Backup power module management unit

Abstract

The present invention discloses a backup power module management unit, which belongs to the field of power management, and includes a constant current constant voltage charging unit and a boost unit, wherein the constant current constant voltage charging unit is connected to the boost unit. The present invention reduces the size, cost and complexity, can realize two modes of operation, namely, a charging mode and a backup mode, ensures the stability of the system, realizes light load high efficiency, improves the conversion efficiency of the super capacitor module, and realizes the effect of flexible configuration of the super capacitor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power management, and more specifically, to a backup power module management unit. Background Art

[0002] In the backup power module management technology, the supercapacitor module not only has all the characteristics of the supercapacitor monomer, but also has the function of monitoring the working status, which can better realize the advantages of maintenance-free and easy maintenance. The main uses of the supercapacitor module are as follows: the power balance power supply of the lifting device can provide ultra-large current power; the vehicle starting power supply, the starting efficiency and reliability are higher than the traditional battery, and can completely or partially replace the traditional battery; the vehicle traction energy can produce electric vehicles, replace the traditional internal combustion engine, and transform the existing trolleybus; in the military, it can ensure the smooth start of tanks, armored vehicles and other vehicles (especially in the cold winter), as a pulse energy for laser weapons; in addition, it can also be used for energy storage energy of other electromechanical equipment, etc.

[0003] The supercapacitor module has fast charging speed, high charging and discharging efficiency, high power density, wide operating temperature range, and can be used in the temperature range of -40℃~+65℃. It has good ultra-low temperature characteristics and can work in an environment of minus 40℃. It is completely maintenance-free, does not pollute the environment, and is green and environmentally friendly. However, the current backup power module management unit has the problems of large size, high cost and high complexity, low efficiency in cold outdoor conditions, long charging time, and easy damage if not charged or discharged for a long time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a backup power supply module management unit, which reduces the size, cost and complexity, can realize two modes of operation, charging mode and backup mode, ensure the stability of the system, and at the same time achieve high efficiency under light load, improve the conversion efficiency of the supercapacitor module, and achieve the effect of flexible configuration of supercapacitors.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following solutions:

[0006] A backup power module management unit comprises a constant current and constant voltage charging unit and a boosting unit, wherein the constant current and constant voltage charging unit is connected to the boosting unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the constant current and constant voltage charging unit includes a first power supply end, a first enable end, a first switch output end, a field effect transistor Q1, a field effect transistor Q2, an oscillator and a controller; the input voltage is connected to the first power supply end, and the first enable end is used to detect whether the input voltage is higher than a threshold value, and the first switch output end is connected to a supercapacitor; the first enable end is respectively connected to the oscillator and the controller, and the oscillator and the controller are both connected to the first logic controller, and the first logic controller is connected to the driver, and the driver is respectively connected to the field effect transistor Q1 and the field effect transistor Q2, and the field effect transistor Q1 and the field effect transistor Q2 are both connected to the first switch output end.

[0008] Furthermore, the constant current constant voltage charging unit further includes a first current detection resistor RS1, a current limit detector, a first logic controller, and a pulse width modulation / pulse frequency modulation mode detector;

[0009] The first current detection resistor RS1 is connected to the first power supply terminal and the source of the field effect transistor Q1. The voltage change on the first current detection resistor RS1 corresponds to the change in current. The voltage signal on the first current detection resistor RS1 is connected to the first logic controller through the current limiting detector, thereby controlling the maximum current of the constant current and constant voltage charging unit; at the same time, the voltage connected to the first current detection resistor RS1 also provides a detection signal for the pulse width modulation / pulse frequency modulation mode detector, which is converted to the pulse frequency modulation mode when the load is light, and converted to the pulse width modulation mode when the load is heavy, thereby realizing the light load and high efficiency function.

[0010] Furthermore, the constant current and constant voltage charging unit includes a first voltage feedback terminal and a first error amplifier; the external charging voltage is connected to the first voltage feedback terminal, the first voltage feedback terminal is connected to the first error amplifier, the first error amplifier is connected to the first pulse width modulation comparator, and the first pulse width modulation comparator is connected to the first logic controller, thereby forming a voltage loop to achieve constant voltage charging.

[0011] Furthermore, the constant current constant voltage charging unit further includes an undervoltage and fault detector, a current feedback terminal, a current sensor, a slope compensator, and a zero crossing detector; the undervoltage and fault detector is connected to a first logic controller, and the first logic controller implements output protection; at the same time, the first logic controller is also connected to a reference voltage terminal to provide a reference;

[0012] The external charging current signal is connected to the current feedback terminal, the current feedback terminal is connected to the current sensor, the current sensor is connected to the first pulse width modulation comparator, the first pulse width modulation comparator is connected to the first logic controller, so as to form a current loop to realize constant current charging;

[0013] The slope compensator is respectively connected to the first pulse width modulation comparator and the first logic controller for stabilizing the system;

[0014] The zero-crossing detector is connected to the first logic controller and the driver respectively, so as to improve the efficiency of the pulse frequency modulation mode.

[0015] Further, the boost unit includes a second power supply terminal, a second enable terminal, a second switch output terminal, a second voltage feedback terminal, a second oscillator, a second pulse width modulation comparator, a second logic controller, and a field effect transistor Q3;

[0016] The supercapacitor voltage is connected to the second power supply terminal to supply power to the boost unit; when the second enable terminal detects that the supercapacitor voltage is higher than the threshold voltage, the second oscillator starts to work, the signal output by the second oscillator is connected to the second pulse width modulation comparator and the second logic controller, the output signal of the second logic controller is connected to the gate of the driving field effect transistor Q3, the drain of the field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the second switch output terminal, and the second switch output terminal is connected to the external inductor and the filter network to form a backup power supply.

[0017] Furthermore, the boost unit includes a second error amplifier; the backup power supply is connected to the second voltage feedback terminal, the second voltage feedback terminal is connected to the second error amplifier, the second error amplifier is connected to the second pulse width modulation comparator, and the second pulse width modulation comparator is connected to the second logic controller, thereby forming a voltage loop to stabilize the backup power supply voltage;

[0018] The source of the field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the first current detection resistor RS2 to detect the output current of the backup power supply. The first current detection resistor RS2 is connected to the current detection comparator, and the current detection comparator is connected to the second pulse width modulation comparator, so as to control the maximum output current of the backup power supply.

[0019] Furthermore, the constant current and constant voltage charging unit includes a filter unit, and the input voltage is connected to the filter unit and connected to the first power supply terminal through the filter unit.

[0020] Furthermore, the constant current and constant voltage charging unit includes an inductor unit, and the first switch output end is connected to the inductor unit and connected to the super capacitor through the inductor unit.

[0021] Furthermore, the driver is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 and the gate of the field effect transistor Q2 respectively, and the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 and the drain of the field effect transistor Q2 are both connected to the first switch output terminal.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0023] The present invention solves the problems of low efficiency, long charging time and easy damage when not charged or discharged for a long time under cold outdoor conditions. The charging voltage and current of the present invention can be programmed by resistors, and it contains a constant current and constant voltage charging unit and a boost unit. The two units can work simultaneously or independently, reducing the size, cost and complexity.

[0024] The present invention can realize working in two modes, a charging mode and a backup mode. When the two modes work at the same time, the backup mode is set to hot backup, which can seamlessly switch the power supply mode to ensure the stability of the system.

[0025] The present invention realizes a light-load and high-efficiency technical solution, improves the conversion efficiency of the module, and can achieve the effect of flexible configuration of supercapacitors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] All features disclosed in all embodiments in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes implicitly disclosed, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined and / or expanded or replaced in any manner.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the working principle of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0030] After filtering, the input voltage is connected to the first power supply terminal, i.e., "power supply 1" in the figure, to supply power to the constant current and constant voltage charging unit. When the first enable terminal, i.e., "enable 1", detects that the input voltage is higher than the threshold voltage, the "oscillator and controller" starts to work, and the signal output by the "oscillator and controller" is added to the driver after the logic control of the first logic controller. The driver is connected to the "Q1" gate and the "Q2" gate respectively, and the "Q1" and "Q2" drains are connected to the first switch output terminal, i.e., "switch output 1", and the "switch output 1" is connected to the inductor to charge the supercapacitor. The first current detection resistor "RS1" is connected to the "power supply 1" and the source of "Q1". The voltage change on the first current detection resistor "RS1" corresponds to the change in current. The voltage signal on the first current detection resistor "RS1" is connected to the first logic controller through the "current limit detector" to control the maximum current of the constant current and constant voltage charging unit. At the same time, the voltage on the first current detection resistor "RS1" also provides a detection signal for the "pulse width modulation / pulse frequency modulation mode detector", which converts to pulse frequency modulation mode when the load is light, and converts to pulse width modulation mode when the load is heavy, thereby realizing light load high efficiency function. The external charging voltage is connected to the first voltage feedback terminal, namely "voltage feedback 1", "voltage feedback 1" is connected to the first error amplifier, the first error amplifier is connected to the first pulse width modulation comparator, and the first pulse width modulation comparator is connected to the first logic controller, thereby forming a voltage loop to realize constant voltage charging. The undervoltage and fault detector is connected to the first logic controller, and output protection is realized with the first logic controller. The first logic controller also needs to be connected to the "reference voltage" to provide a reference. The external charging current signal is connected to the "current feedback", and the "current feedback" is connected to the first pulse width modulation comparator, thereby forming a current loop to realize constant current charging. The slope compensator is connected to the first pulse width modulation comparator and the first logic controller to stabilize the system. The zero crossing detector is connected to the first logic controller and the driver to improve the efficiency of the pulse frequency modulation mode.

[0031] The supercapacitor voltage is connected to the second power supply terminal, i.e., "power supply 2", to supply power to the boost unit. When the second enable terminal, i.e., "enable 2", detects that the supercapacitor voltage is higher than the threshold voltage, the oscillator starts to work, and the signal output by the oscillator is connected to the second pulse width modulation comparator and the second logic controller. The output signal of the second logic controller is connected to the gate of the driving field effect tube "Q3", and the drain of "Q3" is connected to the second switch output terminal, i.e., "switch output 2", and "switch output 2" is connected to external inductors, filter networks and other devices to form a backup power supply. The backup power supply is connected to the second voltage feedback terminal "voltage feedback 2", "voltage feedback 2" is connected to the second error amplifier, the second error amplifier is connected to the second pulse width modulation comparator, and the second pulse width modulation comparator is connected to the second logic controller, thereby forming a voltage loop to stabilize the backup power supply voltage. The source of "Q3" is connected to "RS2" to detect the output current of the backup power supply, "RS2" is connected to the "current detection comparator", and the current detection comparator is connected to the second pulse width modulation comparator, thereby controlling the maximum output current of the backup power supply. The first enable terminal, i.e., "enable 1", the second enable terminal, i.e., "enable 2" and the peripheral circuit can form an intelligent charge and discharge management system.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A backup power module management unit comprises a constant current and constant voltage charging unit and a boosting unit, wherein the constant current and constant voltage charging unit is connected to the boosting unit.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] On the basis of Example 1, the constant current and constant voltage charging unit includes a first power supply end, a first enable end, a first switch output end, a field effect transistor Q1, a field effect transistor Q2, an oscillator and a controller; the input voltage is connected to the first power supply end, and the first enable end is used to detect whether the input voltage is higher than the threshold, and the first switch output end is connected to the supercapacitor; the first enable end is connected to the oscillator and the controller respectively, and the oscillator and the controller are both connected to the first logic controller, the first logic controller is connected to the driver, the driver is respectively connected to the field effect transistor Q1 and the field effect transistor Q2, and the field effect transistor Q1 and the field effect transistor Q2 are both connected to the first switch output end.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] On the basis of Embodiment 2, the constant current constant voltage charging unit further includes a first current detection resistor RS1, a current limit detector, a first logic controller, and a pulse width modulation / pulse frequency modulation mode detector;

[0038] The first current detection resistor RS1 is connected to the first power supply terminal and the source of the field effect transistor Q1. The voltage change on the first current detection resistor RS1 corresponds to the change in current. The voltage signal on the first current detection resistor RS1 is connected to the first logic controller through the current limiting detector, thereby controlling the maximum current of the constant current and constant voltage charging unit; at the same time, the voltage connected to the first current detection resistor RS1 also provides a detection signal for the pulse width modulation / pulse frequency modulation mode detector, which is converted to the pulse frequency modulation mode when the load is light, and converted to the pulse width modulation mode when the load is heavy, thereby realizing the light load and high efficiency function.

[0039] Example 4

[0040] Based on Example 1, the constant current and constant voltage charging unit includes a first voltage feedback terminal and a first error amplifier; the external charging voltage is connected to the first voltage feedback terminal, the first voltage feedback terminal is connected to the first error amplifier, the first error amplifier is connected to the first pulse width modulation comparator, and the first pulse width modulation comparator is connected to the first logic controller, thereby forming a voltage loop to achieve constant voltage charging.

[0041] Example 5

[0042] On the basis of Example 1, the constant current constant voltage charging unit further includes an undervoltage and fault detector, a current feedback terminal, a current sensor, a slope compensator, and a zero-crossing detector; the undervoltage and fault detector is connected to the first logic controller, and the first logic controller implements output protection; at the same time, the first logic controller is also connected to the reference voltage terminal to provide a reference;

[0043] The external charging current signal is connected to the current feedback terminal, the current feedback terminal is connected to the current sensor, the current sensor is connected to the first pulse width modulation comparator, the first pulse width modulation comparator is connected to the first logic controller, so as to form a current loop to realize constant current charging;

[0044] The slope compensator is respectively connected to the first pulse width modulation comparator and the first logic controller for stabilizing the system;

[0045] The zero-crossing detector is connected to the first logic controller and the driver respectively, so as to improve the efficiency of the pulse frequency modulation mode.

[0046] Example 6

[0047] On the basis of Embodiment 1, the boost unit includes a second power supply terminal, a second enable terminal, a second switch output terminal, a second voltage feedback terminal, a second oscillator, a second pulse width modulation comparator, a second logic controller, and a field effect transistor Q3;

[0048] The supercapacitor voltage is connected to the second power supply terminal to supply power to the boost unit; when the second enable terminal detects that the supercapacitor voltage is higher than the threshold voltage, the second oscillator starts to work, the signal output by the second oscillator is connected to the second pulse width modulation comparator and the second logic controller, the output signal of the second logic controller is connected to the gate of the driving field effect transistor Q3, the drain of the field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the second switch output terminal, and the second switch output terminal is connected to the external inductor and the filter network to form a backup power supply.

[0049] Example 7

[0050] On the basis of Example 6, the boost unit includes a second error amplifier; the backup power supply is connected to the second voltage feedback terminal, the second voltage feedback terminal is connected to the second error amplifier, the second error amplifier is connected to the second pulse width modulation comparator, and the second pulse width modulation comparator is connected to the second logic controller, thereby forming a voltage loop to stabilize the backup power supply voltage;

[0051] The source of the field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the first current detection resistor RS2 to detect the output current of the backup power supply. The first current detection resistor RS2 is connected to the current detection comparator, and the current detection comparator is connected to the second pulse width modulation comparator, so as to control the maximum output current of the backup power supply.

[0052] Example 8

[0053] On the basis of Embodiment 1, the constant current constant voltage charging unit includes a filter unit, the input voltage is connected to the filter unit, and is connected to the first power supply terminal through the filter unit.

[0054] Example 9

[0055] On the basis of Example 1, the constant current and constant voltage charging unit includes an inductor unit, the first switch output end is connected to the inductor unit, and is connected to the super capacitor through the inductor unit.

[0056] Example 10

[0057] On the basis of Embodiment 2, the driver is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 and the gate of the field effect transistor Q2 respectively, and the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 and the drain of the field effect transistor Q2 are both connected to the first switch output terminal.

[0058] The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by using the prior art.

[0059] The above technical solution is only one implementation mode of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is easy to make various types of improvements or modifications based on the application methods and principles disclosed in the present invention, and it is not limited to the method described in the above specific implementation mode of the present invention. Therefore, the method described above is only preferred and does not have a restrictive meaning.

[0060] In addition to the above examples, those skilled in the art may obtain other embodiments based on the above disclosure or by using the knowledge or technology in the relevant field to make changes. The features of each embodiment may be interchangeable or replaced. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention and should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A backup power module management unit, characterized in that: include: A constant current and constant voltage charging unit and a boost unit, wherein the constant current and constant voltage charging unit is connected to the boost unit; The constant current and constant voltage charging unit includes a first voltage feedback terminal and a first error amplifier; an external charging voltage is connected to the first voltage feedback terminal, the first voltage feedback terminal is connected to the first error amplifier, the first error amplifier is connected to a first pulse width modulation comparator, and the first pulse width modulation comparator is connected to a first logic controller, thereby forming a voltage loop to realize constant voltage charging; The boost unit includes a second power supply terminal, a second enable terminal, a second switch output terminal, a second voltage feedback terminal, a second oscillator, a second pulse width modulation comparator, a second logic controller, and a field effect transistor Q3; The supercapacitor voltage is connected to the second power supply terminal to supply power to the boost unit; when the second enable terminal detects that the supercapacitor voltage is higher than the threshold voltage, the second oscillator starts to work, the signal output by the second oscillator is connected to the second pulse width modulation comparator and the second logic controller, the output signal of the second logic controller is connected to the gate of the driving field effect transistor Q3, the drain of the field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the second switch output terminal, and the second switch output terminal is connected to the external inductor and the filter network to form a backup power supply; The boost unit includes a second error amplifier; The backup power supply is connected to the second voltage feedback terminal, the second voltage feedback terminal is connected to the second error amplifier, the second error amplifier is connected to the second pulse width modulation comparator, and the second pulse width modulation comparator is connected to the second logic controller, thereby forming a voltage loop to stabilize the backup power supply voltage; The source of the field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the first current detection resistor RS2 to detect the output current of the backup power supply. The first current detection resistor RS2 is connected to the current detection comparator, and the current detection comparator is connected to the second pulse width modulation comparator, so as to control the maximum output current of the backup power supply.

2. The backup power module management unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant current and constant voltage charging unit includes a first power supply end, a first enable end, a first switch output end, a field effect tube Q1, a field effect tube Q2, an oscillator and a controller; the input voltage is connected to the first power supply end, and the first enable end is used to detect whether the input voltage is higher than a threshold value, and the first switch output end is connected to a super capacitor; the first enable end is connected to the oscillator and the controller respectively, and the oscillator and the controller are both connected to the first logic controller, and the first logic controller is connected to the driver, and the driver is respectively connected to the field effect tube Q1 and the field effect tube Q2, and the field effect tube Q1 and the field effect tube Q2 are both connected to the first switch output end.

3. The backup power module management unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The constant current constant voltage charging unit also includes a first current detection resistor RS1, a current limit detector, a first logic controller, and a pulse width modulation / pulse frequency modulation mode detector; The first current detection resistor RS1 is connected to the first power supply terminal and the source of the field effect transistor Q1. The voltage change on the first current detection resistor RS1 corresponds to the change in current. The voltage signal on the first current detection resistor RS1 is connected to the first logic controller through the current limiting detector, thereby controlling the maximum current of the constant current and constant voltage charging unit; at the same time, the voltage connected to the first current detection resistor RS1 also provides a detection signal for the pulse width modulation / pulse frequency modulation mode detector, which is converted to the pulse frequency modulation mode when the load is light, and converted to the pulse width modulation mode when the load is heavy, thereby realizing the light load and high efficiency function.

4. The backup power module management unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant current constant voltage charging unit further includes an undervoltage and fault detector, a current feedback terminal, a current sensor, a slope compensator, and a zero-crossing detector; the undervoltage and fault detector is connected to a first logic controller, and the first logic controller implements output protection; at the same time, the first logic controller is also connected to a reference voltage terminal to provide a reference; The external charging current signal is connected to the current feedback terminal, the current feedback terminal is connected to the current sensor, the current sensor is connected to the first pulse width modulation comparator, the first pulse width modulation comparator is connected to the first logic controller, so as to form a current loop to realize constant current charging; The slope compensator is respectively connected to the first pulse width modulation comparator and the first logic controller for stabilizing the system; The zero-crossing detector is connected to the first logic controller and the driver respectively, so as to improve the efficiency of the pulse frequency modulation mode.

5. The backup power module management unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant current constant voltage charging unit comprises a filter unit, the input voltage is connected to the filter unit, and is connected to the first power supply terminal through the filter unit.

6. The backup power module management unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant current and constant voltage charging unit comprises an inductor unit, the first switch output end is connected to the inductor unit, and is connected to the super capacitor via the inductor unit.

7. The backup power module management unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driver is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 and the gate of the field effect transistor Q2 respectively, and the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 and the drain of the field effect transistor Q2 are both connected to the first switch output terminal.

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