An integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film damper

Abstract

The present invention relates to an interconnected squeeze film damper and an integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing having the damper. The thrust bearing comprises a porous pad, a porous shell, a T-shaped radial fixing member, a spring plunger, the spring plunger having an upper cylinder, a middle cylinder, a lower cylinder and a connecting spring, a top plate, a damper shell, a sealing ring, a chassis cover plate, and a chassis. When the porous pad vibrates due to axial instability or other reasons, the vibration is transmitted to the spring plunger through the porous shell, and the middle cylinder of the plunger vibrates up and down in the damper shell, the volume of the symmetrical cavity changes, part of the damping fluid flows in the gap and the annular channel, the adaptive thrust plate is misaligned, and part of the damping fluid flows through the effective gap, generating viscous dissipation, thereby increasing the damping of the thrust bearing, and further significantly improving the operating stability of the thrust bearing. The porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing is expected to cope with all misalignments of the thrust plates in ultra-high-speed turbomachinery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an interconnected squeeze film damper.

[0002] The present invention also relates to an integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing having the above-mentioned interconnected squeeze film damper and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0003] To develop a new generation of lightweight, high-power density, and high-output energy and power equipment, oil-free bearing technology has rapidly advanced over the past decade. Compared to tilting pad gas thrust bearings, these have steadily evolved, from using wire mesh structures as dampers to modular squeeze film structures, and finally to additively manufactured, integrated tilting pad gas radial bearings with squeeze film dampers. Research methods have also evolved to analyze the coupling of fluids and solids in confined spaces. However, development of tilting pad gas thrust bearings has been very slow and is still in its infancy.

[0004] As a gas thrust bearing, the ripple foil gas thrust bearing, with its simple structure, accommodates all types of thrust disc misalignment within a reasonable power range, enabling oil-free operation in high-performance turbomachinery in the kilowatt (kW) power range, such as air cycle machines and microturbines. However, due to inherent structural limitations, the ripple foil gas thrust bearing's insufficient load-bearing capacity and inability to adapt to high speeds have hindered its application in megawatt-class oil-free turbomachinery. High-speed, heavy-loaded oil-free rotating machinery presents new challenges: 1. Due to the nonlinear characteristics of the lubricating gas film, the gas film size does not increase proportionally with bearing size. As the bearing diameter increases, the axial displacement of the thrust disc edge caused by thrust disc misalignment increases. This increases the likelihood of dry friction between the thrust disc and the pad, leading to serious consequences such as pad burning. Therefore, increasing the load-bearing capacity cannot be achieved by directly increasing the thrust bearing's load-bearing area. 2. In megawatt-class oil-free turbomachinery, the thrust bearing must cope with dynamic misalignment and external warpage of the thrust disc, as well as thermal deformation of the pad and thrust disc.

[0005] Compared with the corrugated foil gas thrust bearing, the invented integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film damper has the characteristics of tilting pad bearing. The pad can generate three degrees of freedom: up and down movement, radial tilt and circumferential tilt. In addition, the damping fluid flows freely between each annular cavity, forming an adaptive system. It has extremely high adaptability to various misalignments of the thrust plate and greatly improves the load-bearing capacity. It is expected to be applied to megawatt-level turbomachinery. Summary of the Invention

[0006] A technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an interconnected squeeze film damper, which is part of a tilting pad gas thrust bearing adaptive system and can be applied to high-performance turbomachinery.

[0007] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing having the above-mentioned interconnected squeeze film damper.

[0008] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for using the above-mentioned integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing.

[0009] The present invention provides an integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with an interconnected squeeze oil film damper, comprising a porous tile; a porous tile housing; a T-shaped radial fixing piece; a spring plunger, the spring plunger comprising an upper cylinder, a connecting spring, a middle cylinder, and a lower cylinder; a top plate; a damper housing; a sealing ring; a chassis cover plate; a chassis; a first annular cavity is provided between the upper cylinder and the top plate and the damper housing, a third gap is provided between the middle cylinder and the top plate, and a second gap is provided between the middle cylinder and the damper housing; an effective gap is provided between the middle cylinder and the damper housing, a first symmetrical cavity is provided between the middle cylinder and the damper housing and the upper cylinder, and a second symmetrical cavity is provided between the middle cylinder and the damper housing and the lower cylinder; a first gap is provided between the lower cylinder and the chassis cover plate, and a second annular cavity is provided between the lower cylinder and the chassis cover plate and the chassis.

[0010] Furthermore, the third gap between the upper cylinder and the top plate can be sealed by a flexible element connected to both the top plate and the upper cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the porous tile is made of isostatically pressed graphite material based on graphite carbon.

[0012] Furthermore, the porous tile shell has air supply holes, field-shaped gas channels, bonding surfaces, rectangular grooves, and spherical protrusions.

[0013] Furthermore, the T-shaped radial fixing member cooperates with the top plate and the spring plunger to ensure three degrees of freedom of the porous tile shell, namely, up and down movement, radial rotation and circumferential rotation.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper end of the spring plunger is connected to the spherical protrusion of the porous tile shell, and the lower end is connected to the chassis, and the connecting spring is a coil spring.

[0015] Furthermore, the top plate has a fixing member installation groove and a first annular channel, and the first annular cavities of the interconnected squeeze film dampers under different porous tiles are connected to each other through the first annular channel.

[0016] Furthermore, the damper housing has a first sealing ring mounting groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the chassis cover has a second sealing ring mounting groove and a damper housing mounting groove.

[0018] Furthermore, there is a second annular channel in the chassis, and the second annular cavity is a part of the second annular channel, so as to connect the second annular cavities with each other.

[0019] Furthermore, the first annular cavity, the second annular cavity, the first symmetrical cavity, the second symmetrical cavity, the first gap, the second gap, the third gap, the effective gap, the first annular channel, and the second annular channel are all filled with damping fluid.

[0020] Furthermore, the damping fluid is a viscous fluid.

[0021] Furthermore, the damper housing and the chassis cover are connected by bolts; the chassis cover and the chassis are connected by bolts; and there is a transition fit between the top plate and the damper housing.

[0022] Furthermore, the sealing ring is made of rubber, which seals the damping liquid in the first annular cavity, the first symmetrical cavity, and the second symmetrical cavity.

[0023] Furthermore, when the rotor rotates at high speed, it bends, and the axial vibration that may be generated by the thrust bearing under high-speed and heavy-load working conditions causes the thrust plate to produce dynamic misalignment and external warping. The thrust plate continuously impacts the porous tile, and the porous tile generates vibration and transmits it to the porous tile shell, and further to the spring plunger. The connecting spring can provide restoring force, and the middle cylinder moves up and down. The volume of the first symmetrical cavity and the second symmetrical cavity changes, and part of the damping fluid flows through the first gap, the second gap, the first annular channel, and the second annular channel, adapting to the misalignment condition of the thrust plate. Part of the damping fluid flows through the effective gap, generating energy dissipation, forming a damping force opposite to the vibration direction, and improving the operating stability of the rotor-bearing system.

[0024] Furthermore, in order to alleviate the situation where the damping of the thrust bearing decreases due to the high frequency of dynamic misalignment of the thrust plate under high-speed and heavy-load conditions, the influence of fluid-solid coupling is not considered, the total volume of the first symmetrical cavity and the second symmetrical cavity remains unchanged, and the damping fluid flows freely between the first annular cavity and the second annular cavity under each pad, is greatly hindered in the effective gap, and is less hindered in the first gap and the second gap.

[0025] Furthermore, the working gas enters the field-shaped gas channel through the gas supply hole, and then enters between the porous tile and the thrust plate through the porous tile, forming a lubricating gas film to support the thrust plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously,

[0027] The accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art,

[0028] Without any creative effort, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 A partial full cross-sectional view of the integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A top view of the integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of the integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of a porous pad of an integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 A top perspective view of a porous pad housing of an integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 A side perspective view of a porous pad housing of an integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 A perspective view of a T-shaped radial fixing member of the integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 A perspective view of a spring plunger of an integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 A top perspective view of the top plate of the integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 A bottom perspective view of the top plate of the integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 is a perspective view of a damper housing of an integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12A perspective view of a sealing ring of an integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 13 A top view of the chassis cover of the integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 14 A top perspective view of a chassis cover plate of the integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 15 A bottom perspective view of a chassis cover plate of the integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 16 A perspective view of a chassis of the integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing of the present invention;

[0045] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-porous tile; 2-porous tile housing; 3-T-shaped radial fixing member; 4-spring plunger; 5-top plate; 6-first annular cavity; 7-damper housing; 8-first symmetrical cavity; 9-sealing ring; 10-second symmetrical cavity; 11-chassis cover; 12-second annular cavity; 13-chassis; 14-first gap; 15-second gap; 16-third gap; 17-effective gap; 18-air supply hole; 19-field-shaped gas channel; 20-bonding surface; 21-rectangular groove; 22-spherical protrusion; 23-upper cylinder; 24-connecting spring; 25-middle cylinder; 26-lower cylinder; 27-fixing member mounting groove; 28-first annular channel; 29-first sealing ring mounting groove; 30-second sealing ring mounting groove; 31-damper housing mounting groove; 32-second annular channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention,

[0047] All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are

[0048] It belongs to the scope of protection of this invention.

[0049] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, the present invention provides an integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with an interconnected squeeze film damper, comprising a porous pad 1; a porous pad housing 2; a T-shaped radial fixing member 3; a spring plunger 4, the spring plunger 4 comprising an upper cylinder 23, a connecting spring 24, a middle cylinder 25, and a lower cylinder 26; a top plate 5; a damper housing 7; a sealing ring 9; a bottom plate cover 11; a bottom plate 13; a first annular space is provided between the upper cylinder 23 and the top plate 5 and the damper housing 7. Cavity 6, a third gap 16 is provided between it and the top plate 5, and a second gap 15 is provided between it and the damper housing 7; an effective gap 17 is provided between the middle cylinder 25 and the damper housing 7, a first symmetrical cavity 8 is provided between it and the damper housing 7 and the upper cylinder 23, and a second symmetrical cavity 10 is provided between it and the damper housing 7 and the lower cylinder 26; a first gap 14 is provided between the lower cylinder 26 and the chassis cover 11, and a second annular cavity 12 is provided between it and the chassis cover 11 and the chassis 13.

[0050] In this embodiment, specifically, the third gap 16 can be sealed by a flexible element that is connected to both the top plate 5 and the upper cylinder 23. The first annular cavity 6, the second annular cavity 12, the first symmetrical cavity 8, the second symmetrical cavity 10, the first gap 14, the second gap 15, the third gap 16, the effective gap 17, the first annular channel 28, and the second annular channel 32 are all filled with damping fluid. The damping fluid is a viscous fluid. The damper housing 7 and the chassis cover 11 are connected by bolts; the chassis cover 11 and the chassis 13 are connected by bolts; and the top plate 5 and the damper housing 7 are transitionally fitted. The upper end of the spring plunger 4 is connected to the porous tile housing 2, and the lower end is connected to the chassis 13. The connecting spring 24 is a coil spring.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, specifically, the porous tile 1 is made of isostatically pressed graphite material based on graphite carbon.

[0052] like Figure 5-Figure 6 Specifically, the porous tile housing 2 includes an air supply hole 18, a "T-shaped" gas channel 19, an adhesive surface 20, a rectangular groove 21, and a spherical protrusion 22. The working gas enters the "T-shaped" gas channel 19 through the air supply hole 18, then passes through the porous tile 1 and enters between the porous tile 1 and the thrust plate, forming a lubricating air film that supports the thrust plate.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, specifically, the T-shaped radial fixing member 3 cooperates with the top plate 5 and the spring plunger 4 to ensure three degrees of freedom of the porous tile shell 2, namely, up and down movement, radial rotation and circumferential rotation.

[0054] like Figure 9-10As shown, specifically, the top plate 5 has a fixing member installation groove 27 and a first annular channel 28 , and the first annular cavities 6 of the interconnected squeeze film dampers under different porous blocks 1 are connected to each other through the first annular channel 28 .

[0055] like Figure 11 As shown, specifically, the damper housing 7 has a first sealing ring mounting groove 29 .

[0056] like Figure 12 As shown, specifically, the sealing ring 9 is made of rubber, which seals the damping liquid in the first annular cavity 6 , the first symmetrical cavity 8 , and the second symmetrical cavity 10 .

[0057] like Figure 13-15 As shown, specifically, the chassis cover 11 has a second sealing ring mounting groove 30 and a damper housing mounting groove 31 .

[0058] like Figure 16 As shown, specifically, the chassis 13 has a second annular channel 32 , and the second annular cavities 12 are part of the second annular channel 32 , so as to connect the second annular cavities 12 to each other.

[0059] In this embodiment, specifically, when the rotor rotates at high speed, bending occurs, and the axial vibration that may be generated by the thrust bearing under high-speed and heavy-load working conditions causes the thrust plate to produce dynamic misalignment and external warping. The thrust plate continuously impacts the porous tile 1, and the porous tile 1 generates vibration and transmits it to the porous tile shell 2, and further to the spring plunger 4. The connecting spring 24 can provide a restoring force, and the middle cylinder 25 moves up and down. The volume of the first symmetrical cavity 8 and the second symmetrical cavity 10 changes, and part of the damping fluid flows through the first gap 14, the second gap 15, the first annular channel 28, and the second annular channel 32, and adapts to the misalignment condition of the thrust plate. Part of the damping fluid flows through the effective gap 17, generating energy dissipation, forming a damping force in the opposite direction of the vibration direction, and improving the operating stability of the rotor-bearing system.

[0060] Optimized, in order to alleviate the situation where the damping of the thrust bearing decreases due to the high frequency of dynamic misalignment of the thrust plate under high-speed and heavy-load conditions, without considering the influence of fluid-solid coupling, the total volume of the first symmetrical cavity 8 and the second symmetrical cavity 10 remains unchanged, and the damping fluid flows freely between the first annular cavity 6 and the second annular cavity 12 under each pad, is greatly hindered in the effective gap 17, and is less hindered in the first gap 14 and the second gap 15.

[0061] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with an interconnected squeeze film damper, comprising a porous pad (1); a porous pad housing (2); a T-shaped radial fixing member (3); a spring plunger (4), the spring plunger (4) comprising an upper cylinder (23), a connecting spring (24), a middle cylinder (25), and a lower cylinder (26); a top plate (5); a damper housing (7); a sealing ring (9); a bottom plate cover (11); and a bottom plate (13); a first annular cavity (6) is provided between the upper cylinder (23), the top plate (5), and the damper housing (7), and the first annular cavity (6) is provided between the upper cylinder (23), the top plate (5), and the damper housing (7). A third gap (16) is provided between the top plate (5), and a second gap (15) is provided between the top plate (5) and the damper housing (7); an effective gap (17) is provided between the middle cylinder (25) and the damper housing (7); a first symmetrical cavity (8) is provided between the middle cylinder (25), the damper housing (7), and the upper cylinder (23); and a second symmetrical cavity (10) is provided between the middle cylinder (25), the damper housing (7), and the lower cylinder (26); a first gap (14) is provided between the lower cylinder (26) and the chassis cover (11), and a second annular cavity (12) is provided between the lower cylinder (26), the chassis cover (11), and the chassis (13).

2. The integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film damper according to claim 1, wherein: The T-shaped radial fixing member (3) cooperates with the top plate (5) and the spring plunger (4) to ensure three degrees of freedom of the porous tile shell (2), namely, up and down movement, radial rotation and circumferential rotation.

3. The integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film damper according to claim 1, wherein: The upper end of the spring plunger (4) is connected to the spherical protrusion (22) of the porous tile shell (2), and the lower end is connected to the chassis (13). The connecting spring (24) is a coil spring.

4. The integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film damper according to claim 1, wherein: The top plate (5) has a fixing member installation groove (27) and a first annular channel (28). The first annular cavities (6) of the interconnected squeeze film dampers under different porous tiles (1) are connected to each other through the first annular channel (28).

5. The integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film damper according to claim 1, wherein: The damper housing (7) has a first sealing ring mounting groove (29).

6. The integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film dampers according to claim 1, wherein: The chassis cover plate (11) has a second sealing ring mounting groove (30) and a damper housing mounting groove (31).

7. The integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film dampers according to claim 1, wherein: The chassis (13) has a second annular channel (32), and the second annular cavities (12) are part of the second annular channel (32), so as to connect the second annular cavities (12) to each other.

8. The integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film dampers according to claim 1, wherein: The first annular cavity (6), the second annular cavity (12), the first symmetrical cavity (8), the second symmetrical cavity (10), the first gap (14), the second gap (15), the third gap (16), the effective gap (17), the first annular channel (28), and the second annular channel (32) are all filled with damping fluid.

9. The integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film dampers according to claim 1, wherein: The damper housing (7) and the chassis cover (11) are connected by bolts; the chassis cover (11) and the chassis (13) are connected by bolts; and a transition fit is formed between the top plate (5) and the damper housing (7).

10. The integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film dampers according to claim 1, wherein: The sealing ring (9) is made of rubber and has a sealing effect on the damping liquid in the first annular cavity (6), the first symmetrical cavity (8), and the second symmetrical cavity (10).

11. The integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film dampers according to claim 1, wherein: When the rotor rotates at high speed, bending occurs, and the axial vibration generated by the thrust bearing under high-speed and heavy-load working conditions causes the thrust disc to generate dynamic misalignment and external warping. The thrust disc continuously impacts the porous tile (1), and the porous tile (1) generates vibration and transmits it to the porous tile shell (2), and further transmits it to the spring plunger (4). The connecting spring (24) can provide a restoring force, and the middle cylinder (25) moves up and down. The volume of the first symmetrical cavity (8) and the second symmetrical cavity (10) changes. Part of the damping fluid flows through the first gap (14), the second gap (15), the first annular channel (28), and the second annular channel (32). The self-adaptive thrust disc misalignment working condition causes part of the damping fluid to flow through the effective gap (17), generating energy dissipation and forming a damping force opposite to the vibration direction, thereby improving the operating stability of the rotor-bearing system.

12. The integral porous tilting pad gas thrust bearing with interconnected squeeze film dampers according to claim 1, wherein: The third gap (16) is sealed by a flexible element connected to both the top plate (5) and the upper cylinder (23).

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