Method of pouring floor slabs for buildings

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for casting a floor slab for a building, and belongs to the technical field of building. The method comprises the following steps: step S1: installing a formwork: setting up a floor slab formwork of an Nth layer in an area surrounded by a wall of an Nth layer; step S2: tying floor slab steel bars: tying the floor slab steel bars of an Nth layer on the upper surface of the floor slab formwork of the Nth layer, and tying and fixing the floor slab steel bars of the Nth layer to the upper ends of the wall steel bars of the Nth layer; step S3: casting: casting the floor slab concrete of the Nth layer by using temperature-regulated concrete; the cast concrete is temperature-regulated before casting, and the temperature of the concrete is directly controlled, so as to reduce the temperature load, improve the casting quality, avoid the occurrence of cracks, and cause various problems such as moisture reentry, water leakage, and rain leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for pouring a building floor slab, and belongs to the technical field of construction. Background Art

[0002] At present, cracks often appear after concrete construction, causing various problems such as moisture, water leakage, and rain leakage. Temperature load is an important cause of cracking of large-volume concrete. Therefore, temperature control of concrete during construction is a very important part of design and construction in such projects. Currently, the commonly used temperature control methods can be summarized into three aspects: water pipe cooling, warehouse surface heat dissipation, and surface insulation. The combined use of these measures has a significant effect on preventing cracks, but cracks in large-volume concrete still often occur, affecting the normal construction progress and safe operation of the project. The main reason lies in the unreasonable combination of these measures, such as the sparse layout of water pipes, high cooling water temperature, unreasonable thickness and insulation time of surface insulation materials, and excessive reliance on warehouse surface heat dissipation.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for pouring a floor slab for a building, which can control the pouring temperature. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for pouring building floor slabs, control the pouring temperature, improve the pouring quality, avoid cracks, and avoid various problems such as moisture, water leakage, and rain leakage.

[0005] The method for pouring a building floor slab according to the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step S1: Installing the formwork: erecting the floor formwork of the Nth floor in the area surrounded by the wall of the Nth floor;

[0007] Step S2: tying the floor slab reinforcement: tying the floor slab reinforcement of the Nth layer on the upper surface of the floor slab formwork of the Nth layer, and tying and fixing the floor slab reinforcement of the Nth layer to the upper end of the wall reinforcement of the Nth layer;

[0008] Step S3: pouring: pouring the Nth floor slab concrete using the temperature-regulated concrete.

[0009] The temperature of the concrete to be poured is adjusted before pouring, which directly controls the temperature of the concrete, reduces the temperature load, improves the pouring quality, avoids cracks, and causes various problems such as moisture, leakage, and rain leakage.

[0010] Preferably, the temperature of the temperature-regulated concrete is regulated by a heat exchange device, and the heat exchange device is arranged between the outlet of the pouring mixer and the transport crane.

[0011] Preferably, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0012] Step S31: Mixing concrete: Mixing concrete in a pouring mixer;

[0013] Step S32: Temperature adjustment: a heat exchange device is arranged at the outlet of the pouring mixer to adjust the temperature of the concrete after being stirred by the pouring mixer through the heat exchange device;

[0014] Step S33: pouring: The temperature-adjusted concrete is transported and hoisted to the warehouse surface for pouring, and the Nth floor slab concrete is poured.

[0015] A heat exchange device is installed at the outlet of the pouring mixer, and the heat exchange device exchanges heat with the concrete to adjust the temperature of the concrete after mixing by the pouring mixer. The concrete after temperature adjustment is then transported and hoisted to the warehouse surface for pouring. Since it is difficult to install equipment on the warehouse surface, a heat exchange device is installed at the outlet of the pouring mixer close to the warehouse surface to reduce heat loss after exchange.

[0016] Preferably, the temperature adjustment in step S32 specifically includes the following steps:

[0017] Step S321: temperature measurement: measuring the temperature of the concrete at the outlet of the pouring mixer by a temperature sensor;

[0018] Step S322: temperature judgment: when the temperature sensor shows that the temperature of the concrete slurry is too low, proceed to step S323; when the temperature sensor shows that the temperature of the concrete slurry is too high, proceed to step S324;

[0019] Step S323: temperature adjustment: introducing heat medium into the heat exchange equipment to heat the concrete slurry;

[0020] Step S324: Cooling adjustment: introducing a cold medium into the heat exchange equipment to exchange heat and cool down the concrete slurry.

[0021] The heat exchange of concrete slurry is completed by using hot medium and cold medium, that is, heating and cooling.

[0022] Preferably, the heat exchange equipment includes a cooling heat exchange equipment and a heating heat exchange equipment, and the medium inlets of the cooling heat exchange equipment and the heating heat exchange equipment are respectively provided with a cooling valve and a heating valve, and the step S323 opens the heating valve to allow hot medium to heat exchange and heat up the concrete slurry during temperature increase regulation, and the step S324 opens the cooling valve to allow cold medium to heat exchange and cool down the concrete slurry during temperature decrease regulation.

[0023] The circulation of hot medium and cold medium is controlled by opening and closing the cooling valve and the heating valve, that is, the opening and closing of heating and cooling. When the temperature of the concrete slurry is too low, the heating valve is opened, and the heating valve is closed after it reaches the appropriate temperature; when the temperature of the concrete slurry is too high, the cooling valve is opened, and the cooling valve is closed after it drops to the appropriate temperature.

[0024] Preferably, the medium inlet temperature and flow rate of the cooling heat exchange device and the heating heat exchange device are determined by the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Given the concrete slurry temperature difference ΔTslurry and concrete slurry flow rate mslurry of the heat exchange equipment;

[0026] Step 2: According to the concrete slurry flow rate, the specific heat capacity of the concrete slurry and the temperature difference of the concrete slurry, the heat exchange capacity of the concrete slurry is obtained: Qslurry = mslurry cp,slurryΔTslurry, where Qslurry represents the heat exchange capacity of the concrete slurry; cp,slurry represents the specific heat capacity of the concrete slurry;

[0027] Step 3: Calculate the average temperature difference ΔT between the cold and hot fluids according to the effective heat exchange area A=Qslurry / (KΔT) of the heat exchange equipment, where K represents the total heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange equipment;

[0028] Step 4: Calculate the average temperature difference of the heat transfer medium of the heat exchange equipment according to the average temperature difference ΔT of the cold and hot fluids of the heat exchange equipment and the heat transfer amount;

[0029] Step 5: Calculate the medium inlet temperature and flow rate based on the average temperature difference of the medium in the heat exchange equipment.

[0030] In the opening and closing control of the cooling valve and the heating valve, the medium inlet temperature and flow rate are calculated according to the temperature difference and flow rate required for heating or cooling the concrete slurry, so as to accurately control the medium circulation and accurately use the hot medium and the cold medium to complete the heat exchange of the concrete slurry, that is, heating and cooling, so that the concrete slurry can be accurately heated and cooled to the appropriate temperature.

[0031] Preferably, the media of the temperature-lowering heat exchange device and the temperature-raising heat exchange device are cold water and hot water, respectively.

[0032] Cold and hot water are easily available, making construction easier.

[0033] Preferably, the hot water is heated by a solar heating device.

[0034] Solar heating is a mature method and does not cause energy waste.

[0035] Preferably, the cold water is cooled by a refrigeration device.

[0036] The refrigeration equipment has good cooling effect, which makes it easy to accurately cool the concrete slurry to the appropriate temperature.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The method for pouring building floor slabs of the present invention adjusts the temperature of the poured concrete before pouring, directly controls the temperature of the concrete, reduces the temperature load, improves the pouring quality, avoids the occurrence of cracks, and avoids various problems such as moisture reentry, water leakage, and rain leakage; according to the temperature difference and flow rate required for heating or cooling the concrete slurry, the medium inlet temperature and flow rate are calculated, thereby accurately controlling the medium circulation, accurately utilizing the hot medium and the cold medium to complete the heat exchange of the concrete slurry, that is, heating and cooling, so that the concrete slurry is accurately heated and cooled to a suitable temperature. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] The method for pouring a building floor slab according to the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0042] Step S1: Installing the formwork: erecting the floor formwork of the Nth floor in the area surrounded by the wall of the Nth floor;

[0043] Step S2: tying the floor slab reinforcement: tying the floor slab reinforcement of the Nth layer on the upper surface of the floor slab formwork of the Nth layer, and tying and fixing the floor slab reinforcement of the Nth layer to the upper end of the wall reinforcement of the Nth layer;

[0044] Step S3: pouring: pouring the Nth floor slab concrete using the temperature-regulated concrete.

[0045] The temperature of the concrete to be poured is adjusted before pouring, which directly controls the temperature of the concrete, reduces the temperature load, improves the pouring quality, avoids cracks, and causes various problems such as moisture, leakage, and rain leakage.

[0046] Furthermore, the temperature of the temperature-regulated concrete is regulated by a heat exchange device, and the heat exchange device is arranged between the outlet of the pouring mixer and the transport crane.

[0047] Furthermore, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] Step S31: Mixing concrete: Mixing concrete in a pouring mixer;

[0049] Step S32: Temperature adjustment: a heat exchange device is arranged at the outlet of the pouring mixer to adjust the temperature of the concrete after being stirred by the pouring mixer through the heat exchange device;

[0050] Step S33: pouring: The temperature-adjusted concrete is transported and hoisted to the warehouse surface for pouring, and the Nth floor slab concrete is poured.

[0051] A heat exchange device is installed at the outlet of the pouring mixer, and the heat exchange device exchanges heat with the concrete to adjust the temperature of the concrete after mixing by the pouring mixer. The concrete after temperature adjustment is then transported and hoisted to the warehouse surface for pouring. Since it is difficult to install equipment on the warehouse surface, a heat exchange device is installed at the outlet of the pouring mixer close to the warehouse surface to reduce heat loss after exchange.

[0052] Specifically, the temperature adjustment in step S32 specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] Step S321: temperature measurement: measuring the temperature of the concrete at the outlet of the pouring mixer by a temperature sensor;

[0054] Step S322: temperature judgment: when the temperature sensor shows that the temperature of the concrete slurry is too low, proceed to step S323; when the temperature sensor shows that the temperature of the concrete slurry is too high, proceed to step S324;

[0055] Step S323: temperature adjustment: introducing heat medium into the heat exchange equipment to heat the concrete slurry;

[0056] Step S324: Cooling adjustment: introducing a cold medium into the heat exchange equipment to exchange heat and cool down the concrete slurry.

[0057] The heat exchange of concrete slurry is completed by using hot medium and cold medium, that is, heating and cooling.

[0058] Here, the heat exchange equipment includes a cooling heat exchange equipment and a heating heat exchange equipment. The medium inlets of the cooling heat exchange equipment and the heating heat exchange equipment are respectively provided with a cooling valve and a heating valve. In step S323, when the temperature is increased, the heating valve is opened to allow hot medium to be introduced to heat exchange and heat up the concrete slurry. In step S324, when the temperature is decreased, the cooling valve is opened to allow cold medium to heat exchange and cool down the concrete slurry.

[0059] The circulation of hot medium and cold medium is controlled by opening and closing the cooling valve and the heating valve, that is, the opening and closing of heating and cooling. When the temperature of the concrete slurry is too low, the heating valve is opened, and the heating valve is closed after it reaches the appropriate temperature; when the temperature of the concrete slurry is too high, the cooling valve is opened, and the cooling valve is closed after it drops to the appropriate temperature.

[0060] In order to accurately heat and cool the concrete slurry to a suitable temperature, the medium inlet temperature and flow rate of the cooling heat exchange device and the heating heat exchange device are determined by the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Given the concrete slurry temperature difference ΔTslurry and concrete slurry flow rate mslurry of the heat exchange equipment;

[0062] Step 2: According to the concrete slurry flow rate, the specific heat capacity of the concrete slurry and the temperature difference of the concrete slurry, the heat exchange capacity of the concrete slurry is obtained: Qslurry = mslurry cp,slurryΔTslurry, where Qslurry represents the heat exchange capacity of the concrete slurry; cp,slurry represents the specific heat capacity of the concrete slurry;

[0063] Step 3: Calculate the average temperature difference ΔT between the cold and hot fluids according to the effective heat exchange area A=Qslurry / (KΔT) of the heat exchange equipment, where K represents the total heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange equipment;

[0064] Step 4: Calculate the average temperature difference of the heat transfer medium of the heat exchange equipment according to the average temperature difference ΔT of the cold and hot fluids of the heat exchange equipment and the heat transfer amount;

[0065] Step 5: Calculate the medium inlet temperature and flow rate based on the average temperature difference of the medium in the heat exchange equipment.

[0066] Here, the concrete slurry temperature difference Δtslurry is the absolute value of the difference between the temperature to be controlled for the concrete slurry and the temperature of the concrete slurry displayed by the temperature sensor.

[0067] In the opening and closing control of the cooling valve and the heating valve, the medium inlet temperature and flow rate are calculated according to the temperature difference and flow rate required for heating or cooling the concrete slurry, so as to accurately control the medium circulation and accurately use the hot medium and the cold medium to complete the heat exchange of the concrete slurry, that is, heating and cooling, so that the concrete slurry can be accurately heated and cooled to the appropriate temperature.

[0068] Since the temperature of the concrete slurry at the outlet of the pouring mixer is controlled, this temperature is different from the temperature of the concrete slurry during pouring. The most direct way to control the temperature of the concrete during the construction period is to control the temperature of the concrete slurry during pouring. Here, since the temperature of the concrete slurry during pouring is difficult to control, the temperature of the concrete slurry during pouring is converted into the temperature of the concrete slurry at the outlet of the pouring mixer for control.

[0069] The relationship between the temperature of the concrete slurry during pouring and the temperature of the concrete slurry at the outlet of the pouring mixer is calculated as follows:

[0070] T=Tslurry+ΔT

[0071] Wherein, T represents the temperature of concrete slurry during pouring, Tslurry represents the temperature of concrete slurry that needs to be controlled, and ΔT represents the correction value of pouring temperature, all in ℃.

[0072] ΔT=(Ta-Tslurry)At

[0073] Among them, Ta represents the temperature of the environment during pouring, A represents the temperature loss parameter during the transportation and lifting of concrete, and t represents the time of transportation and lifting of concrete.

[0074] A can be determined based on empirical values. Specifically, ΔT, Ta, Tslurry, and t can be collected as a sample set. A is calculated from the sample values.

[0075] Specifically, the media of the temperature-lowering heat exchange device and the temperature-raising heat exchange device are cold water and hot water respectively.

[0076] Cold and hot water are easily available, making construction easier.

[0077] The hot water is heated by solar heating equipment.

[0078] Solar heating is a mature method and does not cause energy waste.

[0079] The cold water is cooled by a refrigeration device.

[0080] The refrigeration equipment has good cooling effect, which makes it easy to accurately cool the concrete slurry to the appropriate temperature.

[0081] The method for pouring building floor slabs of the present invention adjusts the temperature of the poured concrete before pouring, directly controls the temperature of the concrete, reduces the temperature load, improves the pouring quality, avoids the occurrence of cracks, and avoids various problems such as moisture reentry, water leakage, and rain leakage; according to the temperature difference and flow rate required for heating or cooling the concrete slurry, the medium inlet temperature and flow rate are calculated, thereby accurately controlling the medium circulation, accurately utilizing the hot medium and the cold medium to complete the heat exchange of the concrete slurry, that is, heating and cooling, so that the concrete slurry is accurately heated and cooled to a suitable temperature.

Claims

1. A method for pouring a building floor slab, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: Installing the formwork: erecting the floor formwork of the Nth floor in the area surrounded by the wall of the Nth floor; Step S2: tying the floor slab reinforcement: tying the floor slab reinforcement of the Nth layer on the upper surface of the floor slab formwork of the Nth layer; Step S3: pouring: pouring the Nth floor slab concrete; In step S2, the floor slab reinforcement of the Nth layer is tied and fixed to the upper end of the wall reinforcement of the Nth layer; in step S3, the temperature-regulated concrete is used to cast the floor slab concrete of the Nth layer; The step S3 specifically includes the following steps: Step S31: Mixing concrete: Mixing concrete in a pouring mixer; Step S32: temperature adjustment: a heat exchange device is arranged at the outlet of the pouring mixer to adjust the temperature of the concrete after being stirred by the pouring mixer through the heat exchange device; Step S33: pouring: the temperature-adjusted concrete is transported and hoisted to the warehouse surface for pouring, and the Nth floor slab concrete is poured; The temperature adjustment step S32 specifically includes the following steps: Step S321: temperature measurement: measuring the temperature of the concrete at the outlet of the pouring mixer by a temperature sensor; Step S322: temperature judgment: when the temperature sensor shows that the temperature of the concrete slurry is too low, proceed to step S323; when the temperature sensor shows that the temperature of the concrete slurry is too high, proceed to step S324; Step S323: temperature adjustment: introducing heat medium into the heat exchange equipment to heat the concrete slurry and increase its temperature; Step S324: Cooling adjustment: introducing a cold medium into the heat exchange equipment to cool down the concrete slurry by heat exchange; The heat exchange equipment includes a cooling heat exchange equipment and a heating heat exchange equipment, and the medium inlets of the cooling heat exchange equipment and the heating heat exchange equipment are respectively provided with a cooling valve and a heating valve, and the step S323 opens the heating valve to pass the hot medium to heat the concrete slurry during the temperature increase adjustment, and the step S324 opens the cooling valve to pass the cold medium to heat the concrete slurry during the temperature decrease adjustment; The medium inlet temperature and flow rate of the cooling heat exchange device and the heating heat exchange device are determined by the following steps: Step 1: Given the concrete slurry temperature difference ΔTslurry and concrete slurry flow rate mslurry of the heat exchange equipment; Step 2: According to the concrete slurry flow rate, the specific heat capacity of the concrete slurry and the temperature difference of the concrete slurry, the heat exchange rate of the concrete slurry is obtained: Qslurry = mslurry cp,slurryΔTslurry, where Qslurry represents the heat exchange rate of the concrete slurry; cp,slurry represents the specific heat capacity of the concrete slurry; Step 3: Calculate the average temperature difference ΔT between the cold and hot fluids according to the effective heat exchange area A=Qslurry / (KΔT) of the heat exchange equipment, where K represents the total heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange equipment; Step 4: Calculate the average temperature difference of the heat transfer medium of the heat exchange equipment according to the average temperature difference ΔT of the cold and hot fluids of the heat exchange equipment and the heat transfer amount; Step 5: Calculate the medium inlet temperature and flow rate based on the average temperature difference of the medium in the heat exchange equipment; The concrete slurry temperature difference Δtslurry is the absolute value of the difference between the temperature of the concrete slurry to be controlled and the temperature of the concrete slurry displayed by the temperature sensor; In the opening and closing control of the cooling valve and the heating valve, the medium inlet temperature and flow rate are calculated according to the temperature difference and flow rate required for the concrete slurry to be heated or cooled, so as to control the medium circulation, and use the hot medium and the cold medium to complete the heat exchange of the concrete slurry, that is, heating and cooling, so that the concrete slurry can be accurately heated and cooled to the appropriate temperature; The relationship between the temperature of the concrete slurry during pouring and the temperature of the concrete slurry at the outlet of the pouring mixer is calculated as follows: T=Tslurry+ΔT Wherein, T represents the temperature of concrete slurry during pouring, Tslurry represents the temperature to be controlled for concrete slurry, and ΔT represents the correction value of pouring temperature, all in ℃. ΔT=(Ta-Tslurry)At Among them, Ta represents the temperature of the environment during pouring, A represents the temperature loss parameter during the transportation and lifting of concrete, and t represents the time of transportation and lifting of concrete.

2. The method for pouring a building floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the temperature-regulated concrete is regulated by a heat exchange device, and the heat exchange device is arranged between the outlet of the pouring mixer and the transport crane.

3. The method for pouring a building floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium of the temperature-lowering heat exchange device and the temperature-raising heat exchange device are cold water and hot water respectively.

4. The method for pouring a building floor slab according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hot water is heated by solar heating equipment.

5. The method for pouring a building floor slab according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cold water is cooled by a refrigeration device.