A high-power spinning multi-pass step-back spinning process

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-power spinning multi-pass step reverse spinning process method, comprising the following steps: according to the product size requirements, determine the core mold diameter, the inner diameter and thickness of the tube blank material; according to the product forming thickness, the transition section length, the thinning section length and the thickness of the tube blank material, accurately calculate the overall reverse spinning length of the tube blank material; according to the difference between the thickness of the tube blank material and the forming thickness of the product, determine the number of passes of the reverse spinning process; determine the reverse spinning process parameters of each pass; according to the determined reverse spinning process parameters of each pass, use CNC high-power spinning equipment to perform reverse spinning processing to obtain the required product rough-machined parts. The present invention ensures the dimensional accuracy between the steps after spinning by accurately and quickly calculating the reverse spinning process parameters of each pass, shortens the trial production time, improves the product accuracy, and reduces material waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of spinning technology, and in particular to a high-power spinning multi-pass step reverse spinning process method. Background Art

[0002] Power spinning is generally divided into forward spinning and reverse spinning. The core mold part consists of a core shaft 1 and a discharge ring 2, such as Figure 1 As shown. The discharge ring 2 is sleeved on the mandrel 1. When in use, the mandrel is fixed on the rotating spindle of the spinning equipment, and then the tube blank material 3 (blank) is sleeved on the mandrel 1. When the mandrel rotates, the spinning wheel 4 makes a feeding motion, so that the tube blank material 3 is continuously thinned point by point and abuts against the mandrel 1 to form a part of the required shape. Power spinning realizes the forming of the workpiece by changing the thickness and shape of the tube blank material 3. During power spinning, Figure 1 As shown in the upper part, the spinning wheel 4 feeds forward, and the tube blank material 3 extends forward. This is called positive spinning when the extension direction of the tube blank material 3 is consistent with the feeding direction of the spinning wheel 4. Figure 1 As shown in the lower part, the spinning wheel 4 feeds forward and the tube blank material 3 extends backward. This extension direction of the tube blank material 3 is opposite to the feeding direction of the spinning wheel 4 and is called counter-rotation.

[0003] Generally speaking, compared with forward and reverse spinning, forward spinning has high control accuracy of the size accuracy between steps for products with steps, but because the front end material is in a free state during forward spinning, the diameter accuracy after spinning is relatively poor; reverse spinning has good mold adhesion, is not easy to expand the diameter, the diameter tolerance is easy to control, and the reverse spinning efficiency is high. It is especially suitable for straight-tube products without bottoms, and the core mold is short. However, for products with steps, reverse spinning is not easy to control because the length between steps is proportional to the axial displacement of the spinning wheel and the thickness of the material before and after spinning.

[0004] Normally, the longer the blank is, the harder it is to ensure the processing accuracy. In order to reduce the finishing pressure of the blank, the blank with a shorter length and thicker thickness is generally designed as much as possible, and the thinning rate is usually considered to be no more than 70%. However, since the thinning rate of a single pass is generally controlled within 20-40%, it is usually necessary to spin multiple passes from the blank to the finished product. In the actual trial production process, due to different materials, different thicknesses of blanks, and different equipment rigidity, the actual size after each spinning pass will have a certain amount of rebound from the set size. The latter pass needs to be corrected according to the actual thickness of the previous pass, such as the pressing amount and spinning length. It is especially important for the latter pass to be spinning with steps. In order to ensure the dimensional accuracy between the steps after spinning, it is even more necessary to correct the program according to the actual size of the previous pass. Since spinning is chipless, the weight of the material remains unchanged during the spinning process. Therefore, the principle of unchanged weight before and after spinning is usually used for calculation. However, since the stepped products are all in the shape of a straight cylinder + cone, it is difficult to calculate the volume and weight, especially at the production site. Therefore, in many cases, only the ratio of the thickness of the blank and the product during spinning is roughly calculated, and then multiple trial productions are carried out. This not only takes a long time to trial-produce and has low precision, but also wastes a lot of precious materials, especially for products with high precision requirements and projectiles. Therefore, an accurate and fast process method is urgently needed.

[0005] Therefore, technicians in this field are committed to developing a high-power spinning multi-pass belt step reverse spinning process method to overcome the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to accurately and quickly calculate the reverse spinning process parameters of each pass to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the steps after spinning, shorten the trial production time, improve product accuracy and reduce material waste.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high-power spinning multi-pass belt step reverse spinning process method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Determine the core mold diameter, inner diameter and thickness of the tube blank material according to the product size requirements;

[0009] Step 2: According to the forming thickness, transition section length, thinning section length and thickness of the tube material, the overall reverse rotation length of the tube material is accurately calculated;

[0010] Step 3: Determine the number of passes of the reverse rotation process according to the difference between the thickness of the tube blank material and the forming thickness of the product;

[0011] Step 4, determine the reverse rotation process parameters for each pass;

[0012] Step 5: According to the determined reverse spinning process parameters of each pass, reverse spinning is performed using CNC high-power spinning equipment to obtain the required rough-machined product parts.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 1, the core mold diameter is determined by the inner diameter of the product, and the core mold diameter is consistent with the inner diameter of the product; the inner diameter of the tube blank material is determined by the core mold diameter, and the inner diameter of the tube blank material is 0.5-2mm larger than the inner diameter of the core mold.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 1, the thickness of the tube blank material is determined by the overall thinning rate of the product, and the overall thinning rate of the product is the ratio of the difference between the thickness of the tube blank material and the forming thickness of the product to the thickness of the tube blank material, and the overall thinning rate of the product is not greater than 70%.

[0015] Furthermore, the step 2 of determining the overall reverse rotation length of the tube material includes:

[0016] Step 2.1, determine the reverse rotation length of the transition section of the tube blank material;

[0017] Step 2.2, determining the reverse rotation length of the thinning section of the tube blank material;

[0018] Step 2.3, adding twice the reverse rotation length of the transition section determined in step 2.1 to the reverse rotation length of the thinning section determined in step 2.2 to obtain the overall reverse rotation length of the tube blank material.

[0019] Further, in step 3, the thinning rate of each pass is divided according to the overall thinning rate of the product, the thinning rate of each pass is the ratio of the difference between the thickness of the tube material of the previous pass and the thickness of the tube material of the next pass to the thickness of the tube material of the previous pass, the thinning rate of each pass is between 15-40%, and the sum of the thinning rates of all passes is equal to the overall thinning rate of the product; the number of passes of the reverse rotation process is determined by the thinning rate of each pass.

[0020] Furthermore, the calculation formula for determining the reverse rotation length of the transition section of the tube material in step 2.1 is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] in,

[0023] D b =D m +2·δ b

[0024] Δδ=δ b -δ a

[0025]

[0026] D b.a =D b -2·Δδ

[0027]

[0028] Where, L b.op Represents the transition section anti-rotation length, V b.a represents the transition section volume, D b Represents the outer diameter of the tube material, D m represents the core diameter, δ b Represents the thickness of the tube material, δ a represents the molding thickness of the product, Δδ represents the thinning amount, Δδ% represents the thinning rate, D b.a represents the diameter of the supination cone, L b Represents the length of the transition section.

[0029] Furthermore, the calculation formula for determining the reverse rotation length of the thinning section of the tube material in step 2.2 is as follows:

[0030]

[0031] in,

[0032] D b =D m +2·δ b

[0033] Δδ=δ b -δ a

[0034]

[0035] D s.a =D b -2·Δδ

[0036]

[0037] Where, L s.op Represents the anti-rotation length of the thinning section, V s.a Represents the volume of the thinned section, D b Represents the outer diameter of the tube material, D m represents the core diameter, δ b Represents the thickness of the tube material, δ a represents the molding thickness of the product, Δδ represents the thinning amount, Δδ% represents the thinning rate, D s.a Represents the supinated straight diameter, L s Represents the length of the thinning section.

[0038] Furthermore, in step 4, determining the reverse rotation process parameters of each pass includes:

[0039] Step 4.1, determine the starting point and lifting point of the last pass by the overall reverse rotation length of the tube blank material;

[0040] Step 4.2, determine the thickness of the tube material of the previous pass by the thinning rate of each pass;

[0041] Step 4.3: Determine the starting point and lifting point of each pass, which should be between the starting point and lifting point of the previous pass and at a certain distance from the starting point and lifting point of the previous pass.

[0042] Furthermore, in step 4, determining the reverse rotation process parameters of each pass also includes:

[0043] Step 4.4: Determine the setback distance L at the end point of each pass k according to the thinning amount of each pass k and the front angle α of the spinning wheel. e (k) , the formula is Where Δδ (k) Represents the thinning amount of each pass k, which is the difference between the thickness of the tube blank material in the previous pass k-1 and the thickness of the tube blank material in the kth pass after processing.

[0044] Furthermore, in step 4, determining the reverse rotation process parameters of each pass also includes:

[0045] Step 4.5: Determine the overlapping radial offset of the three spinning wheels at each pass k according to the axial offset of each pass k and the front angle α of the spinning wheel. Formula is D r (k) =D a (k) ·tanα, where D a (k) Represents the axial misalignment of each pass k.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0047] By accurately and quickly calculating the process parameters of each spin process, the dimensional accuracy of the steps after spinning is guaranteed, the trial production time is shortened, the product accuracy is improved, and material waste is reduced.

[0048] The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the principle of positive and negative rotation of the power spinning in the prior art;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of anti-rotation thickness reduction of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of a 210L hydrogen cylinder produced in another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of two pass planning of a 210L hydrogen cylinder generated by another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the comparison before and after the first pass of a 210L hydrogen cylinder produced by another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the front and rear end point retreat distance of a 210L hydrogen cylinder produced by another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Among them, 1-mandrel, 2-discharging ring, 3-tube material, 4-spinning wheel, 5-forming slope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the specification, so that the technical content is clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms of embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned in the text.

[0057] In the drawings, components with the same structure are indicated by the same numerical reference numerals, and components with similar structures or functions are indicated by similar numerical reference numerals. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention does not limit the size and thickness of each component. In order to make the illustration clearer, the thickness of the components is appropriately exaggerated in some places in the drawings.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] Based on a large amount of actual production experience, this embodiment designs the following calculation method. The detailed description is as follows:

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, during the reverse rotation, the billet flow follows the following rules:

[0061] The blank size is AC, and the length after spinning is AB. Figure 2 The dotted line shows the tube blank material 3, T1 is the blank thickness, and T2 is the thickness after spinning.

[0062] When the spinning wheel 4 is pressed down from point D of the tube blank material 3, the thickness of the tube blank material 3 is reduced from T1 to T2, and the axial spinning is completed from point D to point E. Then the length to reach the thickness T2 is EF, and EF≈ED*(T1 / T2) (assuming that the slopes at E and F are calculated as 90 degrees).

[0063] Therefore, up to this point, the axial working length DE of the spinning wheel 4 is significantly smaller than EF, which is why the reverse spinning efficiency is high.

[0064] However, since the product during the spinning process is a cylindrical tube, T1 / T2 is not in strict proportional relationship with the lengths of ED and EF. Moreover, the change from thickness T1 to thickness T2 will be a slope transition. Here, in order to more accurately guarantee the EF length, we need to accurately calculate the distance between the pressing position D and E of the original blanks with different diameters, thicknesses and slopes.

[0065] To this end, this embodiment specifically designs an accurate calculation method, as shown in Tables 1 to 4:

[0066] Table 1 Calculation of anti-rotation length by inclined plane length

[0067]

[0068] Table 2 Calculation of the length of the straight tube

[0069]

[0070] Table 3 End point retreat amount

[0071] Serial number Spinning wheel front angle Thinning amount Backward length 1 15 2 7.464102 2 15 3 11.19615 3 15 4 14.9282 4 15 5 18.66025

[0072] Table 4 Relationship between the axial and radial offset of the three-wheel front angle overlap

[0073]

[0074] (1) The length of the inclined plane (transition section) is used to calculate the anti-rotation length (refer to Table 1). The calculation formula is as follows:

[0075] D b =D m +2·δ b (1)

[0076] Δδ=δ b -δ a (2)

[0077]

[0078] D b.a =D b -2·Δδ (4)

[0079] Among them, D m represents the core diameter, δ b Represents the thickness of the tube material (original thickness), δ a Represents the molding thickness, D b represents the diameter before spinning (original diameter), Δδ represents the thinning amount, Δδ% represents the thinning rate, D b.a represents the supination cone diameter.

[0080] According to the geometric method, the volume V of the inclined surface after spinning can be calculated b.a :

[0081]

[0082] Among them, L b Represents the length of the slope.

[0083] Calculate the anti-rotation length L of the inclined plane (transition section) b.op :

[0084]

[0085] (2) The length of the straight tube (thinning section) is used to calculate the anti-rotation length (refer to Table 2). The calculation formula is as follows:

[0086] Similarly, as shown in equations (1) to (3).

[0087] D s.a =D b -2·Δδ (7)

[0088] Among them, D s.a Represents supinated straight barrel diameter.

[0089] According to the geometric method, the volume V of the straight cylinder after spinning can be calculated s.a :

[0090]

[0091] Among them, L s Represents the straight length.

[0092] Calculate the reverse rotation length L of the straight tube (thinning section) s.op :

[0093]

[0094] (3) Calculation of the amount of retreat at the end of the pass

[0095] Since the front angle of the spinning wheel 4 generally has a front angle α of about 10-30 degrees, such as Figure 6 As shown, therefore, during multi-pass spinning, the final axial position of the last pass needs to retreat a certain distance (retreat length) Le (k) If there is no concession, the spinning wheel will thin the forming slope 5 (step surface) of the previous pass again, which will cause excessive thinning rate and cause product damage or even equipment failure.

[0096] Referring to Table 3, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, L e (k) Represents the retreat length of each pass k end point, Δδ (k) Represents the amount of thinning for each pass k.

[0099] (4) Calculation of the relationship between the axial and radial misalignment of the three-wheel front angle overlap (refer to Table 4), the calculation formula is as follows:

[0100] D r (k) =D a (k) ·tanα (11)

[0101] in, Represents the radial misalignment of each pass k, D a (k) Represents the axial misalignment of each pass k.

[0102] Example 2

[0103] Specific as Figure 3 The following is an example of strong spinning of a 210L hydrogen cylinder blank:

[0104] First, the core mold diameter is a known fixed value, and the thickness before spinning (original thickness) δ b , Required thickness after spinning (molding thickness)δ a , Transition section length (inclined surface length) L b And the length of the thinning section (straight tube length) L s , these are also known parameters.

[0105] Secondly, before the step reverse spinning, the material before spinning needs to be accurately measured. As shown in the figure, we measure the thickness of the blank before spinning δ b It is 10.2mm.

[0106] The product requires the front and rear slope thickness to be from δ b =10.2mm thinned to δ a =6.1mm and the slope length L b The lengths of the axial direction of the spinning wheel (the length of the slope reverse rotation) are both 115 mm. According to calculation, the running length of the axial direction of the spinning wheel during slope forming (the reverse rotation length of the slope) L b.opThey should all be 91.43mm.

[0107] Product requirements: 6.1mm thickness, straight tube length L s It is 1636mm. After calculating the length L of this section of the straight tube, s.op It is 967.87mm.

[0108] Therefore, to spin out the steps of 115+1636+115mm, the length of the 10.2mm thick tube blank material we need is 91.43+967.87+91.43=1150.73mm.

[0109] Specifically here, the thickness is from 10.2mm to 6.1mm. Due to the large deformation, it is generally completed in two passes, so two passes are required for the steps here. Figure 4 shown.

[0110] According to product requirements, take a length of 1150.73mm at the appropriate position of the 10.2mm blank, and mark points A and B with a marker. The distance between points A and B is the working range of the spinning wheel in the second pass. Within this range, we can add another pass to reduce the deformation. As shown in the trajectory of the first pass in the figure, the range of this pass must be between A and B and cannot exceed this range, otherwise the final size will change. The starting and end points of the first pass are generally separated by a certain length from the starting and end points of the second pass. For this product, it is more appropriate to separate them by about 20mm.

[0111] Here, after the first spinning, Figure 5 As shown, point B will move backwards as the material extends, so the starting point B of the second pass, we start from the mark made before, and run along the trajectory to the marked point A.

[0112] In addition, if Figure 6 As shown, since the front angle of the spinning wheel 4 generally has a front angle of about 10-30°, the final axial position of the next pass in multi-pass spinning needs to retreat a certain distance. If there is no retreat, the spinning wheel will thin the step surface of the previous pass again, resulting in excessive thinning rate, causing product damage or even equipment failure.

[0113] Example 3

[0114] This embodiment introduces in detail a complete multi-pass + step forming process for the production of high-pressure hydrogen cylinders.

[0115] Among them, the inner diameter of the billet is 371mm, the thickness is 19.5mm, the length is 910mm, and the material is 6061H112 aluminum alloy.

[0116] The spinning equipment uses a 550 three-wheel high-speed spinning machine. The G code is an international standard code with universality. The auxiliary M code instructions vary depending on the machine model. Please refer to the corresponding manual.

[0117] According to the requirements of hydrogen cylinder products, the inner hole of the product after molding should be as free of scratches and other defects as possible. Therefore, the inner hole of the blank will be slightly larger than the diameter of the core mold (0.5-2mm is appropriate) to ensure that the inner wall will not be damaged during loading. However, since the inner hole of the blank is too large, the product will slide backwards after the spinning wheel is lifted during spinning. Therefore, the first pass requires a faster feed speed to shrink the blank and make it close to the core mold for subsequent spinning. In order to facilitate demolding and avoid scratching the inner hole, the feed amount and thinning amount of the last pass are slightly smaller, so that the product can be properly expanded to ensure that there is an appropriate gap between the inner diameter and the core mold.

[0118] According to the strong spinning process of aluminum, the thinning rate of a single pass is generally controlled between 15-30%. For the thinning process of thickness from 19.5mm to 6.1mm, it can be designed as 5 passes, as shown in Table 4. The thinning thickness is 15.5-12.8-10.2-7.6-6.1mm, and the speed is F2.5-F2.5-F2.5-F2.5-F2.2.

[0119] In addition, in order to ensure uniform spinning texture on the product surface, we adjusted the axial offset of the three spinning wheels to 2mm. According to the above table, we calculated that the radial offset is no more than 0.5mm.

[0120] Table 4 Multi-pass parameters for the production of high-pressure hydrogen cylinders

[0121]

[0122] The specific program segments are as follows:

[0123] ; Strong spinning aluminum tube 371, 19.5--10--6MM 15-R12-15 CJ1-1-1

[0124] R10=1355 ;Z axis starting point of the first pass

[0125] R11=1535 ;Second Z-axis cutting point

[0126] R12=1735 ;The third Z-axis cutting point

[0127] R13=1775 ;The fourth Z-axis cutting point

[0128] R14=2128; Fifth pass Z axis cutting point

[0129] R20=430 ; Spindle end tool lift point

[0130] R21=170 ; Fourth pass Z axis tool lift point

[0131] R22=752; Fifth pass Z-axis tool lift point

[0132] ;==========================(the above starting point parameters)

[0133] M81 G4 F20; Tail top moves horizontally to the center

[0134] M83

[0135] M66 G4 F30; Tailstock moves forward to limit position

[0136] M68 ; Tailstock forward close

[0137] M56 G4 F10 ; Tail top forward

[0138] M58

[0139] M50 M46 M48 G4 F5; Rotary start, water pump start, filter start

[0140] M00; Pause to check whether the action is in place

[0141] G90 G1 X90 Y90 B90 F1000 G94; Spinning wheel opens radially

[0142] Z=R10+10G94 F3000; Axial movement to 10mm distance behind the first Z-axis starting point

[0143] G90 G1 X19 Y19 B19 G94 F1000; radial to the vicinity of the product outer diameter to prevent the material from moving backward after the spindle rotates.

[0144] G95 ; set to feed per revolution

[0145] ; First pass

[0146] G1 Z=R10 F20; Move axially to the Z-axis starting point of the first pass

[0147] S50M4 ;Spindle start

[0148] G1 X=16.4-0.9Y=15.9-0.9B=15.5-0.9F2.5; Set the wall thickness of the first pass, so that the product surface texture is clear, the radial offset is 0.5mm, the feed speed is F2.5, 15.5 is the set value, and 0.9 is the compensation amount. During debugging, the thickness must be actually measured after the first pass is completed to determine the accurate compensation amount.

[0149] G1 Z=R20 F2.5; Axial reach the tool lift point

[0150] G1 X50 Y50 B50 F20; lift the spinning wheel to a safe position

[0151] M05; The spindle stops to prevent the product from moving backwards

[0152] G0 Z=R11; Axial movement to the second Z-axis starting point

[0153] ; Second pass

[0154] G0 X15 Y15 B15; The spinning wheel moves radially to the vicinity of the product outer diameter

[0155] S50 M4 ;Spindle start

[0156] G1 Z=R11; Axial movement to the second Z-axis starting point

[0157] G1 X=13.8-0.8Y=13.3-0.8B=12.8-0.8F2.5; set the second pass wall thickness, 0.8 is the compensation amount

[0158] G1 Z=R20+10F2.5; Axial reach the tool lift point and increase the retreat distance by 10mm

[0159] G1 X50 Y50 B50 F20; lift the spinning wheel to a safe position

[0160] M05; spindle stops,

[0161] G0 Z=R12; Axial movement to the Z-axis starting point of the third pass

[0162] ; Third pass

[0163] G0 X12 Y12 B12; The spinning wheel moves radially to the vicinity of the product outer diameter

[0164] S50 M4 ;Spindle start

[0165] G1 Z=R12; Axial movement to the Z-axis starting point of the third pass

[0166] G1 X=11.2-0.7Y=10.7-0.7B=10.2-0.7F2.5; set the third pass wall thickness, 0.7 is the compensation amount

[0167] G1 Z=R20+19F2.5; Axial reach the tool lift point and increase the retreat distance by 19mm

[0168] G1 X50 Y50 B50 F20; lift the spinning wheel to a safe position

[0169] M05 ;Spindle stop

[0170] G0 Z=R13; Axial movement to the fourth Z-axis starting point

[0171] ; Fourth pass

[0172] G0 X11.5 Y11.5 B11.5; the spinning wheel moves radially to the vicinity of the product outer diameter

[0173] S50 M4 ;Spindle start

[0174] G1 Z=R13 F20; Axial movement to the fourth Z-axis starting point

[0175] X11.5 Y11.5 B11.5 F=2.5; The spinning wheel reaches the downhill radial direction

[0176] X=8.6-0.8Y=8.1-0.8B=7.6-0.8Z=R13-100; downhill slope

[0177] Z=R21+20+100S50; axial operation to the uphill starting point, 676mm is the end point of the fifth uphill, 20mm is the indentation of the end point of the 4th uphill relative to the end point of the 5th uphill, 100mm is the uphill length

[0178] X11.5 Y11.5 B11.5 Z=R21+20; the axial direction reaches the end of the uphill slope. Note that the radial thickness of the spinning wheel here should be greater than the actual set thickness of the previous pass, otherwise it is easy to form an indentation on the product surface

[0179] G1 X50 Y50 B50 F20; lift the spinning wheel to a safe position

[0180] M05 ;Spindle stop

[0181] G0 Z=R14; Axial movement to the Z-axis starting point of the fifth pass

[0182] ; Fifth pass

[0183] S46 M4 ;Spindle start

[0184] G0 X11.1 Y11.1 B11.1; The radial position of the fifth pass should also be greater than the thickness of the formed product.

[0185] G1 Z=R14 F20; Z-axis starting point for the fifth axial pass

[0186] F2.2 ; Feed speed at downhill starting point F

[0187] G90 G1 X=7.1-0.9Y=6.6-0.9B=6.1-0.9Z=R14-110 F1.8 FLIN; The slope is downhill, and the FILN function makes the downhill feed speed gradually change from F2.2 to F1.8, so that the surface texture of the product is uniform.

[0188] FNORM ; Disable feed change command

[0189] Z=R22+110F2.2; Axial movement to the uphill starting point

[0190] F1.8 S38 ; Feed speed at uphill starting point F

[0191] X11.2 Y11.2 B11.2 Z=R22 F2.2 FLIN; uphill, the speed gradually increases from F1.8 to F2.2

[0192] FNORM ; Disable feed change command

[0193] G1 X90 Y90 B90 F20; lift the spinning wheel to a safe position. Note that this position must ensure that the spinning wheel does not touch the outer diameter of the discharge ring.

[0194] M05 ;Spindle stop

[0195] G94; feed changes to divided feed

[0196] M51 M47; Rotary motor stops, water pump stops

[0197] Z327 F3000; Axial movement to the unloading position

[0198] M60 G4 F8; front unloading fork lowered

[0199] M62; front unloading stop

[0200] M57 M67 M82 G4 F25; Tail head moves backward, tail stock moves backward, tail head moves horizontally backward

[0201] M58 M68; Tail stop, tailstock stop,

[0202] M00

[0203] M83; Tail top lateral movement stops

[0204] Z2230 F3000; Slide table moves backwards, unloading fork unloads

[0205] M49; filter water pump stops

[0206] M61 G4 F10; front unloading fork raised

[0207] M62; front unloading lift stop

[0208] Z500 F3000; the slide reaches the appropriate position for the next loading

[0209] M02

[0210] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that ordinary technicians in the field can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by technicians in the technical field based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A high-power spinning multi-pass step reverse spinning process method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Determine the core mold diameter, inner diameter and thickness of the tube blank material according to the product size requirements; Step 2: accurately calculate the overall reverse rotation length of the tube material according to the forming thickness, transition section length, thinning section length and tube material thickness of the product; Step 3, determining the number of passes of the reverse rotation process according to the difference between the thickness of the tube blank material and the forming thickness of the product; Step 4, determine the reverse rotation process parameters for each pass; Step 5: According to the determined reverse spinning process parameters of each pass, reverse spinning is performed using CNC high-power spinning equipment to obtain the required rough-machined product parts; Calculating the overall reverse rotation length of the tube material in step 2 includes: Step 2.1, determine the reverse rotation length of the transition section of the tube blank material; Step 2.2, determining the reverse rotation length of the thinning section of the tube blank material; Step 2.3, adding twice the reverse rotation length of the transition section determined in step 2.1 to the reverse rotation length of the thinning section determined in step 2.2 to obtain the overall reverse rotation length of the tube blank material; The calculation formula for determining the transition section reverse rotation length of the tube material in step 2.1 is as follows: in, D b =D m +2·d b Δδ=δ b -d a D b.a =D b -2·Dd Where, L b.op Represents the transition section anti-rotation length, V b.a represents the transition section volume, D b Represents the outer diameter of the tube material, D m represents the core diameter, δ b Represents the thickness of the tube material, δ a represents the molding thickness of the product, Δδ represents the thinning amount, Δδ% represents the thinning rate, D b.a represents the diameter of the supination cone, L b Represents the length of the transition section.

2. The high-power spinning multi-pass step reverse spinning process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the core mold diameter is determined by the inner diameter of the product, and the core mold diameter is consistent with the inner diameter of the product; the inner diameter of the tube blank material is determined by the core mold diameter, and the inner diameter of the tube blank material is 0.5-2mm larger than the inner diameter of the core mold.

3. The high-power spinning multi-pass step reverse spinning process according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the thickness of the tube material is determined by the overall thinning rate of the product. The overall thinning rate of the product is the ratio of the difference between the thickness of the tube material and the forming thickness of the product to the thickness of the tube material. The overall thinning rate of the product is not more than 70%.

4. The high-power spinning multi-pass step reverse spinning process according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 3, the thinning rate of each pass is divided according to the overall thinning rate of the product, the thinning rate of each pass is the ratio of the difference between the thickness of the tube material of the previous pass and the thickness of the tube material of the next pass to the thickness of the tube material of the previous pass, the thinning rate of each pass is between 15-40%, and the sum of the thinning rates of all passes is equal to the overall thinning rate of the product; the number of passes of the reverse rotation process is determined by the thinning rate of each pass.

5. The high-power spinning multi-pass step reverse spinning process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula for determining the reverse rotation length of the thinning section of the tube material in step 2.2 is as follows: in, D b =D m +2·d b Δδ=δ b -d a D s.a =D b -2·Dd Where, L s.op Represents the anti-rotation length of the thinning section, V s.a Represents the volume of the thinned section, D b Represents the outer diameter of the tube material, D m represents the core diameter, δ b Represents the thickness of the tube material, δ a represents the molding thickness of the product, Δδ represents the thinning amount, Δδ% represents the thinning rate, D s.a Represents the supinated straight diameter, L s Represents the length of the thinning section.

6. The high-power spinning multi-pass step reverse spinning process according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 4, determining the reverse rotation process parameters of each pass includes: Step 4.1, determine the starting point and lifting point of the last pass by the overall reverse rotation length of the tube blank material; Step 4.2, determine the thickness of the tube material of the previous pass by the thinning rate of each pass; Step 4.3: Determine the starting point and lifting point of each pass, which should be between the starting point and lifting point of the previous pass and at a certain distance from the starting point and lifting point of the previous pass.

7. The high-power spinning multi-pass step reverse spinning process according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 4, determining the reverse rotation process parameters of each pass also includes: Step 4.4: Determine the setback distance L at the end point of each pass k according to the thinning amount of each pass k and the front angle α of the spinning wheel. e (k) , the formula is Where Δδ (k) Represents the thinning amount of each pass k, which is the difference between the thickness of the tube blank material in the previous pass k-1 and the thickness of the tube blank material in the kth pass after processing.

8. The high-power spinning multi-pass step reverse spinning process according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 4, determining the reverse rotation process parameters of each pass also includes: Step 4.5: Determine the radial offset D of the three spinning wheel rake angle overlap of each pass k according to the axial offset of each pass k and the rake angle α of the spinning wheel. r (k) , the formula is D r (k) =D a (k) ·tanα, where D a (k) Represents the axial misalignment of each pass k.

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