Axle assembly, differential, lubrication structure and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to an axle assembly, a differential, a lubrication structure and a vehicle. The lubrication structure includes a cover and an impeller. The cover is configured to surround the axis of the differential outside the housing of the differential and to form a guide space with the housing, and the guide space is connected to the inside of the differential via an oil inlet hole on the housing. A through hole connecting the outside and the guide space is constructed on the cover. The impeller is configured to be coaxially sleeved outside the housing around the axis and located in the guide space. When the impeller rotates around the axis with the housing, the lubricating oil is prompted to enter the inside of the differential. In the above-mentioned lubrication structure, the impeller uses the kinetic energy of the housing rotation to form a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cover by rotation, and the external gear oil is drawn into the guide space through the through hole, and then further injected into the differential through the oil inlet hole, so as to lubricate and protect the mechanical structure inside the differential housing. The differential is equipped with a lubrication structure, and the gear oil is actively obtained through the impeller by the rotation of the housing, which greatly improves the oil supply efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle parts, and in particular to an axle assembly, a differential, a lubrication structure and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] When a vehicle is turning or driving on an uneven road, the left and right wheels or the front and rear wheels need to roll at different speeds. To achieve this function, a differential is installed on the vehicle to adjust the speed of different wheels to achieve differential operation.

[0003] The differential is installed in the cavity of the drive axle and is soaked in gear oil to achieve lubrication and protection. However, the mechanical structure in the differential housing also needs lubrication and protection from gear oil. In traditional technology, the lubrication inside the differential housing is usually carried out in an open lubrication method, that is, an oil inlet hole is constructed on the differential housing so that the gear oil outside the differential can enter the differential through the oil hole. However, this method has low oil inlet efficiency, resulting in less gear oil in the differential housing and limited lubrication performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an axle assembly, a differential, a lubrication structure and a vehicle that can improve the differential oil supply efficiency in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] A lubrication structure, comprising:

[0006] The cover is configured to surround the axis of the differential and be arranged outside the housing of the differential, and to form a flow guide space together with the housing, wherein the flow guide space is connected to the interior of the differential via the oil inlet hole on the housing; and a through hole is configured on the cover to connect the outside with the flow guide space;

[0007] An impeller is configured to be coaxially sleeved outside the housing around the axis and located in the flow guide space;

[0008] When the impeller rotates around the axis following the housing, the external lubricating oil is prompted to enter the interior of the differential through the guide space.

[0009] In the above lubrication structure, the impeller is driven by the kinetic energy of the housing rotation, and the external gear oil and other lubricating oil liquid are drawn from the outside into the guide space through the through hole by rotation, and the gear oil in the guide space is further injected into the inside of the differential through the oil inlet hole to lubricate and protect the mechanical structure inside the differential housing. In the traditional scheme, the differential using open lubrication basically only relies on the gear oil to passively enter the differential from the oil inlet hole. On this basis, a lubrication structure is added to use the kinetic energy of the housing rotation to actively obtain the gear oil through the impeller, which greatly improves the oil supply efficiency and the lubrication effect.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the lubrication structure further includes a flow guide pipe, which is disposed on the cover body and connects the flow guide space with the outside through the through hole.

[0011] In one embodiment, the impeller includes a rim and at least one blade, all of the blades are spaced apart on the rim around the axis, and the rim is coaxially sleeved outside the housing around the axis.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the pressure surface of the blade intersects with the direction space where the axis is located.

[0013] In one embodiment, the differential includes a bearing cap disposed at an end of the housing;

[0014] The cover body is disposed outside the shell around the axis and is fixedly connected to the bearing cover. The cover body, the shell and the bearing cover together form the flow guide space.

[0015] In one embodiment, the cover body includes an annular circumferential surface surrounding the axis and two annular end surfaces arranged at both ends of the annular circumferential surface in the axial direction, and the cover body is fixedly connected to the bearing cover through the annular end surface facing the bearing cover.

[0016] In one embodiment, the annular end surface of the cover body facing away from the bearing cover extends toward the axis relative to the annular circumferential surface, and the annular end surface of the cover body facing the bearing cover extends away from the axis relative to the annular circumferential surface;

[0017] The housing, the annular circumferential surface, the bearing cover and the annular end surface of the cover body facing away from the bearing cover together form the flow guide space.

[0018] A differential comprises a housing and the above-mentioned lubrication structure.

[0019] A vehicle axle assembly comprises a bridge housing and the above-mentioned differential, wherein the bridge housing has a bridge housing cavity, and the differential is arranged in the bridge housing cavity.

[0020] A vehicle comprises the above-mentioned axle assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of an axle assembly in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the axle assembly shown;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the cross-sectional schematic diagram shown;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of a differential housing in an axle assembly shown;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cover of a lubrication structure in an axle assembly shown;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the bearing cover in the axle assembly shown;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the impeller of the lubrication structure in the axle assembly shown.

[0029] 100, axle assembly; 101, bridge housing; 103, drive shaft; 300, differential; 31, housing; 311, oil inlet hole; 313, shaft diameter; 33, bearing cover; 331, matching hole; 35, bearing; 36, ring gear; 37, half shaft; 38, planetary gear; 500, lubrication structure; 51, cover; 513, annular circumferential surface; 515, annular end surface; 5151, fixing hole; 53, impeller; 531, wheel rim; 533, blade; 55, guide tube; Q, bridge housing cavity; Z, axis line; D, guide space; K, through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0032] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0035] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 3 An embodiment of the present invention provides an axle assembly 100, a differential 300 and a lubrication structure 500. The axle assembly 100 includes an axle housing 101 and a differential 300. The axle housing 101 has an axle housing cavity Q, and the differential 300 is disposed in the axle housing cavity Q. The differential 300 includes a housing 31, a lubrication structure 500 and a bearing cover 33 disposed at the end of the housing 31. The bearing cover 33 is fixed to the axle housing 101, and the housing 31 is rotatably connected to the bearing cover 33 through a bearing 35.

[0037] In addition, in order to realize its normal function, the above-mentioned axle assembly 100 generally needs to include a drive shaft 103 similar to a conventional axle, etc. In order to realize its normal function, the above-mentioned differential 300 generally needs to include a half-shaft 37, a ring gear 36, a planetary gear 38, etc. similar to a conventional differential, which will not be repeated here. As described in the background technology, the differential 300 will rotate under the drive of the drive shaft 103 through the ring gear 36 of its housing 31. In order to lubricate and protect the differential 300, gear oil and other lubricating oil are injected into the bridge housing cavity Q. In addition, since the interior of the differential 300 also has structures such as half-shafts 37 and planetary gears 38 that need lubrication and protection, an oil inlet hole 311 (such as 311) connected to the interior of the differential 300 is opened on the housing 31 of the differential 300. Figure 4 As shown), the gear oil outside the differential 300 can enter the inside of the differential 300 through the oil inlet hole 311. The lubrication structure 500 provided by the present invention is applied to the above differential 300 to improve the oil inlet efficiency of the gear oil at the oil inlet hole 311.

[0038] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the lubrication structure 500 provided by the present invention includes a cover 51 and an impeller 53. The cover 51 is configured to surround the axis Z of the differential 300 outside the housing 31 of the differential 300, and to form a guide space D with the housing 31. The guide space D is connected to the inside of the differential 300 via the oil inlet hole 311 on the housing 31. A through hole K is configured on the cover 51 to connect the outside with the guide space D. The impeller 53 is configured to be coaxially sleeved outside the housing 31 around the axis Z and located in the guide space D. Among them, when the impeller 53 rotates around the axis Z with the housing 31, the lubricating oil from the outside is prompted to enter the inside of the differential 300 through the guide space D.

[0039] The axis Z of the differential 300 is also the rotation axis when the differential 300 rotates, and when the differential 300 rotates, the impeller 53 will follow its housing 31 to rotate in the guide space D to disturb the fluid in the guide space D. At this time, the fluid in the guide space D will form a pressure difference with the outside under the disturbance of the impeller 53, and under the action of the pressure difference, the gear oil outside the cover 51 will enter the guide space D through the through hole K. The gear oil entering the guide space D will be constrained by the cover 51, and further injected into the inside of the differential 300 through the oil inlet hole 311 under the stirring action of the impeller 53. Among them, the impeller 53 only needs to have a protrusion that can disturb the fluid in the guide space D and can rotate with the housing 31.

[0040] The impeller 53 of the above-mentioned lubrication structure 500 is driven by the kinetic energy of the rotation of the housing 31, and forms a pressure difference inside and outside the cover 51 through the rotation, thereby pumping the external gear oil and other lubricating oil liquid from the outside into the guide space D through the through hole K, and then the gear oil in the guide space D is further injected into the inside of the differential 300 through the oil inlet hole 311 to lubricate and protect the internal mechanical structure of the differential 300. In the traditional scheme, the differential 300 using open lubrication basically relies on the gear oil passively entering the inside of the differential 300 from the oil inlet hole 311, and because the housing 31 will rotate relative to the bridge housing 101, in this passive oil feeding method, it is difficult for the gear oil to enter the inside of the differential 300 through the rotating oil inlet hole 311, and the efficiency is very low. On this basis, the lubrication structure 500 is installed, and the kinetic energy of the rotation of the shell 31 can be used to actively obtain the gear oil through the impeller 53 and store it in the guide space D, and further enter the interior of the differential 300 through the oil inlet hole 311 under the stirring of the impeller 53 and the guidance of the cover body 51, thereby greatly improving the oil intake efficiency and allowing the interior of the differential 300 to have sufficient gear oil to ensure the lubrication effect.

[0041] Please also read Figure 5In some embodiments, the cover body 51 is disposed around the axis Z outside the shell 31 and is fixedly connected to the bearing cover 33. The cover body 51, the shell 31 and the bearing cover 33 together form a guide space D.

[0042] The bearing cover 33 is a relatively fixed structure with respect to the vehicle. The cover body 51 is fixedly connected to the bearing cover 33 so that it can also be fixed with respect to the vehicle, and form a guide space D with the bearing cover 33 and the housing 31. The fixed cover body 51 necessarily makes the through hole K thereon relatively fixed as well, while the impeller 53 located in the guide space D rotates with the housing 31, making it easier to extract gear oil from the static through hole K through the dynamic impeller 53. The structural form of the cover body 51 can be changed to adapt to the installation environment, and the guide space D formed by the cover body 51 and other structures must accommodate the impeller 53 and be connected to the oil inlet 311.

[0043] Furthermore, the cover body 51 includes an annular circumferential surface 513 surrounding the axis Z and two annular end surfaces 515 arranged at both ends of the annular circumferential surface 513 in the direction of the axis Z. The cover body 51 is fixedly connected to the bearing cover 33 via the annular end surface 515 facing the bearing cover 33.

[0044] The annular circumferential surface 513 is more conducive to being surrounded by the shell 31 and forming a match with the impeller 53. At the same time, with the help of the annular end surface 515 at one end, it can form a fixed relationship with the bearing cover 33. With the help of the annular end surface 515 at the other end, it cooperates with the shell 31 to form a relatively closed guide space D.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the through hole K is opened on the annular circumferential surface 513. It can be understood that the opening position of the through hole K can be adjusted according to factors such as the distribution position of the gear oil in the bridge housing cavity Q and the structure of the impeller 53, and is not specifically limited here.

[0046] Furthermore, the annular end surface 515 of the cover body 51 facing away from the bearing cover 33 extends toward the axis Z relative to the annular circumferential surface 513, and the annular end surface 515 of the cover body 51 facing the bearing cover 33 extends away from the axis Z relative to the annular circumferential surface 513. The housing 31, the annular circumferential surface 513, the bearing cover 33 and the annular end surface 515 of the cover body 51 facing away from the bearing cover 33 together form a flow guide space D.

[0047] The annular end face 515 facing away from the bearing cover 33 needs to extend inward toward the axis Z, that is, close to the housing 31, and converge toward the housing 31 to ensure the formation of a relatively closed flow guide space D, and also facilitate the guidance of the gear oil in the flow guide space D so that it can flow along the annular end face 515 toward the housing 31, and then enter the interior of the differential 300 through the oil inlet hole 311. The annular end face 515 facing the bearing cover 33 extends away from the axial direction and away from the housing 31, so the annular end face 515 is located outside the flow guide space D. During assembly, the annular end face 515 located outside the flow guide space D is convenient for matching with the bearing cover 33 and performing a fixing operation.

[0048] It is understandable that in some other embodiments, the annular end surface 515 for connecting with the bearing cover 33 may also extend relative to the annular circumferential surface 513 toward the axis Z. In this case, the flow guide space D may be formed by the annular circumferential surface 513 , the two annular end surfaces 515 and the housing 31 .

[0049] Furthermore, at least one fixing hole 5151 is formed on the annular end surface 515 of the cover body 51 facing the bearing cover 33 .

[0050] The bearing cover 33 is provided with a matching hole 331 (such as Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 3 , the cover body 51 can be fixed on the bearing cover 33 by the connection piece passing through the fixing hole 5151 and cooperating with the matching hole 331. It can be understood that the cover body 51 can also be welded, clamped, etc. to the bearing cover 33 through the annular end surface 515 facing the bearing cover 33, which is not specifically limited here.

[0051] See also Figure 7 In some embodiments, the impeller 53 includes a rim 531 and at least one blade 533 , all blades 533 are spaced apart around the axis Z on the rim 531 , and the rim 531 is coaxially sleeved around the axis Z outside the housing 31 .

[0052] The wheel rim 531 can be stably mounted and fixed on the housing 31, and when the housing 31 rotates, the blades 533 on the wheel rim 531 can be driven to rotate, so that the blades 533 disturb the fluid in the flow guide space D. The wheel rim 531 and the housing 31 can be fixed by welding, bolt connection, or clamp connection, and the number of blades 533 can be determined as needed, which is not specifically limited here.

[0053] In one specific embodiment, the differential 300 is provided through the shaft diameter 313 (eg Figure 4As shown in the figure, the impeller 53 cooperates with the bearing 35, and the oil inlet hole 311 is opened at a position on the housing 31 close to the shaft diameter 313. The impeller 53 is coaxially sleeved outside the shaft diameter 313 around the axial direction through the wheel rim 531, and the cover body 51 is covered on the impeller 53 and at the same time covered above the oil inlet hole 311. It can be understood that the setting position of the impeller 53 needs to be kept in the guide space D, and the guide space D plays a role in introducing gear oil to the oil inlet hole 311, so its position depends on the oil inlet hole 311. Therefore, the installation position of the impeller 53 only needs to be able to follow the rotation of the housing 31 and guide oil to the oil inlet hole 311, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0054] Furthermore, the pressure surface of the blade 533 intersects with the direction space where the axis Z is located.

[0055] The pressure surface is the working surface of the blade 533, and is the surface that directly impacts the fluid to increase the fluid pressure. In contrast, the blade 533 also has a suction surface. The pressure surface intersects with the direction space where the axis Z is located, which is conducive to applying a pressure that intersects with the axis Z during operation. It can be understood that there is a direct relationship between the pressure surface and the suction surface and the rotation direction of the impeller 53. Preferably, the pressure surface faces the oil inlet hole 311, and the suction surface faces the through hole K. The pressure surface generates a pressure toward the oil inlet hole 311 on the fluid, pressing the gear oil into the oil filling hole, and the suction surface generates a suction force on the fluid from the outside of the through hole K to the inside of the through hole K, and the gear oil is sucked into the guide space D through the through hole K.

[0056] In some embodiments, the lubrication structure 500 further includes a guide tube 55 , which is disposed on the cover body 51 and connects the guide space D with the outside through the through hole K.

[0057] Since the gear oil in the bridge housing cavity Q does not necessarily cover or soak the through hole K of the cover body 51, and there may be a situation where the gear oil in some areas is insufficient to provide and meet the lubrication requirements inside the differential 300. The flow guide space D can be connected to the area with rich distribution of gear oil in the bridge housing cavity Q through the flow guide tube 55. When the flow guide tube 55 is inserted into the gear oil, it will not be limited by the installation position of the cover body 51, which greatly improves the effect of extracting gear oil and improves the injection efficiency of gear oil. The number of conduits and through holes K can be adjusted as needed and is not specifically limited here.

[0058] The above-mentioned lubrication structure 500 is installed on the differential 300, and the cover body 51 is specifically fixed to the bearing cover 33 through its own annular end face 515, and is specifically arranged outside the housing 31 of the differential 300, and together with the housing 31 and the bearing cover 33 of the differential 300, a guide space D is formed. In addition, there is a guide pipe 55, one end of which is inserted in the gear oil, and the other end is connected to the guide space D. The impeller 53 is sleeved outside the housing 31 through its own wheel rim 531 and is located in the guide space D, and can rotate with the housing 31, and during the rotation process, the gear oil is promoted to enter the guide space D through the guide pipe 55, and finally flow from the guide space D into the inside of the differential 300 through the oil inlet hole 311. The lubrication structure 500 actively feeds oil by utilizing the rotational kinetic energy of the housing 31, which greatly improves the oil feeding efficiency and the lubrication effect. The installation steps of the lubrication structure 500 are as follows: put the cover body 51 on the shaft diameter 313; put the impeller 53 on the shaft diameter 313 through the wheel rim 531 and fix it; rotate the shaft diameter 313 to connect with the bearing cover 33 through the bearing 35; adjust the cover body 51 to a suitable position so that the guide tube 55 reaches the target position; finally, fix the cover body 51 to the bearing cover 33 through the annular end face 515.

[0059] The present invention further provides a vehicle (not shown) comprising the above-mentioned axle assembly 100 .

[0060] In order to lubricate and protect the mechanical structure in the axle assembly 100, the above-mentioned vehicle has gear oil injected into the axle cavity. During the driving process of the vehicle, the drive shaft 103 in the axle assembly 100 drives the differential 300 to rotate through the ring gear 36, thereby driving the impeller 53 fixed on the shaft diameter 313 of the housing 31 to rotate in the guide space D. The rotating impeller 53 disturbs the fluid in the guide space D, causing a pressure difference between the two ends of the guide pipe 55, and the end of the guide pipe 55 away from the cover body 51 is inserted into the gear oil. Under the action of this pressure difference, the gear oil at the end of the guide pipe 55 away from the cover body 51 will enter the guide space D through the through hole K along the guide pipe 55 for storage. The gear oil in the flow guide space D flows toward the oil inlet hole 311 under the action of the pressure surface of the impeller 53 and the constraint of the cover body 51, and finally enters the interior of the differential 300 through the oil inlet hole 311, producing a lubricating and protective effect on the internal mechanical structure of the differential 300. Therefore, a vehicle equipped with the axle assembly 100 having the lubrication structure 500 can continuously inject gear oil into the interior of the differential 300 by means of the rotating impeller 53 of the differential 300 and the external cover body 51 during driving, with high oil injection efficiency, good internal mechanical protection of the differential 300, and can extend the service life of the vehicle's differential 300.

[0061] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0062] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A lubrication structure, It is characterized in that The lubrication structure comprises: The cover is configured to surround the axis of the differential and be arranged outside the housing of the differential, and to form a flow guide space together with the housing, wherein the flow guide space is connected to the interior of the differential via the oil inlet hole on the housing; and a through hole is configured on the cover to connect the outside with the flow guide space; An impeller is configured to be coaxially sleeved outside the housing around the axis and located in the flow guide space; When the impeller rotates around the axis following the housing, the lubricating oil from the outside is forced to enter the interior of the differential through the guide space; The differential includes a bearing cover disposed at the end of the housing; the cover includes an annular circumferential surface surrounding the axis and two annular end surfaces disposed at both ends of the annular circumferential surface in the axis direction, and the cover is fixedly connected to the bearing cover through the annular end surface facing the bearing cover; The annular end surface of the cover body facing away from the bearing cover extends toward the axis relative to the annular circumferential surface, and the annular end surface of the cover body facing the bearing cover extends away from the axis relative to the annular circumferential surface; the housing, the annular circumferential surface, the bearing cover and the annular end surface of the cover body facing away from the bearing cover together form the guide space.

2. The lubrication structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The lubrication structure further comprises a flow guide pipe, which is arranged on the cover body and connects the flow guide space with the outside through the through hole.

3. The lubrication structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The impeller comprises a wheel rim and at least one blade, all the blades are arranged on the wheel rim at intervals around the axis, and the wheel rim is coaxially sleeved outside the shell around the axis.

4. The lubrication structure according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The pressure surface of the blade intersects with the direction space where the axis is located.

5. The lubrication structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The cover body is disposed outside the shell around the axis and is fixedly connected to the bearing cover. The cover body, the shell and the bearing cover together form the flow guide space.

6. A differential, It is characterized in that The differential comprises a housing and a lubrication structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. An axle assembly, It is characterized in that The vehicle axle assembly includes a bridge housing and the differential as claimed in claim 6, wherein the bridge housing has a bridge housing cavity, and the differential is disposed in the bridge housing cavity.

8. A vehicle, It is characterized in that The vehicle comprises the axle assembly of claim 7.

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