A focus-adjustable composite welding head for ultra-high power

Abstract

The present invention discloses a focus-adjustable composite welding head for ultra-high power. The key technical points of the technical solution include a welding head body, and the welding head body includes a laser lens, a first reflector, a second reflector, and a focusing lens arranged in sequence along the optical path; the second reflector includes a pneumatic chamber, an adjustable copper lens, a first air inlet hole, a second air inlet hole, and a pressure relief hole. The pneumatic chamber is arranged in a concentric circle structure. The pneumatic chamber includes a first pneumatic area located in the inner ring and a second pneumatic area located in the outer ring. The first pneumatic area is communicated with the first air inlet hole, and the second pneumatic area is communicated with the second air inlet hole; the curvature of the adjustable copper lens changes with the air pressure in the pneumatic chamber. This adjustable composite welding head can conveniently and accurately perform focus adjustment operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a welding head, and more specifically, to a focus-adjustable composite welding head for ultra-high power. Background Art

[0002] As a new welding technology, laser welding has characteristics such as a small heat input and a large depth-to-width ratio. During processing, the heat-affected zone of the welded parts is relatively small, the weld seam is narrow and has high strength, making laser welding more and more widely used. As the main component in laser welding, the laser welding head has an important impact on the quality of laser welding.

[0003] However, the existing laser welding heads are divided into focus-adjustable and non-focus-adjustable structures. For example, in the prior art CN201320002913.8: a focus-adjustable laser welding head, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the focus displacement of the focusing lens is provided on the light guide tube. By adjusting the micrometer knob and the spring connected to the focusing lens, the focus is adjusted. However, this adjustment method has the following problems: 1. The adjustment is cumbersome; 2. The distance control is inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a focus-adjustable composite welding head for ultra-high power, which can conveniently and accurately perform focus adjustment operations.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a focus-adjustable composite welding head for ultra-high power, including a welding head body, and the welding head body includes a laser lens, a first reflector, a second reflector, and a focusing lens arranged in sequence along the optical path;

[0006] The second reflector includes a pneumatic chamber, an adjustable copper lens, a first air inlet hole, a second air inlet hole, and a pressure relief hole. The pneumatic chamber is arranged in a concentric circle structure. The pneumatic chamber includes a first pressure area in the inner ring and a second pressure area in the outer ring. The first pressure area is communicated with the first air inlet hole, and the second pressure area is communicated with the second air inlet hole;

[0007] The curvature of the adjustable copper lens changes with the air pressure in the pneumatic chamber.

[0008] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, through the design of 4 optical lenses, the welding head of the present invention can carry a power of 30KW, having the function of being able to carry ultra-high power.

[0009] Secondly, through the design of the second mirror, the second mirror is a water-cooled copper mirror, which is a special functional lens with a variable curvature of the reflecting surface. The reflecting surface of the copper mirror is a thin copper material with a hollow structure inside. An air inlet hole and a pressure relief hole are provided on the copper mirror. Clean nitrogen is led into the cavity of the lens. Through the change of the gas pressure value, the surface curvature of the thin copper sheet changes. In the natural state, the reflecting surface of the copper mirror is concave. When the air pressure increases, the reflecting surface of the copper mirror will change from concave to convex, that is, the converging, reflecting and diverging transmission effects of the lens on the light beam are realized.

[0010] When the lens is concave, the reflected light beam shows a converging reflection effect. At this time, when the light beam passes through the focusing lens, the focal point position will move up; when the lens is flat, when the light beam passes through the focusing lens, the focal point position is the physical focal point position; when the lens is convex, it will show a diverging effect, and the light beam passes through the focusing lens, and the focal point position at this time will move down.

[0011] In a further design, the adjustable copper lens is divided into two regions relative to the first air pressure region and the second air pressure region. Through the control of two different air pressures, the precise regulation of the copper mirror in the two regions is realized, so as to realize the precise control of the focal point. The adjustment of the focal point requires the adjustment of the curvature of the edge region and the center region of the lens respectively. Moreover, through the adjustment of the air pressure in the edge region of the lens (the air pressure adjustment of the second air pressure region), the far focal point can be effectively adjusted, and the adjustment range is wider and the adjustment accuracy is more precise.

[0012] Through the above steps, the function of changing the position of the focal point can be realized by electrical control. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the composite welding head;

[0014] Figure 2 First perspective cross-sectional view of the welding head;

[0015] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A;

[0016] Figure 4 Second perspective cross-sectional view of the welding head;

[0017] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B;

[0018] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three states of the adjustable copper lens;

[0019] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three focal point positions;

[0020] Reference numerals: 1, welding head body; 11, laser lens; 12, first reflector; 13, second reflector; 14, focusing lens; 15, air pressure chamber; 151, first air pressure area; 152, second air pressure area; 16, adjustable copper lens; 17, first air inlet hole; 18, second air inlet hole; 19, pressure relief hole; 2, arc welding device; 21, driving member; 22, mounting plate; 23, arc welding torch; 24, arc-shaped guide groove; 25, fixing member; 3, laser outlet; 31, gas chamber; 32, air inlet; 33, protective sleeve; 34, gas passage; 35, upper edge; 36, lower edge; 37, windward surface; 38, return spring. Detailed implementation mode

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to the directions in the drawings, and the terms "bottom surface" and "top surface", "inner" and "outer" refer to the directions towards or away from the geometric center of a specific component respectively.

[0022] Refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A focus-adjustable composite welding head for ultra-high power, comprising a welding head body 1, and the welding head body 1 includes a laser lens 11, a first reflector 12, a second reflector 13 and a focusing lens 14 arranged in sequence along the optical path;

[0023] The second reflector 13 includes an air pressure chamber 15, an adjustable copper lens 16, a first air inlet hole 17, a second air inlet hole 18 and a pressure relief hole 19. The air pressure chamber 15 is arranged in a concentric circle structure. The air pressure chamber 15 includes a first air pressure area 151 located in the inner ring and a second air pressure area 152 located in the outer ring. The first air pressure area 151 is communicated with the first air inlet hole 17, and the second air pressure area 152 is communicated with the second air inlet hole 18;

[0024] The curvature of the adjustable copper lens 16 changes with the air pressure in the air pressure chamber 15.

[0025] In the design of the present invention, first, through the design of 4 optical lenses, the welding head can carry a power of 30KW, and has the function of being able to carry ultra-high power.

[0026] Secondly, through the design of the second reflector 13, the second reflector 13 is a water-cooled copper mirror, which is a special functional lens with a variable curvature of the reflecting surface. The reflecting surface of the copper mirror is a thin copper material with a hollow structure inside. An air inlet hole and a pressure relief hole 19 are provided on the copper mirror. Clean nitrogen is introduced into the cavity of the lens. By changing the pressure value of the gas, the surface curvature of the thin copper sheet changes. In the natural state, the reflecting surface of the copper mirror is concave. As the air pressure increases, the reflecting surface of the copper mirror changes from concave to convex, that is, the converging, reflecting, and diverging transmission effects of the lens on the light beam are realized.

[0027] When the lens is concave, the reflected light beam shows a converging reflection effect. At this time, after the light beam passes through the focusing lens 14, the focal point position will move up; when the lens is flat, when the light beam passes through the focusing lens 14, the focal point position is the physical focal point position; when the lens is convex, it will show a diverging effect, and the light beam passes through the focusing lens 14, and the focal point position at this time will move down.

[0028] In a further design, the adjustable copper lens 16 is divided into two regions relative to the first air pressure region 151 and the second air pressure region 152. Through the control of two different air pressures, the precise control of the copper mirror in the two regions is realized, so as to realize the precise control of the focal point. As shown in Figure 7 The adjustment of the focal point requires the adjustment of the curvature of the edge region and the central region of the lens respectively. Moreover, by adjusting the air pressure of the second air pressure region 152 for the edge region of the lens, the far focal point can be effectively adjusted, and the adjustment range is wider and the adjustment accuracy is more precise.

[0029] Through the above steps, the function of changing the position of the focal point can be realized through electrical control.

[0030] An arc welding device 2 is provided on the welding head body 1. The arc welding device 2 includes a driving member 21, a mounting plate 22, and an arc welding torch 23 provided on the mounting plate 22;

[0031] The driving member 21 is used to drive the mounting plate 22 to move horizontally.

[0032] The design of the arc welding device 2 can realize the composite welding function of simultaneous laser and arc welding.

[0033] And as shown in Figure 1 The driving member 21 can be a motor or a cylinder, which is used to drive the movement of the mounting plate 22, so as to realize the position adjustment of the arc welding torch 23.

[0034] An arc-shaped guide groove 24 is provided on the mounting plate 22. The arc welding torch 23 is slidably connected in the arc-shaped guide groove 24, and the arc-shaped guide groove 24 is arranged in an arc with the welding point as the center of the circle.

[0035] The design of the arc-shaped guide groove 24 enables the arc welding torch 23 to move along with the arc-shaped guide groove 24, thereby realizing the simultaneous adjustment of the position and the lateral angle of the arc welding torch 23.

[0036] A fixing member 25 is slidably connected to the mounting plate 22, and the arc welding torch 23 is hinged to the fixing member 25.

[0037] This hinged setting can realize the adjustment of the front and rear angles of the arc welding torch 23.

[0038] In summary, through this arc welding device 2, not only can the composite welding function of simultaneous laser and arc welding be realized, but also the position and angle of the arc welding torch 23 can be conveniently adjusted in all aspects.

[0039] A laser outlet 3, a gas chamber 31, an air inlet 32 and a protective sleeve 33 are provided on the welding head body 1. The gas chamber 31 is arranged between the focusing lens 14 and the laser outlet 3. The air inlet 32 is communicated with the gas chamber 31. The protective sleeve 33 is arranged in the gas chamber 31 and a gas passage 34 is formed between the protective sleeve 33 and the inner wall of the welding head body 1. Gas enters the gas chamber 31 through the air inlet 32. Due to the design of the protective sleeve 33, the gas flow direction is guided, so that the gas flows through the gas passage 34, forming a high-speed jet airflow, which flushes the focusing lens 14 above the protective sleeve 33, achieving the function of protection and cleaning. Finally, the airflow sprays out from the laser outlet 3, forming a gas cycle.

[0040] The focusing lens 14 and the protective sleeve 33 are coaxially arranged. The centers of the focusing lens 14 and the protective sleeve 33 are located on the same axis. The advantage of this design is that the laser beam generated by the focusing lens 14 can be stably emitted, which is convenient for the setting of other parts.

[0041] The inner wall of the welding head body 1 includes an upper edge 35 located above the gas chamber 31 and a lower edge 36 located below the gas chamber 31. The lower end of the protective sleeve 33 is in contact with the lower edge 36, and a gas passage 34 is formed between the upper end of the protective sleeve 33 and the upper edge 35.

[0042] As shown in 5, the protective sleeve 33 is in close contact with the lower edge 36 to prevent leakage from below, while there is a gap between the protective sleeve 33 and the upper edge 35, so that the airflow direction of the air inlet 32 is upward, guiding it to spray onto the optical lens.

[0043] The protective sleeve 33 is inclined with a windward surface 37. The design of this windward surface 37 can guide the airflow to move upward.

[0044] The upper edge 35 is arranged in an L-shaped structure, and the cross-sectional area of the end close to the gas chamber 31 is smaller than that of the end far from the gas chamber 31.

[0045] The L-shaped structure design lengthens the gas channel 34. Through the gas channel 34 that is narrow first and then wide, the function of accelerating the air flow speed is achieved, the jet effect is strengthened, and the cleaning ability is improved.

[0046] It also includes a pneumatic filling device. The pneumatic filling device is respectively connected to the first air inlet 17, the second air inlet 18, and the air inlet 32. The protective sleeve 33 is slidably connected up and down to the lower edge 36, and a return spring 38 is arranged between the protective sleeve 33 and the lower edge 36.

[0047] 1. The focal position of the laser cutting machine is on the surface of the workpiece

[0048] Since the laser is converging downward in a conical shape, at this focal position, the taper of the upper and lower parts of the workpiece will be different. The upper surface of the workpiece will be relatively smooth, and the lower surface will appear rougher. This phenomenon is very obvious in thick plate cutting. According to the actual process requirements, an appropriate positive focal length will be selected.

[0049] 2. The focal position of the laser cutting machine is inside the workpiece

[0050] The focal point being inside the workpiece is also called the positive focal length, which is generally the focal mode used when cutting metal materials such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy. During actual cutting, when the focal point is inside the workpiece, the piercing time of cutting will be longer, and the required air pressure magnitude, gas purity, and cutting temperature requirements will also be higher, consuming higher costs. Therefore, this mode will only be used when cutting thick plates or precious metals.

[0051] 3. The focal position of the laser cutting machine is above the workpiece

[0052] The focal point being above the workpiece is also called the negative focal length because the position of the cutting point is neither on the surface of the workpiece nor inside the workpiece, but is located above the cutting material. When the focal position is above the workpiece, it is because the thickness of the plate is relatively high. If the focal point is not positioned in this way, it may lead to insufficient oxygen delivered by the nozzle, resulting in a decrease in cutting temperature and the inability to cut the material. But there is a significant drawback that the cutting surface is rough and not very suitable for precision cutting.

[0053] Moreover, the higher the air pressure, the lower the focal position, and when the focal position is lower, the required air pressure magnitude is higher.

[0054] Through the design of this return spring 38, the channel area of the gas channel 34 can be adjusted to a certain extent.

[0055] When the pneumatic filling device fills the pressure above, it delivers an air flow with the same pressure to the gas chamber 31. When the air pressure is greater, the air flow pushes the protective sleeve 33 upward and compresses the return spring 38, increasing the area of the gas channel 34 and allowing more air flow to pass through.

[0056] When the air pressure is smaller, the return spring 38 drives the protective sleeve 33 to move downward, reducing the area of the gas passage 34 and the flowing air current.

[0057] In summary, it is possible to adjust the air current flow rate in the gas chamber 31 according to the air pressure intensity in the second reflector 13 for targeted air current protection.

[0058] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and refinements made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A focus-adjustable composite welding head for ultra-high power, comprising a welding head body (1), characterized in that: The welding head body (1) includes a laser lens (11), a first reflector (12), a second reflector (13), and a focusing lens (14) arranged in sequence along the optical path; The second reflector (13) includes a pneumatic cavity (15), an adjustable copper lens (16), a first air inlet hole (17), a second air inlet hole (18), and a pressure relief hole (19). The pneumatic cavity (15) is arranged in a concentric circle structure. The pneumatic cavity (15) includes a first pneumatic area (151) located in the inner ring and a second pneumatic area (152) located in the outer ring. The first pneumatic area (151) is communicated with the first air inlet hole (17), and the second pneumatic area (152) is communicated with the second air inlet hole (18); The curvature of the adjustable copper lens (16) changes with the change of the air pressure in the pneumatic cavity (15); A laser outlet (3), a gas cavity (31), an air inlet (32), and a protective sleeve (33) are arranged on the welding head body (1). The gas cavity (31) is arranged between the focusing lens (14) and the laser outlet (3). The air inlet (32) is communicated with the gas cavity (31). The protective sleeve (33) is arranged in the gas cavity (31) and a gas channel (34) is formed between the protective sleeve (33) and the inner wall of the welding head body (1); The inner wall of the welding head body (1) includes an upper edge (35) located on the upper side of the gas cavity (31) and a lower edge (36) located on the lower side of the gas cavity (31). The lower end of the protective sleeve (33) is in contact with the lower edge (36), and a gas channel (34) is formed between the upper end of the protective sleeve (33) and the upper edge (35); An air-facing surface (37) is inclinedly arranged on the protective sleeve (33).

2. The adjustable focus composite welding head for ultra-high power according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc welding device (2) is arranged on the welding head body (1). The arc welding device (2) includes a driving member (21), a mounting plate (22), and an arc welding torch (23) arranged on the mounting plate (22); The driving member (21) is used to drive the mounting plate (22) to move horizontally.

3. The adjustable focus composite welding head for ultra-high power according to claim 2, characterized in that: An arc-shaped guide rail groove (24) is arranged on the mounting plate (22). The arc welding torch (23) is slidably connected in the arc-shaped guide rail groove (24), and the arc-shaped guide rail groove (24) is arranged in an arc with the welding point as the center of the circle.

4. The adjustable focus composite welding head for ultra-high power according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fixing member (25) is slidably connected to the mounting plate (22). The arc welding torch (23) is hinged to the fixing member (25).

5. The adjustable focus composite welding head for ultra-high power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focusing lens (14) is coaxially arranged with the protective sleeve (33).

6. The adjustable focus composite welding head for ultra-high power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper edge (35) is arranged in an L-shaped structure, and the cross-sectional area of the end close to the gas cavity (31) is smaller than that of the end far from the gas cavity (31).

7. A focus-adjustable composite welding head for ultra-high power according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pneumatic filling device is further included. The pneumatic filling device is respectively connected to the first air inlet hole (17), the second air inlet hole (18), and the air inlet (32). The protective sleeve (33) is slidably connected up and down on the lower edge (36), and a return spring (38) is arranged between the protective sleeve (33) and the lower edge (36).

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