A ship shafting assembly test device and accuracy verification method

Abstract

The present application relates to a ship shaft system assembly test device and an accuracy verification method, the test device includes: a shaft system component and two left and right flange adjustment devices; a left connecting flange is arranged on the right side of the left shaft of the shaft system component, a swing shaft connecting plate is arranged above and below the left connecting flange and the intermediate transition flange, and a radial adjustment screw plate is arranged in front and behind the intermediate transition flange and the right connecting flange; the thrust shaft, the stern shaft and the propeller shaft are connected in sequence through the left and right flange adjustment devices. The device can realize the compensation of the axial length within a small range to simulate the axial deviation, centering offset and centering deflection state between the shafts in the horizontal plane, and can accurately characterize the deviation between each shaft. The device can be adjusted multiple times to obtain the shaft system assembly accuracy under different deviation combinations between the shafts, and can be applied to shaft system assembly tests of various types of ships.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ship power plant construction, and in particular to a ship shaft system assembly test device and an accuracy verification method. Background Art

[0002] The ship shafting is an important part of the ship's power plant, and plays an important role in transmitting the main engine power output to the propeller and the axial reverse thrust to the hull. Due to the high assembly accuracy requirements of the shafting system, multiple docking interfaces, and long assembly dimension chains, it is easy to encounter problems such as the inability to assemble due to large deviations in the docking interfaces, and poor acoustic performance and short service life of the ship due to poor assembly accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct shafting assembly tests and assembly accuracy verification after virtual assembly simulation analysis based on precision control to ensure the actual shafting assembly accuracy.

[0003] The invention patent with patent number CN116401614.A discloses a propulsion shaft misalignment fault simulation device and misalignment adjustment method. The device can accurately and efficiently realize shaft misalignment fault simulation, but has the problems of complex structure and high test cost; the invention patent with patent number CN116927554.A discloses a shaft alignment device, a test bench and a shaft alignment method thereof, which have simple structure and low cost, but do not consider the adjustment of shaft deviation in the horizontal plane; the invention patent with patent number CN116945143.A discloses a shaft alignment method and measuring tooling, which are used to monitor the deviation between shafts during shaft assembly, but the operation is complicated and does not involve the simulation of shaft deviation state.

[0004] At present, the shaft system assembly test equipment only tests the assembly deviation of a single model and a single axis, and can only obtain a set of assembly test accuracy data. It is impossible to simply and efficiently exchange shaft system components in a small range and simulate various deviation states of the shaft system, resulting in the inability to verify the assembly accuracy analysis results calculated by the extreme value method, probability method or Monte Carlo simulation method. There are problems such as high risk, complex structure and high cost. The shaft system deviation adjustment method adopted is mainly to simulate the comprehensive effect of shaft system centering offset and deflection by adding or reducing gaskets and changing the height and inclination of the support platform. There are problems such as low efficiency and poor accuracy. Therefore, a simple, easy-to-adjust and highly applicable assembly test device is needed to carry out shaft system assembly tests. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a ship shaft system assembly test device and accuracy verification method. The device is simple, easy to adjust, low cost, can achieve compensation of axial length in a small range, to simulate the axial deviation, centering offset and centering deflection between shafts in the horizontal plane, and can accurately characterize the deviation between each shaft. The device can be adjusted multiple times to obtain the shaft system assembly accuracy under different combinations of deviation between shafts, verify the assembly accuracy analysis results calculated by extreme value method, probability method or Monte Carlo simulation method, and has strong adaptability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a ship shafting assembly test device is provided.

[0007] The test device comprises: a shaft system component and two left and right flange adjustment devices, wherein the shaft system component comprises a stern shaft, a thrust shaft and a propeller shaft; each of the flange adjustment devices comprises: a left connecting flange, a flange connecting bolt, an intermediate transition flange, a right connecting flange, a nut, a swing shaft connecting plate, a gasket, a radial adjustment screw and a radial adjustment screw plate; the flange connecting bolts are sequentially provided with a left connecting flange, a gasket, an intermediate transition flange, a right connecting flange and a nut; a left connecting flange is provided on the right side of the left shaft of the shaft system component, a swing shaft connecting plate is respectively provided above and below the left connecting flange and the intermediate transition flange, and a radial adjustment screw plate is respectively provided in front of and behind the intermediate transition flange and the right connecting flange; the thrust shaft, the stern shaft and the propeller shaft are sequentially connected through the two left and right flange adjustment devices.

[0008] It is further configured that the right end of the thrust shaft is connected to the left connecting flange of the left flange adjusting device, the right connecting flange of the left flange adjusting device is connected to the left end of the stern shaft, the right end of the stern shaft is connected to the left connecting flange of the right flange adjusting device, and the right connecting flange of the right flange adjusting device is connected to the propeller shaft.

[0009] It is further provided that the top and bottom surfaces of the left connecting flange are processed with holes and are connected to the swing shaft connecting plate by bolts.

[0010] It is further provided that the top and bottom surfaces of the intermediate transition flange are processed with holes, which are connected to the swing shaft connecting plate by bolts, and the front and rear surfaces are processed with holes, which are connected to the radial adjustment screw plate by bolts.

[0011] It is further arranged that the top and bottom surfaces of the right connecting flange are fitted with the swing shaft connecting plate.

[0012] It is further provided that the radial adjustment screw plate is connected to the radial adjustment screw via threads.

[0013] It is further provided that the gaskets are aluminum alloy sheets of different thicknesses.

[0014] The present invention also provides an accuracy verification method based on the above shafting assembly test device, comprising the following steps:

[0015] The first step is to establish the basic coordinate system for shaft assembly, determine the assembly base point, fix the support seat of the thrust shaft on the test platform, and install the thrust shaft on the support seat.

[0016] The second step is to determine the axial deviation, centering deflection and centering offset between the thrust shaft and the stern shaft during the assembly test, and characterize the axial deviation, centering deflection and centering offset between the shafts at the flange adjustment device;

[0017] The third step is to determine the position of the stern shaft support seat according to the position of the thrust shaft, combined with the tested axial deviation, centering skew and centering offset between the thrust shaft and the stern shaft, bolt the flange adjustment device between the two shafts, and install the stern shaft on the support seat; according to the position of the stern shaft, combined with the tested axial deviation, centering skew and centering offset between the stern shaft and the propeller shaft, determine the position of the propeller shaft support seat, bolt the flange adjustment device between the two shafts, and install the propeller shaft on the support seat.

[0018] In the fourth step, the shafting assembly test device is installed, and the axial deviation and radial deviation of key points such as the right end point of the propeller shaft are measured by a measuring instrument to obtain a set of shafting assembly test accuracy data.

[0019] The fifth step is to adjust the test device multiple times to change the axial deviation, centering offset and centering skew between the axes, and obtain several groups of shaft system assembly test accuracy data under different axis deviations, and verify the assembly accuracy analysis results calculated by the extreme value method, probability method or Monte Carlo simulation method.

[0020] The process for characterizing shaft misalignment, misalignment, and misalignment is as follows:

[0021] The axial deviation between the shafts is achieved by adding shims, and the axial deviation can be calculated by the number of shims;

[0022] The centering offset between the shafts can be achieved by adjusting the radial adjustment screws, and the centering offset of the shafts can be obtained by measuring the screw-in distance of the radial adjustment screws;

[0023] The centering deviation between the shafts can be achieved by adding gaskets of different thicknesses on the front and rear sides between the left connecting flange and the middle transition flange. By measuring the center distance D of the gaskets on the front and rear sides of the left shaft and the gasket thicknesses d1 and d2 on the front and rear sides, the centering deviation angle θ between the shafts is calculated. The calculation process of θ is shown in formula (1):

[0024]

[0025] Preferably, the measuring instrument is a laser tracker.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] 1. The flange adjustment device of the shaft system assembly test device can simply and efficiently realize the centering offset, centering skew and axial deviation between the shafts in the horizontal plane, greatly improving the efficiency of the assembly test.

[0028] 2. The test cost is low. By increasing the thickness of the gasket, not only can the axial deviation be simulated, but also the axial length compensation of the shaft system parts can be realized, thereby realizing the interchangeability of shaft system parts with different axial lengths in a small range.

[0029] 3. The simulated inter-axis centering offset and centering deviation measurement is easy and the measurement results are accurate.

[0030] 4. Through multiple adjustments, different deviation states between axes are simulated, and the deviation between each axis is changed at the same time, a large amount of shaft system assembly test accuracy data is obtained, so as to verify the assembly accuracy analysis and calculation results obtained by extreme value method, probability method or Monte Carlo simulation method.

[0031] 5. The test device has strong adaptability and simple structure, and can be used for shaft assembly tests of various types of ships. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a ship shafting assembly test device provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A top view of a single test unit of a ship shafting assembly test device provided by the present invention;

[0035] FIG3( a ) is a schematic diagram of a normal state of inter-axis deviation of a ship shafting assembly test device provided by the present invention;

[0036] FIG3( b ) is a schematic diagram of an axial deviation state of a ship shafting assembly test device provided by the present invention;

[0037] FIG3( c ) is a schematic diagram of a centering deviation state of a ship shafting assembly test device provided by the present invention;

[0038] FIG3( d ) is a schematic diagram of a centering and skewed state of a ship shafting assembly test device provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for verifying the accuracy of a ship shafting assembly test.

[0040] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0041] 1. Shaft system components; 2. Thrust shaft; 3. Stern shaft; 4. Propeller shaft; 5. Flange adjustment device; 6. Left shaft; 7. Left connecting flange; 8. Flange connecting bolts; 9. Intermediate transition flange; 10. Right connecting flange; 11. Nut; 12. Swing shaft connecting plate; 13. Gasket; 14. Radial adjustment screw; 15. Radial adjustment screw plate; 16. Right shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that terms such as “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “front”, “back”, “top”, “bottom” and “horizontal” indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention. They do not indicate or imply a specific orientation that the referred parts or devices must have and therefore should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a direct connection, it can be the internal connection between two parts, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a ship shafting assembly test device.

[0046] The test device comprises: a shaft system component 1 and two left and right flange adjustment devices 5, wherein the shaft system component 1 comprises a stern shaft 3, a thrust shaft 2 and a propeller shaft 4; each of the flange adjustment devices 5 comprises: a left connecting flange 7, a flange connecting bolt 8, an intermediate transition flange 9, a right connecting flange 10, a nut 11, a swing shaft connecting plate 12, a gasket 13, a radial adjustment screw 14 and a radial adjustment screw plate 15; the flange connecting bolt 8 is sequentially provided with a left connecting flange 7, a gasket 13, an intermediate transition flange 9, a right connecting flange 10 and a nut 11, the upper and lower parts of the left connecting flange 7 and the intermediate transition flange 9 are respectively provided with a swing shaft connecting plate 12, and the front and rear parts of the intermediate transition flange 9 and the right connecting flange 10 are respectively provided with a radial adjustment screw plate 15; the thrust shaft 2, the stern shaft 3 and the propeller shaft 4 are sequentially connected through the two left and right flange adjustment devices 5.

[0047] Preferably: the left side shaft 6 and the right side shaft 16 are connected by the left connecting flange 7, the middle transition flange 9 and the right connecting flange 10; the left side shaft 6 is connected to the left connecting flange 7 by interference fit, and the right side shaft 16 is connected to the right connecting flange 10 by interference fit, so as to ensure that there is no movement between the shafts and the flanges; the top and bottom surfaces of the left connecting flange 7 are processed with holes, and are connected to the swing shaft connecting plate 12 by ordinary bolts; the top and bottom surfaces of the middle transition flange 9 are processed with holes, and are connected to the swing shaft connecting plate 12 by ordinary bolts, and holes are processed on the front and rear sides, and are connected to the radial adjustment screw plate 15 by ordinary bolts; the top and bottom surfaces of the right connecting flange 7 are fitted with the swing shaft connecting plate 12; the radial adjustment screw plate 15 is connected to the radial adjustment screw 14 by threads, and the gasket 13 is an aluminum alloy sheet with different thicknesses.

[0048] The present invention also provides an accuracy verification method based on the above shafting assembly test device, comprising the following steps:

[0049] The first step is to establish the basic coordinate system for shaft assembly, determine the assembly base point, fix the support seat of the thrust shaft 2 on the test platform, and install the thrust shaft 2 on the support seat.

[0050] The second step is to determine the axial deviation, centering deviation and centering offset between the thrust shaft 2 and the stern shaft 3 in the assembly test, and characterize the axial deviation, centering offset and centering deviation between the shafts at the flange adjustment device 5;

[0051] The third step is to determine the position of the support seat of the stern shaft 3 according to the position of the thrust shaft 2, combined with the test axial deviation, centering deflection and centering offset between the thrust shaft 2 and the stern shaft 3, bolt the flange adjustment device 5 between the two shafts, and install the stern shaft 3 on the support seat;

[0052] According to the position of the stern shaft 3, combined with the experimental axial deviation, centering deflection and centering offset between the stern shaft 3 and the propeller shaft 4, the position of the propeller shaft 4 support seat is determined, the flange adjustment device 5 between the two shafts is bolted, and the propeller shaft 4 is installed on the support seat.

[0053] In the fourth step, the shafting assembly test device is installed, and the axial deviation and radial deviation of key points such as the right end point of the propeller shaft 4 are measured by a laser tracker to obtain a set of shafting assembly test accuracy data.

[0054] The fifth step is to adjust the test device multiple times to change the axial deviation, centering offset and centering skew between the axes, and obtain several groups of shaft system assembly test accuracy data under different axis deviations, and verify the assembly accuracy analysis results calculated by the extreme value method, probability method or Monte Carlo simulation method.

[0055] The process of characterizing the axial misalignment, misalignment and misalignment between shafts is as follows, see Figure 3:

[0056] As shown in Fig. 3(b), the axial deviation between the shafts is achieved by adding gaskets 13, and the axial deviation can be simply calculated by the number of gaskets 13;

[0057] As shown in FIG. 3( c ), the centering offset between the shafts can be achieved by adjusting the radial adjustment screw 14 , and the centering offset of the shafts can be obtained by measuring the screw-in distance of the radial adjustment screw 14 ;

[0058] As shown in FIG3(d), the centering deviation between the shafts can be achieved by adding gaskets 13 of different thicknesses on the front and rear sides between the left connecting flange 7 and the middle transition flange 9. By measuring the center distance D of the gaskets 13 on the front and rear sides of the left shaft and the thickness d1 and d2 of the gaskets 13 on the front and rear sides, the centering deviation angle θ between the shafts is calculated. The calculation process of θ is shown in formula (1):

[0059]

[0060] The above embodiments are only used to describe the basic principles and main features of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may have various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements should all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed for protection.

Claims

1. A ship shafting assembly test device, characterized in that: The test device comprises: a shaft system component (1) and two left and right flange adjustment devices (5), wherein the shaft system component (1) comprises a stern shaft (3), a thrust shaft (2) and a propeller shaft (4); each of the flange adjustment devices (5) comprises: a left connecting flange (7), a flange connecting bolt (8), an intermediate transition flange (9), a right connecting flange (10), a nut (11), a swing shaft connecting plate (12), a gasket (13), a radial adjustment screw (14) and a radial adjustment screw plate (15); the flange connecting bolt (8) is provided with a left connecting flange (7), a gasket (13), an intermediate transition flange (9), a right connecting flange (10) and a nut (11) in sequence, wherein the left connecting flange (7) and A swing shaft connecting plate (12) is provided above and below the intermediate transition flange (9), and radial adjustment screw plates (15) are provided in front and behind the intermediate transition flange (9) and the right connecting flange (10); the thrust shaft (2), the stern shaft (3) and the propeller shaft (4) are connected in sequence through the left and right flange adjusting devices (5); the right end of the thrust shaft (2) is connected to the left connecting flange (7) of the left flange adjusting device (5), the right connecting flange (10) of the left flange adjusting device (5) is connected to the left end of the stern shaft (3), the right end of the stern shaft (3) is connected to the left connecting flange (7) of the right flange adjusting device (5), and the right connecting flange (10) of the right flange adjusting device (5) is connected to the propeller shaft (4).

2. The ship shafting assembly test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom surfaces of the left connecting flange (7) are processed with holes and are connected to the swing shaft connecting plate (12) by bolts.

3. The ship shafting assembly test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom surfaces of the intermediate transition flange (9) are processed with holes, which are connected to the swing shaft connecting plate (12) through bolts. At the same time, the front and rear surfaces are processed with holes, which are connected to the radial adjustment screw plate (15) through bolts.

4. The ship shafting assembly test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom surfaces of the right connecting flange (10) are arranged in close contact with the swing shaft connecting plate (12).

5. The ship shafting assembly test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial adjustment screw plate (15) is connected to the radial adjustment screw (14) via threads.

6. The ship shafting assembly test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gaskets (13) are aluminum alloy sheets with different thicknesses.

7. A method for verifying the accuracy of the ship shafting assembly test device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: The first step is to establish a shaft system assembly basic coordinate system, determine the assembly base point, fix the support seat of the thrust shaft (2) on the test platform, and install the thrust shaft (2) on the support seat; The second step is to determine the axial deviation, centering deflection and centering offset between the thrust shaft (2) and the stern shaft (3) during the assembly test, and characterize the axial deviation, centering deflection and centering offset between the shafts at the flange adjustment device (5); The third step is to determine the position of the stern shaft (3) support seat according to the position of the thrust shaft (2) and in combination with the test axial deviation, centering deflection and centering offset between the thrust shaft (2) and the stern shaft (3), bolt the flange adjustment device (5) between the two shafts, and install the stern shaft (3) on the support seat; according to the position of the stern shaft (3), in combination with the test axial deviation, centering deflection and centering offset between the stern shaft (3) and the propeller shaft (4), determine the position of the propeller shaft (4) support seat, bolt the flange adjustment device (5) between the two shafts, and install the propeller shaft (4) on the support seat; Step 4: After the shaft system assembly test device is installed, the axial deviation and radial deviation of the key point of the right end point of the propeller shaft (4) are measured by a measuring instrument to obtain a set of shaft system assembly test accuracy data; The fifth step is to adjust the test device several times, change the axial deviation, centering offset and centering deflection between the axes, obtain several groups of shaft system assembly test accuracy data under different axis deviations, and verify the assembly accuracy analysis results calculated by extreme value method, probability method or Monte Carlo simulation method; In the second step, the process of characterizing the axial deviation, centering deflection and centering offset between the shafts is as follows: the axial deviation between the shafts is achieved by adding a gasket (13), and the axial deviation is calculated by the number of gaskets (13); the centering offset between the shafts is achieved by adjusting the radial adjustment screw (14), and the centering offset of the shaft is obtained by measuring the screw-in distance of the radial adjustment screw (14); the centering deflection between the shafts can be achieved by adding gaskets (13) of different thicknesses on the front and rear sides between the left connecting flange (7) and the middle transition flange (9), and the centering deflection angle θ between the shafts is calculated by measuring the center distance D of the gaskets (13) on the front and rear sides of the left shaft and the thickness d1 and d2 of the gaskets (13) on the front and rear sides. The calculation process of θ is as shown in formula (1):

8. The accuracy verification method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The measuring instrument is preferably a laser tracker.

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