Slit Wettability Testing Device and Method for a Microstructure Tool

Abstract

The present invention discloses a slit wetting performance testing device and method for a microstructured tool. The device includes a slit regulation assembly, a balance regulation assembly, a mounting bracket, a liquid spraying regulation assembly, and an angle observation assembly. The slit regulation assembly and the liquid spraying regulation assembly are both installed on the workbench of the mounting bracket. The balance regulation assembly is installed on the mounting bracket and is used for the levelness of the workbench. The inner slit regulation assembly includes a workpiece simulation assembly, a tool simulation assembly, and a driving assembly; the workpiece simulation assembly includes a bracket, a rotating shaft, and a workpiece simulation plate; the tool simulation assembly includes a lifting platform and a guide rod; the present invention forms a slit with an adjustable included angle between the workpiece simulation block and the tool simulation block with microstructures, simulates the machining state between the tool with microstructures and the workpiece, and determines the tool with what type of rake angle is suitable for the measured microstructure and the measured material based on the shape of the cutting fluid droplet after it stabilizes in the slit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of surface wetting property measurement, and relates to a slit wetting performance test device and method for a microstructured tool. Technical Background

[0002] In the past decade, the exploration and research on the characteristics of microstructured surfaces and their multifunctionalization based on the concept of bionics have always been the focus of attention. When bionic microstructures are applied to tools and other items, issues such as cutting fluid and friction must be considered. Therefore, it is necessary to study the influence mechanism of bionic microstructured wettability on fluid infiltration and interfacial friction. According to statistics, one-third of non-renewable energy is lost due to friction, 80% of mechanical equipment and components age and fail due to friction and wear, and 50% of serious accidents caused by mechanical equipment failures are due to lubrication failure. With the rapid development of micro-nano technology, the latest developments in miniaturized systems such as high-precision machinery, micro-electromechanical systems, and micro-robots in the fields of communication, aerospace, biomedicine, and chips have put forward more stringent requirements for the lubrication, protection, and anti-friction and wear-reducing performance of friction pairs at the microscale. Microstructured systems have the characteristics of light weight, small gap, and large surface area ratio. The surface microscopic force plays a dominant role in the friction characteristics, and the tribological performance is extremely vulnerable to the uneven distribution of lubricating fluid at the friction interface and the interaction force between the lubricating fluid and the friction interface.

[0003] At present, there are many studies and applications on bionic microstructures. Publication No. CN111700663A proposes a bionic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of dung beetles and its preparation method. In the preparation of the tool, a texture array imitating the surface microstructure of dung beetles is machined in the tool-chip contact area. Among them, the friction on the tool-chip contact surface and the infiltration of cutting fluid will be considered. Publication No. CN113043682A discloses a bionic microstructured fiber metal laminate that can achieve resin self-infiltration, belonging to the field of sheet composite materials. This structure can effectively improve the problem that resins are not easily infiltrated into the deep blind holes or pits on the surface of the metal layer of the fiber metal laminate, and enhance the interfacial bonding performance between the metal matrix and the fiber prepreg. In addition, for the study of the wetting performance of microstructures in cutting slits, Publication No. CN108982299A discloses a method for judging the wetting state of a microstructured surface based on the principle of total reflection, which reflects the water-repellent characteristics of the solid surface by judging the light reflection state of the liquid droplets on the solid surface. From the above publication numbers, it can be seen that in the current research on bionic microstructures, the research on the wetting characteristic mechanism of microstructures for cutting fluid in slits is relatively less, and there is a lack of experimental devices and experimental methods specifically for the study of microstructured wetting characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on experiments studying the influence mechanism of the wettability of bionic microstructures on fluid infiltration and interfacial friction, the present invention provides an experimental device and an experimental scheme for observing and analyzing the wetting characteristics of cutting fluid by simulating a slit in static contact at the tool-chip interface. By controlling and changing the slit angle and the droplet incident angle between the slits of the tool-chip interface simulation, the influence of different slit angles on the wetting characteristics of the droplet is studied.

[0005] A slit wetting performance testing device for a microstructured tool includes a slit regulation component, a balance regulation component, a mounting bracket, a liquid spraying regulation component, and an angle observation component. The slit regulation component and the liquid spraying regulation component are both installed on the workbench of the mounting bracket. The balance regulation component is installed on the mounting bracket and is used to adjust the levelness of the workbench.

[0006] The inner slit regulation component includes a workpiece simulation component, a tool simulation component, and a driving component; the workpiece simulation component includes a bracket, a rotating shaft, and a workpiece simulation plate; the bracket is fixed on the workbench. The inner end of the workpiece simulation plate is rotatably connected to the bracket through the rotating shaft. The tool simulation component includes a lifting platform and a guide rod; the lifting platform is slidably connected to the guide rod fixed on the workbench. On the top surface of the lifting platform, a tool simulation plate can be detachably installed on one side close to the workpiece simulation component; during the working process, a tested material with the tested microstructure on the top surface is used as the tool simulation plate. The bottom surface of the workpiece simulation plate abuts against the edge of the tool simulation plate. The lifting platform is driven by the driving component to perform a lifting movement, driving the workpiece simulation plate to flip and adjusting the included angle between the workpiece simulation plate and the tool simulation plate.

[0007] The liquid spraying regulation component can spray atomized cutting fluid at the connection between the workpiece simulation plate and the tool simulation plate.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting bracket includes a base, a workbench, a platform rotating shaft, a circular spirit level, and a balance adjusting nut; the top of the base and the bottom surface of the workbench form a rotating pair through the platform rotating shaft; the workbench is equipped with a set screw; the set screw abuts against the platform rotating shaft fixed to the base.

[0009] Preferably, the balance regulation component includes a second gear reduction box, a balance angle knob, and a rotating shaft connecting ring; the output shaft of the second gear reduction box is fixed to the workbench of the mounting bracket through the rotating shaft connecting ring. There are two-stage reduction gears in the second gear reduction box; the balance angle knob is fixed on the output shaft of the second gear reduction box.

[0010] Preferably, the workpiece simulation plate is made of transparent glass.

[0011] Preferably, the driving component includes a first gear reduction box, a first-stage bevel gear transmission component, a lifting power shaft, a slit angle knob, and a lead screw. The first gear reduction box is installed on the workbench. The slit angle knob is fixed on the input shaft of the first gear reduction box. The lifting power shaft is rotatably connected to the workbench. The top end of the lifting power shaft is coaxially fixed to the lead screw; the lifting power shaft is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the first gear reduction box through the first-stage bevel gear transmission component. The lead screw and the nut fixed on the lifting platform form a screw pair.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid spraying and regulating component includes an arc rack, a nozzle transmission block, a droplet nozzle, and a nozzle handwheel; an arc-shaped chute is arranged inside the nozzle transmission block; the arc-shaped chute of the nozzle transmission block cooperates with the arc rack to form a sliding pair. A transmission gear is rotatably connected inside the nozzle transmission block. The transmission gear fits with the arc rack; the transmission gear is fixed to the nozzle handwheel outside the nozzle transmission block. The droplet nozzle is fixed on the nozzle transmission block and faces the connection between the workpiece simulation plate and the tool simulation plate.

[0013] A method for testing the slit wetting performance of a micro-structured tool, using the aforementioned testing device, includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Install the tool simulation plate with the micro-structure to be measured on the lifting platform.

[0015] Step 2: Obtain wetting parameters.

[0016] By controlling the lifting of the tool simulation plate, the slit angle α between the tool simulation plate and the workpiece simulation plate is adjusted multiple times i ; for each slit angle α i a slit wetting test is carried out once.

[0017] The specific process of the slit wetting test is as follows: Use the droplet nozzle to spray atomized cutting fluid into the slit between the tool simulation plate and the workpiece simulation block, and collect the contact angle of the droplet after its shape stabilizes in the slit and the droplet slit distance

[0018] Step 3: Performance evaluation

[0019] Calculate the droplet curvature radius ρ i at different slit angles α i as follows:

[0020]

[0021] For the droplet curvature radius ρ i and the slit angle α i perform combination and linear fitting to obtain the curvature radius trend line; extract the ordinate ρ m of the midpoint of the curvature radius trend line and the slope kρ ; The ordinate ρ of the midpoint m The smaller it is, the better the wettability of the measured material with the measured microstructure. If k ρ < 0, it means that the wettability of the measured material with the measured microstructure increases with the increase of the slit angle, and the measured material with the measured microstructure is suitable for cutting tools with large rake angles. If k ρ > 0, it means that the wettability of the measured material with the measured microstructure weakens with the increase of the slit angle, and the material and microstructure are suitable for cutting tools with small or negative rake angles.

[0022] Preferably, the slit included angle a i A total of 80 are taken; they are 10°, 11°, ..., 89° respectively.

[0023] Preferably, the contact angle and the droplet slit distance are obtained by image recognition after collecting images with a super-depth-of-field microscope in cooperation with a camera.

[0024] Preferably, the contact angle and the droplet slit distance both take the mean value of multiple test results in the same test or different tests.

[0025] Preferably, in step four, for the droplet curvature radius ρ i and the slit angle a i perform curve fitting to obtain a relationship fitting curve. Set the relationship fitting curve and the threshold horizontal line in the same plane rectangular coordinate system; the ordinate of the threshold horizontal line is the preset maximum curvature radius allowed for processing; the abscissa interval corresponding to the part of the relationship fitting curve below the threshold horizontal line is used as the tool-chip interface angle allowable interval; when the tool made of the measured material with the measured microstructure is in processing, the angle between the cutting edge and the workpiece is kept within the tool-chip interface angle allowable interval.

[0026] Preferably, in step four, according to the contact angles i corresponding to different slit angles a draw a scatter plot with the abscissa being the slit angle a i , and the ordinate being the contact angle , and perform linear fitting on the discrete points in the scatter plot to obtain a contact angle trend line.

[0027] Judge the wettability of the measured material with the measured microstructure according to the ordinate of the midpoint and the slope k of the contact angle trend line.

[0028] If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the measured material with the measured microstructure exhibits hydrophilicity.

[0029] If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the material under test with the microstructure under test exhibits hydrophobicity.

[0030] If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the material under test with the microstructure under test exhibits superhydrophilicity.

[0031] If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the material under test with the microstructure under test exhibits superhydrophobicity.

[0032] If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the material under test with the microstructure under test exhibits neutrality.

[0033] If |k| > 0.1, it indicates that the tool-chip cross-section angle has a significant influence on the wettability of the material under test with the microstructure under test.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] The present invention uses a workpiece simulation block and a tool simulation block with a microstructure to form a slit with an adjustable included angle, simulates the machining state between the tool with the microstructure and the workpiece, and uses the shape of the cutting fluid droplet after stabilization in the slit to judge which type of rake angle tool the microstructure under test and the material under test are suitable for, and can provide guidance for the control of the tool-chip interface included angle during the workpiece machining process. Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting bracket in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the balance control component in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slit control component in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid spraying control component in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the shape of the droplet in the slit. Detailed Embodiments

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0043] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a test device for the slit wetting performance of a micro-structured tool can quantitatively set the slit angle and the incident angle of atomized droplets, so as to simulate the state of slit wetting at the tool-chip interface during the cutting process and realize the test of the slit wetting performance. The device for testing the wetting performance of a micro-structured tool in a cutting slit includes a slit control component 1, a balance control component 2, a mounting bracket 3, a liquid spraying control component 4 and an angle observation component. The slit control component 1 and the liquid spraying control component 4 are both installed on the workbench of the mounting bracket 3. The balance control component 2 is installed on the mounting bracket 3 and is used to adjust the level of the workbench.

[0044] As Figure 2 shown, the mounting bracket 3 includes a base 302, a workbench 301, a platform rotating shaft 305, a circular level 303 and a balance adjusting nut 304; the top of the base 302 and the bottom surface of the workbench 301 form a rotating pair through the platform rotating shaft 305; a set screw is installed on the workbench 301; the set screw abuts against the platform rotating shaft 305 fixed to the base 302 to lock the angle of the workbench 301. The base 302 and the platform rotating shaft 305 are fixed by bonding.

[0045] As Figure 3 shown, the balance control component 2 includes a second gear reduction box, a balance angle knob 201 and a rotating shaft connecting ring 202; the output shaft of the second gear reduction box is welded and fixed to the workbench 301 through the rotating shaft connecting ring 202. There are two-stage reduction gears in the second gear reduction box; all the gear rotating shafts in the second gear reduction box are connected to the box body through bearings and positioning pins. The balance angle knob 201 is fixed on the output shaft of the second gear reduction box.

[0046] As Figure 4 shown, the slit control component 1 includes a workpiece simulation component, a tool simulation component and a driving component; the workpiece simulation component includes a bracket, a rotating shaft and a workpiece simulation plate 107; the bracket is fixed on the workbench 301. The inner end of the workpiece simulation plate 107 is rotatably connected to the bracket through the rotating shaft. The workpiece simulation plate 107 is made of transparent glass to facilitate the observation of the cutting fluid in the slit.

[0047] The tool simulation assembly includes a lifting platform 109, a tool simulation board 108, a guide rod 110 and a latch component; two guide rods 110 are vertically fixed on the workbench 301. The lifting platform 109 is slidably connected to the two guide rods 110. The tool simulation board 108 is detachably fixed to the side of the top surface of the lifting platform 109 close to the workpiece simulation assembly through a latch component; the edge of the tool simulation board 108 is in contact with the bottom surface of the workpiece simulation board 107. An acute-angled slit is formed between the tool simulation board 108 and the workpiece simulation board 107. The lifting and lowering of the workpiece simulation board 107 can drive the workpiece simulation board 107 to flip up and down, thereby adjusting the angle between the tool simulation board 108 and the workpiece simulation board 107. The material of the tool simulation board 108 is consistent with that of the target tool, and the top surface is provided with the same microstructure as the target tool.

[0048] The lifting platform 109 is driven by a driving assembly to perform lifting motion; the driving assembly includes a first gear reduction box 101, a first-stage bevel gear transmission member 103, a lifting power shaft 104, a slit angle knob 102 and a lead screw 111. The first gear reduction box 101 is mounted on the workbench 301. The slit angle knob 102 is fixed on the input shaft of the first gear reduction box 101. The lifting power shaft 104 is rotatably connected to the workbench 301. The top end of the lifting power shaft 104 is coaxially fixed with the lead screw 111; the lifting power shaft 104 is connected to the output shaft of the first gear reduction box 101 through a first-stage bevel gear transmission member 103. The lead screw 111 and the nut fixed on the lifting platform 109 form a spiral pair.

[0049] The liquid spray control assembly 4 includes an arc-shaped rack 401, a nozzle transmission block 404, a droplet nozzle 403 and a nozzle handwheel 402; an arc-shaped slide groove is provided in the nozzle transmission block 404; the arc-shaped slide groove of the nozzle transmission block 404 cooperates with the arc-shaped rack 401 to form a sliding pair that slides along the arc direction. A transmission gear is rotatably connected in the nozzle transmission block 404. The transmission gear fits the arc-shaped rack 401; the transmission gear is fixed to the nozzle handwheel 402 outside the nozzle transmission block 404. The droplet nozzle 403 is fixed to the nozzle transmission block 404 and faces the connection between the workpiece simulation board 107 and the tool simulation board 108. During installation, the straight line where the spray direction of the droplet nozzle 403 is located is collinear with the straight line in the radial direction of the arc-shaped rack 401.

[0050] The angle observation assembly includes a slit angle scale plate 405, a rack angle scale, and a balance angle scale; the slit angle scale plate 405 is glued to the workbench, and the angle circular groove is coaxially installed with the rotating shaft; the rack angle scale is distributed on the side of the arc-shaped rack, and the balance angle scale is distributed on the balance angle knob.

[0051] Among them, the gear reducer includes a transmission gear Z ab(a is the serial number of the reduction gearbox, a = 1, 2; b is the gear number, b = 1, 2, 3, 4; module M Zab = 1, pressure angle α Zab = 20°, where the number of teeth are Z 11 = 16, Z 12 = 20, Z 13 = 40, Z 14 = 40, Z 21 = 10, Z 22 = 20, Z 23 = 20, Z 24 = 30)

[0052] The reduction ratio of the first gear reduction box The reduction ratio of the second gear reduction box

[0053] Meanwhile, the above first-stage bevel gear transmission component includes a standard fit of two straight bevel gears with a module of 1, a pressure angle of 20°, and a number of teeth of 30.

[0054] The pitch of the lead screw is P = 1 mm, and the tooth thickness is 0.5 mm for rectangular screw threads. The rotational speed of the lead screw and the lifting height of the slider metal sheet satisfy the formula

[0055] h = pnt

[0056] (where t is the unit time; n is the rotational speed of the lead screw)

[0057] The lifting height h of the slider metal sheet and the included angle of the tool-chip interface slit satisfy the formula

[0058]

[0059] (where i = 10, 11... 90, is the group number of the tool-chip interface included angle; d is the thickness of the tool simulation plate 108, and also the distance from the side plane of the tool simulation plate 108 to the center of the workpiece simulation plate rotation axis, d = 5 mm)

[0060] Based on the above, the rotation angle β of the slit angle knob x and the included angle a of the tool-chip interface slit i satisfy the formula

[0061]

[0062] In addition, the rotation angle β of the balance angle knob p and the balance angle a of the workbench j satisfy the formula

[0063]

[0064] (with the horizontal angle 0° as the reference, a jThe corner range is [-45°, 45°])

[0065] In addition, the module M of both the arc rack and the transmission gear is 1, and the pressure angle α is 20°. The number of teeth Z of the arc rack h = 140, and the number of teeth Z of the transmission gear c = 10, and the transmission ratio i 3 = 14.

[0066] The included angle a between the injection center line and the plane of the tool simulation plate 108 k and the handwheel rotation angle β s satisfy the formula

[0067] a k = β s i 3

[0068] (Based on the horizontal angle of 0°, the rotation range of a k is [10°, 90°])

[0069] In the actual industrial production and processing process, when the cutting fluid is supplied to the cutting slit, the injection direction has no meaning when the included angle with the copy tool is less than 10°. At the same time, studying the wetting characteristics during the small-angle cutting of the copy tool is of little significance for actual production and processing. Therefore, the minimum included angle between the copy tool and the cutting fluid injection of this equipment is set to 10°.

[0070] The process of testing the wetting performance of the tool slit using the testing device for the wetting performance of the micro-structured tool in the cutting slit is as follows:

[0071] Step 1. Installation and adjustment link:

[0072] 1-1. Adjust the horizontal state of the device: Place the experimental device and adjust the height of the balance adjustment nut through the circular spirit level to make the device in a horizontal state.

[0073] 1-2. Adjust the balance angle of the installation platform: Rotate the balance angle knob, observe the reading of the balance angle scale, adjust the device platform to the horizontal angle, and tighten the locking screw to fix it.

[0074] 1-3. Adjust the slit assembly: Fix the tool simulation plate with micro-structure on the lifting platform through the pin component, so that the workpiece simulation plate abuts against the tool simulation plate; rotate the slit angle knob, adjust the height of the lifting platform, and adjust the included angle between the tool simulation plate and the workpiece simulation plate to 0°.

[0075] 1-4. Adjust the included angle a between the injection center line of the droplet nozzle 403 and the plane of the tool simulation plate 108 through the nozzle handwheel k , so that the included angle a k = 10°.

[0076] 1 - 5. Arrange the ultra - depth - of - field microscope so that it can capture the cutting fluid between the tool simulation plate and the workpiece simulation plate.

[0077] Step Two: Parameter Setting

[0078] Rotate the slit angle knob to adjust the height of the tool simulation plate, and then successively adjust the angle between the tool simulation plate and the workpiece simulation block to the preset slit angles \(a\) of each tool - chip interface. i ; The slit angle \(a\) i With \(1^{\circ}\) as the minimum interval unit, a total of 80 groups are set; \(i\) is the angle group number; \(a\) i = 10°, 11°, …, 89°. For each slit angle \(a\) i , a slit wetting test is carried out once.

[0079] The specific process of the slit wetting test is as follows: Use the droplet nozzle 403 to spray the atomized cutting fluid into the slit between the tool simulation plate and the workpiece simulation block; Record the contact angle \(\theta\) between the droplet and the tool simulation plate in the slit i and the change of the droplet - slit distance \(d\) i over time, and feedback the dynamic change of the data to the PC side. The sampling time interval \(T = 0.03s\). The droplet - slit distance \(d\) i is the distance between the droplet and the tip of the slit (i.e., the contact line between the tool simulation plate and the workpiece simulation plate). The shape of the droplet in the slit is as Figure 6 shown.

[0080] Step Three: Data Processing

[0081] 3 - 1. Utilize the numerical values of the contact angle \(\theta\) i and the droplet - slit distance \(d\) i collected at each sampling time point to respectively fit the curves \(\theta\) i -t and \(d\) i -t of the contact angle \(\theta\) i and the droplet - slit distance \(d\) i changing with time.

[0082] 3 - 2. Select 10 contact angles \(\theta\) i at the position where the slope of the curve \(\theta\) it -t approaches 0; Select 10 droplet - slit distances \(d\) i at the position where the slope of the curve \(d\) it -t approaches 0. Calculate the average contact angle Average droplet - slit distance

[0083] 3 - 3. For the same slit angle \(a\)i Perform five slit wetting tests to obtain five mean contact angles θ jT ; j = 1, 2, ..., 5; mean contact angle as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Step Four: Performance evaluation

[0086] 4-1. According to different slit angles a i corresponding mean contact angles Plot a scatter diagram with the slit angle a on the abscissa i and the mean contact angle on the ordinate and perform a linear fit on the discrete points in the scatter diagram to obtain the contact angle trend line.

[0087] 4-2. Judge the wettability of the tested material and microstructure for different tool-chip cross-section angles according to the ordinate of the midpoint and the slope k of the contact angle trend line.

[0088] If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the tested material with the tested microstructure exhibits hydrophilicity.

[0089] If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the tested material with the tested microstructure exhibits hydrophobicity.

[0090] If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the tested material with the tested microstructure exhibits superhydrophilicity.

[0091] If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the tested material with the tested microstructure exhibits superhydrophobicity.

[0092] If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the tested material with the tested microstructure exhibits neutrality.

[0093] If |k| > 0.1, it indicates that the tool-chip cross-section angle has a significant influence on the wettability of the tested material with the tested microstructure.

[0094] 4-3. Calculate the droplet curvature radius ρ i at different slit angles a i as follows:

[0095]

[0096] For the droplet curvature radius ρ i and the slit angle a i ​Perform curve fitting and straight line fitting respectively to obtain a relationship fitting curve and a curvature radius trend line; extract the ordinate ρ of the midpoint of the curvature radius trend line m and the slope k ρ ; the smaller the ordinate ρ of the midpoint m , the better the wetting performance of the measured material with the measured microstructure. If k ρ < 0, it means that the wetting performance of the measured material with the measured microstructure increases with the increase of the slit angle, and this material and microstructure are suitable for large rake angle cutting tools. If k ρ > 0, it means that the wetting performance of the measured material with the measured microstructure weakens with the increase of the slit angle, and this material and microstructure are suitable for small rake angle and negative rake angle cutting tools. If k ρ = 0 or k ρ → 0, it means that the slit angle does not affect or has little effect on the wetting performance of the measured material with the measured microstructure, and this microstructure can be suitable for any tool.

[0097] Set the relationship fitting curve and the threshold horizontal line in the same plane rectangular coordinate system; the ordinate of the threshold horizontal line is the preset maximum curvature radius allowed for processing; take the abscissa interval corresponding to the part of the relationship fitting curve below the threshold horizontal line as the tool-chip interface angle permission interval; when the tool made of the measured material with the measured microstructure is in processing, the angle between the cutting edge and the workpiece is kept within the tool-chip interface angle permission interval to ensure that the tool obtains sufficient cooling and lubrication during the processing.

Claims

1. A testing device for the slit wetting performance of a microstructured tool, comprising a slit regulation component (1), a balance regulation component (2), a mounting bracket (3), a liquid spraying regulation component (4) and an angle observation component; Characterized in that: The said slit regulation component (1) and the liquid spraying regulation component (4) are both installed on the workbench of the mounting bracket (3); the balance regulation component (2) is installed on the mounting bracket (3) for adjusting the levelness of the workbench; The said slit regulation component (1) includes a workpiece simulation component, a tool simulation component and a driving component; the workpiece simulation component includes a bracket, a rotating shaft and a workpiece simulation plate (107); the bracket is fixed on the workbench (301); the inner end of the workpiece simulation plate (107) is rotatably connected to the bracket through the rotating shaft; the said tool simulation component includes a lifting platform (109) and a guide rod (110); the lifting platform (109) is slidably connected to the guide rod (110) fixed on the workbench (301); on the top surface of the lifting platform (109) near one side of the workpiece simulation component, a tool simulation plate (108) can be detachably installed; during the working process, a tested material with a tested microstructure on its top surface is used as the tool simulation plate (108); the bottom surface of the workpiece simulation plate (107) abuts against the edge of the tool simulation plate (108); the lifting platform (109) is driven by the driving component to perform a lifting motion, driving the workpiece simulation plate (107) to flip and adjusting the included angle between the workpiece simulation plate (107) and the tool simulation plate (108); The said liquid spraying regulation component (4) can spray atomized cutting fluid towards the connection part between the workpiece simulation plate (107) and the tool simulation plate (108).

2. The testing device for the slit wetting performance of a microstructured tool according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The said mounting bracket (3) includes a base (302), a workbench (301), a platform rotating shaft (305), a circular spirit level (303) and a balance adjustment nut (304); the top of the base (302) and the bottom surface of the workbench (301) form a rotating pair through the platform rotating shaft (305); the workbench (301) is equipped with a set screw; the set screw abuts against the platform rotating shaft (305) fixed to the base (302).

3. The testing device for the slit wetting performance of a microstructured tool according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The said balance regulation component (2) includes a second gear reduction box, a balance angle knob (201), a rotating shaft connecting ring (202); the output shaft of the second gear reduction box is fixed to the workbench of the mounting bracket (3) through the rotating shaft connecting ring (202); there are two-stage reduction gears in the second gear reduction box; the balance angle knob (201) is fixed on the output shaft of the second gear reduction box.

4. The testing device for the slit wetting performance of a microstructured tool according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The material of the said workpiece simulation plate (107) is made of transparent glass.

5. The testing device for the slit wetting performance of a microstructured tool according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The described driving assembly includes a first gear reduction box (101), a first-stage bevel gear transmission (103), a lifting power shaft (104), a slit angle knob (102), and a lead screw (111); the first gear reduction box (101) is installed on the workbench (301); the slit angle knob (102) is fixed on the input shaft of the first gear reduction box (101); the lifting power shaft (104) is rotatably connected to the workbench (301); the top end of the lifting power shaft (104) is coaxially fixed to the lead screw (111); the lifting power shaft (104) is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the first gear reduction box (101) through the first-stage bevel gear transmission (103); the lead screw (111) and the nut fixed on the lifting platform (109) form a screw pair.

6. The slit wetting performance testing device for a micro-structured tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the described liquid spraying control assembly (4) includes an arc-shaped rack (401), a spray head transmission block (404), a droplet spray head (403), and a spray head handwheel (402); an arc-shaped sliding groove is provided inside the spray head transmission block (404); the arc-shaped sliding groove of the spray head transmission block (404) cooperates with the arc-shaped rack (401) to form a sliding pair; a transmission gear is rotatably connected inside the spray head transmission block (404); the transmission gear fits with the arc-shaped rack (401); the transmission gear is fixed to the spray head handwheel (402) outside the spray head transmission block (404); the droplet spray head (403) is fixed to the spray head transmission block (404) and faces the connection between the workpiece simulation plate (107) and the tool simulation plate (108).

7. A method for testing the slit wetting performance of a micro-structured tool, characterized in that: using the slit wetting performance testing device for a micro-structured tool according to claim 1, Step 1: Install the tool simulation plate with the measured micro-structure on the lifting platform (109); Step 2: Obtain wetting parameters; By controlling the lifting of the tool simulation plate, the slit angle a between the tool simulation plate and the workpiece simulation plate is adjusted multiple times i ; For each slit angle a i A slit wetting test is carried out once; The specific process of the slit wetting test is as follows: Use a droplet nozzle (403) to spray atomized cutting fluid into the slit between the tool simulation plate and the workpiece simulation block, and collect the contact angle and the droplet slit distance after the shape of the droplet in the slit becomes stable. and the droplet slit distance Step 3: Performance evaluation link Calculate the droplet curvature radius ρ at different slit angles a i as follows: i as follows: For the droplet curvature radius ρ i and the slit angle a i perform combined and linear fitting to obtain the curvature radius trend line; extract the ordinate ρ m of the midpoint of the curvature radius trend line and the slope k ρ ; the smaller the ordinate ρ m of the midpoint, the better the wetting performance of the measured material with the measured microstructure; if k ρ < 0, it means that the wetting performance of the measured material with the measured microstructure increases with the increase of the slit angle, and the measured material with the measured microstructure is suitable for cutting tools with large rake angles; if k ρ > 0, it means that the wetting performance of the measured material with the measured microstructure weakens with the increase of the slit angle, and the material and microstructure are suitable for cutting tools with small or negative rake angles.

8. The method for testing the slit wetting performance of a micro-structured tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The contact angle described and the droplet slit distance are obtained by collecting images with an ultra-depth-of-field microscope in cooperation with a camera and then performing image recognition.

9. The method for testing the slit wetting performance of a micro-structured tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: In Step 4, it also targets the droplet curvature radius ρ i and the slit angle a i to perform curve fitting to obtain a relationship fitting curve; the relationship fitting curve and the threshold horizontal line are set in the same plane rectangular coordinate system; the ordinate of the threshold horizontal line is the preset maximum curvature radius allowed for machining; the abscissa interval corresponding to the part of the relationship fitting curve below the threshold horizontal line is used as the tool-chip interface angle permission interval; when machining a tool prepared from a measured material with the measured microstructure, the angle between the cutting edge and the workpiece is maintained within the tool-chip interface angle permission interval.

10. The method for testing the slit wetting performance of a micro-structured tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: In Step 4, according to different slit angles a i the corresponding contact angle a scatter plot is drawn with the slit angle a i as the abscissa and the contact angle as the ordinate, and the discrete points in the scatter plot are linearly fitted to obtain a contact angle trend line; According to the ordinate of the midpoint of the contact angle trend line and the slope k, determine the wettability of the material under test with the microstructure under test; If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the material under test with the microstructure under test exhibits hydrophilicity; If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the material under test with the microstructure under test is hydrophobic; If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the material under test with the microstructure under test exhibits superhydrophilicity; If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the material under test with the microstructure under test exhibits superhydrophobicity; If -0.1 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 and then the material under test with the microstructure under test is neutral; If |k| > 0.1, it indicates that the tool-chip cross-section angle has a significant effect on the wettability of the measured material with the measured micro-structure.

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