A method, device and equipment for low-temperature cold start of a fuel cell vehicle

Abstract

The present application discloses a method, device and equipment for cold start of a fuel cell vehicle, including: the VCU first determines whether to start the fuel cell stack according to the vehicle's overall energy demand and the state of charge of the power battery. If so, it sends a start command and a power setting command to the FCU to start the fuel cell stack; then when it monitors that the power consumed by the vehicle is not less than the dischargeable power of the power battery, it terminates the start of the fuel cell stack in advance. Then, when it monitors that the sum of the power consumed by the vehicle and the real-time rechargeable power of the power battery is not greater than the power released by the fuel cell stack, it terminates the start of the fuel cell stack in advance. Furthermore, when it monitors that the rechargeable power of the power battery is restored, it stops the forced passenger compartment water heating PTC and the power battery water heating PTC from consuming electric energy; and opens the two-way solenoid valve of the warm water pipeline to provide a warm air heat source through the fuel cell stack, saving the electric energy consumption for heating, thus achieving the effect of quickly starting the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell vehicle in a low-temperature environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular, to a method, device, and equipment for cold start of a fuel cell vehicle at low temperature. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of people's living standards and the rapid development of social economy, the utilization rate of automobiles has gradually increased, and more and more automobiles have entered people's lives, bringing great convenience to all aspects of people's lives. Among them, fuel cell vehicles (FCV) are a type of vehicle that uses the electricity generated by in-vehicle fuel cell devices as power. Due to their high efficiency and zero-emission characteristics, they have broad commercial application prospects. And the cold start ability at low temperature is a very critical technology for fuel cell vehicles, which determines whether the vehicle can start and drive normally in a short time in a low-temperature environment.

[0003] Currently, the existing method for cold start of fuel cell vehicles at low temperature is to heat the power battery in a low-temperature environment, wait for the power battery to recover its charging ability, and then allow the fuel cell stack to start to avoid startup failures. However, this startup method has disadvantages such as slow temperature rise of the power battery, long waiting time for the fuel cell stack to start, and rapid consumption reduction of the state of charge (SOC) in the power battery before the fuel cell stack starts. Therefore, how to enable a fuel cell vehicle to quickly start the fuel cell stack in a low-temperature environment to meet the needs of the vehicle's driving performance is an urgent problem to be solved currently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the embodiments of this application is to provide a method, device, and equipment for cold start of a fuel cell vehicle at low temperature, which realizes that the fuel cell vehicle can quickly start the fuel cell stack in a low-temperature environment, thereby improving the cold start effect of the fuel cell vehicle at low temperature.

[0005] The embodiments of this application provide a method for cold start of a fuel cell vehicle at low temperature. The method is applied to a vehicle control unit (VCU). The VCU controls a cold start system of the fuel cell vehicle to achieve cold start of the fuel cell vehicle at low temperature. The system includes: a deionizer, a thermostat, an electrostack water pump, a fuel cell stack, a warm water heat exchanger, a solenoid valve, a passenger compartment water heater PTC, a warm air circuit water pump, a front warm air core, a power battery water heater PTC, a power battery water pump, and a power battery; the deionizer, the thermostat, the electrostack water pump, the fuel cell stack, the warm water heat exchanger, and the solenoid valve form a first water circulation loop; the warm water heat exchanger, the passenger compartment water heater PTC, the warm air circuit water pump, and the front warm air core form a second water circulation loop; the power battery water heater PTC, the power battery water pump, and the power battery form a third water circulation loop. The method includes:

[0006] The vehicle control unit (VCU) determines whether to start the fuel cell stack based on the vehicle's energy demand and the state of charge of the power battery;

[0007] If so, the VCU sends a start command and a power setting command to the fuel cell stack control unit (FCU) to enable the FCU to start the fuel cell stack;

[0008] When the VCU monitors that the power consumed by the vehicle is not less than the discharge power of the power battery, the start of the fuel cell stack is terminated in advance;

[0009] When the sum of the power consumed by the vehicle monitored by the VCU and the real-time rechargeable power of the power battery is not greater than the power released by the fuel cell stack, the start of the fuel cell stack is terminated in advance;

[0010] When the VCU monitors that the rechargeable power of the power battery has recovered, it stops the forced passenger compartment water heating PTC and the power battery water heating PTC from consuming electric energy; and opens the two-way solenoid valve of the warm water pipeline to provide a warm air heat source through the fuel cell stack to save the electric energy consumption for heating.

[0011] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0012] When the VCU determines that the fuel cell stack needs to be started, it sends commands to pre-enable the passenger compartment water heating PTC and the battery heating water heating PTC to the air conditioning control system (HCM) and the battery control system (BMS), and temporarily limits the power of the passenger compartment water heating PTC and the power battery water heating PTC when it monitors that the discharge power of the power battery is insufficient, so as to preferentially provide electric power to start the fuel cell stack.

[0013] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0014] Before the cold start of the fuel cell stack, when the VCU determines that there is no start demand, it pre-heats the second water circulation pipeline through the passenger compartment heating PTC in advance, and exchanges heat through the warm water heat exchanger to the first water circulation pipeline after opening the solenoid valve device, so as to pre-heat the fuel cell stack in advance and improve the cold start performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0015] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0016] After the cold start of the fuel cell stack, it controls the first water circulation pipeline to exchange heat through the warm water heat exchanger to the second water circulation pipeline to improve the air conditioning warm air performance and save the electric energy consumption of the passenger compartment heating PTC.

[0017] The embodiment of the present application also provides a low-temperature cold start device for a fuel cell vehicle. The device is applied to a vehicle control unit (VCU), and the VCU controls the cold start system of the fuel cell vehicle to achieve low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell vehicle. The system includes: a deionizer, a thermostat, an electrostack water pump, a fuel cell stack, a warm water heat exchanger, a solenoid valve, a passenger compartment water heater PTC, a warm air circuit water pump, a front warm air core, a power battery water heater PTC, a power battery water pump, and a power battery; the deionizer, the thermostat, the electrostack water pump, the fuel cell stack, the warm water heat exchanger, and the solenoid valve form a first water circulation loop; the warm water heat exchanger, the passenger compartment water heater PTC, the warm air circuit water pump, and the front warm air core form a second water circulation loop; the power battery water heater PTC, the power battery water pump, and the power battery form a third water circulation loop. The device includes:

[0018] A judgment unit, configured to judge whether to start the fuel cell stack according to the vehicle energy demand and the power battery power state;

[0019] A first sending unit, configured to, if it is judged that the fuel cell stack needs to be started according to the vehicle energy demand and the power battery power state, send a start instruction and a power setting instruction to the fuel cell stack control unit (FCU) so that the FCU starts the fuel cell stack;

[0020] A first termination unit, configured to terminate the start of the fuel cell stack in advance when it is monitored that the vehicle power consumption is not less than the dischargeable power of the power battery;

[0021] A second termination unit, configured to terminate the start of the fuel cell stack in advance when it is monitored that the sum of the vehicle power consumption and the real-time rechargeable power of the power battery is not greater than the released power of the fuel cell stack;

[0022] An opening unit, configured to, when it is monitored that the rechargeable power of the power battery is restored, stop the forced power consumption of the passenger compartment water heater PTC and the power battery water heater PTC; and open the two-way solenoid valve of the warm water pipeline to provide a warm air heat source through the fuel cell stack to save the power consumption for heating.

[0023] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0024] A second sending unit, configured to, when it is judged that the fuel cell stack needs to be started, send instructions to pre-open the passenger compartment water heater PTC and the power battery water heater PTC to the air conditioning control system (HCM) and the battery control system (BMS), and temporarily limit the power of the passenger compartment water heater PTC and the power battery water heater PTC when it is monitored that the dischargeable power of the power battery is insufficient, so as to preferentially provide electric power to start the fuel cell stack.

[0025] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0026] A heating unit is used to heat the second water circulation waterway in advance through the passenger compartment heating PTC before the cold start of the fuel cell stack when it is determined that there is no start-up requirement, and after opening the solenoid valve device, heat is exchanged to the first water circulation waterway through the warm water heat exchanger, so as to preheat the fuel cell stack in advance, thereby improving the cold start performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0027] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0028] A control unit is used to control the first water circulation waterway to exchange heat to the second water circulation waterway through the warm water heat exchanger after the cold start of the fuel cell stack, so as to improve the air-conditioning warm air performance and save the electric energy consumption of the passenger compartment heating PTC.

[0029] An embodiment of the present application further provides a low-temperature cold start device for a fuel cell vehicle, including: a processor, a memory, and a system bus;

[0030] The processor and the memory are connected through the system bus;

[0031] The memory is used to store one or more programs, and the one or more programs include instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the processor is caused to execute any implementation manner of the above-mentioned low-temperature cold start method for a fuel cell vehicle.

[0032] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions are stored, and when the instructions run on a terminal device, the terminal device is caused to execute any implementation manner of the above-mentioned low-temperature cold start method for a fuel cell vehicle.

[0033] A low-temperature cold start method, device and equipment for a fuel cell vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application, the vehicle control unit VCU realizes the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell vehicle by controlling the cold start system of the fuel cell vehicle. Specifically, the VCU first judges whether it is necessary to start the fuel cell stack according to the vehicle energy demand and the power battery state of charge. If so, a start instruction and a power setting instruction are sent to the fuel cell stack control unit FCU to enable the FCU to start the fuel cell stack; then, when it is monitored that the vehicle power consumption is not less than the dischargeable power of the power battery, the start of the fuel cell stack is terminated in advance. Then, when it is monitored that the sum of the vehicle power consumption and the real-time rechargeable power of the power battery is not greater than the released power of the fuel cell stack, the start of the fuel cell stack is terminated in advance. Furthermore, when it is monitored that the rechargeable power of the power battery is restored, the forced passenger compartment water heating PTC and the power battery water heating PTC are stopped from consuming electric energy; and the two-way solenoid valve of the warm water pipeline is opened to provide a warm air heat source through the fuel cell stack, so as to save the electric energy consumption for heating, thereby realizing that the fuel cell vehicle can quickly start the fuel cell stack in a low-temperature environment, and further improving the effect of the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for cold start of a fuel cell vehicle at low temperature provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic architecture diagram of a cold start system for a fuel cell vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic composition diagram of a device for cold start of a fuel cell vehicle at low temperature provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0038] With the progress of new vehicle technologies, the environmental protection level of vehicles is getting higher and higher, which also brings more vehicle usage experiences to users. A fuel cell vehicle is a vehicle powered by electricity generated by an in-vehicle fuel cell device. It has broad commercial application prospects due to its high efficiency and zero-emission characteristics. However, in a low-temperature environment, it is difficult for a fuel cell vehicle to start, which poses a great challenge to the popularization and application of fuel cell vehicles.

[0039] Among them, the cold start of a fuel cell vehicle at low temperature means that the fuel cell vehicle successfully starts below 0°C and quickly raises the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack to the normal operating temperature range of 70-80°C. During and after the cold start process, the fuel cell stack will output a certain amount of electric energy to charge the power battery. However, in a low-temperature environment, when the temperature of the power battery cell is below zero, its charging performance is greatly reduced. Especially for lithium iron phosphate batteries, when the cell temperature is below zero, there is no charging ability at all and it cannot absorb the electric energy released by the fuel cell. Starting the fuel cell may cause overcharging of the power battery, and in severe cases, it may lead to high voltage failure of the power battery and startup failure.

[0040] Currently, the existing method for cold start of a fuel cell vehicle at low temperature is to heat the power battery in a low-temperature environment, wait for the power battery to recover its charging ability, and then allow the fuel cell stack to start to avoid startup failure. However, this startup method has disadvantages such as slow heating of the power battery, long waiting time for the fuel cell stack to start, and rapid consumption and reduction of the SOC in the power battery before the fuel cell stack starts. Therefore, how to enable a fuel cell vehicle to quickly start the fuel cell stack in a low-temperature environment to meet the needs of the vehicle's driving performance is an urgent problem to be solved currently.

[0041] To address the above deficiencies, the present application provides a method for cold starting a fuel cell vehicle at low temperatures. The vehicle control unit (VCU) controls the cold start system of the fuel cell vehicle to achieve cold starting of the fuel cell vehicle at low temperatures. Specifically, the VCU first determines whether to start the fuel cell stack based on the vehicle's energy demand and the state of charge of the power battery. If so, it sends a start command and a power setting command to the fuel cell stack control unit (FCU) to enable the FCU to start the fuel cell stack. Then, when it monitors that the power consumed by the vehicle is not less than the dischargeable power of the power battery, it terminates the start of the fuel cell stack in advance. Next, when it monitors that the sum of the power consumed by the vehicle and the real-time rechargeable power of the power battery is not greater than the power released by the fuel cell stack, it terminates the start of the fuel cell stack in advance. Furthermore, when it monitors that the rechargeable power of the power battery has recovered, it stops the forced passenger compartment water heating PTC and the power battery water heating PTC from consuming electrical energy; and opens the two-way solenoid valve of the warm water pipeline to provide a warm air heat source through the fuel cell stack, thereby saving the electrical energy consumed for heating, and thus achieving the ability to quickly start the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell vehicle in a low-temperature environment, and further improving the effect of cold starting the fuel cell vehicle at low temperatures.

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0043] See Figure 1 , which shows a flowchart of a method for cold starting a fuel cell vehicle at low temperatures provided by an embodiment of the present application. This method is applied to the vehicle control unit (VCU), and the VCU controls the fuel cell vehicle cold start system as shown in Figure 2 to achieve rapid cold starting of the fuel cell vehicle at low temperatures. This embodiment may include the following steps:

[0044] S101: The vehicle control unit (VCU) determines whether to start the fuel cell stack based on the vehicle's energy demand and the state of charge of the power battery.

[0045] It should be noted that, in order to achieve the effect of quickly starting the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell vehicle in a low-temperature environment. In this embodiment, a pre-constructed one is as shown in Figure 2The shown cold start system of a fuel cell vehicle, which includes: a deionizer 201, a thermostat 202, a stack water pump 203, a fuel cell stack 204, a warm water heat exchanger 205, a solenoid valve 206, a passenger compartment water heating PTC 207, a warm air circuit water pump 208, a front warm air core 209, a power battery water heating PTC 210, a power battery water pump 211, and a power battery 212.

[0046] Among them, the deionizer 201, the thermostat 202, the stack water pump 203, the fuel cell stack 204, the warm water heat exchanger 205, and the solenoid valve 206 form a first water circulation loop. The warm water heat exchanger 205, the passenger compartment water heating PTC 207, the warm air circuit water pump 208, and the front warm air core 209 form a second water circulation loop; the power battery water heating PTC 210, the power battery water pump 211, and the power battery 211 form a third water circulation loop.

[0047] It can be seen that the warm water heat exchanger 205 is connected to both the first water circulation loop and the second water circulation loop at the same time. The solenoid valve 206 is connected to the first water circulation loop and can open / close this water circulation loop. After the warm water heat exchange valve device is opened, the heat of the first and second water circulation loops can be exchanged, so that the fuel cell stack can be preheated before the stack starts and the passenger compartment can be heated by using the heat of the fuel cell stack after the stack starts successfully.

[0048] The passenger compartment water heating PTC 207 and the power battery water heating PTC 210 are respectively in the second water circulation loop and the third water circulation loop. By controlling the two PTCs to consume the electric energy released during the start-up process of the fuel cell stack, the problem of insufficient rechargeable power of the power battery at low temperature is solved, and the start-up of the vehicle's fuel cell stack is satisfied.

[0049] Specifically, in order to achieve the effect of quickly starting the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell vehicle in a low-temperature environment, before the fuel cell stack starts, the VCU will first judge whether it is necessary to start the fuel cell stack according to the vehicle's energy demand and the power battery's power state. If so, it will continue to execute the subsequent step S102.

[0050] S102: If so, the VCU sends a start command and a power setting command to the fuel cell stack control unit FCU to enable the FCU to start the fuel cell stack.

[0051] In this embodiment, if the VCU judges that it is necessary to start the fuel cell stack according to the vehicle's energy demand and the power battery's power state, it can send a start command and a power setting command to the fuel cell stack control unit (Fighter Control Unit, abbreviated as FCU) to enable the FCU to start the fuel cell stack.

[0052] Moreover, an optional implementation is that when the VCU determines that the fuel cell stack needs to be started, it sends instructions to pre - turn on the passenger compartment water - heating PTC and the battery - heating water - heating PTC to the air - conditioning control system (HVAC Control Module, hereinafter referred to as HCM) and the battery control system (BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, hereinafter referred to as BMS), and when it monitors that the discharge power of the power battery is insufficient, it temporarily limits the power of the passenger compartment water - heating PTC and the power - battery water - heating PTC, so as to preferentially provide electric power to start the fuel cell stack.

[0053] It should be noted that in a possible implementation of the embodiment of the present application, before the cold start of the fuel cell stack, when the VCU determines that there is no start - up requirement, it can pre - heat the second water - circulation waterway through the passenger - compartment heating PTC in advance, and after opening the solenoid - valve device, heat - exchange through the warm - water heat exchanger to the first water - circulation waterway, so as to pre - heat the fuel cell stack in advance, thereby improving the cold - start performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0054] S103: When the VCU monitors that the power consumption of the whole vehicle is not less than the discharge power of the power battery, terminate the start of the fuel cell stack in advance.

[0055] In this embodiment, after the FCU receives the VCU control instruction to start the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack starts high - pressure devices such as its own hydrogen circulation pump, air compressor, and high - pressure water pump, which will consume the electric energy of the power battery. The VCU will monitor the power consumption of the whole vehicle in real - time. When the VCU monitors that the power consumption of the whole vehicle is not less than the discharge power of the power battery, to avoid excessive power consumption of the fuel cell stack causing over - discharge of the power battery in the case of insufficient discharge power at low temperature of the power battery. Once it monitors that the discharge power of the power battery cannot support the power consumption of the whole vehicle, it is necessary to terminate the start of the fuel cell stack in advance.

[0056] S104: When the VCU monitors that the sum of the power consumption of the whole vehicle and the real - time rechargeable power of the power battery is not greater than the release power of the fuel cell stack, terminate the start of the fuel cell stack in advance.

[0057] In this embodiment, after the FCU receives the VCU control instruction to start the fuel cell stack, it also needs to feedback the power - state of the fuel cell stack to the VCU in real - time, and the start - up characteristics of the fuel cell stack will release electric power after consuming power for a period of time. When the power of the fuel cell stack is about to cross zero from negative power (power consumption) and enter the positive - power (power - release stage), before the power of the fuel cell stack crosses zero, the VCU will release the power limit of the passenger - compartment water - heating PTC and the power - battery water - heating PTC in advance.

[0058] The VCU can calculate the minimum power consumption X required by the PTC according to the electric power released by the fuel cell stack, where X = fuel cell power - rechargeable power of the power battery - actual power consumption of the motor + reserved power. The VCU distributes the calculated minimum power consumption X required by the PTC to the PTC for heating the water in the passenger compartment: X1 and the PTC for heating the water in the power battery: X2 for working consumption, and X = X1 + X2.

[0059] When the VCU monitors that the sum of the power consumption of the whole vehicle and the real-time rechargeable power of the power battery is not greater than the power released by the fuel cell stack, in order to avoid excessive power release of the fuel cell stack, which cannot be consumed by the whole vehicle and causes passive overcharging of the power battery. Once it is monitored that there is a risk of passive overcharging of the power battery, the start of the fuel cell stack needs to be terminated in advance.

[0060] S105: When the VCU monitors that the rechargeable power of the power battery has recovered, stop the forced power consumption of the PTC for heating the water in the passenger compartment and the PTC for heating the water in the power battery; and open the two-way solenoid valve of the warm water pipeline to provide a warm air heat source through the fuel cell stack to save the electric energy consumption for heating.

[0061] In this embodiment, after the fuel cell stack starts successfully, it can stably operate at the idle power and can adjust the power output in real time in response to the power request of the VCU. The VCU keeps real-time monitoring of the rechargeable power of the power battery. When it is monitored that the rechargeable power of the power battery ≥ the idle output power of the fuel cell stack, that is, when the VCU monitors that the rechargeable power of the power battery has recovered, the VCU can stop the forced enabling of the PTC, that is, stop the forced power consumption of the PTC for heating the water in the passenger compartment and the PTC for heating the water in the power battery; and can open the two-way solenoid valve of the warm water pipeline to provide a warm air heat source through the fuel cell stack to save the electric energy consumption for heating.

[0062] Furthermore, an optional implementation method is that after the cold start of the fuel cell stack, control the first water circulation waterway to exchange heat with the second water circulation waterway through the warm water heat exchanger to improve the air-conditioning warm air performance and save the electric energy consumption of the PTC for heating the occupant compartment.

[0063] In this way, through the above steps S101 - S105, the VCU controls the cold start system of the fuel cell vehicle to achieve a low-temperature and rapid cold start of the fuel cell vehicle. This is because in the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell vehicle in this application, when the rechargeable power of the power battery is insufficient, the electric energy consumption can be carried out by controlling the passenger compartment water heating PTC and the power battery water heating PTC to ensure the smooth start of the fuel cell stack. Compared with the prior art that needs to preheat the power battery in advance to restore the rechargeable capacity of the power battery and then start the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell vehicle can quickly start the fuel cell stack in a low-temperature environment. Moreover, the cold start system of the fuel cell vehicle provided in this application can realize heat exchange between the fuel cell stack water circulation and the passenger compartment heating water circulation, and can realize low-temperature preheating of the fuel cell stack and heating of the passenger compartment by the heat of the fuel cell stack after the fuel cell stack is started. Compared with the relative independent control of the fuel cell water circulation and the passenger compartment heating water circulation in the prior art, the present invention can effectively improve the cold start performance of the fuel cell stack and save the electric energy consumption for heating the passenger compartment.

[0064] In summary, for a low-temperature cold start method of a fuel cell vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application, the vehicle control unit VCU controls the cold start system of the fuel cell vehicle to achieve a low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell vehicle. Specifically, the VCU first determines whether to start the fuel cell stack according to the vehicle energy demand and the power battery state of charge. If so, it sends a start command and a power setting command to the fuel cell stack control unit FCU to enable the FCU to start the fuel cell stack. Then, when it is monitored that the vehicle power consumption is not less than the dischargeable power of the power battery, the start of the fuel cell stack is terminated in advance. Next, when it is monitored that the sum of the vehicle power consumption and the real-time rechargeable power of the power battery is not greater than the released power of the fuel cell stack, the start of the fuel cell stack is terminated in advance. Furthermore, when it is monitored that the rechargeable power of the power battery is restored, the forced passenger compartment water heating PTC and the power battery water heating PTC are stopped for electric energy consumption; and the two-way solenoid valve of the warm water pipeline is opened to provide a warm air heat source through the fuel cell stack to save the electric energy consumption for heating, thereby realizing that the fuel cell vehicle can quickly start the fuel cell stack in a low-temperature environment, and further improving the effect of the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell vehicle.

[0065] The above embodiments have described in detail the technical solutions of the method of the present application. Correspondingly, the present application also provides a low-temperature cold start device for a fuel cell vehicle, which will be introduced below.

[0066] See Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the composition of a low-temperature cold start device for a fuel cell vehicle provided in this embodiment. The device is applied to the vehicle control unit VCU, and the VCU controls the cold start system of the fuel cell vehicle to achieve low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell vehicle. The system includes: a deionizer, a thermostat, an electrostack water pump, a fuel cell stack, a warm water heat exchanger, a solenoid valve, a passenger compartment water heater PTC, a warm air circuit water pump, a front warm air core, a power battery water heater PTC, a power battery water pump, and a power battery; the deionizer, the thermostat, the electrostack water pump, the fuel cell stack, the warm water heat exchanger, and the solenoid valve form a first water circulation loop; the warm water heat exchanger, the passenger compartment water heater PTC, the warm air circuit water pump, and the front warm air core form a second water circulation loop; the power battery water heater PTC, the power battery water pump, and the power battery form a third water circulation loop. The device includes:

[0067] A judgment unit 301, configured to judge whether it is necessary to start the fuel cell stack according to the vehicle's energy demand and the power battery's power state;

[0068] A first sending unit 302, configured to send a start command and a power setting command to the fuel cell stack control unit FCU if it is judged that the fuel cell stack needs to be started according to the vehicle's energy demand and the power battery's power state, so that the FCU starts the fuel cell stack;

[0069] A first termination unit 303, configured to terminate the start of the fuel cell stack in advance when it is monitored that the vehicle's power consumption is not less than the dischargeable power of the power battery;

[0070] A second termination unit 304, configured to terminate the start of the fuel cell stack in advance when it is monitored that the sum of the vehicle's power consumption and the real-time rechargeable power of the power battery is not greater than the power released by the fuel cell stack;

[0071] An opening unit 305, configured to stop the forced power consumption of the passenger compartment water heater PTC and the power battery water heater PTC after it is monitored that the rechargeable power of the power battery has recovered; and open the two-way solenoid valve of the warm water pipeline to provide a warm air heat source through the fuel cell stack to save the power consumption for heating.

[0072] In an implementation manner of this embodiment, the device further includes:

[0073] A second sending unit, configured to send a command to pre-open the passenger compartment water heater PTC and the battery heating water heater PTC to the air-conditioning control system HCM and the battery control system BMS when it is judged that the fuel cell stack needs to be started, and temporarily limit the power of the passenger compartment water heater PTC and the power battery water heater PTC when it is monitored that the dischargeable power of the power battery is insufficient, so as to preferentially provide electric power to start the fuel cell stack.

[0074] In an implementation manner of this embodiment, the device further includes:

[0075] A heating unit, configured to, before cold start of the fuel cell stack, when it is determined that there is no start requirement, preheat the second water circulation waterway in advance through the passenger compartment heating PTC, and after the solenoid valve device is opened, exchange heat through the warm water heat exchanger to the first water circulation waterway, so as to preheat the fuel cell stack in advance, thereby improving the cold start performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0076] In an implementation manner of this embodiment, the device further includes:

[0077] A control unit, configured to, after cold start of the fuel cell stack, control the first water circulation waterway to exchange heat through the warm water heat exchanger to the second water circulation waterway, so as to improve the air-conditioning warm air performance and save the electric energy consumption of the passenger compartment heating PTC.

[0078] In this way, for a low-temperature cold start device of a fuel cell vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application, the vehicle control unit VCU realizes the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell vehicle by controlling the cold start system of the fuel cell vehicle. Specifically, the VCU first determines whether to start the fuel cell stack according to the vehicle energy demand and the power battery power state. If so, it sends a start instruction and a power setting instruction to the fuel cell stack control unit FCU to enable the FCU to start the fuel cell stack; then, when it is monitored that the vehicle power consumption is not less than the dischargeable power of the power battery, the fuel cell stack start is terminated in advance. Next, when it is monitored that the sum of the vehicle power consumption and the real-time rechargeable power of the power battery is not greater than the released power of the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack start is terminated in advance. Furthermore, when it is monitored that the rechargeable power of the power battery is restored, the forced passenger compartment water heating PTC and the power battery water heating PTC are stopped from consuming electric energy; and the two-way solenoid valve of the warm water pipeline is opened to provide a warm air heat source through the fuel cell stack, so as to save the electric energy consumption for heating, thereby realizing that the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell vehicle can be quickly started in a low-temperature environment, and further improving the low-temperature cold start effect of the fuel cell vehicle.

[0079] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present application further provides a low-temperature cold start device for a fuel cell vehicle, including: a processor, a memory, and a system bus;

[0080] The processor and the memory are connected through the system bus;

[0081] The memory is used to store one or more programs, and the one or more programs include instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes any implementation method of the above-mentioned low-temperature cold start method for a fuel cell vehicle.

[0082] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions are stored. When the instructions run on a terminal device, the terminal device is enabled to execute any one of the implementation methods of the above-mentioned low-temperature cold start method for a fuel cell vehicle.

[0083] From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that all or part of the steps in the above embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a media gateway, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments of the present application.

[0084] It should be noted that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method part.

[0085] It should also be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such a process, method, article or device. Without further limitations, the element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0086] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for low-temperature cold start of a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that, The method is applied to a vehicle control unit (VCU). The VCU controls a cold start system of a fuel cell vehicle to achieve low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell vehicle. The system includes: a deionizer, a thermostat, a stack water pump, a fuel cell stack, a warm water heat exchanger, a solenoid valve, a passenger compartment water heating PTC, a warm air circuit water pump, a front warm air core, a power battery water heating PTC, a power battery water pump, and a power battery; the deionizer, the thermostat, the stack water pump, the fuel cell stack, the warm water heat exchanger, and the solenoid valve form a first water circulation loop; the warm water heat exchanger, the passenger compartment water heating PTC, the warm air circuit water pump, and the front warm air core form a second water circulation loop; the power battery water heating PTC, the power battery water pump, and the power battery form a third water circulation loop. The method includes: The vehicle control unit (VCU) determines whether to start the fuel cell stack according to the vehicle energy demand and the state of charge of the power battery. If so, the VCU sends a start command and a power setting command to the fuel cell stack control unit (FCU) to enable the FCU to start the fuel cell stack. When the VCU monitors that the power consumed by the vehicle is not less than the dischargeable power of the power battery, the start of the fuel cell stack is terminated in advance. When the VCU monitors that the sum of the power consumed by the vehicle and the real-time rechargeable power of the power battery is not greater than the power released by the fuel cell stack, the start of the fuel cell stack is terminated in advance. After the VCU monitors that the rechargeable power of the power battery is restored, the forced operation of the passenger compartment water heating PTC and the power battery water heating PTC for power consumption is stopped; and the two-way solenoid valve of the warm water pipeline is opened to provide a warm air heat source through the fuel cell stack to save the power consumption for heating.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes: When the VCU determines that the fuel cell stack needs to be started, it sends a command to pre-open the passenger compartment water heating PTC and the power battery water heating PTC to the air conditioning control system (HCM) and the battery control system (BMS), and temporarily limits the power of the passenger compartment water heating PTC and the power battery water heating PTC when it monitors that the dischargeable power of the power battery is insufficient, so as to preferentially provide electric power to start the fuel cell stack.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes: Before the cold start of the fuel cell stack, when the VCU determines that there is no start requirement, it pre-heats the second water circulation waterway through the passenger compartment heating PTC in advance, and exchanges heat through the warm water heat exchanger to the first water circulation waterway after the solenoid valve device is opened, so as to pre-heat the fuel cell stack in advance and then improve the cold start performance of the fuel cell stack.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes: After the cold start of the fuel cell stack, it controls the first water circulation waterway to exchange heat through the warm water heat exchanger to the second water circulation waterway to improve the air conditioning warm air performance and save the power consumption of the passenger compartment heating PTC.

5. A low-temperature cold start device for a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that, The described device is applied to the vehicle control unit (VCU). The VCU controls the cold start system of the fuel cell vehicle to achieve low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell vehicle. The system includes: a deionizer, a thermostat, a stack water pump, a fuel cell stack, a warm water heat exchanger, a solenoid valve, a passenger compartment water heater PTC, a warm air circuit water pump, a front warm air core, a power battery water heater PTC, a power battery water pump, and a power battery; the deionizer, the thermostat, the stack water pump, the fuel cell stack, the warm water heat exchanger, and the solenoid valve form a first water circulation loop; the warm water heat exchanger, the passenger compartment water heater PTC, the warm air circuit water pump, and the front warm air core form a second water circulation loop; the power battery water heater PTC, the power battery water pump, and the power battery form a third water circulation loop. The device includes: A judgment unit, configured to judge whether it is necessary to start the fuel cell stack according to the vehicle energy demand and the state of charge of the power battery; A first sending unit, configured to, if it is judged according to the vehicle energy demand and the state of charge of the power battery that it is necessary to start the fuel cell stack, send a start instruction and a power setting instruction to the fuel cell stack control unit (FCU) so that the FCU starts the fuel cell stack; A first termination unit, configured to terminate the start of the fuel cell stack in advance when it is monitored that the power consumed by the vehicle is not less than the dischargeable power of the power battery; A second termination unit, configured to terminate the start of the fuel cell stack in advance when it is monitored that the sum of the power consumed by the vehicle and the real-time rechargeable power of the power battery is not greater than the power released by the fuel cell stack; An opening unit, configured to, after it is monitored that the rechargeable power of the power battery is restored, stop the forced power consumption of the passenger compartment water heater PTC and the power battery water heater PTC; and open the two-way solenoid valve of the warm water pipeline to provide a warm air heat source through the fuel cell stack to save the power consumption of heating; 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The device further includes: A second sending unit, configured to, when it is judged that it is necessary to start the fuel cell stack, send instructions to pre-open the passenger compartment water heater PTC and the power battery water heater PTC to the air conditioning control system (HCM) and the battery control system (BMS), and temporarily limit the power of the passenger compartment water heater PTC and the power battery water heater PTC when it is monitored that the dischargeable power of the power battery is insufficient, so as to preferentially provide electric power to start the fuel cell stack.

7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The device further includes: A heating unit, configured to, before the cold start of the fuel cell stack, when it is judged that there is no start requirement, pre-heat the second water circulation waterway through the passenger compartment heater PTC in advance, and exchange heat through the warm water heat exchanger to the first water circulation waterway after the solenoid valve device is opened, so as to pre-heat the fuel cell stack in advance, thereby improving the cold start performance of the fuel cell stack.

8. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The device further includes: A control unit, configured to, after the cold start of the fuel cell stack, control the first water circulation waterway to exchange heat to the second water circulation waterway through the warm water heat exchanger to improve the air conditioning warm air performance and save the power consumption of the passenger compartment heater PTC.

9. A low-temperature cold start device for a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that, Including: A processor, a memory, and a system bus; The processor and the memory are connected through the system bus; The memory is used to store one or more programs, and the one or more programs include instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-4.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instructions run on the terminal device, the terminal device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-4.

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