A double-sector steering method for triangular boundaries of open-pit mining areas

Abstract

The present invention provides a double-sector steering method for the triangular boundary of an open-pit mining area. The steering method includes the following steps: Step 1, at the boundary of the triangular area, mutually perpendicular end walls and working walls are formed along the advancing direction of the first mining area to divide the triangular area into a first sector rotation interval and a second sector rotation interval of the triangle; the working wall of the first mining area continues to advance with the original working line length, and is arranged in a ditch on the end wall on the side close to the adjacent mining area until the end wall is close to the boundary of the first mining area; Step 2, mining and advancing the first sector rotation interval in accordance with the sector direction; Step 3, rock stripping amount and total coal mining amount are calculated based on the sector angle and specific parameters of the open-pit mine; the working wall rotates and advances until the first sector rotation interval is completely mined; Step 4, mining and advancing the second sector rotation interval in accordance with the sector direction. The steering process of the present invention is coherent and easy to implement on site, eliminating the cost of secondary stripping; the working line length variation range during steering is small, which is conducive to equipment layout and construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of open-pit mining, and in particular relates to a double-fan-shaped steering method for a triangular boundary of an open-pit mining area. Background Art

[0002] The final boundary of an open-pit mine is the spatial contour formed after the completion of mining. It is composed of the mine surface, bottom boundary, and various slopes. The demarcation of open-pit mining boundaries affects the amount of ore and rock within the mine, the mining process, and the mining technology. The demarcation of boundaries is generally based on national policies, the natural burial conditions of the ore deposit, the physical and chemical properties of the rock mass, engineering geological conditions, the degree of exploration, and geographical topography.

[0003] Open-pit coal mines typically cover large coalfields. Constrained by factors such as production capacity, equipment capabilities, mining scale, and economic benefits, open-pit mines are divided into several mining areas, each with its own boundaries, based on economic rationality and technical feasibility. These areas are then mined sequentially until the entire mine is mined. The shared boundary between two adjacent open-pit mines within the same coalfield, or the boundary between the mining areas of a single open-pit mine, may form a quasi-triangular boundary, inevitably leading to the problem of mining area rotation.

[0004] Under conventional division, the turning methods of mining area boundaries are generally divided into intermittent and continuous types. Intermittent turning means that when the previous mining area is about to be mined to the mining area boundary, a new trench is dug in the next adjacent mining area. It involves a large amount of infrastructure engineering and is generally not adopted. The continuous mining area turning methods, especially the right-angle trench and buffer wall turning and the fan-shaped turning methods, are widely applicable. The trench and buffer wall turning means that before the previous mining area is about to be mined to the boundary, a trench is left inside the end wall of the pre-turning side, and the buffer wall of this side is used as the working wall to complete the 90° turn. This turning method is more suitable for 90° and 180° turns. As for the turning problem of triangular boundaries, the trench and buffer wall turning method is not only complicated in procedure, but also very tight in space due to the boundary shape and the trench. The transportation road on the trench side is interrupted, and the transportation cost under single-loop transportation is greatly increased, so it is not applicable.

[0005] Sector-shaped steering involves rotating the working line in a fan-shaped pattern around a specific rotation center until the working face is perpendicular to the direction of advance in the new mining area. This steering method is consistent, efficient, and significantly reduces transportation costs compared to the previous method. However, regarding steering within a triangular boundary, regardless of the rotation center, the working line length varies significantly as the work progresses, making equipment deployment difficult and complex. It also hinders capacity planning and complicates monthly planning.

[0006] From the above, it can be seen that the current steering method of the triangular mining area boundary of open-pit mines still has many defects and is difficult to meet the needs of today's open-pit mines for efficient production.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved technical solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for double-sector steering of triangular boundaries of open-pit mining areas, so as to at least solve the current problem of difficulty in steering triangular boundaries of open-pit mining areas.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A method for double-sector steering of triangular boundaries of open-pit mining areas is disclosed. Adjacent mining areas of the open-pit mine are divided into a primary mining area and a secondary mining area. Along the advancing direction, the end of the primary mining area and the boundary of the secondary mining area form a triangular area. The steering method includes the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: At the boundary of the triangular area, mutually perpendicular end walls and working walls are formed along the advancing direction of the first mining area to divide the triangular area into a first sector rotation interval and a second sector rotation interval of the triangle; the working wall of the first mining area is continuously advanced along the original working line length, and the end wall on the side close to the adjacent mining area is left in the trench until the end wall approaches the boundary of the first mining area;

[0012] Step 2: Mining advance in the first fan rotation interval in the fan direction, with the fan rotation angle being θ i , determine the rotation center on the reverse extension line of the advancing working line, and determine the rotation radius R at the same time, and each peeling working line rotates and advances in the same direction around the rotation center;

[0013] Step 3: According to the fan angle θ i The rock stripping volume and total coal mining volume are calculated based on the specific parameters of the open pit mine, and the advancement plan is compiled. The rotation angle θ is used i Control production capacity; the working gang rotates and advances until all the first rotating section is mined;

[0014] Step 4: Advance the mining of the second fan rotation interval in the fan direction, leaving the soft side of one side of the ditch as the new working side, and then carry out the rotation advancement of the second fan rotation interval according to steps 2 and 3 until the advancement working line is perpendicular to the advancement direction of the second mining area. At this point, the mining area turning work is completed.

[0015] In the open-pit mine mining area triangular boundary double-sector steering method as described above, preferably, the open-pit mine coal seam is a horizontal coal seam.

[0016] In the above-mentioned double-sector steering method for the triangular boundary of the open-pit mining area, preferably, in step 2, the principle for determining the rotation radius R is: R ≥ L g , where L g The longest advancing work line length for the work gang.

[0017] In the double-sector steering method for triangular boundaries of an open-pit mining area as described above, preferably, in step 3, the propulsion line velocity v of the side of the working line farthest from the rotation center satisfies: Where ω is the angular velocity; v max The maximum propulsion speed that the equipment can meet.

[0018] In the double-sector steering method for the triangular boundary of the open-pit mining area as described above, preferably, the sector angle is θ i The range of values is 0≤θ i ≤θ max ,in,

[0019]

[0020] Dg is the length of the right-angled side of the triangle area parallel to the end.

[0021] In the open-pit mine mining area triangular boundary double-fan steering method as described above, preferably, the open-pit mine specific parameters include: starting working line length, boundary fixed angle, maximum mining depth, coal seam thickness, end wall slope angle and working wall slope angle.

[0022] In the double-sector steering method for the triangular boundary of an open-pit mining area as described above, preferably, the end wall comprises a first end wall and a second end wall, and the first end wall and the second end wall are respectively located on both sides of the working wall;

[0023] The side slope angles of the end side include a first side slope angle and a second side slope angle.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] This invention provides a double-sector diversion method for triangular boundaries in open-pit mining areas. A formula is provided to calculate the amount of coal and rock advanced throughout the diversion process, enabling efficient production capacity control. The continuous diversion method ensures a consistent diversion process, making it easy to implement on-site and eliminating the cost of secondary stripping. The working line length varies minimally during diversion, facilitating equipment layout and construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings and the accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. Among them:

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall turning process of an open pit mine during the implementation of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A computational model for the construction position of a certain period of time;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2Coal seam floor parameter calculation model of the trapezoidal area;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Coal seam roof parameter calculation model in the trapezoidal area;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 3 or Figure 4 AA section view in the figure;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 3 or Figure 4 BB surface cross-sectional view in.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Working side; 2. End side; 21. Ditch; 3. Inner dump; 31. Inner dump slope; 4. Turning and advancing construction position; 5. Coal seam floor; 6. Coal seam roof; 7. Coal seam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate component. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for double-sector steering of triangular boundaries of an open-pit mining area is provided, and the steering method includes the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: Divide the adjacent mining areas of the open-pit mine into the first mining area and the second mining area. Along the advancing direction, the end of the first mining area and the boundary of the second mining area form a triangle area; at the boundary of the triangle area, form mutually perpendicular end walls 2 and working walls 1 along the advancing direction of the first mining area to divide the triangle area into the first sector rotation interval and the second sector rotation interval of the triangle; when the first mining area is about to advance into the interior of the triangle area, start setting the inner row of grooves 21 on one side of the end wall 2, and the first mining area continues to advance forward until the end wall 2 is close to the boundary of the first mining area.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 The three areas ①, ②, and ③ in the figure together form the primary mining area, with ② being the first fan-rotation interval and ③ being the second fan-rotation interval. The right side of the ditch 21 at the inner end wall 2 of the primary mining area and the upper side of the working wall 1 form the gentle slope boundary 31 of the spoil dump. The inner spoil dump slope 31 forms the inner spoil dump 3 area.

[0039] The end side 2 includes a first end side and a second end side, the first end side and the second end side are respectively located on both sides of the working side 1; the second end side is located on the right side of the inner dumping ground 3. Figure 1 Not shown in the middle, it is covered by the inner spoil dump.

[0040] Step 2: Carry out mining advancement in the first fan rotation interval in the fan direction. The fan rotation angle is θi. The rotation center is determined on the reverse extension line of the advancement work line. At the same time, the rotation radius R is determined. Each stripping work line rotates and advances in the same direction around the rotation center.

[0041] Step 3: According to the fan angle θ i The rock stripping volume and total coal mining volume are calculated based on the specific parameters of the open pit mine, and the advancement plan is compiled. The rotation angle θ is used i Control production capacity; work gang 1 rotates and advances until all the first fan rotation intervals are mined.

[0042] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the propulsion linear velocity v on the side of the working line farthest from the rotation center satisfies: Where ω is the angular velocity, v max The maximum propulsion speed that the equipment can meet. The side (edge) of the working line farthest from the rotation center is the maximum linear speed. Controlling the maximum speed is to control global satisfaction. The maximum propulsion speed that the field equipment can meet is limited. If it is not met, the fan rotation cannot be completed.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, in the specific embodiment of the invention, the fan angle is θ i The range of values is 0≤θ i ≤θ max ;

[0044] Among them, Dg is the length of the right-angled side of the triangle area parallel to the end wall, which is related to the boundary division of the open-pit mine and is a fixed value. The maximum value is calculated according to the following formula.

[0045]

[0046] Step 4: Advance the mining of the second fan rotation interval in the fan direction. After leaving the first end side of the ditch 21 as the new working side, advance the rotation of the second fan rotation interval in accordance with steps 2 and 3 until the advancing working line is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the second mining area. At this point, the mining area turning work is completed.

[0047] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the open-pit coal seam is a horizontal coal seam 7, which is applicable to the formula of the present invention. According to the fan rotation angle θ i The rock stripping volume and total coal production are calculated based on the specific parameters of the open-pit mine.

[0048] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step 2, the principle for determining the rotation radius R is R ≥ L g , where L g The longest advancing working line length of work gang 1.

[0049] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific parameters of the open-pit mine include: the length of the starting working line, the fixed boundary angle, the maximum mining depth, the thickness of the coal seam 7, the slope angle of the end wall 2, and the slope angle of the working wall 1. The slope angle of the end wall 2 is the slope angle of the first end wall and the slope angle of the second end wall at both ends of the working wall 1.

[0050] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown in the figure, it is a calculation model diagram of the turning and advancing construction position 4 in a certain period of the present invention, which is used to calculate the rock stripping amount V in step 3. 岩 =f1(θ i ) and total coal production M 煤 =f2(θ i ), which is determined as follows:

[0051] L g is the starting working line length, θ g is the fixed angle of the boundary, H is the maximum mining depth, H m The thickness of the coal seam is 7, is the slope angle of the first end gang, is the slope angle of the second end ridge, α is the slope angle of the working ridge 1, and ρ is the bulk density of coal. The above are all known quantities determined according to the specific parameters of the open-pit mine. Other unknown quantities are derived from the above known parameters, thereby calculating the functional relationship, which is deduced as follows:

[0052]

[0053] D2=R tanθ i (2)

[0054] D3=D1 sin(180°-θ g ) (3)

[0055] L x1=D1 cos(180°-θ g ) (4)

[0056]

[0057]

[0058]

[0059]

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] S1, S2, and S3 are the ground surface area, the area of the coal seam floor 5, and the area of the coal seam roof 6, respectively. The calculation formula for the area of the coal seam roof 6 is the same as that for the area of the coal seam floor 5. In the formula, the parameters of the coal seam floor 5 are replaced by the corresponding parameters of the coal seam roof 6. The calculation result is obtained by the above parameters:

[0063]

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] Calculate the fan angle θ based on the volume of the trapezoid i Rock peeling amount V 岩 (Unit: m 3 ), total coal production M 煤 (Unit: t) Functional relationship between:

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] In the above formula, is the projected length of the slope angle of the first end side 2, L is the projection length of the slope angle of the second end 2. α is the projected length of the slope angle of working side 1, D1~D6, L x1 and L x2 These are all mathematical parameters set according to calculation needs.

[0070] In summary, the double-fan steering method for triangular boundaries of open-pit mining areas provided by the present invention has the advantages of precise production capacity control, continuous steering process, and low transportation costs.

[0071] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for double-sector steering of triangular boundaries of open-pit mining areas, wherein adjacent mining areas of the open-pit mine are divided into a primary mining area and a secondary mining area. Along the advancing direction, the end of the primary mining area and the boundary of the secondary mining area form a triangular area, characterized in that: The steering method comprises the following steps: Step 1: At the boundary of the triangular area, mutually perpendicular end walls and working walls are formed along the advancing direction of the first mining area to divide the triangular area into a first sector rotation interval and a second sector rotation interval of the triangle; the working wall of the first mining area is continuously advanced along the original working line length, and the end wall on the side close to the adjacent mining area is left in the trench until the end wall approaches the boundary of the first mining area; Step 2: Carry out mining advancement in the first fan rotation interval according to the fan direction, and the fan rotation angle is , determine the rotation center on the reverse extension line of the advancing working line, and determine the rotation radius R at the same time, and each peeling working line rotates and advances in the same direction around the rotation center; Step 3: According to the fan angle The rock stripping volume and total coal mining volume are calculated based on the specific parameters of the open pit mine, and the advancement plan is compiled using the rotation angle. Control production capacity; the working gang rotates and advances until all the first rotating section is mined; Step 4: Carry out mining advancement in the second sector rotation interval in the sector direction, leaving the end wall of one side of the ditch as the new working wall, and then carry out rotation advancement in the second sector rotation interval according to steps 2 and 3 until the advancing working line is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the second mining area. At this point, the mining area turning work is completed; Specific parameters of open pit mines include: starting working line length, boundary fixing angle, maximum mining depth, coal seam thickness, end wall slope angle and working wall slope angle; The end side includes a first end side and a second end side, wherein the first end side and the second end side are respectively located on both sides of the working side; The side slope angles of the end side include a first side slope angle and a second side slope angle.

2. The open-pit mining area triangular boundary double-sector steering method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open-pit coal seam is a horizontal coal seam.

3. The open-pit mining area triangular boundary double-sector steering method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the principle for determining the rotation radius R is: ， in, The longest advancing work line length for the work gang.

4. The open-pit mining area triangular boundary double-sector steering method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 3, the working line is pushed forward at the side farthest from the rotation center. satisfy: ， in, is the angular velocity; The maximum propulsion speed that the equipment can meet.

5. The open-pit mine mining area triangular boundary double-sector steering method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fan angle is The range of values is 0≤ ≤ ,in, ， Dg is the length of the right-angled side of the triangle area parallel to the end.

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