A slow-start permanent magnet motor

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of motors or electric vehicles, and specifically to a slow-start permanent magnet motor, which is provided with a position detection disk, a time-controlled conduction switch and an inertial feedback device. The time-controlled conduction switch is driven by the inertial feedback device to change the position detected by the inertial feedback device, thereby realizing the control of the on-off time of the time-controlled conduction switch by the conduction hole of the position detection disk, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the output momentum. The present invention can effectively reduce the acceleration at startup, ensure driving safety, and effectively reduce the current at startup, thereby extending the service life of the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of motors or electric vehicles, and in particular to a slow-start permanent magnet motor. Background Art

[0002] In the field of electric vehicles, the motor is its main driving component. Since the torque output of the motor is directly output to the wheels without passing through the clutch and other links, its torque output is relatively large. During the start-up process of the car, there is a greater sense of pushing back, and it can instantly accelerate to a higher speed. These considerable problems have some bad effects on drivers and passengers. For example, when driving in a traffic jam, if the driving skills are not good, the car body may hit the vehicle in front as soon as the accelerator is turned on, causing a rear-end collision. For another example, during the start-up process, especially for electric buses, the elderly and even young and middle-aged people on the bus may be shaken down, which is very unfavorable for safe driving. Therefore, it is an urgent requirement to design a slow-start permanent magnet motor that prevents excessive acceleration and stable starting. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a slow-start permanent magnet motor which can prevent excessive acceleration at the start and start the car smoothly.

[0004] The technical solution to the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: a slow-start permanent magnet motor, using a permanent magnet motor, the permanent magnet motor comprises a shell, a permanent magnet rotor and a stator arranged inside the shell, the axis of the permanent magnet rotor is provided with a rotating shaft, and the stator is wound with a coil winding, characterized in that: the permanent magnet motor also includes a position detection disk, a time-controlled conduction switch and an inertial feedback device; the position detection disk is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft, the position detection disk is provided with a conducting hole, and the conducting hole occupies 1 / n of the circumference in the circumferential direction, wherein n is the number of stator coil windings; the inertial feedback device is arranged on a side of the position detection disk close to the end of the rotating shaft;

[0005] The inertial feedback device comprises:

[0006] A feedback bracket is fixedly connected to the housing, and a feedback sliding hole is provided on the feedback bracket; the length direction of the feedback sliding hole is the same as the radial direction of the position detection disk and is evenly distributed on the circumference;

[0007] The feedback shaft has an axis that coincides with the axis of the feedback bracket and the shaft and is fixedly connected to the housing;

[0008] A feedback cam, rotatably connected to the feedback shaft;

[0009] An inertia hammer is vertically arranged and the upper end of the inertia hammer is fixedly connected to the center of the feedback cam; a baffle is provided at the front end of the inertia hammer;

[0010] The feedback slide rod is inserted into the feedback slide hole, and the end close to the axis abuts against the feedback cam at the shortest position from the axis;

[0011] A return spring is provided between the feedback slide bar and the feedback bracket to restore the position of the feedback slide bar;

[0012] An inertial locking mechanism, wherein the inertial locking mechanism is an electromagnetic lock fixedly connected to the housing, and a lock hole is provided at the lower end of the inertial hammer corresponding to the position of the electromagnetic lock bolt;

[0013] The time-controlled conduction switch comprises:

[0014] A light emitting element is arranged on a side of the position detection disk close to the rotor and is fixedly connected to the housing;

[0015] A photosensitive element is arranged on a side of the inertial feedback device close to the end of the rotating shaft and connected to the end of the feedback slide bar. The initial position of the photosensitive element is flush with a side of the through hole close to the axis.

[0016] The feedback cam drives the photosensitive element to move outward after rotating, and the area of ​​the rotating conducting hole conducting is reduced, thereby reducing the time for the stator coil to conduct current.

[0017] Preferably, the conductive hole is rectangular.

[0018] More preferably, when the stator coil winding is an odd number, the number of feedback sliding holes and the number of feedback cam protrusions are the same;

[0019] When the stator coil winding is an even number, the number of feedback sliding holes is the same as the number of stator coil windings or half of the number of stator coil windings; the number of protrusions of the feedback cam is the same as the number of feedback sliding holes. At this time, the feedback slide bar is T-shaped, and photosensitive elements are installed at both ends of the large end of the feedback slide bar, and the spacing between the two photosensitive elements is 1 / n of the circumference.

[0020] Preferably, the feedback sliding holes are located on different vertical planes.

[0021] More preferably, a track groove is provided at the center of the side surface of the feedback cam, and the end of the feedback slide rod is slidably inserted in the track groove.

[0022] Preferably, a shaft sleeve is provided on a side of the feedback cam close to the housing, the shaft sleeve is rotatably connected to the feedback shaft, and the inertia hammer is arranged on the shaft sleeve.

[0023] Preferably, the side of the conducting hole away from the axial end is in an arc-shaped step shape; a reference arc is drawn on the side of the conducting hole close to the axial end, and each step gradually approaches the reference arc from one end to the other end of the conducting hole.

[0024] Preferably, the feedback bracket is provided with a sliding bracket, the length of the sliding bracket is greater than the annular width of the feedback bracket; the feedback sliding hole is provided on the feedback bracket;

[0025] The sliding bracket is provided with a limiting groove, and the limiting groove is opened on the side wall of the feedback sliding hole;

[0026] Limiting protrusions are provided on both sides of the feedback slide bar, and the limiting protrusions are slidably inserted into the limiting grooves;

[0027] The return spring is arranged between the limiting protrusion and the lower end of the limiting groove.

[0028] Preferably, the side of the conducting hole away from the axis end is in an arc-shaped step shape; a reference arc is drawn on the side of the conducting hole close to the axis end, and the side of the conducting hole away from the axis end is a smooth curve gradually approaching the reference arc.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. Effectively reduce the acceleration during starting and ensure driving safety.

[0031] 2. Effectively reduce the current at startup and extend the service life of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an inertial feedback device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an inertial feedback device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a feedback cam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a via hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a via hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a sliding bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 The via hole of one embodiment of the present invention is Figure 5 or Figure 6 The shape shown is a schematic diagram of the conduction time;

[0040] Fig. 9is a schematic diagram of the conduction time of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of an inertial feedback device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of a locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of a locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of a locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the length of the conductive hole when the photosensitive element is located at different positions.

[0046] In the figure:

[0047] 430, mounting frame; 401, cross bar; 414, return spring; 421, limit protrusion; 413, limit groove; 412, sliding bracket; 560, electromagnet; 550, electromagnetic lock; 461, lock hole; 520, slide bolt; 510, slide tube; 451, bushing; 452, track groove; 130, baffle; 420, feedback slide bar; 460, inertia hammer; 450, feedback cam; 440, feedback shaft; 411, feedback slide hole; 410, feedback bracket; 302, photosensitive element; 301, light-emitting element; 210, conduction hole; 400, inertial feedback device; 300, control conduction switch; 200, position detection disk; 110, shaft; 120, housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are further explained in detail below.

[0049] A slow-start permanent magnet motor includes a housing 120, a permanent magnet rotor and a stator arranged inside the housing 120. A rotating shaft 100 is provided at the axis of the permanent magnet rotor. A coil winding is wound around the stator. A time-controlled conduction switch 300, a position detection disk 200 and an inertial feedback device 400 are also provided inside or outside the housing 120. The number of the time-controlled conduction switches 300 is the same as the number of stators, and the position of the time-controlled conduction switch 300 corresponds to the position of the stator coil winding. When the time-controlled conduction switch 300 detects that the rotor rotates to the corresponding stator position, the stator coil winding at this position is turned on to drive the rotor to continue rotating. The setting of the position of the position detection switch is a prior art known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0050] The light emitting element 301 may be a light emitting diode, and the photosensitive element 302 may be a phototransistor. In the control circuit, the photosensitive element 302 is connected in series in the control loop of the stator coil winding, or the output end of the photosensitive element 302 controls the switch tube connected in series in the stator coil winding to realize the control of the conduction and disconnection of the stator winding. Since the current of the stator coil winding is very large during the conduction process, the latter control method is often used to control the on and off of the stator coil winding by controlling the high-power switch tube.

[0051] The position detection disk 200 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 110. As shown in the figure, one end of the rotating shaft is fixed by a bearing and its end extends out. As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the rotating shaft 110 includes an end that protrudes out of the shell and an end that is located inside the shell. In this embodiment, equipment such as an inertial feedback device are arranged inside the shell to increase its stable and reliable performance. The position detection disk 200 is designed to be circular, and its center is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 110. The position detection disk 200 is provided with a conducting hole 210, and the conducting hole 210 occupies 1 / n of the circumference in the circumferential direction, where n is the number of stator coil windings. At this time, when the rotor rotates to the position of the stator coil winding, the stator coil winding is turned on.

[0052] According to different control methods, the via 210 may have different shapes.

[0053] The conducting hole 210 is designed as a rectangle, and the length of the arc with the axis as the center and passing through the two ends of the bottom side of the rectangular conducting hole 210 is equal to π / n, where n is the number of stator windings. At this time, the initial position of the photosensitive element 302 coincides with the position of the lower corner of the rectangular conducting hole 210, or is on the bottom side of the lower corner. The length direction of the rectangle is perpendicular to the radial direction, and the center of the rectangle is located in the radial direction.

[0054] At this time, the length of its conduction time changes as follows Fig. 9 As shown, as the photosensitive element 302 moves outward, the two ends are connected, and the middle moves out of the rectangular hole to cause occlusion, thereby achieving an effect of conducting at both ends and blocking in the middle, thereby reducing the conduction time. During the rotation of the motor, the inertial feedback device 400 will cause the relative position of the position detection disk 200 and the photosensitive element 302 to change, achieving the effect of shortening the conduction time. According to the law of conservation of momentum, Ft = Mv. After the time is shortened, since the mass will not change, the speed will be reduced.

[0055] Another example Fig.14As shown, the arc is the trajectory of the photosensitive element 302 moving relative to the conductive hole 210. In actual situations, the conductive hole 210 moves. As can be seen from the figure, the photosensitive element 302 is located at different heights, and the length of the conductive hole 210 through which it passes is different. Only the stator coil winding can be turned on when it is located inside the conductive hole 210.

[0056] Alternatively, the side of the via hole 210 away from the axial end is in an arc-shaped step shape; a reference arc is drawn on the side of the via hole 210 close to the axial end, and each step gradually approaches the reference arc from one end to the other end of the via hole 210.

[0057] Alternatively, the side of the conducting hole 210 away from the axial center line end is a smooth curve gradually approaching the reference arc.

[0058] At this time, the length of its conduction time changes as Figure 8 As shown, one end is blocked and the other end is connected.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the two ends of the motor shaft are fixed to the motor body through bearings, and one end of the motor shaft 110 extends to the outside of the housing 120 to drive the wheel to rotate. The other end of the motor shaft 110 is fixedly connected to the position detection disk 200 and is located inside the housing, and can also be set outside the housing. The inertial feedback device 400 is set on the side of the position detection disk 200 close to the end of the shaft 110, that is, the shaft 110 is located on the side where the non-driven external wheel rotates. This side not only does not interfere with the stator rotor, but also facilitates the installation and fixation of the various components of the inertial feedback device 400. The function of the inertial feedback device 400 is to control the conduction time of the stator coil by detecting the change in acceleration, and then the starting speed can be controlled.

[0060] The feedback bracket 410 is used to install the inertial feedback device 400 , and a feedback sliding hole 411 is disposed on the upper portion of the feedback bracket 410 .

[0061] The feedback bracket 410 may be annular and fixedly connected to the housing of the non-driving end of the motor through the cross bar 401, or fixedly connected to the outer circumferential housing of the motor. In this case, the feedback sliding holes 411 may be evenly distributed along the circumference of the ring, and the number thereof is determined according to the number of stator coil windings. Since the photosensitive element 302 is to be controlled to move in the radial direction, the length direction of the feedback sliding hole 411 coincides with the radial direction of the rotating shaft 110.

[0062] Preferably, in order to ensure the stability of sliding, a sliding bracket 412 is provided on the circumference of the ring, and the length of the sliding bracket 412 is greater than the width of the ring-shaped feedback bracket 410, or the width of the feedback bracket 410 is set longer. Then the feedback sliding hole 411 is set on the sliding bracket 412. The sliding bracket 412 can be integrally formed with the feedback bracket 410, or can be formed by connecting and combining.

[0063] The feedback bracket can also be arc-shaped or polygonal. Or the feedback bracket is a long rod directly connected to the housing 120 at the right end, and the other end of the long rod is in the same vertical plane, and the plane is parallel to the plane where the position detection disk 200 is located.

[0064] Alternatively, only the sliding bracket 412 is provided, and the sliding bracket 412 is directly fixedly connected to the housing 120 via the cross bar 401 .

[0065] The feedback slide bar 420 is inserted into the feedback slide hole 411 and can slide in the feedback slide hole 411 along its axial direction. In the initial position, the proximal axial end of the feedback slide bar 420 abuts against the feedback cam 450 at the shortest position from the axial center. The distal axial end of the feedback slide bar 420 coincides with the proximal axial side of the conducting hole 210 and coincides with the position of the starting stator coil winding. The method for determining the position of starting or conducting the stator coil winding belongs to the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0066] In this embodiment, the feedback bracket 410 is annular, and the annular bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 120 at the right end through the cross bar 401. Feedback sliding holes 411 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the feedback bracket 410, and the length direction is the same as the radial direction of the position detection disk 200. The feedback sliding holes 411 are parallel on the same vertical plane.

[0067] In order to reset the feedback slide bar 420 , a reset spring is provided between the feedback slide bar 420 and the feedback bracket 410 to restore the position of the feedback slide bar 420 .

[0068] Preferably, the return spring 414 is arranged inside the sliding bracket 412 to prevent the cooling wind from blowing the spring and causing misoperation, resulting in a reduction in vehicle speed. At this time, the sliding bracket 412 is provided with a limit groove 413, and the limit groove 413 is opened on the side wall of the feedback sliding hole 411. The feedback slide bar 420 is provided with limit protrusions 421 on both sides, and the limit protrusions 421 are slidably inserted in the limit groove 413; the return spring 414 is arranged between the limit protrusion 421 and the lower end of the limit groove 413. As shown in the figure, the lower end of the return spring 414 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the limit groove 413, and the upper end of the return spring 414 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the limit protrusion 421. The return spring 414 adopts a tension spring, which automatically resets after being stretched.

[0069] In order to realize the driving of the feedback slide bar 420, a feedback cam 450 is used to control it. The feedback cam 450 is arranged in the middle of the feedback bracket 410. The middle of the feedback cam 450 is rotatably connected with the feedback shaft 110, and the feedback shaft 440 is fixedly connected with the housing 120. As shown in the figure, the vertical housing part at the right end of the feedback shaft 110 housing is fixedly connected. The axis of the feedback shaft 440 coincides with the axis of the feedback bracket 410 and the shaft 110.

[0070] The feedback cam 450 is a transmission component in the middle, and the power component driving the feedback slide bar 420 to move is an inertia hammer 460. The inertia hammer 460 is vertically arranged and the upper end of the inertia hammer 460 is fixedly connected to the center of the feedback cam 450.

[0071] Better yet, in order to ensure stable sliding of the feedback slide bar 420 , a track groove 452 is provided at the center of the side surface of the feedback cam 450 , and the end of the feedback slide bar 420 is slidably inserted into the track groove 452 .

[0072] Furthermore, in order to avoid the feedback bracket 410 and the feedback slide bar 420 from limiting the swing range of the inertia hammer 460, a sleeve 451 is provided on the side of the feedback cam 450 close to the housing, the sleeve 451 is rotatably connected to the feedback shaft 440, and the inertia hammer 460 is provided on the sleeve 451. At this time, the swing plane of the inertia hammer is in a different plane from the plane where the feedback bracket 410 is located, so interference can be avoided. If the swing amplitude is small, that is, the number of stator coil windings is large, and the arc of the circumference occupied by each stator winding is short, then the swing range of the inertia hammer 460 is small, and the control of the entire conduction cycle can be achieved, so the sleeve does not need to be provided at this time.

[0073] Better, in order to maintain stability, a baffle 130 is provided in front of the inertia hammer, and the inertia hammer collides with the baffle after swinging to quickly restore stability. The front is the front of the entire car, and the shaft of the motor is in the left and right direction perpendicular to the front and rear direction.

[0074] Alternatively, the inertia hammer is made of iron material. The baffle has a certain magnetism, and can only get rid of the magnetic attraction and swing when the starting torque is greater than a certain level. Therefore, the starting threshold can be set by setting the magnetic size of the baffle, and the inertial feedback device 400 is only started when the motor output torque exceeds the starting threshold during the start-up.

[0075] During straight-line driving, if the acceleration is too large, the inertia hammer 460 swings backward, and the swing can shorten the path of the photosensitive element 302 through the conducting hole 210, thereby reducing the speed. At this time, the baffle is located in front of the inertia hammer 460, and when the inertia hammer 460 is in the initial state, that is, the vertical state, the front of the inertia hammer 460 abuts against the baffle 130. When the inertia hammer 460 returns to its initial position, it is blocked by the baffle and can quickly restore the numerical state. Further, in order to quickly restore stability, the baffle is made of non-rigid material, or the outer side of the baffle is coated with flexible material, such as rubber, sponge, etc.

[0076] The time-controlled conduction switch 300 includes a light-emitting element 301 and a photosensitive element 302. The light-emitting element 301 is arranged on the side of the position detection disk 200 close to the rotor and is fixedly connected to the housing 120. The photosensitive element 302 is arranged on the side of the inertial feedback device 400 close to the end of the rotating shaft and is connected to the end of the feedback slide bar 420. The initial position of the photosensitive element 302 is flush with the side of the conduction hole 210 close to the axis. That is, the light-emitting element 301 and the photosensitive element 302 clamp the position detection disk 200 and the inertial feedback device 400 in the middle. The light-emitting element 301 can be fixedly connected to the housing through a crossbar or a bracket.

[0077] The feedback cam 450 rotates to drive the photosensitive element 302 to move outward, and the area of ​​the rotating conducting hole 210 that is conducting is reduced, thereby reducing the time for the stator coil to conduct current.

[0078] In a normal state, the feedback slide bar 420 contacts the position of the proximal point of the feedback cam 450. When the car suddenly starts with a large acceleration, the inertia hammer 460 swings backward, and then the feedback cam 450 rotates. After the feedback cam 450 rotates, the proximal point moves toward the distal point, and then the feedback slide bar 420 moves outward. At this time, the feedback slide bar 420 drives the photosensitive element 302 to move outward. According to the above description, after the photosensitive element 302 moves outward, the momentum output will be reduced, and the vehicle speed will be reduced, which will not be repeated here.

[0079] When the stator coil winding is an odd number, the number of feedback sliding holes 411 and the number of protrusions of feedback cam 450 are the same. The position of the photosensitive element 302 at the end of the feedback sliding rod 420 arranged in the feedback sliding hole 411 coincides with the start-up position of the stator coil winding.

[0080] When the stator coil winding is an even number, the number of feedback sliding holes 411 is the same as the number of stator coil windings or half of the number of stator coil windings. In order to save space and avoid interference between components, the solution in this embodiment is to set the number of feedback sliding holes 411 to half of the number of stator coil windings. Based on this,

[0081] The number of protrusions of the feedback cam 450 is the same as the number of feedback sliding holes 411. At this time, the feedback slide bar 420 is T-shaped, and the two ends of the feedback slide bar 420 are equipped with photosensitive elements 302, and the distance between the two photosensitive elements 302 is 1 / n of the circumference. That is, the two ends of the mounting frame 430 at the end of the feedback slide bar 420 are equipped with photosensitive elements 302, and the two photosensitive elements 302 correspond to the start-up conduction positions of the two stator coil windings respectively.

[0082] In this embodiment, the number of stators is 6, and there are three feedback sliding holes 411. A T-shaped feedback sliding rod 420 with a mounting bracket 430 is inserted into the feedback sliding hole 411. That is, the outer end of the feedback sliding rod 420 is provided with a branch for mounting two photosensitive elements 302.

[0083] When the number of stators is small, the inertia hammer 460 needs to swing with a large amplitude to control the entire conduction interval of the stator coil winding. At this time, the T-shaped feedback slide bar 420 with the mounting frame 430 may cause interference. Therefore, in order to avoid the above problem, when the number of stators is small, each feedback slide hole 411 is set on a different vertical plane, and at the same time, it is ensured that it is evenly distributed on the circumference when viewed in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. When the number of stators is large, the above problem will not occur.

[0084] Furthermore, in order to lock the inertial feedback device 400 , an inertial locking mechanism is also provided.

[0085] The locking body includes a slide tube 510 and a slide bolt 520. The slide tube 510 is fixedly connected to the housing 120 and extends to the outside of the housing 120; the slide bolt 520 is T-shaped, and the small end of the slide bolt 520 is slidably arranged inside the slide tube 510. The inertia hammer 460 is provided with a lock hole at the position corresponding to the slide tube 510. After the slide bolt 520 is pushed into the motor, it is inserted into the lock hole of the inertia hammer, thereby locking the inertial feedback device 400. In order to realize automatic control, the large end of the slide bolt 520 can cooperate with an electromagnet. By setting a permanent magnet at the end of the slide bolt 520, the electromagnet controls the direction of the current to realize the pushing in and pulling out of the slide bolt 520.

[0086] The control module includes an operating lever, which is arranged in the cab and is linked to a sliding bolt through a connecting rod. The operating lever is a mechanism similar to a gear or a hand brake.

[0087] When electromagnetic control is adopted, the control module includes a self-locking switch button and an electromagnetic lock 550, the lock bolt of the electromagnetic lock is connected to the slide rod, the electromagnetic lock is electrically connected to the self-locking button switch, and the self-locking button switch is set on the steering wheel. Alternatively, the self-locking button switch is set on the operation panel.

[0088] The self-locking push button switch is a self-retaining switch that remains in the closed position when pressed once and remains in the open position when pressed again.

[0089] or,

[0090] The locking body is an electromagnetic lock 550, which is fixedly connected to the housing 120. The lower end of the inertial hammer 460 is provided with a lock hole corresponding to the position of the lock bolt of the electromagnetic lock 550. By controlling the electromagnetic lock 550, the inertial feedback device 400 can be locked. At this time, the control module is a self-locking switch button, the electromagnetic lock is electrically connected to the self-locking button switch, and the self-locking button switch is set on the steering wheel;

[0091] or,

[0092] The locking mechanism is an electromagnet 560, and the inertia hammer 460 is an iron block; the upper end of the iron core of the electromagnet 560 contacts the lower end of the inertia hammer 460, and the control module is a self-locking switch button or a speed regulating switch. The electromagnetic lock is electrically connected to the self-locking button switch or the speed regulating switch, and the self-locking button switch is arranged on the steering wheel and the operating panel of the cab. By setting the magnitude of the electromagnet conduction current to adjust the attraction of the electromagnet, not only the purpose of locking can be achieved, but also the purpose of adjusting the start threshold of the inertial feedback device 400 can be achieved. The speed regulating switch can adopt the speed regulating switch of a household electric fan.

[0093] By applying this motor to automobiles, the problem of over-starting can be effectively prevented, thereby ensuring the safety of drivers and passengers and others.

[0094] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification. All so-called equal changes and modifications of the shapes, structures, features and spirits described in the scope of the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slow-start permanent magnet motor, comprising a housing (120), a permanent magnet rotor and a stator arranged inside the housing (120), wherein a rotating shaft (110) is arranged at the axis of the permanent magnet rotor, and a coil winding is wound around the stator, characterized in that: It comprises a position detection disk (200), a time-controlled conduction switch (300) and an inertial feedback device (400); The position detection disk (200) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft (110), and a conducting hole (210) is provided on the position detection disk (200), and the conducting hole (210) occupies 1 / n of the circumference in the circumferential direction, where n is the number of stator coil windings; The inertial feedback device (400) is arranged on one side of the position detection disk (200) close to the end of the rotating shaft (110); The inertial feedback device (400) comprises: A feedback bracket (410) is fixedly connected to the housing (120), and a feedback sliding hole (411) is provided on the feedback bracket (410); the length direction of the feedback sliding hole (411) is the same as the radial direction of the position detection disk (200) and is evenly distributed on the circumference; A feedback shaft (440), the axis of which coincides with the axis of the feedback bracket (410) and the shaft (110) and is fixedly connected to the housing (120); A feedback cam (450) is rotationally connected to the feedback shaft (440); An inertia hammer (460) is vertically arranged and the upper end of the inertia hammer (460) is fixedly connected to the center of the feedback cam (450); a baffle (130) is provided at the front end of the inertia hammer (460); The feedback slide rod (420) is inserted into the feedback slide hole (411), and the end proximal to the axis abuts against the feedback cam (450) at the shortest position from the axis; A return spring is provided between the feedback slide bar (420) and the feedback bracket (410) to restore the position of the feedback slide bar (420); An inertial locking mechanism, wherein the inertial locking mechanism is an electromagnetic lock (550) fixedly connected to the housing (120), and a lock hole (461) is provided at the lower end of the inertial hammer (460) corresponding to the position of the lock bolt of the electromagnetic lock (550); The time-controlled conduction switch (300) comprises: A light emitting element (301) is disposed on a side of the position detection disk (200) close to the rotor and is fixedly connected to the housing (120); A photosensitive element (302) is disposed on a side of the inertial feedback device (400) close to the end of the rotating shaft and connected to the end of the feedback slide bar (420). The initial position of the photosensitive element (302) is flush with a side of the conducting hole (210) close to the axis. The feedback cam (450) rotates to drive the photosensitive element (302) to move outward, and at this time, the area of ​​the rotating conducting hole (210) that is conducting is reduced, thereby reducing the time for the stator coil to conduct current.

2. A slow-start permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conducting hole (210) is rectangular.

3. A slow-start permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the stator coil winding is an odd number, the number of feedback sliding holes (411) and the number of protrusions of the feedback cam (450) are the same; When the stator coil winding is an even number, the number of feedback sliding holes (411) is the same as the number of stator coil windings or half the number of stator coil windings; the number of protrusions of the feedback cam (450) is the same as the number of feedback sliding holes (411), and at this time, the feedback slide bar (420) is T-shaped, and photosensitive elements (302) are installed at both ends of the large end of the feedback slide bar (420), and the distance between the two photosensitive elements (302) is 1 / n of the circumference.

4. A slow-start permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feedback sliding holes (411) are located on different vertical planes.

5. A slow-start permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A track groove (452) is provided at the center of the side surface of the feedback cam (450), and the end of the feedback slide bar (420) is slidably inserted into the track groove (452).

6. A slow-start permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shaft sleeve (451) is provided on a side of the feedback cam (450) close to the housing. The shaft sleeve (451) is rotatably connected to the feedback shaft (440), and the inertia hammer (460) is arranged on the shaft sleeve (451).

7. A slow-start permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the conducting hole (210) away from the axial end is in an arc-shaped step shape; a reference arc is drawn on the side of the conducting hole (210) close to the axial end, and each step gradually approaches the reference arc from one end to the other end of the conducting hole (210).

8. The slow-start permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feedback bracket (410) is provided with a sliding bracket (412), and the length of the sliding bracket (412) is greater than the width of the annular surface of the feedback bracket (410); the feedback sliding hole (411) is provided on the feedback bracket (410); The sliding bracket (412) is provided with a limiting groove (413), and the limiting groove (413) is opened on the side wall of the feedback sliding hole (411); The feedback slide bar (420) is provided with limiting protrusions (421) on both sides, and the limiting protrusions (421) are slidably inserted into the limiting grooves (413); The return spring (414) is arranged between the limiting protrusion (421) and the lower end of the limiting groove (413).

9. The slow-start permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the conducting hole (210) away from the axial end is in an arc-shaped step shape; a reference arc is drawn on the side of the conducting hole (210) close to the axial end, and the side of the conducting hole (210) away from the axial end is a smooth curve that gradually approaches the reference arc.

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