An elevator brake gap monitoring device based on a capacitive grating sensor

Abstract

The present invention particularly relates to an elevator brake gap monitoring device based on a capacitance grating sensor, which includes a brake wheel and brake shoes, and also includes a brake iron core, a brake package magnet core, and a fixing plate. The brake shoes are fixed on the brake core. The brake iron core and the brake package magnet core are located on the fixing plate and can move left and right. A brake spring is arranged between the brake iron core and the brake package magnet core. A fixed seat is fixedly arranged on the front side of the brake iron core. A connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the fixed seat. The left end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a moving grating, and the moving grating is located in front of the brake package magnet core. A static grating and a controller are fixedly arranged on the brake package magnet core. The present invention can realize the timely discovery of the wear degree of the brake shoes, and can quickly make up for the wear amount of the brake shoes. At the same time, a gear and a rack are provided to ensure that when the instantaneous wear amount of the brake shoes is too large, the brake can be emergently braked, realizing double protection for the elevator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of safety technology for special electromechanical equipment, and particularly relates to an elevator brake gap monitoring device based on a capacitance grating sensor. Background Art

[0002] The brake is one of the important components that ensure the safe operation of the elevator and has frequent operations. A large number of accident cases show that one of the main reasons for elevator personal injury accidents is the failure of the elevator brake, which leads to accidents such as the elevator running over the top, squatting to the bottom, slipping, out-of-control stopping at the floor, and shearing. When the elevator brakes, it relies on the friction generated by the brake shoe pressing against the brake wheel to safely stop the elevator at the corresponding floor station. The brake shoe is extremely easy to wear, which in turn leads to an excessive braking gap, insufficient braking torque, and reduced friction. Once the braking fails, a shearing accident is extremely likely to occur at the elevator landing entrance, and the consequences are extremely tragic and serious. For the problems of brake shoe wear and changes in the braking gap, the current preventive measures in China still remain at the stage of manual measurement and visual observation, which are related to the technical level and sense of responsibility of the workers, and have the disadvantages of large errors and easy omission, thus increasing the safety hazards of the elevator.

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention designs an elevator brake gap monitoring device based on a capacitance grating sensor that can timely monitor the wear amount of the brake shoe in the elevator, timely make up for the wear amount, and provide double-layer braking protection for the brake wheel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provides an elevator brake gap monitoring device based on a capacitance grating sensor.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: An elevator brake gap monitoring device based on a capacitance grating sensor includes a brake wheel and a brake shoe, and also includes a brake core, a brake magnet core, and a fixing plate. The brake shoe is fixed on the brake core. The brake core and the brake magnet core are located on the fixing plate and can move left and right. A braking spring is arranged between the brake core and the brake magnet core. A fixed seat is fixedly arranged on the front side of the brake core. A connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the fixed seat. The left end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a moving grating. The moving grating is located in front of the brake magnet core. A static grating and a controller are fixedly arranged on the brake magnet core.

[0006] Further, a moving plate is arranged between the fixing plate and the brake magnet core. The moving plate is connected to the fixing plate for left and right sliding, and the moving plate is connected to the brake magnet core for left and right sliding.

[0007] Further, an electric cylinder I is arranged on the fixing plate. The output end of the electric cylinder I is fixedly connected with the moving plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a vertical plate is provided between the moving plate and the brake package magnet core. The vertical plate is fixedly connected to the moving plate. A buffer spring is provided at each of the left and right ends of the vertical plate, and the buffer spring can drive the brake package magnet core to move left and right.

[0009] Furthermore, sliding grooves are formed in the upper and lower ends of the brake package magnet core. A vertical plate is fixedly provided at each of the upper and lower ends of the front side of the moving plate. The vertical plates are movably located in the sliding grooves. A rotating rod is horizontally rotatably penetrated through each of the upper and lower ends of the brake package magnet core. The rotating rod rotatably penetrates through the vertical plate. A baffle is threadedly penetrated and connected to the rotating rod on both sides of the vertical plate. The baffle can slide left and right in the sliding groove. A buffer spring is sleeved on the rotating rod between the vertical plate and the two baffles respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, a gear is fixedly provided on the front side of the brake wheel, and a rack is rotatably provided on the front side of the brake shoe.

[0011] Furthermore, an electric cylinder II is rotatably provided on the front side of the brake shoe. A rotating rod is fixedly connected to the left side of the rack. The rear end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the brake shoe. The output end of the electric cylinder II is rotatably connected to the middle of the rotating rod.

[0012] Furthermore, a moving groove is formed at the rear end of the rotating rod. A spring seat is fixedly provided on the brake shoe. A return spring is fixedly connected between the spring seat and the rear end of the rotating rod. A rotating shaft is fixedly provided on the brake shoe. The rotating shaft is slidably and rotatably located in the moving groove.

[0013] The present invention is provided with a controller to control the electric cylinder I, the electric cylinder II and the brake package magnet core. The device is also provided with a display and a data processing unit, and their placement positions can be placed as needed. The main requirement is to be convenient for operation and observation, and will not be elaborated for the prior art; the moving grating is equipped with an induction iron core, and when a relative position change occurs with the static grating, a potential change can be generated; the static grating, the moving grating are connected to the data processing unit, and the potential change signal on the static grating is collected, processed and recorded by the data processing unit; the data collected and processed by the data processing unit is displayed by the display connected thereto.

[0014] During operation, when the elevator brake shoes show no wear and the gap is adjusted to be qualified, the relative position between the moving grid and the static grid is at the zero position. The initial value of the gap between the brake core and the brake package magnet core is A. When the brake is energized, the coil in the brake package magnet core generates a magnetic field, attracting the brake core to move towards the brake package magnet core against the resistance of the brake spring, thereby driving the brake shoes integrally connected to the brake core away from the brake wheel, achieving the effect of releasing the brake and enabling the elevator traction machine to rotate and operate. At this time, the data processing unit detects the potential change signal generated by the movement of the moving grid and records the moving distance X1 of the brake core from the zero position to the brake package magnet core. After the elevator reaches the designated floor, the traction machine stops rotating, the coil in the brake package magnet core loses power, the magnetic force disappears, and the brake core moves away from the brake package magnet core under the elastic force of the brake spring towards the brake wheel until the brake shoes are in full contact with and tightly pressed against the brake wheel, achieving the braking effect. At this time, the data processing unit records the moving distance X2 of the moving grid from the zero position towards the brake wheel. When X2 exceeds the maximum wear amount X of the brake shoes, or when X1 is less than a certain proportion of A (where the maximum wear amount is data corresponding to different brake shoes and different indicators), the data processing unit outputs a fault warning or shutdown signal to the elevator controller through the data transmission line, causing the elevator to stop running. After the maintenance personnel adjust the brake gap to the set range or replace the worn brake shoes, the normal operation of the elevator is restored, thus ensuring the overall safety of the elevator.

[0015] When the brake shoes are worn excessively instantaneously, after the brake shoes are in contact with the brake wheel, due to the insufficient contact force between the two, complete braking of the brake wheel cannot be achieved, which may cause the elevator to continue to slide down. That is, when the two are in contact, the second electric cylinder contracts. The connection between the output end of the second electric cylinder and the rotating rod is rotatable and slidable left and right, driving the rack to move towards the gear to achieve the meshing of the rack and the gear. If the brake wheel still rotates, it will drive the gear to rotate, and the rack will move to the right. While the rack moves to the right, it drives the brake shoes to move towards the brake wheel, that is, the return spring drives the brake shoes to move to the right. The greater the contact force between the brake shoes and the brake wheel, the greater the rotation amplitude of the brake wheel and the greater the pressing force between the brake shoes and the brake wheel. If the brake still rotates, until the rotating shaft is at the leftmost end of the moving groove, the rotating rod directly drives the brake shoes to be in hard contact with the brake, achieving the pressing and compacting of the brake wheel and braking the brake wheel. When the elevator needs to move up and down, first, the second electric cylinder rotates upward, driving the rack to disengage from the gear, and the brake package magnet core is energized to drive the brake shoes away from the brake wheel.

[0016] When the brake shoes are worn, the wear amount of the brake shoes can be compensated by controlling the expansion and contraction of the first electric cylinder to drive the brake shoes and the brake package magnet core to move towards the brake wheel simultaneously.

[0017] A buffer mechanism is provided between the brake package magnet core and the fixed plate to prevent hard contact between the brake package magnet core and the fixed plate caused by the collision and contraction between the brake core and the brake package magnet core at the moment of power-on, which may damage the second electric cylinder. That is, by rotating the rotating rod, two buffer springs can be driven to expand or be compressed simultaneously, so that the brake package magnet core can always be located at the fixed position of the fixed plate when not affected by external forces, without affecting the calculation of the wear amount of the brake shoe. At the same time, the buffer amount of the brake package magnet core can be adjusted. That is, the greater the compression degree of the spring, the smaller the buffer amount.

[0018] Beneficial effects of this device: The present invention can realize the timely detection of the wear degree of the brake shoe and can quickly make up for the wear amount of the brake shoe. At the same time, a gear and a rack are provided to ensure that when the wear amount of the brake shoe is too large instantaneously, the brake can be emergently braked, realizing double protection for the elevator. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a partial structural cross-section of the invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the invention.

[0022] Part List of Reference Numerals

[0023] 1. Fixed plate, 2. First electric cylinder, 3. Moving plate, 4. Brake package magnet core, 5. Controller, 6. Brake spring, 7. Brake core, 8. Brake shoe, 9. Static grating, 10. Moving grating, 11. Connecting rod, 12. Fixed seat, 13. Gear, 14. Brake wheel, 15. Rotating rod, 16. Baffle, 17. Buffer spring, 18. Vertical plate, 19. Spring seat, 20. Return spring, 21. Moving groove, 22. Rotating shaft, 23. Rotating bar, 24. Rack, 25. Second electric cylinder. Detailed Embodiment

[0024] Example 1, as Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, an elevator brake gap monitoring device based on a capacitance grating sensor includes a brake wheel 14 and a brake shoe 8, and also includes a brake iron core 7, a brake package iron core 4, and a fixing plate 1. The brake shoe 8 is fixed on the brake core. The brake iron core 7 and the brake package iron core 4 are located on the fixing plate 1 and can move left and right. A brake spring 6 is arranged between the brake iron core 7 and the brake package iron core 4. A fixing seat 12 is fixedly arranged on the front side of the brake iron core 7. A connecting rod 11 is fixedly arranged on the fixing seat 12. The left end of the connecting rod 11 is fixedly connected with a moving grating 10. The moving grating 10 is located in front of the brake package iron core 4. A static grating 9 and a controller 5 are fixedly arranged on the brake package iron core 4. A moving plate 3 is arranged between the fixing plate 1 and the brake package iron core 4. The moving plate 3 is slidably connected to the fixing plate 1 in the left-right direction and is slidably connected to the brake package iron core 4 in the left-right direction. An electric cylinder 1 2 is arranged on the fixing plate 1. The output end of the electric cylinder 1 2 is fixedly connected with the moving plate 3.

[0025] The present invention is provided with a controller 5 to control the electric cylinder 1 2, the electric cylinder 25, and the brake package iron core 4. The device is also provided with a display and a data processing unit, and their placement positions can be placed according to needs. The main requirement is that it is convenient and easy to operate and observe, so it will not be elaborated for the prior art; the moving grating 10 is equipped with an induction iron core, and when there is a relative position change with the static grating 9, a potential change can occur; the static grating 9, the moving grating 10 are connected to the data processing unit, and the potential change signal on the static grating 9 is collected, processed, and recorded by the data processing unit; the data collected and processed by the data processing unit is displayed by the display connected to it.

[0026] During operation, when the elevator brake shoe 8 has no wear and the gap is adjusted to be qualified, the relative position between the moving grid 10 and the static grid 9 is at the zero position at this time. The initial value of the gap between the brake core 7 and the brake pack magnet core 4 is A. When the brake is energized, the coil in the brake pack magnet core 4 generates a magnetic field, attracting the brake core 7 to move towards the brake pack magnet core 4 against the resistance of the brake spring 6, thereby driving the brake shoe 8 integrated with the brake core 7 to leave the brake wheel 14, achieving the effect of releasing the brake and enabling the elevator traction machine to rotate and work. At this time, the data processing unit detects the potential change signal generated by the movement of the moving grid 10 and records the moving distance X1 of the brake core 7 from the zero position to the brake pack magnet core 4. After the elevator reaches the designated floor, the traction machine stops rotating, the coil in the brake pack magnet core 4 loses power, the magnetic force disappears, and the brake core 7 moves away from the brake pack magnet core 4 under the elastic force of the brake spring 6 towards the brake wheel 14 until the brake shoe 8 is in full contact with and tightly pressed against the brake wheel 14, achieving the braking effect. At this time, the data processing unit records the moving distance X2 of the moving grid 10 from the zero position towards the brake wheel 14. When X2 exceeds the maximum wear amount X of the brake shoe 8, or when X1 is less than a certain proportion of A (the maximum wear amount is data corresponding to different brake shoes 8 and different indicators), the data processing unit outputs a fault warning or shutdown signal to the elevator controller 5 through the data transmission line, causing the elevator to stop running. After the maintenance personnel adjust the brake gap to the set range or replace the worn brake shoe 8, the elevator resumes normal operation, thereby ensuring the overall safety of the elevator.

[0027] Embodiment 2

[0028] As Figures 1-3 shown, a gear 13 is fixedly arranged on the front side surface of the brake wheel 14, and a rack 24 is rotatably arranged on the front side surface of the brake shoe 8. An electric cylinder 25 is rotatably arranged on the front side surface of the brake shoe 8. The left side of the rack 24 is fixedly connected with a rotating rod 23, the rear end of the rotating rod 23 is rotationally connected with the brake shoe 8, and the output end of the electric cylinder 25 is rotationally connected with the middle part of the rotating rod 23. A moving groove 21 is formed at the rear end of the rotating rod 23. A spring seat 19 is fixedly arranged on the brake shoe 8, a return spring 20 is fixedly connected between the spring seat 19 and the rear end of the rotating rod 23, and a rotating shaft 22 is fixedly arranged on the brake shoe 8. The rotating shaft 22 is slidable and rotatable within the moving groove 21.

[0029] When the brake shoe 8 wears out excessively instantaneously, after the brake shoe 8 is in contact with the brake wheel 14, since the contact force between the two is too small to achieve complete braking of the brake wheel 14, it may cause the elevator to continue to slide down. That is, after the two are in contact, the second electric cylinder 25 contracts, driving the rack 24 to move towards the gear 13 to achieve the meshing of the rack 24 and the gear 13. If the brake wheel 14 still rotates, it will drive the gear 13 to rotate, and the rack 24 will move to the right. While the rack 24 moves to the right, it drives the brake shoe 8 to contact the brake wheel 14, that is, the return spring 20 drives the brake shoe 8 to move to the right. The greater the contact force between the brake shoe 8 and the brake wheel 14, the greater the rotation amplitude of the brake wheel 14 and the greater the pressing force between the brake shoe 8 and the brake wheel 14. If the brake still rotates, until the rotating shaft 22 is at the leftmost end of the moving groove 21, the rotating rod 23 directly drives the brake shoe 8 to be in hard contact with the brake, achieving the pressing and compacting of the brake wheel 14 and braking the brake wheel 14. When the elevator needs to move up and down, first, the second electric cylinder 25 rotates upward, driving the rack 24 to disengage from the gear 13, and the brake solenoid core 4 is energized to drive the brake shoe 8 to disengage from the brake wheel 14.

[0030] Embodiment Three

[0031] As Figures 1-3 shown, when the brake shoe 8 wears out, the telescopic movement of the first electric cylinder 2 can be controlled to drive the brake shoe 8 and the brake solenoid core 4 to move towards the brake wheel 14 at the same time to make up for the wear amount of the brake shoe 8.

[0032] Embodiment Four

[0033] As Figures 1-3 shown, sliding grooves are opened at the upper and lower ends inside the brake solenoid core 4. A vertical plate 18 is fixedly arranged at the upper and lower ends of the front side of the moving plate 3. The vertical plate 18 is movably located inside the sliding groove left and right. A rotating rod 15 is horizontally and rotatably penetrated through the upper and lower ends of the brake solenoid core 4 respectively. The rotating rod 15 is rotatably penetrated through the vertical plate 18. A baffle 16 is threadedly penetrated and connected to the rotating rod 15 on both sides of the vertical plate 18. The baffle 16 can slide left and right inside the sliding groove. A buffer spring 17 is sleeved on the rotating rod 15 between the vertical plate 18 and the two baffles 16 respectively.

[0034] A buffer mechanism is provided between the brake pack magnet core 4 and the fixed plate 1 to avoid hard contact between the brake pack magnet core 4 and the fixed plate 1 caused by the collision and contraction between the brake core 7 and the brake pack magnet core 4 at the moment of power-on, which may damage the second electric cylinder 25. That is, by rotating the rotating rod 15, the two buffer springs 17 can be driven to expand or be compressed simultaneously, so that the brake pack magnet core 4 can always be located at the fixed position of the fixed plate 1 when not affected by external forces, without affecting the calculation of the wear amount of the brake shoe 8. At the same time, the buffer amount of the brake pack magnet core 4 can be adjusted. That is, the greater the degree of spring compression, the smaller the buffer amount.

[0035] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An elevator brake gap monitoring device based on a capacitance grating sensor, comprising a brake wheel and a brake shoe, characterized in that: It further includes a brake iron core, a brake package magnet core, and a fixing plate. The brake shoe is fixed on the brake attachment core. The brake iron core and the brake package magnet core are located on the fixing plate and can move left and right. A brake spring is arranged between the brake iron core and the brake package magnet core. A fixing seat is fixedly arranged on the front side of the brake iron core. A connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the fixing seat. The left end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a moving grid, and the moving grid is located in front of the brake package magnet core. A static grid and a controller are fixedly arranged on the brake package magnet core; A moving plate is arranged between the fixing plate and the brake package magnet core. The moving plate is connected to the fixing plate for left and right sliding, and the moving plate is connected to the brake package magnet core for left and right sliding; A vertical plate is arranged between the moving plate and the brake package magnet core. The vertical plate is fixedly connected with the moving plate. A buffer spring is arranged at each of the left and right ends of the vertical plate, and the buffer spring can drive the brake package magnet core to move left and right; Chutes are opened at the upper and lower ends inside the brake package magnet core. A vertical plate is fixedly arranged at each of the upper and lower ends of the front side of the moving plate. The vertical plate is located in the chute and can move left and right. A rotating rod horizontally penetrates through the upper and lower ends of the brake package magnet core respectively and can rotate. The rotating rod penetrates through the vertical plate rotatably. A baffle is threadedly penetrated and connected to the rotating rod on both sides of the vertical plate. The baffle can slide left and right in the chute. A buffer spring is sleeved on the rotating rod between the vertical plate and the two baffles respectively; A gear is fixedly arranged on the front side of the brake wheel, and a rack is rotatably arranged on the front side of the brake shoe; An electric cylinder two is rotatably arranged on the front side of the brake shoe. The left side of the rack is fixedly connected with a rotating rod. The rear end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the brake shoe. The output end of the electric cylinder two is rotatably connected to the middle of the rotating rod; A moving groove is opened at the rear end of the rotating rod. A spring seat is fixedly arranged on the brake shoe. A return spring is fixedly connected between the spring seat and the rear end of the rotating rod. A rotating shaft is fixedly arranged on the brake shoe. The rotating shaft is slidable and rotatable in the moving groove; 2. The elevator brake gap monitoring device based on a capacitive grid sensor according to claim 1, wherein: An electric cylinder one is arranged on the fixing plate. The output end of the electric cylinder one is fixedly connected with the moving plate.

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