Full negative pressure vacuum charging process and equipment for lead-acid batteries

Abstract

The present invention provides a full negative pressure vacuum charging process and equipment for lead-acid batteries. During the process, a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa is maintained throughout the charging process. Five charge-discharge stages are adopted. After the first four charge-discharge stages, discharging is carried out. There are a total of 17 steps of charging, lasting approximately 36 hours. Compared with the previous charging time, it is reduced, the charging efficiency is improved, and the power consumption and energy consumption are reduced; the charging acceptance efficiency of the active substances in the battery is effectively improved, thereby increasing the discharge time and discharge capacity of the battery under normal temperature and low temperature conditions, and enhancing the energy density of the battery; the temperature during the charging process of the battery is effectively reduced; in the process equipment, a negative pressure plate is connected to the acid pot on the acid injection port of the battery. The height of the acid pot is such that only the gas in the acid pot is extracted under a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa, so that the acid liquid will not be extracted. The negative pressure plate extracts negative pressure through a negative pressure pipe, which well matches the full negative pressure vacuum charging process and ensures the charging effect of the aforementioned charging process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of in - tank formation charging of lead - acid batteries, and particularly to a full - negative - pressure vacuum charging process and equipment for lead - acid batteries. Background Art

[0002] A lead - acid battery is a storage battery whose electrodes are mainly made of lead and its oxides, and the electrolyte is a sulfuric acid solution. In the discharged state of the lead - acid battery, the main component of the positive electrode is lead dioxide, and the main component of the negative electrode is lead; in the charged state, the main component of the positive electrode is lead dioxide, and the main component of the negative electrode is spongy lead. During the production process of lead - acid batteries, acid injection is required, followed by water cooling and then in - tank formation charging. Currently, the charging process has a long time and many steps, and the charging temperature is high, resulting in high energy consumption. The prior - art patent CN104124484A discloses a vacuum negative - pressure rapid charging method for cadmium - free in - tank formation batteries, which uses a closed, static vacuum negative - pressure, intermittent multi - stage, and large - current rapid charging method for the battery, having the advantages of saving production time, reducing charging power, energy conservation and consumption reduction, improving production efficiency, increasing the capacity of the battery, and improving the formation efficiency and cycle life. This patent is for cadmium - free in - tank formation batteries, with more process steps and longer time, and the negative - pressure air pressure is relatively low. The present application aims to provide a process with fewer steps and shorter charging time, so as to achieve a high - quality improvement in the performance of the battery. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a full - negative - pressure vacuum charging process for lead - acid batteries, including:

[0004] Step 1: First, insert an acid pot into the battery, connect the air outlet of the acid pot to a negative - pressure plate, place it in a water - bath tank, connect the negative - pressure plate to a negative - pressure pump, and maintain a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa;

[0005] Step 2: The first charge - discharge stage: Charge successively with currents of 3A, 6.5A, and 10A, and then discharge with - 10A;

[0006] Step 3: The second charge - discharge stage: Charge with a current of 10A, and then discharge with - 10A;

[0007] Step 4: The third charge - discharge stage: Charge with a current of 10A, and then discharge with - 10A;

[0008] Step 5: The fourth charge - discharge stage: Charge successively with currents of 10A, 8A, and 6A, and then discharge with - 10A;

[0009] Step 6: The fifth charge - discharge stage: Charge successively with currents of 10A, 8.5A, and 5A, and then perform acid pumping with 0.6A.

[0010] A further improvement lies in that in the second step, the first charge-discharge stage: charge at 3 A for 1.5 h, charge at 6.5 A for 1.5 h, charge at 10 A for 7 h, and discharge at -10 A for 0.5 h;

[0011] In the third step, the second charge-discharge stage: charge at 10 A for 3.5 h and discharge at -10 A for 1 h;

[0012] In the fourth step, the third charge-discharge stage: charge at 10 A for 4 h and discharge at -10 A for 1.25 h;

[0013] In the fifth step, the fourth charge-discharge stage: charge at 10 A for 3 h, charge at 8 A for 1.5 h, and charge at 6 A for 1.5 h, and discharge at -10 A for 1.75 h;

[0014] In the sixth step, the fifth charge-discharge stage: charge at 10 A for 2.5 h, charge at 8.5 A for 1 h, charge at 5 A for 1 h, and extract acid at 0.6 A for 1.5 h.

[0015] A further improvement lies in that after discharging at -10 A for 1.75 h in the fifth step, discharge at -10 A until the voltage of each battery is 9.8 V.

[0016] The present invention also provides a device based on the aforementioned full-negative-pressure vacuum charging process for lead-acid batteries, including a charging water bath tank. A roller path is arranged in the charging water bath tank to place the batteries. A frame is provided above the charging water bath tank, and a negative pressure pipe is arranged on the frame. An acid pot is arranged at each acid injection port of the battery. Every three batteries form a group and are connected to the air outlet at the top of the acid pot by a negative pressure plate; the negative pressure plate is connected to the end of the negative pressure pipe.

[0017] A further improvement lies in that the negative pressure plate is of a grid frame structure. Negative pressure ports corresponding to the air outlets of the acid pots are distributed at the bottom of the negative pressure plate. A sealing rubber sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the negative pressure port and is sleeved on the air outlet of the corresponding acid pot; a negative pressure air duct covering the negative pressure port is arranged inside the negative pressure plate. The right side of the negative pressure air duct is connected to a negative pressure air extraction port, and the negative pressure air extraction port is connected to the negative pressure pipe through a branch pipe.

[0018] A further improvement lies in that the head end of the negative pressure pipe is connected to a vacuum negative pressure tank, and the vacuum negative pressure tank is connected to a vacuum pump.

[0019] A further improvement lies in that the height of the acid pot meets the condition of only extracting the gas at the top inside the acid pot under a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa.

[0020] Advantages of the present invention: First, during the charging process of the present invention, a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa is continuously maintained. Five charge and discharge stages are adopted. After the first four charge and discharge stages, discharging is carried out. There are a total of 17 steps of charging, which takes about 36 hours. Compared with the previous charging time, it is reduced, the efficiency of taking effect is improved, and the power consumption and energy consumption are reduced; the charging acceptance efficiency of the active substances in the battery is effectively improved, thereby increasing the discharge time and discharge capacity of the battery under normal temperature and low temperature conditions, and increasing the energy density of the battery; the temperature during the charging process of the battery is effectively reduced.

[0021] Second, during the first charging of the present invention, the charging is carried out in a manner of increasing current. The second and third chargings are both carried out with a current of 10 A. The fourth and fifth chargings are carried out in a manner of decreasing current. In this way, in combination with continuously maintaining a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa, the performance of the battery is guaranteed to the greatest extent.

[0022] Third, the full negative pressure vacuum charging device of the present invention connects the negative pressure plate with the acid pot on the acid injection port of the battery. The height of the acid pot is such that only the gas in the acid pot is extracted under a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa, so that the acid liquid will not be extracted. The negative pressure plate extracts negative pressure through the negative pressure pipe, which well meets the matching of the full negative pressure vacuum charging process and ensures the charging effect of the aforementioned charging process.

[0023] Fourth, the negative pressure plate of the full negative pressure vacuum charging device of the present invention adopts a net frame structure, which can cover multiple batteries for vacuum extraction. The sealing rubber sleeve is tightly connected to the air outlet of the acid pot to ensure the sealing effect, thereby ensuring the stability of the full negative pressure of vacuum extraction; the negative pressure pipe is connected to the vacuum negative pressure tank, and the extracted gas is stored in the vacuum negative pressure tank, and the vacuum power source is provided by the vacuum pump. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is the front view of the full negative pressure vacuum charging device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection of the negative pressure pipe to the vacuum negative pressure tank and the vacuum pump.

[0026] Figure 3 is the bottom view of the negative pressure plate.

[0027] Figure 4 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the connection between the negative pressure plate and the acid pot.

[0028] Wherein: 1 - charging water bath tank, 2 - roller path, 3 - frame, 4 - negative pressure pipe, 5 - negative pressure plate, 6 - negative pressure port, 7 - sealing rubber sleeve, 8 - negative pressure air duct, 9 - negative pressure air extraction port, 10 - branch pipe, 11 - vacuum negative pressure tank, 12 - vacuum pump, 13 - acid pot. Detailed Embodiments

[0029] To deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] As Figures 1-4 shown, this embodiment provides a device for the full negative pressure vacuum charging process of a lead-acid battery, including a charging water bath tank 1. A roller path 2 is arranged in the charging water bath tank 1 to place the battery. Above the charging water bath tank 1 is a frame 3, and a negative pressure pipe 4 is arranged on the frame 3. An acid pot 13 is arranged at each acid injection port of the battery. Every three batteries form a group and are connected to the air outlet at the top of the acid pot 13 by a negative pressure plate 5; the negative pressure plate 5 is connected to the end of the negative pressure pipe 4; the height of the acid pot 13 satisfies that only the gas at the top inside the acid pot 13 is extracted under the condition of a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa. By connecting the negative pressure plate 5 with the acid pot 13 at the acid injection port of the battery, and the height of the acid pot satisfies that only the gas inside the acid pot 13 is extracted under a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa, so that the acid liquid will not be extracted. The negative pressure plate 5 extracts negative pressure through the negative pressure pipe 4, which well matches the full negative pressure vacuum charging process and ensures the charging effect of the following charging process.

[0031] The negative pressure plate 5 is of a grid frame structure. Negative pressure ports 6 corresponding to the air outlets of the acid pots 13 are distributed at the bottom of the negative pressure plate 5. A sealing rubber sleeve 7 is arranged at the bottom of the negative pressure port 6, and the sealing rubber sleeve 7 is sleeved on the air outlet of the corresponding acid pot 13; there is a negative pressure air duct 8 covering the negative pressure port 6 inside the negative pressure plate 5. The right side of the negative pressure air duct 8 is connected to a negative pressure air extraction port 9, and the negative pressure air extraction port 9 is connected to the negative pressure pipe 4 through a branch pipe 10. The negative pressure pipe 4 is connected to a vacuum negative pressure tank 11 at the head end, and the vacuum negative pressure tank 11 is connected to a vacuum pump 12. The negative pressure plate 5 adopts a net frame structure, which can cover multiple batteries to extract vacuum. The sealing rubber sleeve 7 is tightly connected to the air outlet of the acid pot 13 to ensure the sealing effect, thereby ensuring the stability of the full negative pressure during vacuum extraction; the negative pressure pipe 4 is connected to the vacuum negative pressure tank to store the extracted gas in the vacuum negative pressure tank 11, and the vacuum pump 12 provides a vacuum power source.

[0032] This embodiment provides a negative pressure vacuum charging process for a lead-acid battery, and the steps are as follows:

[0033] S1. First, insert 36 groups of batteries with acid pots into an integrated acid injection machine for acid injection;

[0034] S2. Press the negative pressure plate on every three batteries by an automatic pressing plate machine;

[0035] S3. After the battery is cooled by water bath, it is lifted and transported into the water bath tank;

[0036] S4. Connect the negative pressure air extraction port of the negative pressure plate to the negative pressure pipe through a branch pipe, and start the vacuum pump to evacuate to ensure that the negative pressure in the acid pot is 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa. The vacuum pump sucks the gas in the acid pot into the vacuum negative pressure tank;

[0037] S5. Charge at a current of 3 A for 1.5 h;

[0038] S6. Charge at a current of 6.5 A for 1.5 h;

[0039] S7. Charge at a current of 10 A for 7 h;

[0040] S8. Discharge at a current of -10 A for 0.5 h;

[0041] S9. Charge at a current of 10 A for 3.5 h;

[0042] S10. Discharge at a current of -10 A for 1 h;

[0043] S11. Charge at a current of 10 A for 4 h;

[0044] S12. Discharge at a current of -10 A for 1.25 h;

[0045] S13. Charge at a current of 10 A for 3 h;

[0046] S14. Charge at a current of 8 A for 1.5 h;

[0047] S15. Charge at a current of 6 A for 1.5 h;

[0048] S16. Discharge at a current of -10 A for 1.75 h;

[0049] S17. Discharge at a current of -10 A until the voltage of each battery is 9.8 V;

[0050] S18. Charge at a current of 10 A for 2.5 h;

[0051] S19. Charge at a current of 8.5 A for 1 h;

[0052] S20. Charge at a current of 5 A for 1 h;

[0053] S21. After pumping acid at a current of 0.6 for 1.5 h, end the charging.

[0054] Maintain a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa throughout the charging process. Adopt five charge-discharge stages. After the first four charge-discharge stages, discharge. There are a total of 17 steps of charging, which takes about 36 h, reducing the charging time compared to the past. The first charging is carried out in an increasing current mode, the second and third chargings are both carried out at 10 A, and the fourth and fifth chargings are carried out in a decreasing current mode. In this way, while maintaining a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa, the performance of the battery is guaranteed to the greatest extent.

[0055] The steps of S5 - S21 in this embodiment are shown in the following table:

[0056]

[0057] The comparative example does not use full negative pressure vacuum pumping for charging, and its specific charging process is as follows:

[0058] Step Charge / discharge Current A Time h 1 Charge 2.5 2 2 Charge 5 2.5 3 Charge 7.5 5.5 4 Discharge -10 0.75 5 Charge 8.5 1.5 6 Charge 6.5 3 7 Discharge -10 1 8 Charge 8.5 2 9 Charge 6.5 3 10 Discharge -10 1.25 11 Charge 8.5 2 12 Charge 6.5 3 13 Discharge -10 1.5 14 Charge 8.5 3 15 Charge 6.5 3 16 Charge 5 3 17 Discharge -10 1.75 18 Discharge -10 9.8V per cell 19 Charge 8.5 2.5 20 Charge 6.5 1.5 21 Charge 4.5 1.5 22 Acid extraction 0.8 1.5

[0059] After charging the battery in this embodiment and the comparative example, the test results are as follows:

[0060] Test comparison items Ordinary charging method Full negative pressure vacuum charging Discharge time of 2 hours at 25°C 122.5 minutes 126.7 minutes Discharge time at low temperature of -18°C 86.7 minutes 91.5 minutes Discharge time at low temperature of -10°C 99.1 minutes 103.1 minutes Charging battery temperature 52-58℃ 45-49℃ Charging time 42 - 48 hours 32 - 40 hours Charging energy consumption 3.2 - 3.5 KWH per cell 2.7 - 2.9 KWH per cell

[0061] As can be seen from the above table, this embodiment can effectively reduce the charging time of the storage battery, improve the charging efficiency, and reduce the power consumption; it can effectively improve the charging acceptance efficiency of the active substances of the storage battery, thereby improving the discharge time and discharge capacity of the storage battery under normal temperature and low temperature conditions, and improving the energy density of the storage battery; it can effectively reduce the temperature during the charging process of the storage battery.

Claims

1. A full negative pressure vacuum charging process for lead-acid batteries, characterized in that, It includes: Step 1: First, insert the acid pot into the storage battery. Connect the air outlet of the acid pot to the negative pressure plate, place it in the water bath tank, connect the negative pressure plate to the negative pressure pump, and maintain a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa. Step 2: The first charge and discharge stage: Charge at 3 A for 1.5 h, charge at 6.5 A for 1.5 h, charge at 10 A for 7 h, and discharge at -10 A for 0.5 h. Step 3: The second charge and discharge stage: Charge at 10 A for 3.5 h, and discharge at -10 A for 1 h. Step 4: The third charge and discharge stage: Charge at 10 A for 4 h, and discharge at -10 A for 1.25 h. Step 5: The fourth charge and discharge stage: Charge at 10 A for 3 h, charge at 8 A for 1.5 h, charge at 6 A for 1.5 h, and discharge at -10 A for 1.75 h. Step 6: The fifth charge and discharge stage: Charge at 10 A for 2.5 h, charge at 8.5 A for 1 h, charge at 5 A for 1 h, and perform acid pumping for 1.5 h by charging at a current of 0.6 A. It also includes the equipment for this charging process. The equipment includes a charging water bath tank (1). A roller track (2) is arranged in the charging water bath tank (1) to place the storage battery. A frame (3) is provided above the charging water bath tank (1), and a negative pressure pipe (4) is arranged on the frame (3). An acid pot (13) is arranged at each acid injection port of the storage battery. Every three storage batteries form a group, and a negative pressure plate (5) is connected to the air outlet at the top of the acid pot (13); the negative pressure plate (5) is connected to the end of the negative pressure pipe (4).

2. The all-negative-pressure vacuum charging process for a lead-acid battery as described in claim 1, wherein, After discharging at -10 A for 1.75 h in Step 5, then discharge at -10 A until the voltage of each battery is 9.8 V.

3. The device for the lead-acid battery full-negative-pressure vacuum charging process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure plate (5) is of a grid frame structure. Negative pressure ports (6) corresponding to the air outlets of the acid pots (13) are distributed at the bottom of the negative pressure plate (5). A sealing rubber sleeve (7) is arranged at the bottom of the negative pressure port (6), and the sealing rubber sleeve (7) is sleeved on the air outlet of the corresponding acid pot (13); there is a negative pressure air channel (8) covering the negative pressure port (6) inside the negative pressure plate (5). The right side of the negative pressure air channel (8) is connected to a negative pressure air extraction port (9), and the negative pressure air extraction port (9) is connected to the negative pressure pipe (4) through a branch pipe (10).

4. The equipment for the full negative pressure vacuum charging process of the lead-acid battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first end of the negative pressure pipe (4) is connected to a vacuum negative pressure tank (11), and the vacuum negative pressure tank (11) is connected to a vacuum pump (12).

5. The device for the all-negative-pressure vacuum charging process of the lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the acid pot (13) meets the condition of only extracting the gas at the top inside the acid pot (13) under a negative pressure of 0.03 - 0.1 Mpa.

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