Monitoring Device and Calculation Method for Converting the Absolute Displacement of the Vertical Plumb Line of a Concrete Dam

Abstract

The monitoring device and calculation method for converting the vertical absolute displacement of a concrete dam relate to water conservancy and hydropower projects. The present invention includes an automated deformation monitoring system, a vertical measuring device, and a horizontal displacement meter. The automated deformation monitoring system includes a monitoring pier and a measuring robot deformation monitoring system. The measuring robot deformation monitoring system includes a measuring robot and a prism. The prism is fixed on the top of the monitoring pier, which is a monitoring point. The vertical measuring device is set in the dam body next to the monitoring point, which is a vertical measuring point. The horizontal displacement meter is set between the monitoring pier and the vertical measuring device. One end of the horizontal displacement meter is fixed on the top of the dam body next to the monitoring pier, and the other end is connected to the vertical measuring device. The present invention monitors accurately and reliably, is simple and convenient to use, and uses a monitoring device to convert the vertical absolute displacement from top to bottom in real time, overcoming the previous problem of lacking an inverted plumb line and being unable to observe the absolute displacement of each vertical elevation measuring point of the concrete dam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and in particular to a monitoring device and a calculation method for accurately and reliably converting the positive vertical absolute displacement of a concrete dam. Background Art

[0002] As an important means of monitoring the displacement of concrete dams at various elevations along the river and horizontally, the vertical device requires the use of an inverted device set up in the dam foundation corridor. The displacement of the fixed point of the foundation corridor relative to the depth of the dam foundation is measured, and the absolute displacement of each elevation measuring point is converted from bottom to top, so as to timely monitor and evaluate the working status of the concrete dam under the influence of environmental variables such as water level, temperature, and aging.

[0003] If the inverted measuring points are restricted by local working space during the construction phase or are not adequately maintained during the operation phase, they are prone to damage. The lack of absolute displacement of the inverted measuring points will result in the inability of the vertical device to obtain the absolute displacement of each elevation measuring point from bottom to top, which brings great inconvenience to observers in carrying out vertical line device monitoring and does not meet the requirements of relevant specifications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problem that existing inverted measuring points are difficult to construct or maintain and are easily damaged, resulting in inconvenience in monitoring. It provides a monitoring device and calculation method for converting the vertical absolute displacement of concrete dams that are accurate and reliable.

[0005] The monitoring device for converting the vertical absolute displacement of a concrete dam according to the present invention is arranged on the dam body and is characterized in that the monitoring device includes an automated deformation monitoring system, a vertical measurement device, and a horizontal displacement meter. The automated deformation monitoring system includes a monitoring pier and a measurement robot deformation monitoring system. The monitoring pier is a 1.2m high column cast in reinforced concrete. The measurement robot deformation monitoring system includes a measurement robot and a prism. The measurement robot is placed on the shore at the edge of the dam body. The prism is a 360° prism fixed on the top of the monitoring pier, which serves as a monitoring point. The vertical measurement device is arranged in the dam body next to the monitoring point, which serves as a vertical measurement point. It includes a vertical line suspension device, a vertical line protection tube, a steel wire, a vertical line coordinate meter, a weight and a floating bucket. The vertical line protection tube is hollow inside and is vertically arranged in the dam body. The vertical line suspension device is fixed on the top of the vertical line protection tube. The steel wire is arranged in the vertical line protection tube. One end of the steel wire is fixed on the vertical line suspension device, and the other end is hung with a weight. The vertical line coordinate meter is installed on the steel wire above the weight. The floating bucket is placed on the ground in the monitoring corridor of the dam body, and the weight is placed in the floating bucket; the horizontal displacement meter is arranged between the monitoring pier and the vertical measurement device. One end of the horizontal displacement meter is fixed on the top of the dam body next to the monitoring pier, and the other end is connected to the vertical measurement device.

[0006] The vertical measurement device has at least three layers, which are arranged in layers from top to bottom in the dam monitoring corridor. The vertical protection pipe is a pre-buried steel pipe or drilled hole. The vertical coordinate meter is a capacitive vertical coordinate meter. By setting up multiple layers of vertical measurement devices, the relative transverse and longitudinal displacements between different high layers can be obtained.

[0007] There are two horizontal displacement meters, which are arranged between the monitoring point and the vertical measuring point. One is arranged between the two ends of the vertical suspension device and the monitoring point respectively. They are installed on the surface or in grooves. The connection point of the vertical suspension device is a universal joint. The rod of the horizontal displacement meter can be lengthened according to the distance to obtain the relative displacement between the two, and together constitute a monitoring device for the conversion of vertical absolute displacement.

[0008] The distance between the monitoring point and the vertical measuring point is ≤5m, and the deformation monitoring system of the measuring robot is used to obtain the absolute displacement of the measuring point in the transverse and longitudinal directions in real time.

[0009] A monitoring method for converting the vertical absolute displacement of a concrete dam is characterized in that the monitoring method uses the above-mentioned monitoring device, and the absolute displacement of the three-layer gallery is calculated as follows:

[0010] 1) Based on the automatic data acquisition device, four height points are set from bottom to top inside the dam body, namely H1, H2, H3 and H4. H1 is the height of the bottom of the dam foundation, H4 is the height of the top of the dam body, H2 and H3 are the heights of the two monitoring corridors inside the dam body respectively. In the initial state, the accumulated displacement of the automatic deformation monitoring point in the transverse direction at time t0 is TPx0, and the displacement in the downstream direction is TPy0. The length of the first horizontal displacement meter rod is L10, the length of the second horizontal displacement meter rod is L20, and the distance between the two ends of the vertical suspension device is D;

[0011] 2) At time ti, affected by the upstream water level or temperature, the dam displaces. Based on the automatic data acquisition device, the cumulative displacement of the monitoring point of the deformation measurement robot in the transverse direction is TPxi, and the cumulative displacement in the downstream direction is TPyi. The displacement change of the first horizontal displacement meter is δL1i, and the displacement change of the second horizontal displacement meter is δL2i. The relative transverse displacements of PL3 from H4 to H3, PL2 from H3 to H2, and PL1 from H2 to H1 are dx3i, dx2i, and dx1i, respectively. The relative downstream displacements are dy3i, dy2i, and dy1i.

[0012] 3) At the dam crest elevation H4, the absolute transverse displacement of the PL3 vertical suspension device is Dx4 = [D 2 +(L10+δL1i) 2 -(L20+δL2i) 2 ] / 2D+TPxi-TPx0, absolute displacement along the river

[0013] In the H3 elevation monitoring corridor, the absolute displacement of the lateral direction at the PL2 vertical suspension device is Dx3 = [D 2 +(L10+δL1i) 2 -(L20+δL2i) 2 ] / 2D+TPxi-TPx0-dx3i, absolute displacement along the river

[0014] In the H2 elevation monitoring corridor, the absolute displacement of the lateral direction at the PL1 vertical suspension device is Dx2 = [D 2 +(L10+δL1i) 2 -(L20+δL2i) 2 ] / 2D+TPxi-TPx0-dx3i-dx2i, absolute displacement along the river

[0015] In the H1 elevation base monitoring corridor, the corresponding absolute displacement in the horizontal direction is Dx2 = [D 2 +(L10+δL1i) 2 -(L20+δL2i) 2 ] / 2D+TPxi-TPx0-dx3i-dx2i-dx1i, absolute displacement along the river

[0016] When the number of corridors is more than three, the above calculation method can be used to obtain more absolute displacements of vertical measuring points.

[0017] The monitoring device and calculation method for converting the vertical absolute displacement of a concrete dam according to the present invention can realize a real-time conversion device for the vertical absolute displacement. The monitoring device is not only accurate and reliable, but also simple and convenient to use. The vertical absolute displacement is converted from top to bottom in real time by using the monitoring device, overcoming the previous problem of lack of an inverted plumb line and inability to observe the absolute displacement of each vertical elevation measuring point of the concrete dam. The device has been successfully applied to water conservancy and hydropower projects, achieved good results, has strong practicality, has broad market prospects and promotion value, and has a profound impact on the hydropower industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of this monitoring device.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the monitoring device.

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of absolute displacement conversion.

[0021] Among them, there are dam body 1, monitoring pier 2, prism 3, vertical line suspension device 4, vertical line protection tube 5, steel wire 6, vertical line coordinate meter 7, heavy hammer 8, floating bucket 9, horizontal displacement meter 10, and monitoring corridor 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Example 1: A monitoring device for converting the absolute displacement of a concrete dam into vertical displacement is provided on the dam body 1. The monitoring device includes an automated deformation monitoring system, a vertical measurement device, and a horizontal displacement meter 10. The automated deformation monitoring system includes a monitoring pier 2 and a measurement robot deformation monitoring system. The monitoring pier 2 is a 1.2m high column cast in reinforced concrete. The measurement robot deformation monitoring system includes a measurement robot and a prism 3. The measurement robot is placed on the shore beside the dam body 1. The prism 3 is a 360° prism 3 fixed on the top of the monitoring pier 2, which is a monitoring point. The vertical measurement device is provided in the dam body 1 next to the monitoring point, which is a vertical measurement point, and includes a vertical line suspension device 4, The vertical protection tube 5, steel wire 6, vertical coordinate meter 7, weight 8 and floating bucket 9, the vertical protection tube 5 is hollow inside and is vertically arranged in the dam body 1, the vertical suspension device 4 is fixed on the top of the vertical protection tube 5, the steel wire 6 is arranged in the vertical protection tube 5, one end of the steel wire 6 is fixed on the vertical suspension device 4, and the other end is hung with a weight 8, the vertical coordinate meter 7 is installed on the steel wire 6 above the weight 8, the floating bucket 9 is placed on the ground in the monitoring corridor 11 of the dam body 1, and the weight 8 is placed in the floating bucket 9; the horizontal displacement meter 10 is arranged between the monitoring pier 2 and the vertical measurement device, one end of the horizontal displacement meter 10 is fixed on the top of the dam body 1 next to the monitoring pier 2, and the other end is connected to the vertical measurement device. The vertical measurement device consists of three layers, arranged from top to bottom in the monitoring corridor 11 of the dam body 1. The vertical protection pipe 5 is a pre-buried steel pipe or drilled. The vertical coordinate meter 7 is a capacitive vertical coordinate meter 7. By setting up multiple layers of vertical measurement devices, the relative transverse and longitudinal displacements between different high-level layers can be obtained. There are two horizontal displacement meters 10, which are arranged between the monitoring point and the vertical measurement point. One is arranged between the two ends of the vertical suspension device 4 and the monitoring point. They are surface-laid or groove-mounted. The connection point of the vertical suspension device 4 is a universal joint. The rod of the horizontal displacement meter 10 can be lengthened according to the distance to obtain the relative displacement between the two, and together constitute a monitoring device for converting vertical absolute displacement. The distance between the monitoring point and the vertical measurement point is ≤5m. The deformation monitoring system of the measuring robot is used to obtain the absolute transverse and longitudinal displacement of the measuring point in real time.

[0023] Using the above monitoring device, the calculation process of the absolute displacement of the three-story corridor is as follows:

[0024] 1) Based on the automatic data acquisition device, four height points are set from bottom to top inside the dam body 1, namely H1, H2, H3 and H4. H1 is the height of the dam base bottom, H4 is the height of the top of the dam body 1, and H2 and H3 are the heights of the two monitoring corridors 11 inside the dam body 1. In the initial state, the accumulated displacement of the automatic deformation monitoring point in the transverse direction at time t0 is TPx0, and the displacement in the downstream direction is TPy0. The length of the rod of the first horizontal displacement meter 10 is L10, and the length of the rod of the second horizontal displacement meter 10 is L20. The distance between the two ends of the vertical suspension device 4 is D;

[0025] 2) At time ti, affected by the upstream water level or temperature, the dam displaces. Based on the automatic data acquisition device, the cumulative displacement of the deformation measurement robot monitoring point in the transverse direction is TPxi, and the cumulative displacement in the downstream direction is TPyi. The displacement change of the first horizontal displacement meter 10 is δL1i, and the displacement change of the second horizontal displacement meter 10 is δL2i. The relative transverse displacements of PL3 from H4 to H3, PL2 from H3 to H2, and PL1 from H2 to H1 are dx3i, dx2i, and dx1i, respectively. The relative downstream displacements are dy3i, dy2i, and dy1i.

[0026] 3) At the dam crest elevation H4, the absolute transverse displacement of the PL3 vertical suspension device 4 is Dx4 = [D 2 +(L10+δL1i) 2 -(L20+δL2i) 2 ] / 2D+TPxi-TPx0, absolute displacement along the river

[0027] At the H3 elevation monitoring corridor 11, the absolute transverse displacement Dx3 at the PL2 vertical suspension device 4 is [D 2 +(L10+δL1i) 2 -(L20+δL2i) 2 ] / 2D+TPxi-TPx0-dx3i, absolute displacement along the river

[0028] At the H2 elevation monitoring corridor 11, the absolute transverse displacement of the PL1 vertical suspension device 4 is Dx2 = [D 2 +(L10+δL1i) 2 -(L20+δL2i) 2 ] / 2D+TPxi-TPx0-dx3i-dx2i, absolute displacement along the river

[0029] In the H1 elevation base monitoring corridor 11, the corresponding absolute displacement in the horizontal direction is Dx2 = [D 2+(L10+δL1i) 2 -(L20+δL2i) 2 ] / 2D+TPxi-TPx0-dx3i-dx2i-dx1i, absolute displacement along the river

[0030] When the number of corridors is more than three, the above calculation method can be used to obtain more absolute displacements of vertical measuring points.

[0031] The present invention enables a real-time conversion device for vertical to absolute displacement, providing not only accurate and reliable monitoring but also ease of use. This device utilizes a top-down monitoring system to convert vertical to absolute displacement in real time, overcoming the previous problem of being unable to measure the absolute displacement of each vertical elevation measurement point on a concrete dam due to the lack of an inverted plumb line.

Claims

1. A monitoring method for converting the vertical absolute displacement of a concrete dam, applied to a monitoring device for converting the vertical absolute displacement of a concrete dam, the monitoring device being arranged on the dam body, characterized in that The monitoring device includes an automated deformation monitoring system, a vertical measurement device and a horizontal displacement meter. The automated deformation monitoring system includes a monitoring pier and a measurement robot deformation monitoring system. The measurement robot deformation monitoring system includes a measurement robot and a prism. The measurement robot is placed on the shore beside the dam body, and the prism is fixed on the top of the monitoring pier, which is the monitoring point. The vertical measurement device is set in the dam body next to the monitoring point, which is the vertical measurement point. It includes a vertical line hanging device, a vertical line protection tube, a steel wire, a vertical line coordinate meter, a heavy hammer and a floating bucket. The vertical line protection tube is vertically set in the dam body, and the vertical line hanging device is fixed on the At the top of the plumb line protection tube, a plumb line coordinate meter is installed on a steel wire above the weight. A horizontal displacement meter is installed between the monitoring pier and the vertical measurement device. One end of the horizontal displacement meter is fixed to the top of the dam body next to the monitoring pier, and the other end is connected to the vertical measurement device. The vertical measurement device consists of three layers, arranged from top to bottom in the dam body monitoring corridor. By setting up three layers of vertical measurement devices, the relative transverse and along-river displacements between different elevation layers can be obtained. There are two horizontal displacement meters, one each between the two ends of the vertical suspension device and the monitoring point. The rod of the horizontal displacement meter can be extended according to the distance. The absolute displacement of the three-story corridor is calculated as follows: 1) From bottom to top, four height points are set inside the dam body, namely H1, H2, H3 and H4. H1 is the height of the dam base, H4 is the height of the top of the dam body, H2 and H3 are the heights of the two monitoring corridors inside the dam body, respectively. In the initial state, the cumulative displacement of the monitoring point across the river at time t0 is TPx0, and the displacement along the river is TPy0. The length of the first horizontal displacement meter rod is L10, the length of the second horizontal displacement meter rod is L20, and the distance between the two ends of the vertical suspension device is D; 2) At time ti, affected by the upstream water level or temperature, the dam displaces. The measured cumulative displacement of the monitoring point across the river is TPxi, and the cumulative displacement along the river is TPyi. The displacement change of the first horizontal displacement meter is δL1i, and the displacement change of the second horizontal displacement meter is δL2i. The relative cross-river displacements of PL3 from H4 to H3, PL2 from H3 to H2, and PL1 from H2 to H1 are dx3i, dx2i, and dx1i, respectively, and the relative along-river displacements are dy3i, dy2i, and dy1i. 3) At the dam crest elevation H4, the absolute transverse displacement of the PL3 vertical suspension device is Dx4 = [D 2 +(L10+δL1i) 2 -(L20+δL2i) 2 ] / 2D+TPxi-TPx0, absolute displacement along the river In the H3 elevation monitoring corridor, the absolute displacement of the lateral direction at the PL2 vertical suspension device is Dx3 = [D 2 +(L10+δL1i) 2 -(L20+δL2i) 2 ] / 2D+TPxi-TPx0-dx3i, absolute displacement along the river In the H2 elevation monitoring corridor, the absolute displacement of the lateral direction at the PL1 vertical suspension device is Dx2 = [D 2 +(L10+δL1i) 2 -(L20+δL2i) 2 ] / 2D+TPxi-TPx0-dx3i-dx2i, absolute displacement along the river In the H1 elevation basic monitoring corridor, the corresponding absolute displacement in the horizontal direction is Dx1= [D 2 +(L10+δL1i) 2 -(L20+δL2i) 2 ] / 2D+TPxi-TPx0-dx3i-dx2i-dx1i, absolute displacement along the river

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