An impact-proof speed reducer

Abstract

The present invention discloses an impact-proof speed reducer, which relates to the technical field of speed reducers. It includes a housing, on which an input source is provided. The input source is fixedly connected to a worm input shaft. The worm input shaft is connected to an output shaft through a speed reduction and buffering mechanism. The speed reduction and buffering mechanism is arranged inside the housing. The worm input shaft is also connected to an axial buffering component, and the axial buffering component is arranged on the housing. A radial buffering component is also arranged on the housing, and the radial buffering component is connected to the axial buffering component at the same time. The worm input shaft is divided into two parts, including an input rod connected to the input source and a worm arranged inside the housing. The input rod and the worm are connected through the axial buffering component. The position where the input rod is connected to the worm does not completely fit, and there is a gap in the middle. The present invention can change the protection mode of the speed reducer according to different magnitudes of impact forces received at the input end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of speed reducers, and particularly to an impact-proof speed reducer. Background Art

[0002] A speed reducer is an independent component composed of gear transmission, worm transmission, and gear-worm transmission enclosed in a rigid housing, and is commonly used as a speed reduction transmission device between a prime mover and a working machine. It plays a role in matching speeds and transmitting torques between the prime mover and the working machine or actuator, and is widely used in modern machinery. When the speed reducer is working, the motor at the input end will inevitably be subjected to impact forces. At this time, the impact forces will affect the speed reduction mechanism inside the speed reducer through the input end. Over time, it will cause damage to the speed reducer and affect its service life. Therefore, an impact-proof speed reducer is needed.

[0003] In the existing related technologies, a Chinese invention patent application with the publication (announcement) number of CN109915563A discloses a disc-type overload protection impact-proof speed reducer. The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: It includes a box body, a worm wheel, an output shaft, and a worm. The input end of the worm is provided with a hollow shaft cavity. The outer circumference of the hollow shaft cavity is supported on the box body by bearings. The outer end of an input shaft is supported on the box body by bearings. The inner end of the input shaft is coaxially rotationally supported in the hollow shaft cavity by a bushing or bearings. Multiple parallel copper friction plates are connected through splines on the inner wall of the hollow shaft cavity. Multiple parallel steel friction plates are connected through splines on the input shaft. The copper friction plates and the copper friction plates are alternately and closely arranged in sequence. A pressure regulating nut threaded on the input shaft is screwed into the opening of the hollow shaft cavity. A disc spring is pressed between the inner end of the pressure regulating nut and the outermost steel friction plate or copper friction plate. This device realizes the protection against the impact force of the speed reducer, but this device cannot automatically adjust the protection method according to different impact forces. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an impact-proof speed reducer, which includes a housing. An input source is provided on the housing and is connected to a worm input shaft. The worm input shaft is connected to an output shaft through a speed reduction and buffering mechanism. The speed reduction and buffering mechanism is arranged inside the housing. The worm input shaft is also connected to an axial buffering component, and the axial buffering component is arranged on the housing. The speed reduction and buffering mechanism includes a worm input shaft connected to the input source. The worm input shaft is rotatably arranged on a connecting carriage. The connecting carriage is arranged along the axial direction of the worm input shaft and is slidably arranged inside the housing through a first return spring. The worm is also engaged with a worm gear. The worm gear is rotatably arranged on the connecting carriage. A first transmission gear is arranged on one side of the worm gear. The first transmission gear is simultaneously engaged with a second transmission gear. The second transmission gear is rotatably arranged inside the housing. The second transmission gear is simultaneously engaged with a third transmission gear. The third transmission gear is arranged on the output shaft. The output shaft is rotatably arranged on the housing. A first synchronous pulley is arranged on the other side of the worm gear. The first synchronous pulley is connected to a second synchronous pulley through a synchronous belt. The second synchronous pulley is arranged on the output shaft. The synchronous belt is simultaneously engaged with a transmission wheel and a support wheel assembly. The transmission wheel is rotatably arranged inside the housing. There are two groups of support wheel assemblies, which are respectively arranged on both sides below the transmission wheel.

[0005] Further, the tooth number ratio between the first transmission gear and the third transmission gear is equal to the tooth number ratio between the first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley.

[0006] Further, the support wheel assembly includes a support wheel and a support seat. The support wheel is in contact and cooperation with the synchronous belt. The support wheel is slidably arranged on the support seat through a tension spring. The support seat is arranged on the inner wall of the housing.

[0007] Further, the worm input shaft is divided into two parts, including an input rod connected to the input source and a worm arranged inside the housing. The input rod and the worm are connected through an axial buffering component. The position where the input rod is connected to the worm is not completely fitted, and there is a gap in the middle.

[0008] Further, the axial buffering component includes a first trigger rod fixedly arranged at one end on the input source. The other end of the first trigger rod is set as an inclined surface and is in contact and cooperation with the inclined surface at the lower end of a top rod. The upper end of the top rod is connected to one end of a limiting rod. The limiting rod is slidably arranged on the housing through a second return spring. The other end of the limiting rod is in contact and cooperation with a contact plate. The contact plate is arranged at one end of a displacement sliding rod. The displacement sliding rod is slidably arranged on the housing through a compression spring. The other end of the displacement sliding rod is connected to the upper end of a rotating cylinder connecting plate. A rotating cylinder is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the rotating cylinder connecting plate. The rotating cylinder simultaneously sleeves the outside of the input rod and the worm. A connecting key is arranged at the position where the input rod and the worm are connected, and the connecting key is slidably engaged with the key chute inside the rotating cylinder.

[0009] Further, a radial buffering component is also arranged on the housing, and the radial buffering component is connected to the axial buffering component.

[0010] Furthermore, two sets of the radial buffer components are provided and are respectively arranged on both sides of the input source.

[0011] Furthermore, the radial buffer component includes a radial impact plate arranged at one end of the impact connecting rod. The impact connecting rod is slidably arranged outside the machine housing through a buffer spring. The other end of the impact connecting rod is connected to a buffer pad. One side of the impact connecting rod located at the buffer pad is provided with one end of a second trigger rod. The other end of the second trigger rod is provided with an inclined surface and is in contact and cooperation with the inclined surface on the top block. The top block is arranged on the upper side of the connected end of the limiting rod and the ejector rod.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: The present invention can change the protection mode for the speed reducer according to different magnitudes of impact forces received at the input end. When the impact force is relatively small, the input rod moves to offset the impact force; when the impact force is medium, to protect the input shaft and internal components, the speed reduction method inside the speed reducer is changed, and the gear transmission is changed to belt transmission; when the impact force is relatively large, through the movement of the input source, the axial buffer component is triggered to cut off the transmission and avoid damage to the speed reducer caused by a large impact force. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention Figure 1 。

[0014] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the machine housing of the present invention Figure 1 。

[0015] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the machine housing of the present invention Figure 2 。

[0016] Figure 4 is Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in

[0017] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention Figure 2 。

[0018] Figure 6 is Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at B in

[0019] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention Figure 3 。

[0020] Figure 8 is Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at C in

[0021] Reference numerals of the attached drawings: 1 - housing; 2 - input source; 3 - worm input shaft; 4 - output shaft; 5 - radial buffer assembly; 6 - axial buffer assembly; 7 - connecting carriage; 8 - worm gear; 9 - first transmission gear; 10 - second transmission gear; 11 - third transmission gear; 12 - first synchronous belt pulley; 13 - second synchronous belt pulley; 14 - synchronous belt; 15 - transmission wheel; 16 - support wheel; 17 - support base; 18 - first trigger rod; 19 - ejector rod; 20 - second return spring; 21 - limiting rod; 22 - displacement slide rod; 23 - contact plate; 24 - compression spring; 25 - rotating cylinder connecting plate; 26 - rotating cylinder; 27 - input rod; 28 - connecting key; 29 - worm; 30 - radial impact plate; 31 - buffer spring; 32 - impact connecting rod; 33 - buffer pad; 34 - second trigger rod; 35 - top block. Detailed implementation mode

[0022] In the following description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0023] In the following description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "set", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and exemplary embodiments. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Among them, the same reference numerals in the drawings all refer to the same components. In addition, if the detailed description of the known technology is unnecessary for showing the features of the present invention, it will be omitted.

[0025] Embodiment: Refer to the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 8An impact-proof speed reducer as shown, in which an input source 2 is provided on a housing 1. The input source 2 is fixedly connected to a worm input shaft 3. The worm input shaft 3 is connected to an output shaft 4 through a speed reduction and buffering mechanism. The speed reduction and buffering mechanism is arranged inside the housing 1. The worm input shaft 3 is also connected to an axial buffering component 6. The axial buffering component 6 is arranged on the housing 1. A radial buffering component 5 is further provided on the housing 1. The radial buffering component 5 is also connected to the axial buffering component 6. The worm input shaft 3 is divided into two parts, including an input rod 27 connected to the input source 2 and a worm 29 arranged inside the housing 1. The input rod 27 and the worm 29 are connected through the axial buffering component 6. The connection position between the input rod 27 and the worm 29 is not completely fitted, and there is a gap in the middle. In the following text of this embodiment, the connection relationship of the worm input shaft 3 is described in terms of the input rod 27 and the worm 29.

[0026] Reference appendix Figure 2 - Appendix Figure 4 The speed reduction and buffering mechanism shown in the figure includes a connecting carriage 7, a worm gear 8, a first transmission gear 9, a second transmission gear 10, a third transmission gear 11, a first synchronous pulley 12, a second synchronous pulley 13, a synchronous belt 14, a transmission wheel 15, a support wheel 16, and a support seat 17. Among them, the input rod 27 is connected to the input source 2. The worm 29 is rotatably arranged on the connecting carriage 7. The connecting carriage 7 is arranged along the axial direction of the worm 29 and is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the housing 1 through a first return spring. The worm 29 forms a worm and worm gear fit with the worm gear 8 at the same time. The worm gear 8 is rotatably arranged on the connecting carriage 7. A first transmission gear 9 is fixedly arranged on one side of the worm gear 8. The first transmission gear 9 is rotatably connected to the connecting carriage 7. The first transmission gear 9 forms a gear fit with the second transmission gear 10 at the same time. The second transmission gear 10 is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the housing 1. The second transmission gear 10 forms a gear fit with the third transmission gear 11 at the same time. The third transmission gear 11 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft 4. One end of the output shaft 4 is rotatably arranged inside the housing 1, and the other end of the output shaft 4 is located outside the housing 1. A first synchronous pulley 12 is fixedly arranged on the other side of the worm gear 8. The first synchronous pulley 12 is connected to the second synchronous pulley 13 through the synchronous belt 14. The second synchronous pulley 13 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft 4. The synchronous belt 14 is also matched with the transmission wheel 15 and the support wheel assembly. The transmission wheel 15 is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the housing 1. There are two groups of support wheel assemblies, which are respectively arranged on both sides below the transmission wheel 15. The tooth number ratio between the first transmission gear 9 and the third transmission gear 11 is equal to the tooth number ratio between the first synchronous pulley 12 and the second synchronous pulley 13.

[0027] The support wheel assembly in this embodiment includes the support wheel 16 and the support seat 17 in the speed reduction and buffering mechanism. The support wheel 16 is in contact and fit with the synchronous belt 14. The support wheel 16 is slidably arranged on the support seat 17 through a tension spring. The support seat 17 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the housing 1.

[0028] Reference appendixFigure 5 -Appendix Figure 8 The axial buffer assembly 6 shown in Figure 8 includes a first trigger rod 18, a push rod 19, a second return spring 20, a limit rod 21, a displacement slide rod 22, a contact plate 23, a compression spring 24, a rotary cylinder connecting plate 25, a rotary cylinder 26, and a connection key 28. One end of the first trigger rod 18 is fixedly arranged on the input source 2, and the other end of the first trigger rod 18 is provided with an inclined surface and is in contact and cooperation with the inclined surface at the lower end of the push rod 19. The upper end of the push rod 19 is fixedly arranged at one end of the limit rod 21. The middle part of the limit rod 21 is vertically slidably arranged on the upper side of the machine housing 1 through the second return spring 20. The other end of the limit rod 21 is in contact and cooperation with the contact plate 23. The contact plate 23 is fixedly arranged at one end of the displacement slide rod 22. The displacement slide rod 22 is slidably arranged on the upper side of the machine housing 1 through the compression spring 24. The other end of the displacement slide rod 22 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotary cylinder connecting plate 25. The lower end of the rotary cylinder connecting plate 25 is rotatably provided with a rotary cylinder 26. The rotary cylinder 26 is sleeved outside both the input rod 27 and the worm 29 at the same time. Connection keys 28 are arranged at the positions where the input rod 27 and the worm 29 are connected, and the connection keys 28 are in sliding cooperation with the key chute inside the rotary cylinder 26.

[0029] Refer to Appendix Figure 5 -Appendix Figure 6 The radial buffer assembly 5 shown in Figure 6 has two groups and is respectively arranged on both sides of the input source 2. It includes a radial impact plate 30, a buffer spring 31, an impact connecting rod 32, a buffer pad 33, a second trigger rod 34, and a top block 35. One end of the radial impact plate 30 is fixedly arranged on the impact connecting rod 32. The impact connecting rod 32 is slidably arranged outside the machine housing 1 through the buffer spring 31. The other end of the impact connecting rod 32 is fixedly connected to the buffer pad 33. The position of the buffer pad 33 corresponds to the input source 2. One end of the second trigger rod 34 is fixedly arranged on one side of the impact connecting rod 32 where the buffer pad 33 is located. The second trigger rod 34 is integrally in an inverted "L" shape. The other end of the second trigger rod 34 is also provided with an inclined surface and is in contact and cooperation with the inclined surface on the top block 35. The top block 35 is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the end where the limit rod 21 is connected to the push rod 19.

[0030] When implementing the present invention, it is assumed that the output end of the reducer will be subjected to three different impact forces in the axial direction, namely small, medium, and large. To ensure the normal operation of the equipment, when the input source 2 is subjected to an impact force, it will undergo a certain degree of displacement.

[0031] When a small impact is received, the input source 2 will undergo an axial displacement along the worm input shaft 3 towards the housing 1. At this time, the input source 2 will drive the input rod 27 to move towards the worm 29. At this time, the input rod 27 will slide within the rotating cylinder 26 through the connecting key 28, and the gap between the input rod 27 and the worm 29 will offset the displacement caused by the impact; when a medium impact is received, under the above effect, the input rod 27 will further move towards the worm 29. At this time, the input rod 27 drives the worm 29 to move axially. During the movement of the worm 29, it will slide through the connecting carriage 7. The connecting carriage 7 further drives the worm wheel 8, the first transmission gear 9, and the first synchronous belt pulley 12 to move. Since the worm input shaft 3 is still driving at this time, the transmission between the worm 29 and the worm wheel 8 still occurs. The worm wheel 8 drives the first transmission gear 9 to rotate. The first transmission gear 9 transmits power to the output shaft 4 through the second transmission gear 10 and the third transmission gear 11 for output. However, when the connecting carriage 7 slides, the first transmission gear 9 and the second transmission gear 10 will be disconnected. To ensure continuous output and output efficiency, at this time, the first synchronous belt pulley 12 stretches the synchronous belt 14, and the synchronous belt 14 drives the two support wheels 16 to slide along the support base 17, so that the synchronous belt 14 is connected and matched with the transmission wheel 15 (in the initial position during normal driving, the synchronous belt 14 is not in contact with the transmission wheel 15, and the two support wheels 16 are located on the lower side, playing a supporting role for the synchronous belt 14. At this time, the synchronous belt 14 is in a relaxed state to prevent the synchronous belt 14 from floating and mating with the transmission wheel 15 during normal driving). At this time, the synchronous belt 14 is tensioned, and the transmission between the first synchronous belt pulley 12 and the second synchronous belt pulley 13 is carried out through the synchronous belt 14. Since the tooth ratio between the first synchronous belt pulley 12 and the second synchronous belt pulley 13 is equal to the tooth ratio between the first transmission gear 9 and the third transmission gear 11, the transmission ratio through the synchronous belt 14 at this time is the same as the transmission ratio through the second transmission gear 10 and the third transmission gear 11; when a large impact is received, the displacement of the input source 2 reaches the maximum. At this time, to ensure the safety of the equipment, when the input source 2 moves to the limit position, it will drive the inclined surface on the first trigger rod 18 to contact and cooperate with the inclined surface of the ejector rod 19, and push the ejector rod 19 upward. The ejector rod 19 drives the limit rod 21 upward. One end of the limit rod 21 in contact with the contact plate 23 is close in the initial position. When the limit rod 21 moves upward, it will disconnect from the contact plate 23. At this time, the displacement slide bar 22 moves towards the input source 2 under the action of the compression spring 24 (initially in a stretched state), and drives the rotating cylinder 26 to move through the rotating cylinder connecting plate 25. At this time, the rotating cylinder 26 will slide onto the input rod 27 and disconnect from the worm 29. The power of the input rod 27 will not be able to be transmitted through the rotating cylinder 26, and at this time the equipment stops working.

[0032] Since a worm and worm gear are used for speed reduction, when the input source 2 is subjected to a radial impact force, the damage to the device is extremely large. To ensure the safety of the device when subjected to a radial impact force, the radial impact plates 30 on both sides of the input source 2 will displace towards the input source 2 when subjected to a radial impact force. The radial impact plates 30 will drive the buffer pad 33 to move towards the input source 2 through the movement of the impact connecting rod 32 and the compression of the buffer spring 31. The buffer spring 31 and the buffer pad 33 play a buffering role. When the impact force is too large, the trigger rod two 34 on the impact connecting rod 32 will contact the top block 35 and lift the top block 35. Since the top block 35 is fixedly arranged on the limit rod 21, at this time, the limit rod 21 has the same effect as the above-mentioned axial large impact, and finally the device stops working when subjected to a large impact. It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or equivalently replace some of the technical features therein; and all such modifications and replacements should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact-proof speed reducer, comprising a housing (1), an input source (2) is arranged on the housing (1), the input source (2) is connected to a worm input shaft (3), the worm input shaft (3) is connected to an output shaft (4) through a speed reduction and buffering mechanism, the speed reduction and buffering mechanism is arranged inside the housing (1), the worm input shaft (3) is simultaneously connected to an axial buffering assembly (6), the axial buffering assembly (6) is arranged on the housing (1), and it is characterized in that: The speed reduction and buffering mechanism includes a worm input shaft (3) connected to the input source (2), the worm input shaft (3) is rotatably arranged on a connecting carriage (7), the connecting carriage (7) is arranged along the axial direction of the worm input shaft (3) and is slidably arranged inside the housing (1) through a first return spring, a worm (29) is simultaneously engaged with a worm wheel (8), the worm wheel (8) is rotatably arranged on the connecting carriage (7), a first transmission gear (9) is arranged on one side of the worm wheel (8), the first transmission gear (9) is simultaneously engaged with a second transmission gear (10), the second transmission gear (10) is rotatably arranged inside the housing (1), the second transmission gear (10) is simultaneously engaged with a third transmission gear (11), the third transmission gear (11) is arranged on the output shaft (4), the output shaft (4) is rotatably arranged on the housing (1), a first synchronous pulley (12) is arranged on the other side of the worm wheel (8), the first synchronous pulley (12) is connected to a second synchronous pulley (13) through a synchronous belt (14), the second synchronous pulley (13) is arranged on the output shaft (4), the synchronous belt (14) is simultaneously engaged with a transmission wheel (15) and a support wheel assembly, the transmission wheel (15) is rotatably arranged inside the housing (1), two groups of support wheel assemblies are provided and are respectively arranged on both sides below the transmission wheel (15); The worm input shaft (3) is divided into two parts, including an input rod (27) connected to the input source (2) and a worm (29) arranged inside the housing (1), the input rod (27) and the worm (29) are connected through an axial buffering assembly (6), the connection position between the input rod (27) and the worm (29) is not completely in contact, and there is a gap in the middle; The axial buffer assembly (6) includes a first trigger rod (18) with one end fixedly arranged on the input source (2). The other end of the first trigger rod (18) is arranged as an inclined surface and is in contact and cooperation with the inclined surface at the lower end of the ejector rod (19). The upper end of the ejector rod (19) is connected to one end of a limit rod (21). The limit rod (21) is slidably arranged on the housing (1) through a second return spring (20). The other end of the limit rod (21) is in contact and cooperation with a contact plate (23). The contact plate (23) is arranged at one end of a displacement slide rod (22). The displacement slide rod (22) is slidably arranged on the housing (1) through a compression spring (24). The other end of the displacement slide rod (22) is connected to the upper end of a rotating cylinder connecting plate (25). A rotating cylinder (26) is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the rotating cylinder connecting plate (25). The rotating cylinder (26) is sleeved on the outer sides of both the input rod (27) and the worm (29). Connecting keys (28) are arranged at the connecting positions of the input rod (27) and the worm (29), and the connecting keys (28) are in sliding cooperation with the key chute on the inner side of the rotating cylinder (26); in the case of normal driving in the initial position, the synchronous belt (14) is not in contact with the transmission wheel (15).

2. The shock-proof speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth number ratio between the first transmission gear (9) and the third transmission gear (11) is equal to the tooth number ratio between the first synchronous belt pulley (12) and the second synchronous belt pulley (13).

3. The shock-proof speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support wheel assembly includes a support wheel (16) and a support seat (17). The support wheel (16) is in contact and cooperation with the synchronous belt (14). The support wheel (16) is slidably arranged on the support seat (17) through a tension spring. The support seat (17) is arranged on the inner wall of the housing (1).

4. The impact-proof speed reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: A radial buffer assembly (5) is further arranged on the housing (1). The radial buffer assembly (5) is connected to the axial buffer assembly (6).

5. The impact-proof speed reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two groups of the radial buffer assemblies (5) are arranged and are respectively arranged on both sides of the input source (2).

6. The impact-proof speed reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radial buffer assembly (5) includes a radial impact plate (30) arranged at one end of an impact connecting rod (32). The impact connecting rod (32) is slidably arranged on the outer side of the housing (1) through a buffer spring (31). The other end of the impact connecting rod (32) is connected to a buffer pad (33). One end of a second trigger rod (34) is arranged on one side of the impact connecting rod (32) where the buffer pad (33) is located. The other end of the second trigger rod (34) is arranged with an inclined surface and is in contact and cooperation with the inclined surface on a top block (35). The top block (35) is arranged on the upper side of the connecting end of the limit rod (21) and the ejector rod (19).

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