An active vibration damping drilling tool

Abstract

The present invention relates to a drilling vibration damping tool. It includes an upper sub and a lower sub, a housing for connecting the upper sub and the lower sub, a mandrel disposed within the housing, a guide wheel and an impeller sequentially sleeved on the mandrel, a locking cap for pressing the guide wheel and fixedly connected to the mandrel, a transmission cylinder fixedly connected to one end of the impeller, a rotor base fixedly connected to the inner hole of the lower sub, a rotor housing for connecting the mandrel and the rotor base, and a rotor assembly disposed within a sealed chamber. This tool can be applied to both vertical well section drilling and directional well section drilling; during the drilling process, this tool is always in a working state, capable of actively suppressing or reducing drill string vibration, protecting the drill bit, increasing the footage of a single drill bit, and thus improving the mechanical drilling rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an active vibration damping drilling tool in the technical field of vibration damping tools. Background Art

[0002] For formations with strong abrasiveness, large dip angles, and inhomogeneity, the drill string generally experiences axial, lateral, and torsional vibrations. Various vibrations cause unbalanced forces on the drill bit. Under the action of unbalanced dynamic forces, the drill bit is prone to instability, causing the instantaneous rotation center of the drill bit to continuously change on the cutting surface, and the actual drilling area deviates from the target point, increasing the distance of useless work. After the drill bit is eccentrically loaded, it performs asymmetric cutting on the bottom of the well, causing the wellbore trajectory to deviate from the designed track and resulting in well deviation. Moreover, the drill bit is more prone to eccentric wear, increasing the number of trips in and out of the well, and further leading to less footage per bit and low mechanical drilling speed. The patent "A PDC Bit Anti-Braking Device" (CN203614028U) can reduce the frequent braking of the PDC bit during drilling, maintain the working stability of the PDC bit, prevent premature damage to the drill bit, and thus improve the mechanical drilling speed and footage per bit of the PDC bit; eliminate the torque fluctuations, braking, and stalling of the drill string caused by drilling in hard and soft alternating layered formations, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing vibration, reducing drill string braking, and preventing downhole equipment failure. However, this device is passive vibration damping, that is, when the drill bit brakes, this device comes into play to weaken the vibration; moreover, the working mode of this device limits its application possibility in directional wells. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an active vibration damping drilling tool for the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0004] To solve the problems of well deviation, easy damage to the drill bit, and low mechanical drilling speed caused by drill string vibration during drilling in formations with strong abrasiveness, large dip angles, and inhomogeneity, this tool is always in a working state during downhole drilling, can actively suppress or reduce drill string vibration, protect the drill bit, increase the footage per bit, and thus improve the mechanical drilling speed.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] The tool includes an upper sub for connecting drill pipes, a lower sub for connecting drill bits; a housing for connecting the upper sub and the lower sub; a mandrel disposed within the housing; a guide wheel and an impeller sequentially sleeved on the mandrel for converting the kinetic energy of a liquid into mechanical energy; a locking cap for pressing the guide wheel and fixedly connected to the mandrel; a transmission cylinder fixedly connected to one end of the impeller, and the transmission cylinder and the housing form a first annular channel; a bearing disposed between the transmission cylinder and the mandrel; a rotor base fixedly connected to the inner hole of the lower sub, and the rotor base and the housing form a third annular channel; a rotor housing for connecting the mandrel and the rotor base, and the rotor housing, the mandrel and the rotor base form a sealed chamber, and the rotor housing and the housing form a second annular channel; a rotor assembly disposed within the sealed chamber; and a bearing disposed between the rotor assembly and the rotor base.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rotor assembly includes a rotor and a wear-resistant ring sleeved on the upper end of the rotor.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rotor is a combination of a cylinder and a cone, with small-diameter cylinders at both ends and a smooth transition from a large-diameter cylinder to a cone in the middle.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of axially spaced grooves are provided on the outer surface of the rotor, and magnetic strips are provided in each of the axially spaced grooves.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of axially spaced grooves are provided on the outer surface of the transmission cylinder, and magnetic strips are provided in each of the axially spaced grooves.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic strip is a cuboid made of a magnetic material.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rotor housing is a stepped tubular structure, and a wear-resistant ring is inlaid in the inner hole at its upper end.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the wear-resistant ring is a ring made of cemented carbide.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the middle part of the rotor base is a solid cylinder, and there are steps at both ends.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a stepped blind hole is provided on the upper step of the rotor base, and a fourth through channel arranged axially along the rotor base is provided on the lower step. One end of the fourth through channel communicates with the third annular channel, and the other end communicates with the lower sub.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] This tool can be applied to both vertical well drilling and directional well drilling. During the drilling process, the tool is always in a working state, capable of actively suppressing or reducing drill string vibration, protecting the drill bit, increasing the footage of a single drill bit, and thus improving the mechanical drilling rate. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an active vibration damping drilling tool according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0020] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in

[0021] In the figure: 1, upper sub; 2, housing; 3, locking cap; 4, guide wheel; 5, impeller; 6, mandrel; 7, drive cylinder; 8, first magnetic strip; 9, second magnetic strip; 10, rotor housing; 11, rotor base; 12, lower sub; 13, first bearing; 18, second bearing; 14, first wear ring; 15, second wear ring; 16, first sealing ring; 19, second sealing ring; 20, third sealing ring; 22, fourth sealing ring; 17, rotor; 21, key; 30, first annular channel; 31, second annular channel; 32, sealed chamber; 33, third annular channel; 1101, upper step; 1102, lower step; 1103, fourth channel; 50, rotor assembly. Detailed Embodiments

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. In the following text, the directional terms "down" and "downward" refer to the direction away from the wellhead, while "up" and "upward" refer to the direction towards the wellhead. In addition, the term "axial direction" refers to the up and down direction, and the term "radial direction" refers to the direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] Figure 1 shows an active vibration damping drilling tool according to the present invention, including an upper sub 1, a housing 2, a locking cap 3, a guide wheel 4, an impeller 5, a mandrel 6, a drive cylinder 7, a rotor housing 10, a rotor base 11, a lower sub 12, bearings 13, 18, and a rotor assembly 50.

[0025] The upper end of the upper sub 1 is provided with a thread for connecting the upper drill pipe; the lower end is provided with a thread for connecting the housing 2. The upper end of the lower sub 12 is provided with a thread for connecting the housing 2; the lower end is provided with a thread for connecting the drill bit. Both ends of the housing 2 are provided with threads. Its upper end is connected to the upper sub 1 and is provided with a fourth sealing ring 22, and its lower end is connected to the lower sub 12 and is provided with a third sealing ring 20. The mandrel 6 is arranged inside the housing 2, and both ends of the mandrel 6 are provided with threads.

[0026] The guide wheel 4 and the impeller 5 are sleeved on the mandrel 6 in sequence. The guide wheel 4 is connected to the mandrel 6 through a key 21; the guide wheel 4 and the impeller 5 are used to convert the kinetic energy of the liquid into mechanical energy.

[0027] The locking cap 3 is fixedly connected to the mandrel 6 through a thread and is used to press the guide wheel 4.

[0028] The upper end of the transmission cylinder 7 is provided with a thread and is fixedly connected to the impeller 5; several axially spaced grooves are provided on the outer surface of the transmission cylinder 7, and magnetic strips 9 are arranged in each of the axially spaced grooves. The magnetic strips 9 are cuboids made of magnetic materials; the transmission cylinder 7 and the housing 2 form a first annular channel 30.

[0029] The first bearing 13 is arranged between the transmission cylinder 7 and the mandrel 6.

[0030] The lower end of the rotor base 11 is provided with a thread and is fixedly connected to the inner hole of the lower sub 12; the middle part of the rotor base 11 is a solid cylinder, and both ends have an upper step 1101 and a lower step 1102.

[0031] The rotor base 11 and the housing 2 form a third annular channel 33.

[0032] The rotor housing 10 is a stepped tubular structure. The inner hole of its upper end is inlaid with a first wear-resistant ring 14. The first wear-resistant ring 14 is a ring made of hard alloy; both ends of the rotor housing 10 are provided with threads. Its upper end is connected to the mandrel 6 and is provided with a first sealing ring 16, and its lower end is connected to the rotor base 11 and is provided with a second sealing ring 19; the rotor housing 10 and the mandrel 6 and the rotor base 11 form a sealed chamber 32, and the rotor housing 10 and the housing 2 form a second annular channel 31.

[0033] The rotor assembly 50 is arranged inside the sealed chamber 32 and includes a rotor 17 and a second wear-resistant ring 15 sleeved on the upper end of the rotor 17; the rotor 17 is a combination of a cylinder and a cone. Its two ends are small-diameter cylinders, and the middle part is smoothly transitioned from a large-diameter cylinder to a cone; several axially spaced grooves are provided on the outer surface of the rotor 17, and magnetic strips 8 are arranged in each of the axially spaced grooves. The magnetic strips 8 are cuboids made of magnetic materials.

[0034] The second bearing 18 is arranged between the rotor assembly 50 and the rotor base 11.

[0035] The upper step 1101 of the rotor base 11 is provided with a stepped blind hole, and the lower step 1102 is provided with a through fourth channel 1103 arranged along the axial direction of the rotor base 11; one end of the fourth channel 1103 communicates with the third annular channel 33, and the other end communicates with the lower joint 12.

[0036] Embodiment 2:

[0037] An active vibration damping drilling tool includes an upper joint 1, a housing 2, a locking cap 3, a guide wheel 4, an impeller 5, a mandrel 6, a transmission cylinder 7, a rotor housing 10, a rotor base 11, a lower joint 12, bearings 13, 18 and a rotor assembly 50.

[0038] The upper end of the upper joint 1 is provided with a thread for connecting the upper drill pipe; the lower end is provided with a thread for connecting the housing 2. The upper end of the lower joint 12 is provided with a thread for connecting the housing 2; the lower end is provided with a thread for connecting the drill bit. Both ends of the housing 2 are provided with threads, its upper end is connected to the upper joint 1 and is provided with a fourth sealing ring 22, and its lower end is connected to the lower joint 12 and is provided with a third sealing ring 20. The mandrel 6 is arranged inside the housing 2, and both ends of the mandrel 6 are provided with threads.

[0039] The guide wheel 4 and the impeller 5 are sequentially sleeved on the mandrel 6, and the guide wheel 4 is connected to the mandrel 6 through a key 21; the guide wheel 4 and the impeller 5 are used to convert the kinetic energy of the liquid into mechanical energy.

[0040] The locking cap 3 is fixedly connected to the mandrel 6 through a thread and is used to press the guide wheel 4.

[0041] The upper end of the transmission cylinder 7 is provided with a thread and is fixedly connected to the impeller 5; several axially spaced grooves are provided on the outer surface of the transmission cylinder 7, and magnetic strips 9 are arranged in each of the axial grooves. The magnetic strips 9 are rectangular parallelepipeds made of magnetic materials; the transmission cylinder 7 and the housing 2 form a first annular channel 30.

[0042] The first bearing 13 is arranged between the transmission cylinder 7 and the mandrel 6.

[0043] The lower end of the rotor base 11 is provided with a thread and is fixedly connected to the inner hole of the lower joint 12; the middle part of the rotor base 11 is a solid cylinder, and both ends have an upper step 1101 and a lower step 1102.

[0044] The rotor base 11 and the housing 2 form a third annular channel 33.

[0045] The rotor housing 10 is a stepped tubular structure, with a first wear-resistant ring 14 inlaid in the inner hole at its upper end. The first wear-resistant ring 14 is a circular ring made of cemented carbide. The two ends of the rotor housing 10 are provided with threads. Its upper end is connected to the mandrel 6 and is provided with a first sealing ring 16, and its lower end is connected to the rotor base 11 and is provided with a second sealing ring 19. The rotor housing 10, the mandrel 6 and the rotor base 11 form a sealed chamber 32, and the rotor housing 10 and the housing 2 form a second annular channel 31.

[0046] The rotor assembly 50 is arranged in the sealed chamber 32, including a rotor 17 and a second wear-resistant ring 15 sleeved on the upper end of the rotor 17. The rotor 17 is a combination of a cylinder and a cone, with small-diameter cylinders at both ends and a smooth transition from a large-diameter cylinder to a cone in the middle. A number of axially spaced grooves are provided on the outer surface of the rotor 17, and magnetic strips 8 are provided in each of the axially grooves. The magnetic strips 8 are rectangular parallelepipeds made of magnetic materials.

[0047] The second bearing 18 is arranged between the rotor assembly 50 and the rotor base 11.

[0048] The upper step 1101 of the rotor base 11 is provided with a stepped blind hole, and the lower step 1102 is provided with a through fourth channel 1103 arranged axially along the rotor base 11. One end of the fourth channel 1103 communicates with the third annular channel 33, and the other end communicates with the lower joint 12.

[0049] As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, six axially spaced grooves are provided on the outer surface of the drive cylinder 7, and magnetic strips 9 are provided in each of the axially grooves. Six axially spaced grooves are provided on the outer surface of the rotor 17, and magnetic strips 8 are provided in each of the axially grooves.

[0050] Embodiment Three:

[0051] An active vibration damping drilling tool includes an upper joint 1, a housing 2, a locking cap 3, a guide wheel 4, an impeller 5, a mandrel 6, a drive cylinder 7, a rotor housing 10, a rotor base 11, a lower joint 12, bearings 13, 18 and a rotor assembly 50.

[0052] The upper end of the upper joint 1 is provided with a thread for connecting the upper drill pipe; the lower end is provided with a thread for connecting the housing 2. The upper end of the lower joint 12 is provided with a thread for connecting the housing 2; the lower end is provided with a thread for connecting the drill bit. The two ends of the housing 2 are provided with threads. Its upper end is connected to the upper joint 1 and is provided with a fourth sealing ring 22, and its lower end is connected to the lower joint 12 and is provided with a third sealing ring 20. The mandrel 6 is arranged in the housing 2, and the two ends of the mandrel 6 are provided with threads.

[0053] The guide wheel 4 and the impeller 5 are successively sleeved on the mandrel 6, and the guide wheel 4 is connected to the mandrel 6 through a key 21; the guide wheel 4 and the impeller 5 are used to convert the kinetic energy of the liquid into mechanical energy.

[0054] The locking cap 3 is fixedly connected to the mandrel 6 by a thread and is used to press the guide wheel 4.

[0055] The upper end of the transmission cylinder 7 is provided with a thread and is fixedly connected to the impeller 5; a plurality of axially spaced grooves are provided on the outer surface of the transmission cylinder 7, and magnetic strips 9 are provided in each of the axially spaced grooves. The magnetic strips 9 are rectangular parallelepipeds made of magnetic materials; the transmission cylinder 7 and the housing 2 form a first annular channel 30.

[0056] The first bearing 13 is arranged between the transmission cylinder 7 and the mandrel 6.

[0057] The lower end of the rotor base 11 is provided with a thread and is fixedly connected to the inner hole of the lower joint 12; the middle part of the rotor base 11 is a solid cylinder, and the two ends have an upper step 1101 and a lower step 1102.

[0058] The rotor base 11 and the housing 2 form a third annular channel 33.

[0059] The rotor housing 10 is a stepped tubular structure, the inner hole of its upper end is inlaid with a first wear-resistant ring 14, and the first wear-resistant ring 14 is a ring made of cemented carbide; the two ends of the rotor housing 10 are provided with threads, its upper end is connected to the mandrel 6 and is provided with a first sealing ring 16, and its lower end is connected to the rotor base 11 and is provided with a second sealing ring 19; the rotor housing 10 and the mandrel 6 and the rotor base 11 form a sealed chamber 32, and the rotor housing 10 and the housing 2 form a second annular channel 31.

[0060] The rotor assembly 50 is arranged in the sealed chamber 32 and includes a rotor 17 and a second wear-resistant ring 15 sleeved on the upper end of the rotor 17; the rotor 17 is a combination of a cylinder and a cone, the two ends are small-diameter cylinders, and the middle part is smoothly transitioned from a large-diameter cylinder to a cone; a plurality of axially spaced grooves are provided on the outer surface of the rotor 17, and magnetic strips 8 are provided in each of the axially spaced grooves. The magnetic strips 8 are rectangular parallelepipeds made of magnetic materials.

[0061] The second bearing 18 is arranged between the rotor assembly 50 and the rotor base 11.

[0062] The upper step 1101 of the rotor base 11 is provided with a stepped blind hole, and the lower step 1102 is provided with a fourth channel 1103 penetrating along the axis of the rotor base 11; one end of the fourth channel 1103 is communicated with the third annular channel 33, and the other end is communicated with the lower joint 12.

[0063] As Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, three fourth channels 1103 penetrating axially along the rotor base 11 are provided on the lower step 1102 of the rotor base 11.

[0064] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An active vibration damping drilling tool, comprising an upper sub (1) for connecting a drill pipe, a lower sub (12) for connecting a drill bit; a housing (2) for connecting the upper sub (1) and the lower sub (12); a mandrel (6) disposed within the housing (2), characterized in that, it further comprises a guide wheel (4) and an impeller (5) sequentially sleeved on the mandrel (6); a locking cap (3) for pressing the guide wheel (4) and fixedly connected to the mandrel (6); a transmission cylinder (7) fixedly connected to one end of the impeller (5), and the transmission cylinder (7) and the housing (2) form a first annular channel (30); a first bearing (13) disposed between the transmission cylinder (7) and the mandrel (6); a rotor base (11) fixedly connected to the inner hole of the lower sub (12), and the rotor base (11) and the housing (2) form a third annular channel (33); a rotor housing (10) for connecting the mandrel (6) and the rotor base (11), and the rotor housing (10), the mandrel (6) and the rotor base (11) form a sealed chamber (32), and the rotor housing (10) and the housing (2) form a second annular channel (31); a rotor assembly (50) disposed within the sealed chamber (32); and a second bearing (18) disposed between the rotor assembly (50) and the rotor base (11); the rotor assembly (50) includes a rotor (17), and a second wear-resistant ring (15) sleeved on the upper end of the rotor (17); the rotor (17) is a combination of a cylinder and a cone, with small-diameter cylinders at both ends and a large-diameter cylinder smoothly transitioning to a cone in the middle.

2. An active vibration damping drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, a plurality of axially spaced grooves are provided on the outer surface of the rotor (17), and second magnetic strips (9) are provided in each of the axially spaced grooves.

3. An active vibration damping drilling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, a plurality of axially spaced grooves are provided on the outer surface of the transmission cylinder (7), and first magnetic strips (8) are provided in each of the axially spaced grooves.

4. An active vibration damping drilling tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, the magnetic strip is a cuboid made of magnetic material.

5. An active vibration damping drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, the rotor housing (10) is a stepped tubular structure, and a first wear-resistant ring (14) is inlaid in the inner hole at its upper end.

6. An active vibration damping drilling tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, the wear-resistant ring is a ring made of cemented carbide.

7. An active vibration damping drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, the middle part of the rotor base (11) is a solid cylinder, and upper steps (1101) and lower steps (1102) are provided at both ends.

8. An active vibration damping drilling tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper step (1101) of the rotor base (11) is provided with a stepped blind hole, and the lower step (1102) is provided with a through fourth channel (1103) arranged along the axial direction of the rotor base. One end of the fourth channel (1103) is communicated with the third annular channel (33), and the other end is communicated with the lower joint (12).

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