A transformable automatic safety protection device for TBM main beam

Abstract

The present invention discloses a transformable automatic safety protection device for a TBM main beam, comprising a plurality of support frames arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, each of the support frames comprising two relatively arranged telescopic semi-support assemblies, the lower end of each of the telescopic semi-support assemblies being rotatably connected to a bottom device, the upper ends of the two telescopic semi-support assemblies being close to each other and forming an arch structure, and the upper ends of the two telescopic semi-support assemblies being close to each other are locked by a locking mechanism, the lower part of the telescopic semi-support assembly is connected to a driving mechanism, and the two telescopic semi-support assemblies are driven by the driving mechanism to pivot and open. The present invention realizes automatic deployment and automatic retraction, and achieves the purpose of effective protection for locations where there is a risk of rock falling. The present invention is applicable to the technical field of TBM main beam safety protection equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of TBM main beam safety protection equipment, and in particular relates to a transformable TBM main beam automatic safety protection device. Background Art

[0002] Since the tunnel excavation process has a large disturbance effect on the surrounding rock, the newly exposed surrounding rock is very unstable and prone to rock falling, which poses a great threat to construction workers. Therefore, it is often necessary to spray anchor support in time after the surrounding rock is exposed during tunnel construction.

[0003] Generally, when tunnels are excavated, appropriate protective devices are set up in places where people are active and sprayed anchor support is not applied in time to protect the safety of construction workers. However, in current projects using open TBMs to excavate tunnels, construction workers only apply temporary support in the section from TBM exposed surrounding rock to support (i.e. between TBM shield tail and sprayed concrete bridge) when the surrounding rock is poor. In general, surrounding rock support is not provided and there is a lack of protective devices for construction workers, which poses a great safety hazard. At the same time, due to the small working space of TBM, there is an urgent need for a device that can realize automatic extension, occupy a small space, and provide safe protection. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a transformable automatic safety protection device for a TBM main beam, which is used to realize automatic deployment and automatic retraction, and achieves the purpose of effective protection at a position with a risk of rock falling.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A transformable automatic safety protection device for a TBM main beam comprises a plurality of support frames arranged at intervals along the extension direction of a tunnel, each of the support frames comprises two relatively arranged telescopic semi-support assemblies, the lower end of each of the telescopic semi-support assemblies is rotatably connected to a bottom device, the upper ends of the two telescopic semi-support assemblies are close to each other and form an arch structure, and the upper ends of the two telescopic semi-support assemblies are locked by a locking mechanism at the point where they are close to each other, the lower part of the telescopic semi-support assembly is connected to a driving mechanism, and the two telescopic semi-support assemblies are driven by the driving mechanism to perform a pivoting opening and closing action.

[0007] Furthermore, the telescopic semi-support assembly includes an arc-shaped frame and a rotating shaft constructed at the upper and lower ends of the telescopic column, the rotating shaft is assembled on a bearing seat, and the bearing seat is installed on the bottom equipment.

[0008] Furthermore, at least two bearings are installed in the bearing seat at vertical intervals, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing seat via these bearings.

[0009] Furthermore, the telescopic column includes a cylinder barrel, a primary cylinder plunger and a piston rod which are assembled in sequence from the outside to the inside, a hydraulic valve is installed at the connection between the primary cylinder plunger and the cylinder barrel, and the piston rod is connected to the arc-shaped frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder arranged on the bottom equipment, a rack is installed on the driving rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and a gear meshing with the corresponding rack is assembled at the lower end of each telescopic semi-support component.

[0011] Furthermore, there are at least two driving mechanisms located on both sides of the tunnel, and the rack of each driving mechanism is connected to the gear transmission of at least two telescopic semi-support assemblies on the same side.

[0012] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes a rotating pin and a locking pin respectively mounted on two corresponding telescopic semi-support components, a locking plate is installed on the rotating pin, and the locking plate is engaged with the locking pin as the rotating pin rotates.

[0013] Since the present invention adopts the above-mentioned structure, compared with the prior art, the technical progress achieved is that: when the TBM construction workers are in an environment without any protective measures and there is a risk of rock falling, if the construction workers stand under the device described in the present invention, the support frame of the present invention plays a role in supporting the top of the tunnel, which can effectively avoid the risk of rock falling; at the same time, when in an environment without the risk of rock falling, in this way, without any protection, the various locking mechanisms of the present invention are unlocked, the telescopic semi-support assembly is retracted, and the telescopic semi-support assembly is driven by the driving mechanism to achieve the steering, thereby avoiding the telescopic semi-support assembly from occupying space. At the same time, the device of the present invention is extremely convenient to use, and has excellent safety and reliability performance, and has a simple structure and high overall stability; in summary, the present invention realizes automatic deployment and automatic retraction, and achieves the purpose of effective protection at locations where there is a risk of rock falling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0015] In the attached picture:

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the lower part of the telescopic semi-support assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the driving mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a telescopic semi-support assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention being driven by a driving mechanism to pivot apart;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a telescopic column according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Marked parts: 1-bearing seat, 2-bearing, 3-rotating shaft, 4-gear, 5-hydraulic cylinder, 6-telescopic column, 601-cylinder barrel, 602-hydraulic valve, 603-first-stage cylinder plunger, 604-piston rod, 7-arc skeleton, 8-locking mechanism, 801-rotating pin, 802-locking plate, 803-locking pin, 9-rack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] The present invention discloses a transformable automatic safety protection device for a TBM main beam, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a plurality of support frames, wherein the support frames are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel. Each support frame includes two telescopic semi-support assemblies, which are arranged opposite to each other, and the lower end of each telescopic semi-support assembly is rotatably connected to the bottom equipment. The upper ends of the two corresponding telescopic semi-support assemblies are close to each other and form an arch structure, and the upper ends of the two telescopic semi-support assemblies are locked by a locking mechanism 8 at the point where they are close to each other. The lower parts of the two telescopic semi-support assemblies are connected to the driving mechanism, and the two telescopic semi-support assemblies are driven by the driving mechanism to perform a pivoting opening and closing action. The working principle and advantages of the present invention are as follows: since TBM construction workers are in an environment without any protective measures and there is a risk of rock falling, if the construction workers stand under the device described in the present invention, the support frame of the present invention plays a role in supporting the top of the tunnel, which can effectively avoid the risk of rock falling; at the same time, when in an environment without the risk of rock falling, in this way, without any protection, the various locking mechanisms 8 of the present invention are unlocked, the telescopic semi-support assembly is retracted, and the telescopic semi-support assembly is driven by the driving mechanism to achieve the steering, thereby avoiding the telescopic semi-support assembly from occupying space. At the same time, the device of the present invention is extremely convenient to use, and has excellent safety and reliability performance, and has a simple structure and high overall stability; in summary, the present invention realizes automatic deployment and automatic retraction, and achieves the purpose of effective protection at locations where there is a risk of rock falling.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-2 As shown, the telescopic semi-support assembly includes a telescopic column 6, an arc-shaped frame 7 and a rotating shaft 3, wherein the arc-shaped frame 7 and the rotating shaft 3 are respectively constructed at the upper and lower ends of the telescopic column 6. The rotating shaft 3 of this embodiment is assembled on the bearing seat 1, and the bearing seat 1 is installed on the bottom equipment. In order to make the rotating shaft 3 rotate more stably, the measures taken in this embodiment are that at least two bearings 2 are assembled in the vertical direction in the bearing seat 1, and the rotating shaft 3 and these bearings 2 are assembled in sequence, thereby realizing the rotation connection between the rotating shaft 3 and the bearing seat 1. The lower end of the telescopic column 6 of this embodiment is welded to the upper end of the rotating shaft 3, and the outer diameter of the lower end of the telescopic column 6 is larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 3, thereby realizing the purpose of the shaft end retaining ring, so that the gear 4 in the following driving mechanism is fixed firmly, and the gear 4 is prevented from shaking up and down. When the bearing seat 1 is in a relatively harsh working environment of the TBM, it will be in a state of large vibration. A shock absorbing device can be arranged between the bearing seat 1 and the fixed frame, thereby avoiding accidents caused by large-scale vibration to damage the bearing seat 1 and other parts. In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 3 is connected to the bottom of the telescopic column 6 by a flange, and the longer parts can be disassembled for easy transportation and installation. In this embodiment, a disassembly part can be added between the arc frame 7 and the telescopic column 6 to prevent rock burst or huge rockfall from damaging the arc frame 7. Since the disassembly part is set, it is easy to repair and replace. In this embodiment, the interface of the two corresponding arc frames 7 can be matched and connected by setting a concave and convex shape, which helps to improve the integrity of the two arc frames 7 connected by the locking mechanism 8, increase the connection strength, and effectively improve safety.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 5 and a rack 9. Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the hydraulic cylinder 5 is arranged on the bottom equipment, the rack 9 is installed on the driving rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5, and a gear 4 is installed at the lower end of each telescopic semi-support assembly, and the gear 4 is meshed with the corresponding rack 9. Among them, the driving mechanism of the present invention is at least two and is located on both sides of the tunnel. Each driving mechanism is connected to the telescopic semi-support assembly on the corresponding side by transmission. Specifically, the rack 9 of the driving mechanism is connected to the gear 4 on the telescopic semi-support assembly on the corresponding side by transmission, thereby improving the opening and closing efficiency. The rack 9 of this embodiment can be set to be installed in sections, and racks 9 of different lengths can be installed according to different protection distances, so that the matching scheme is more flexible. Moreover, when the rack 9 is partially damaged, only the damaged segment needs to be replaced, which is convenient for maintenance and avoids waste of materials. The extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 5 in this embodiment drives the rack 9 to make a linear reciprocating motion. Since the gear 4 and the rack 9 are meshed, the gear 4 can be driven to rotate. By controlling the number of teeth on the rack 9, the gear 4 can make a 90° reciprocating motion, thereby driving the telescopic column 6, the arc-shaped frame 7 and the locking mechanism 8 to make a 90° reciprocating motion. Moreover, when the embodiment is normally retracted, the telescopic semi-support assembly rotates 90° to achieve the following effect. Figure 4 The state shown in the figure can be used as a guardrail to prevent people from falling. Figure 1 As shown, it can be used as a safety protection to prevent large rocks from falling from the cave roof and to avoid workers being injured by large rocks. The extension and retraction of this embodiment must have a fixed order. In the extended state, the telescopic column 6 is fully extended under the hydraulic power. When the driving rod is fully extended under the power of the hydraulic cylinder 5, the gear 4 and the rack 9 are meshed and rotated, and the rotation angle is exactly 90°, so that the arc frame 7 and the locking mechanism 8 rotate 90°, and the locking mechanism 8 cooperates with each other. In this way, the construction personnel can work safely under the protection of this embodiment; in the retracted state, the locking mechanism 8 is opened, and then under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 5, the hydraulic cylinder 5 returns oil and shrinks, driving the gear 4 and the rack 9 to mesh and rotate, and then the arc frame 7 and the locking mechanism 8 rotate 90°, and the telescopic column 6 returns oil and shrinks and resets, thereby driving the arc frame 7 and the locking mechanism 8 to retract to the original unextended state, so that it can be used as a guardrail to prevent construction personnel from falling.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic column 6 adopts hydraulic transmission to provide power to achieve automatic extension and retraction, thereby driving the arc-shaped frame 7 and the locking mechanism 8 to move up and down. The telescopic column 6 of this embodiment includes a cylinder 601, a primary cylinder plunger 603 and a piston rod 604, wherein, as shown in FIG. Figure 6As shown, the cylinder 601, the first-stage cylinder plunger 603 and the piston rod 604 are assembled together from the outside to the inside in sequence, and the hydraulic valve 602 is installed at the connection between the first-stage cylinder plunger 603 and the cylinder 601, and the piston rod 604 is connected to the arc-shaped frame 7. The telescopic column 6 is in a dusty and harsh working environment. A dust cover can be designed around the telescopic section of the telescopic column 6. The dust cover is retractable and can effectively prevent external dust from entering the interior of the telescopic column 6 when the telescopic column 6 is extended. When the telescopic column 6 of this embodiment is raised, the hydraulic oil enters the cylinder 601 from the hydraulic oil port A, and the hydraulic oil ports B and C are connected to the oil return pipeline. The column raising process is divided into two stages. First, the hydraulic valve 602 can be opened only after the first-stage cylinder plunger 603 is fully extended, and the hydraulic oil pushes the piston rod 604 to extend to the set position. The column lowering process is also completed in two steps. First, hydraulic oil enters from hydraulic oil port C, hydraulic valve 602 is opened to fully retract piston rod 604, and then hydraulic oil enters from hydraulic oil port B, hydraulic valve 602 is closed, hydraulic oil port A is connected to the oil return line, and hydraulic oil pushes the first-stage cylinder piston 603 to fully retract. The extension and retraction of the telescopic column 6 and the hydraulic cylinder 5 of this embodiment can be controlled by PLC, thereby realizing the automatic control of this embodiment.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, considering that the actual TBM models are different and the main beam lengths are also different, the device described in the present invention is arranged according to the actual length of the main beam, and the number of support frames is adaptively adjusted.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, the locking mechanism 8 includes a rotating pin 801, a locking pin 803 and a locking piece 802, wherein the rotating pin 801 and the locking pin 803 are respectively assembled on two corresponding telescopic semi-support components, and the locking piece 802 is mounted on the rotating pin 801, and the locking piece 802 is engaged with the locking pin 803 as the rotating pin 801 rotates. When the safety device is in the working state, the locking piece 802 on the rotating pin 801 rotates to the position of the locking pin 803, and is locked by the groove of the locking piece 802 and the locking pin 803, thereby achieving the expected locking effect.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformable automatic safety protection device for a TBM main beam, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of support frames arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, each of the support frames comprises two relatively arranged telescopic semi-support assemblies, the lower end of each telescopic semi-support assembly is rotatably connected to the bottom equipment, the upper ends of the two telescopic semi-support assemblies are close to each other and form an arch structure, and the upper ends of the two telescopic semi-support assemblies are locked by a locking mechanism at the position where they are close to each other, the lower part of the telescopic semi-support assembly is connected to a driving mechanism, and the two telescopic semi-support assemblies are driven by the driving mechanism to perform a pivoting opening and closing action; when the device is fully extended, it can be used as a safety protection to prevent large rocks from falling from the top of the cave and to avoid workers being injured by large rocks; when the device is in a retracted state, it can be used as a guardrail to prevent construction workers from falling.

2. The convertible automatic safety protection device for TBM main beam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The telescopic semi-support assembly comprises an arc-shaped frame and a rotating shaft constructed at the upper and lower ends of the telescopic column. The rotating shaft is assembled on a bearing seat, and the bearing seat is installed on the bottom equipment.

3. The convertible automatic safety protection device for TBM main beam according to claim 2 is characterized in that: At least two bearings are installed in the bearing seat at intervals along the vertical direction, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing seat via these bearings.

4. The convertible automatic safety protection device for TBM main beam according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The telescopic column comprises a cylinder barrel, a primary cylinder plunger and a piston rod which are sequentially assembled from the outside to the inside. A hydraulic valve is installed at the connection between the primary cylinder plunger and the cylinder barrel, and the piston rod is connected to the arc-shaped frame.

5. The convertible automatic safety protection device for TBM main beam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder arranged on the bottom equipment, a rack is installed on the driving rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and a gear meshing with the corresponding rack is assembled at the lower end of each telescopic semi-support assembly.

6. The convertible automatic safety protection device for TBM main beam according to claim 5 is characterized in that: There are at least two driving mechanisms located at two sides of the tunnel, and the rack of each driving mechanism is connected to the gear transmission of at least two telescopic semi-support assemblies on the same side.

7. The convertible automatic safety protection device for TBM main beam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises a rotating pin and a locking pin respectively mounted on two corresponding telescopic semi-support components, a locking plate is mounted on the rotating pin, and the locking plate is engaged with the locking pin as the rotating pin rotates.

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