS patients.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the first ventilation valve is connected to an air pressure sensor, and the air pressure sensor is arranged at the opening of the first ventilation valve.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, a seal is provided at the connection between the negative pressure connecting tube and the sputum suction tube, and the seal can maintain the airtightness between the negative pressure connecting tube and the inside of the sputum suction tube by covering the gap.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the end of the suction tube away from the first ventilation valve is connected to an oropharyngeal airway, and the oropharyngeal airway is provided with a pharyngeal bend, wherein the pharyngeal bend includes an inner tube for connecting the suction tube to generate suction and an outer tube for connecting the external environment with the patient's airway.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the outer tube is larger than the diameter of the inner tube, and the inner tube is placed inside the outer tube so that the outer tube can connect the external environment with the patient's airway, while the inner tube placed in the outer tube can be connected to the suction tube to generate suction.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the curvature of the pharyngeal curvature near the inner end of the patient's mouth when in use is adapted to the anatomical curvature of the mouth, tongue, and posterior pharynx.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the device is provided with a wing for preventing the patient from swallowing and the medical staff from inserting too deeply, and the first end of the inner tube is connected to the first end of the outer tube through the first side of the wing.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, a sputum suction tube is detachably connected to the second side of the flange, and the sputum suction tube is connected to the first end of the inner tube.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, no less than two fixing columns are provided on the second side of the flange, and the height of the fixing columns is less than the height of the sputum suction tube.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment, the first end of the outer tube passes through the flange and an opening is provided on the second side of the flange to connect the external environment with the patient's airway.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment, a negative pressure joint is provided at one end of the suction tube away from the flange, and the negative pressure joint is adapted to the negative pressure connecting tube so that the suction tube can be connected to negative pressure through the negative pressure joint to generate suction in an inner tube connected to the suction tube.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, an isolation valve is provided on the negative pressure connector, and the isolation valve can block the negative pressure connector by pressing, thereby cutting off the connection between the negative pressure connecting pipe and the negative pressure.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the second end of the outer tube forms an angle greater than 0° with the plane where the second end of the inner tube is located, so that the second end of the outer tube has a larger cross section than when it forms an angle of 0° with the plane where the second end of the inner tube is located.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment, the device is provided with a tooth pad portion, and the width of the occlusal portion of the tooth pad portion in contact with the patient's teeth is not less than the width of two teeth, so that the tooth occlusal pressure can be distributed to at least two teeth in contact and the pressure on a single tooth can be reduced.

[0027] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0028] First: by using a first ventilation valve with a small aperture to connect the negative pressure connecting tube, and then measuring the air pressure in the first ventilation valve, it is determined whether there is a foreign object blocking one end of the suction tube connected to the first ventilation valve according to the change in air pressure. When it is determined that there is a foreign object blocking, the processor opens the second ventilation valve with a larger aperture to connect the negative pressure connecting tube and the suction tube to perform suction operation, and then the pressure at the first ventilation valve is measured. According to the measurement result and the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value when there is no sputum, it is analyzed whether there is sputum or whether it is blocked by the tracheal wall, and then it is determined whether to perform suction operation. This judgment method realizes suction on demand, avoids damage to the patient's airway mucosa, and avoids the influence of the swinging effect of the mucociliary blanket, reducing the chance of lung reinfection.

[0029] Second: By setting up inner and outer tubes at the pharyngeal bend, it is possible to connect the external environment with the patient's airway during endotracheal intubation and ventilation, while the inner tube can be connected to the negative pressure connecting tube to generate suction to clean the patient's oral secretions, reducing the chance of infection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the existing oropharyngeal airway;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the existing sputum suction tube;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the use state of an oropharyngeal ventilation device with a sputum suction function according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a simplified overall structural schematic diagram of a connecting piece of an oropharyngeal ventilation device with a sputum suction function according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 The present invention is a simplified overall structural diagram of the oropharyngeal airway of an oropharyngeal ventilation device with a sputum suction function.

[0035] Reference numerals list

[0036] 100: pharyngeal bend; 110: inner tube; 120: outer tube; 200: flange; 210: fixing column; 300: suction tube; 310: negative pressure connector; 311: isolation valve; 400: tooth pad; 500: first ventilation valve; 600: second ventilation valve; 700: negative pressure connecting tube; 800: connector; 810: sealing member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1 The figure shows the overall structure of the existing oropharyngeal airway, which is a hard flat tube made of elastic rubber or plastic, an artificial airway, and is curved, and the curvature is similar to that of the tongue and soft palate.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the existing suction tube, which is made of medical polymer materials, consists of a catheter and a joint, and is divided into six specifications according to different tube diameters, namely F6, F8, F10, F12, F14, and F16.

[0040] like Figure 3-4As shown, the present invention is provided with a connector 800, which includes a first vent valve 500, a second vent valve 600, and a sealing member 810. The first vent valve 500 is used to open periodically to connect the negative pressure connecting tube 700 and the sputum suction tube 300 and detect the first pressure value in the pipeline when connected, and then fit the first pressure value in the pipeline during detection into a pressure curve, and use the fluctuation range of the maximum and minimum values ​​of the pressure curve when there is no sputum as the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value. The first vent valve 500 is connected to an air pressure sensor, and the air pressure sensor is arranged at the opening of the first vent valve 500. Preferably, the data of the first vent valve 500 can be connected to a processor, and the processor can time, and the timing time can be preset to 3 seconds, and the processor controls the first vent valve 500 to open once every 3 seconds. Since repeated suction of sputum is performed when the patient has no sputum, the negative pressure of the sputum suction device itself may damage the patient's airway mucosa, affect the swinging action of the mucociliary blanket, and increase the probability of lung reinfection. Therefore, it is closed immediately after opening, so that the air pressure sensor connected to the second vent valve 600 only measures the internal air pressure at the opening of the first vent valve 500 during the time when the valve is open. Preferably, since the first vent valve 500 will inevitably cause the device to fail once the first vent valve 500 fails, two first vent valves 500 may be provided, both of which are in the open state, and it is more accurate to jointly determine based on the air pressure of the two first vent valves 500 in the open state. For example, after the air pressure sensors in the two first vent valves 500 send the air pressure data to the processor, the processor can compare the air pressure data of the two first vent valves 500. If there is a significant difference, such as exceeding 1kpa, the processor can issue an alarm prompt. The two first vent valves 500 are arranged at the two ends of one inner diameter of the second vent valve 600, and the two first vent valves 500 do not affect the opening and closing of the second vent valve 600. The first vent valve 500 is arranged on the first side surface of the connector 800 between the negative pressure connecting tube 700 and the sputum suction tube 300. The first side surface of the connector 800 is provided with a rotating plate, and the first vent valve 500 is arranged on the rotating plate. The rotating plate is connected to a power supply and can rotate on the surface of the connector 800 with the second vent valve 600 as the center. A first vent valve 500 is arranged on the second side surface of the connector 800. Therefore, when the first side of the connector 800 overlaps with the first vent valve 500 on the second side surface, the negative pressure connecting tube 700 and the sputum suction tube 300 are connected. The connection period of the negative pressure connecting tube 700 and the sputum suction tube 300 can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the rotating plate. For example, the rotation speed can be adjusted to 1 / 6r·s -1 , the negative pressure connecting tube 700 and the sputum suction tube 300 can be connected once every 3 seconds. Since the rotating piece is in a rotating state, it can be ensured to be closed immediately after the connection is completed, so that the air pressure sensor connected to the second ventilation valve 600 can measure the internal air pressure at the opening of the first ventilation valve 500 during the time when the valve is open.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment, the second vent valve 600 is used to receive a periodic connection instruction to open and connect the negative pressure connecting tube 700 and the sputum suction tube 300 for sputum suction. The processor is used to issue a periodic connection instruction when the first pressure value at the first vent valve 500 exceeds the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value. The processor can send a periodic connection instruction to the second vent valve 600 to connect the negative pressure connecting tube 700 and the sputum suction tube 300 for sputum suction, wherein the first pressure value of the first vent valve 500 is updated based on a first condition trigger, the first condition is that the processor issues a periodic connection instruction, and the update is to update the first pressure value to the actual pressure value at this time, wherein the first vent valve 500 is connected to the negative pressure connecting tube 700 on one side and the sputum suction tube 300 on the other side, the second vent valve 600 is connected to the negative pressure connecting tube 700 on one side and the sputum suction tube 300 on the other side, and the processor data is connected to the second vent valve 600. Preferably, the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value is the fluctuation range of the pressure at the opening of the first vent valve 500 when the sputum suction tube is placed in the patient's body, the patient is in a prone position, and there is no sputum around one end of the sputum suction tube placed in the patient's body. The periodic connection instruction can be turned on for 3 seconds or turned on for 5 seconds and then turned off. The specific predetermined time can be determined according to the actual situation of the patient. If the patient's sputum viscosity is high or there is a lot of sputum, a higher value can be set, such as 8 seconds or 10 seconds. If the patient has little sputum or low viscosity, a lower value can be set, such as 3 seconds or 5 seconds.

[0042] According to a preferred embodiment, since the connection of the first vent valve 500 always connects the negative pressure to the patient's airway, the gas flow in the pipeline will also affect the patient's breathing condition. It is particularly important to control the pressure of the suction tube during the suction operation. If the pressure is too low, it is difficult to completely suction the sputum, and the effect is not good. If the pressure is too high, it may cause tracheospasm, damage the airway mucosa and cause bleeding. The present invention aims to design a device that can complete on-demand suction. The different ages and different states of the patient will cause changes in the respiratory frequency and the pressure of the breathing. If the same set of pressure and timing settings are used, and the patient's state is constantly changing, it will cause the patient's breathing disorder to a certain extent, and even aggravate the patient's hypoxia. The respiratory frequency of the human body when it is awake or asleep is different. For example, the respiratory frequency of an adult in a sleeping state is usually about 12 to 20 times per minute, but the breathing frequency of children is faster than that of adults, and the breathing frequency may reach about 20 to 30 times per minute. The breathing frequency of a newborn baby may reach 40 to 44 times per minute. Adults breathe 16 to 20 times per minute when awake, while children breathe faster than adults, breathing 20 to 30 times per minute, and newborns breathe 44 times per minute. In addition to the different breathing rates between age groups and awake and asleep states, the breathing rate also increases when the temperature rises. When the body temperature rises by 1°C, the breathing rate will increase by 2 to 3 times per minute. For children, the number of breathing will increase more when the body temperature increases by one degree, usually more than 3 times. If you have heart disease or respiratory disease, the breathing rate will increase more when the body temperature rises.

[0043] Some patients who need suctioning suffer from Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), and incorrect suctioning can aggravate ARDS. Piehl's research found that prone position ventilation (PPV) is effective in patients with respiratory failure. In the following 10 years, animal experiments and clinical trials have continuously proved the superiority of prone position ventilation. In 50% to 70% of ARDS patients, PPV can significantly improve the oxygenation function of the lungs and reduce the concentration of inspired oxygen and the level of positive end-expiratory pressure. Prone ventilation reduces the pressure of the heart on the lungs. In the supine position, the weight of the heart directly presses the lungs vertically toward the dorsal chest wall, restricting the ventilation and blood flow of the lung tissue in this area. The prone position may help relieve local lung pressure. Therefore, when patients need to be treated in the prone position, their respiratory pressure is less than that in the supine position.

[0044] Based on the above problems, brain waves can be detected to determine whether the patient is in the first state. Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, led a study in the journal eLife and found that EEG measurements can determine whether a person is awake or in a deep sleep or anesthesia. These new findings show that there is a simple feature in the static electricity of the human brain. If this simple electrical signal is measured, researchers can accurately determine what state of consciousness a person is experiencing - dreaming, fully awake, anesthetized or deep sleep. Therefore, this embodiment includes a brain wave detection module for detecting the patient's brain waves and judging whether the patient is in the first state or the second state according to the wavy stripes; an electromyographic signal detection module, which is arranged on the patient's chest or back, and is used to generate a voltage signal when the chest or back fluctuates and amplify the signal to obtain a breathing signal; a temperature detection module, which is used to detect the patient's body temperature; when the brain wave detection module determines that the patient is in the first state, the processor reads the body temperature data, and when the body temperature data read by the processor is lower than the body temperature threshold, the processor groups the breathing frequency detected by the electromyographic signal detection module according to the preset normal breathing frequency of the first state, and adjusts the suction force of the negative pressure to the corresponding pressure according to the grouping result, and then adjusts the periodic opening frequency of the first ventilation valve 500 to be consistent with the breathing frequency of the breathing signal; wherein, the grouping can be divided into an infant group, a child group, and an adult group. Preferably, the first state can be a sleeping state, and the second state can be a waking state. When the body temperature data read by the processor is higher than the body temperature threshold, the processor calculates the increased respiratory frequency based on the measured body temperature data and the rule that the respiratory frequency increases at least once for every 1°C above the threshold, and groups the respiratory frequency detected by the electromyography signal detection module minus the increased respiratory frequency according to the preset normal respiratory frequency of the first state, and adjusts the suction of the negative pressure to the corresponding suction according to the grouping result, and then adjusts the periodic opening frequency of the first ventilation valve 500 to be consistent with the respiratory frequency of the respiratory signal; when the electroencephalogram detection module determines that the patient is in the second state, the processor reads the body temperature data, and when the body temperature data read by the processor is lower than the body temperature threshold, the processor subtracts the respiratory frequency detected by the electromyography signal detection module from the increased respiratory frequency according to the preset normal respiratory frequency of the second state. The data are grouped and the suction of the negative pressure is adjusted to the corresponding suction according to the grouping, and then the periodic opening frequency of the first ventilation valve 500 is adjusted to be consistent with the breathing frequency of the breathing signal; when the body temperature data read by the processor is higher than the body temperature threshold, the processor calculates the increased breathing frequency according to the measured body temperature data and the rule of increasing the breathing frequency at least once for every 1°C above the threshold, and the processor groups the breathing frequency detected by the electromyography signal detection module minus the increased breathing frequency according to the normal breathing frequency of the preset second state, and adjusts the suction of the negative pressure to the corresponding suction according to the grouping result, and then the periodic opening frequency of the first ventilation valve 500 is adjusted to be consistent with the breathing frequency of the breathing signal; preferably, the breathing frequency can be increased three times for every 1°C above the threshold for the body temperature data.Since the brain waves in the second state are low-amplitude fast waves, more than 13 times per second, they are also called beta waves. When you close your eyes when you are awake and don't think about anything, the brain waves at this time are slightly higher and slower than when you open your eyes, 8 to 12 times per second, which is a wave. When the a wave in the brain wave gradually disappears, some irregular wave patterns appear and are mixed with some waves with very small amplitudes. This is the wave pattern of the first stage of sleep, which is the state of sleepiness at ordinary times. The length of time varies from person to person. The shallow sleep period is the second stage of sleep. The biggest feature of the EEG in this stage is that a so-called spindle wave will appear from time to time in the slow wave, with a frequency of 12 to 14HZ, and the amplitude increases from small to large, and then decreases from large to small, in the shape of a spindle. When the sleep is deeper, that is, entering the third stage of sleep, the EEG is significantly slower than the second stage, with an average frequency of 4 to 7HZ and a larger amplitude, which is a delta wave. The deepest stage of sleep is the fourth stage, at which delta waves account for more than 50%, with occasional small waves mixed in. The third and fourth stages are collectively called slow wave sleep because the brain waves are very slow, and they are also called deep sleep because the sleep is very deep. Preferably, when the brain wave stripes are a waves and beta waves, the brain wave detection module determines it as the second state, and when the brain wave stripes are delta, the brain wave detection module determines it as the first state. Preferably, the body temperature threshold can be set to 37.2°C. The normal breathing rate of the preset first state is: 12 to 20 times per minute for adults, 20 to 30 times per minute for children, and 40 to 44 times per minute for infants. The normal breathing rate of the preset second state is: 16 to 20 times per minute for adults, 20 to 30 times per minute for children, and more than 44 times per minute for infants. Preferably, the suction negative pressure of adults is 300 to 400 mmHg (40.0-53.3 kPa), and that of children and infants is less than 300 mmHg (40.0 kPa).

[0045] For example, when the patient is in the second state, the measured body temperature data is 39.2°C, then the calculation formula for the increased respiratory frequency is (measured body temperature data - body temperature threshold) × 3, then when the body temperature data is 39.2°C, the increased respiratory frequency is (39.2°C-37.2°C) × 3 = 6, if the respiratory frequency detected by the electromyographic signal detection module is 24 at this time, then the respiratory frequency 24 detected by the electromyographic signal detection module is subtracted from the increased respiratory frequency 6 to obtain a respiratory frequency of 18, at this time, the respiratory frequency of 18 is divided into the adult group according to the preset normal respiratory frequency of the second state, which means that the patient is an adult, and the negative pressure is adjusted to 300-400 mmHg (40.0-53.3 kPa), and the periodic opening frequency of the first ventilation valve 500 is kept consistent with the respiratory frequency of 24 times per minute detected by the electromyographic signal detection module, that is, the first ventilation valve 500 can be opened once every 2.5 seconds. Based on the above regulation of suction frequency, the opening and closing of the first ventilation valve 500 can be made corresponding to the patient's breathing frequency, which can effectively reduce the impact of negative pressure connection on the patient's breathing frequency, especially when the patient is in an extremely weak state. Respiratory disorders will aggravate the patient's hypoxia, causing the patient's blood oxygen saturation to decrease, and even cause irreparable damage to the body. The present invention periodically connects the first ventilation valve 500 to detect sputum, and uses extremely small suction to reduce the impact of air pressure on the patient's respiratory tract. It can identify whether the patient is in the first state. In the first state, due to the reduced breathing frequency, the first ventilation valve 500 can also reduce the opening frequency in a targeted manner to reduce the impact on the patient, and can guarantee the patient's sleep quality to a certain extent, so that critically ill patients can get enough rest and improve the self-healing speed. For patients with sleep apnea, since the pharyngeal curvature connects the patient's mouth and airway, it avoids hypoxia caused by upper airway closure when the patient falls asleep. Regular suction detection can enable the patient to suction on demand, reducing unnecessary suction operation damage to the patient's airway. Especially for critically ill patients, small wounds may also aggravate the infection and then aggravate the condition. Suctioning on demand can reduce damage, relieve the patient's pain, and improve the patient's recovery effect.

[0046] According to a preferred embodiment, the opening of the first ventilation valve 500 when opened is smaller than the opening of the second ventilation valve 600 when opened. Preferably, the aperture of the opening of the first ventilation valve 500 when opened can be set to 2 mm to reduce the impact on the patient's breathing.

[0047] According to a preferred embodiment, the opening size of the second ventilation valve 600 when opened is smaller than the opening size of the negative pressure connecting tube 700 and the sputum suction tube 300, so that the opening of the second ventilation valve 600 can be completely placed in the negative pressure connecting tube 700 and the sputum suction tube 300, thereby ensuring the overall air tightness.

[0048] According to a preferred embodiment, the processor can issue an instruction to detect the pressure of the first ventilation valve 500 after the execution of the periodic connection instruction is completed, so as to update the first pressure value of the first ventilation valve 500. If the pressure value still exceeds the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value at this time, it means that the end of the suction tube placed in the patient's body may touch the inner wall of the patient's trachea, causing the pressure to increase, or there may be sputum around the end of the suction tube placed in the patient's body that has not been completely sucked out.

[0049] According to a preferred embodiment, the processor determines that there is no sputum when the first pressure value of the first vent valve 500 is within the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value, and stops issuing the periodic connection instruction at this time. When the first pressure value of the first vent valve 500 is not within the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value, it is determined that there is sputum, and continues to issue the periodic connection instruction at this time, so that the second vent valve 600 is opened to suction sputum. At this time, the pressure disappears due to the sputum around one end of the suction tube placed in the patient's body, so if the pressure returns to the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value, there is no need to suction sputum. If it does not return to the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value, continue to issue the periodic connection instruction to open the second vent valve 600 to suction sputum, because at this time, it may be because one end of the suction tube placed in the patient's body may touch the inner wall of the patient's trachea, causing the pressure to increase, and it is also possible that there is sputum around one end of the suction tube placed in the patient's body that has not been sucked clean. At this time, suctioning again will inevitably cause the amount of sputum at one end of the suction tube placed in the patient's body to change, thereby causing pressure changes. If pressure changes occur, it means that it is caused by sputum, so the second ventilation valve 600 is repeatedly connected to perform sputum suction operation within the prone fluctuation range that has not recovered to the initial pressure value. If there is no pressure change, it means that the end of the suction tube placed in the patient's body may touch the inner wall of the patient's trachea, causing the pressure to increase, and the processor stops issuing periodic connection instructions.

[0050] According to a preferred embodiment, a seal 810 is provided at the connection between the negative pressure connecting tube 700 and the sputum suction tube 300, and the seal can maintain the airtightness inside the negative pressure connecting tube 700 and the sputum suction tube 300 by covering the gap. Preferably, the seal can be a sealing ring or an adhesive tape.

[0051] According to a preferred embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, one end of the suction tube 300 away from the first ventilation valve 500 is connected to an oropharyngeal airway, and the oropharyngeal airway is provided with a pharyngeal bend 100, wherein the pharyngeal bend includes an inner tube 110 for connecting the suction tube 300 to generate suction and an outer tube 120 for connecting the external environment with the patient's airway.

[0052] According to a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the outer tube 120 is larger than that of the inner tube 110, and the inner tube 110 is placed inside the outer tube 120 so that the outer tube 120 can connect the external environment with the patient's airway. At the same time, the inner tube 110 placed in the outer tube 120 can be connected to the suction tube 300 to generate suction.

[0053] According to a preferred embodiment, the curvature of the pharyngeal curvature 100 near the inner end of the patient's mouth when in use is adapted to the anatomical curvature of the mouth, tongue, and posterior pharynx.

[0054] According to a preferred embodiment, the device is provided with a flange 200 for preventing the patient from swallowing and the medical staff from inserting too deeply, and the first end of the inner tube 110 is connected to the first end of the outer tube 120 through the first side of the flange 200 .

[0055] According to a preferred embodiment, a sputum suction tube 300 is provided on the second side of the flange 200 , and the sputum suction tube 300 is connected to the first end of the inner tube 110 .

[0056] According to a preferred embodiment, at least two fixing columns 210 are provided on the second side of the flange 200, and the height of the fixing columns 210 is less than the height of the sputum suction tube 300. When in use, a bandage can be wrapped around the fixing columns 210, and then the bandage can be bound to the human brain to achieve the fixing effect of the device.

[0057] According to a preferred embodiment, the first end of the outer tube 120 passes through the flange 200 and is provided with an opening on the second side of the flange 200 to connect the external environment with the patient's airway. Preferably, the opening is about 3 cm higher than the second side of the flange 200.

[0058] According to a preferred embodiment, a negative pressure joint 310 is provided at one end of the suction tube 300 away from the flange 200, and the negative pressure joint 310 is adapted to the negative pressure connecting pipe, so that the suction tube 300 can be connected to the negative pressure through the negative pressure joint 310 to generate suction in the inner tube 110 connected to the suction tube 300. Preferably, the length of the suction tube 300 should be selected to be 4 to 5 cm longer than the tracheal tube, and it is appropriate to penetrate 1 to 2 cm below the tracheal tube. The thickness of the suction tube 300 is also very important. If it is too thin, the viscous sputum is not easy to be sucked out. If it is too thick, it is not suitable to insert the tracheal tube and it may cause hypoxia during suction. It is appropriate to select 1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the tracheal tube or slightly less than 1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the artificial airway. Generally, the maximum outer diameter that can smoothly insert the tracheal tube is appropriate. Preferably, the sputum suction tube 300 can extend from the second end of the inner tube 110 and can be inserted through the oral cavity to a depth of about 5 to 6 cm deeper than that through the nasal cavity, thereby absorbing sputum deep in the patient's airway.

[0059] According to a preferred embodiment, an isolation valve 311 is provided on the negative pressure connector 310, and the isolation valve 311 can block the negative pressure connector 310 by pressing, thereby cutting off the connection between the negative pressure connecting pipe and the negative pressure.

[0060] According to a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the second end of the outer tube 120 forms an angle greater than 0 degrees with the plane where the second end of the inner tube 110 is located, so that the second end of the outer tube 120 has a larger cross section than when it forms an angle of 0 degrees with the plane where the second end of the inner tube 110 is located. Preferably, the cross section of the second end of the outer tube 120 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the plane where the second end of the inner tube 110 is located, and at this time, the second end of the outer tube 120 has a larger cross section than when it forms an angle of 0 degrees with the plane where the second end of the inner tube 110 is located. The maximum cross-sectional area is achieved without increasing the tube diameter, which is beneficial to the gas exchange between the patient's airway and the external environment.

[0061] According to a preferred embodiment, in view of the fact that epileptic patients often bite their tongues during an attack, the device is provided with a tooth pad 400, and the width of the bite portion of the tooth pad 400 in contact with the patient's teeth is not less than the width of two teeth, so that the tooth bite pressure can be distributed to the contacted teeth and not less than two teeth, thereby reducing the pressure of a single tooth. This can not only maintain the patient's airway patency, but also prevent epileptic patients from biting their tongues during an attack.

[0062] During actual use, the suction tube is first inserted through the first end of the inner tube. The patient's oral secretions can be cleaned first. Then, for those with impaired consciousness, clenched jaws, convulsions, and agitation, the jaws can be pried open with an opener, and the tongue depressor is inserted from the white teeth to the tongue. The oropharyngeal ventilation device is quickly inserted with the concave surface downward toward the throat, so that the front end is fixed in the upper pharynx behind the root of the tongue. The patient can also be placed in a supine position with the head tilted to one side. An appropriate model is selected according to the patient's age, and the pharyngeal curved part is inserted into the oral cavity toward the palate. When its inner opening is close to the posterior wall of the oropharynx (it has passed the uvula), it is rotated 180° and pushed downward when the patient inhales. The bottom of the curved part presses the root of the tongue and is placed behind the root of the tongue. The top of the curved part presses against the posterior wall of the oropharynx, and finally the suction operation is performed.

[0063] It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also belong to the disclosure scope of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention description and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation of the claims. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An oropharyngeal ventilation device with a sputum suction function, characterized in that: include: A first ventilation valve (500) is used to periodically open to connect the negative pressure connecting tube (700) and the sputum suction tube (300) and detect a first pressure value in the pipeline when connected, and then fit the first pressure value in the pipeline during detection into a pressure curve, and use the fluctuation range of the maximum value and the minimum value of the pressure curve when there is no sputum as the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value; The second ventilation valve (600) is used to receive a periodic connection instruction to connect the negative pressure connecting tube (700) and the sputum suction tube (300) to suck sputum; A processor, configured to issue a periodic connection instruction when a first pressure value at the first ventilation valve (500) exceeds the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value, the processor being capable of sending a periodic connection instruction to the second ventilation valve (600) so as to connect the negative pressure connecting tube (700) to the sputum suction tube (300) for sputum suction, wherein the first pressure value of the first ventilation valve (500) is updated based on a first condition trigger, the first condition being that the processor issues a periodic connection instruction, the updating being that the first pressure value is updated to the actual pressure value at that time, wherein, One side of the first ventilation valve (500) is connected to the negative pressure connecting tube (700) and the other side is connected to the sputum suction tube (300); one side of the second ventilation valve (600) is connected to the negative pressure connecting tube (700) and the other side is connected to the sputum suction tube (300); the processor data is connected to the second ventilation valve (600); and The EEG detection module is used to detect the patient's brain waves and use the EEG signal parameters related to the patient's breathing and body position to obtain the patient's current state in real time. Among them, the processor adjusts the frequency and intensity parameters of suction according to the patient's current breathing characteristics, so as to automatically adjust the suction parameters according to the different stages of the patient's full wakefulness, fuzzy state before sleep, light sleep, deep sleep, and about to wake up, so that the frequency and intensity of the suction process are always naturally coordinated with the patient's breathing status.

2. The oropharyngeal ventilation device with self-contained sputum suction function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the first vent valve (500) when opened is smaller than the opening of the second vent valve (600) when opened.

3. The oropharyngeal ventilation device with self-contained sputum suction function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The opening size of the second ventilation valve (600) when opened is smaller than the opening size of the negative pressure connecting tube (700) and the sputum suction tube (300), and the first ventilation valve (500) is arranged between the negative pressure connecting tube (700) and the sputum suction tube (300).

4. The oropharyngeal ventilation device with self-contained sputum suction function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The processor is capable of issuing an instruction to detect the pressure of the first ventilation valve (500) after the execution of the periodic connection instruction is completed, so as to update the first pressure value of the first ventilation valve (500).

5. The oropharyngeal ventilation device with self-contained sputum suction function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The processor determines that there is no sputum when the first pressure value of the first ventilation valve (500) is within the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value, and stops issuing the periodic connection instruction. When the first pressure value of the first ventilation valve (500) is not within the prone fluctuation range of the initial pressure value, the processor determines that there is sputum and issues the periodic connection instruction again to absorb the sputum again.

6. The oropharyngeal ventilation device with self-contained sputum suction function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first ventilation valve (500) is connected to an air pressure sensor, the air pressure sensor data is connected to the processor and is capable of receiving an instruction from the processor to detect the pressure of the first ventilation valve (500), and the air pressure sensor is arranged at the opening of the first ventilation valve (500).

7. The oropharyngeal ventilation device with self-contained sputum suction function according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing member (810) is provided at the connection between the negative pressure connecting tube (700) and the sputum suction tube (300), and the sealing member (810) can maintain the airtightness of the negative pressure connecting tube (700) and the inside of the sputum suction tube (300) by covering the gap.

8. The oropharyngeal ventilation device with self-contained sputum suction function according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the suction tube (300) away from the first ventilation valve (500) is connected to an oropharyngeal airway, and the oropharyngeal airway is provided with a pharyngeal bend (100), wherein the pharyngeal bend (100) includes an inner tube (110) for connecting the suction tube (300) to generate suction and an outer tube (120) for connecting the external environment with the patient's airway.

9. The oropharyngeal ventilation device with self-contained sputum suction function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The diameter of the outer tube (120) is greater than the diameter of the inner tube (110), and the inner tube (110) is placed inside the outer tube (120) so that the outer tube (120) can connect the external environment with the patient's airway, and the inner tube (110) placed in the outer tube (120) can be connected to the sputum suction tube (300) to generate suction.

10. The oropharyngeal ventilation device with self-contained sputum suction function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The curvature of the pharyngeal curvature (100) close to the inner end of the patient's mouth when in use is adapted to the anatomical curvature of the mouth, tongue, and posterior pharynx.

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