A device for detecting anti-rebound performance of a civil air defense door

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of civil air defence door anti-rebound performance detection device, belong to the technical field of protection engineering detection, including static load system, the center of one end of static load system and the side of civil air defence door leaf abuts, for applying horizontal pressure to the civil air defence door leaf;Tension connection mechanism, the tension connection mechanism is symmetrically inclined and is arranged in the two sides of static load system and one end is connected with civil air defence door frame, for applying oblique tension to the civil air defence door frame;Support tray, the support tray is away from the one end of static load system and the civil air defence door leaf abuts, two sides are connected with tension connection mechanism respectively, for converting the pressure of static load system into the tension of tension connection mechanism;And data acquisition equipment, the data acquisition equipment is electrically connected with static load system and tension connection mechanism, carries out data acquisition and storage;The size of plane load equivalent to concentrated load is calculated by displacement, realizes the detection and evaluation of civil air defence door anti-rebound performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of protective engineering testing technology, and specifically relates to a device for testing the anti-rebound performance of air defense doors. Background Technology

[0002] Air defense doors are commonly installed at the entrances of protective engineering projects to resist shock waves, shrapnel, harmful gases, and high-temperature gases generated when subjected to weapon attacks. Studies have shown that air defense doors exhibit a rebound effect under shock waves. To ensure that air defense doors do not break under the rebound force, components such as the door leaf, frame, lock, and hinges must possess sufficient strength. However, the actual quality of air defense doors on construction sites is often unsatisfactory. Firstly, material strength often fails to meet design requirements, with cast iron components used instead of cast steel, low-grade steel used instead of high-grade steel, and low-strength bolts used instead of high-strength bolts. Secondly, manufacturing processes often fail to meet design requirements, such as substandard weld quality and insufficient threaded connection length. These factors leave significant hidden dangers regarding the anti-rebound performance of air defense doors. Currently, chemical explosion is the primary method for testing the anti-rebound performance of air defense doors, but this method suffers from high technical requirements, high testing costs, and limitations as it can only be conducted in a laboratory setting, failing to accurately reflect the quality of air defense doors on-site. Therefore, the development of a device for testing the anti-rebound performance of air defense doors is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To at least address the aforementioned problem in the prior art regarding the testing and evaluation of the anti-rebound performance of air-raid shelter doors, this invention provides the following technical solution: a device for testing the anti-rebound performance of air-raid shelter doors, comprising:

[0004] A static load system, one end of which abuts against the center of one side of the air-raid shelter door, is used to apply horizontal pressure to the air-raid shelter door.

[0005] A tension connection mechanism is symmetrically and obliquely arranged on both sides of the static load system and one end is connected to the air defense door frame, for applying an oblique tension to the air defense door frame;

[0006] A support tray, which abuts against the end of the static load system furthest from the air-raid shelter door leaf, and whose two sides are respectively connected to the tension connection mechanism, is used to convert the pressure of the static load system into the tension of the tension connection mechanism; and

[0007] A data acquisition device is electrically connected to the static load system and the tension connection mechanism to perform data acquisition and storage.

[0008] Preferably, the static load system includes a jack and a pressure sensor, with one end of the jack abutting against the center of one side of the air-raid shelter door and the other end abutting against one end of the pressure sensor.

[0009] Preferably, the support tray is a barrel-shaped structure with the opening facing downward, including a top plate and side walls. The inner center of the top plate abuts against the end of the pressure sensor away from the air-raid shelter door. Four wing rings are evenly fixedly arranged on the outer side of the top plate along the circumference. A through hole is provided in the center of each wing ring. Several radial holes are evenly arranged on the side walls along the circumference.

[0010] Preferably, the number of radial holes is greater than the number of through holes.

[0011] Preferably, the tension connection mechanism includes: a steel cable, a tension sensor, and a hook located on the same straight line. The steel cable includes a first steel cable located between the support tray and the tension sensor and a second steel cable located between the tension sensor and the hook. The tension sensor is connected in series between the first steel cable and the second steel cable. The second steel cable is connected to a protruding or recessed part on the civil defense door frame through the hook.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the first steel cable is connected to the through hole or the radial hole, and the other end is connected to one end of the tension sensor. The other end of the tension sensor is connected to one end of the second steel cable, and the other end of the second steel cable is fixedly connected to the hook. The hook cooperates with the protruding or recessed part on the air defense door frame.

[0013] Preferably, both the pressure sensor and the tension sensor are connected to the data acquisition device via shielded cables.

[0014] Preferably, a steel pad and a rubber pad are sequentially arranged between the jack and the air-raid shelter door. The end of the jack away from the pressure sensor abuts against one end of the steel pad, the other end of the steel pad abuts against one end of the rubber pad, and the other end of the rubber pad abuts against the center of one side of the air-raid shelter door.

[0015] Preferably, an adjusting pad is provided between the pressure sensor and the support tray, with one end of the adjusting pad abutting against the center of the support tray and the other end abutting against the end of the pressure sensor away from the jack.

[0016] Preferably, the adjusting pad abuts against the center of the inner or outer side of the top plate of the support tray, and the diameter of the adjusting pad is smaller than the distance between the two wing rings.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] The system simulates the rebound force of a civil defense door under the action of an explosive shock wave by using jacks; measures the rebound force value by using pressure sensors, tension sensors, and data acquisition equipment; measures the deformation of the center of the civil defense door by measuring the extension and retraction of the jacks; and calculates the equivalent planar load by directly recording the concentrated load and displacement locally borne by the center of the civil defense door, thereby enabling the detection and evaluation of the anti-rebound performance of the civil defense door.

[0019] All components of this testing device are portable, allowing for testing both in the laboratory and on-site without disassembling the air-raid shelter door. This is of great significance for the quality testing and evaluation of air-raid shelter doors. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of a device for testing the anti-rebound performance of a civil defense door, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the support tray and static load system in a test device for the anti-rebound performance of a civil defense door provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a front view of the combination of the support tray and the static load system in a test device for the anti-rebound performance of a civil defense door provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a front view cross-sectional view of the combination of the support tray and the static load system in a test device for the anti-rebound performance of a civil defense door provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a top view of the support tray in a test device for the anti-rebound performance of a civil defense door provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a front view schematic diagram of the pressure sensor in a test device for the anti-rebound performance of a civil defense door provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a top view of the pressure sensor in a device for testing the anti-rebound performance of a civil defense door, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a front view schematic diagram of the tensile sensor in a test device for the anti-rebound performance of a civil defense door provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the left-hand structure of the tension sensor in a device for testing the anti-rebound performance of a civil defense door, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Air raid shelter door leaf; 2. Air raid shelter door frame; 3. Rubber pad; 4. Steel pad; 5. Jack; 6. Pressure sensor; 7. Adjusting pad; 8. Support tray; 81. Wing ring; 82. Through hole; 83. Radial hole; 9. First steel cable; 10. Tension sensor; 11. Hook; 12. Data acquisition equipment; 13. Shielded cable; 14. Second steel cable. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In the description of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connected," "linked," and "set up" used in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components; a wired connection, a radio connection, or a wireless communication signal connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] Please see Figure 1-9 The present invention provides a device for testing the anti-rebound performance of air defense doors, comprising: a static load system, a tensile connection mechanism, a support tray, and a data acquisition device.

[0033] The static load system includes a jack 5 and a pressure sensor 6. One end of the jack 5 is in contact with the center of one side of the air-raid shelter door 1, and the other end is in contact with one end of the pressure sensor 6. The jack 5 applies horizontal pressure to the air-raid shelter door 1 to achieve thrust output. The horizontal displacement of the center of the air-raid shelter door 1 over time is observed to determine the concentrated load borne by the center of the air-raid shelter door 1. The pressure sensor 6 collects axial pressure data of the rebound device.

[0034] The tension connection mechanism is symmetrically and inclinedly arranged on both sides of the static load system, including: a steel cable, a tension sensor 10, and a hook 11 located on the same straight line. The steel cable includes a first steel cable 9 located between the support tray 8 and the tension sensor 10 and a second steel cable 14 located between the tension sensor 10 and the hook 11. The tension sensor 10 is connected in series between the first steel cable 9 and the second steel cable 14. The second steel cable 14 is connected to a protruding or recessed part on the air defense door frame 2 through the hook 11 to achieve fixation. The air defense door frame 2 bears the tension of the steel cable, and the tension sensor 10 realizes the acquisition of the tension data of the steel cable.

[0035] The tension sensor 10 has a hole for installing a rope at each end. One end of the first steel cable 9 is connected to the through hole 82 or the radial hole 83, and the other end is connected to one end of the tension sensor 10. The other end of the tension sensor 10 is connected to one end of the second steel cable 14. The end of the hook has a mounting hole, and the other end of the second steel cable 14 is fixedly connected to the mounting hole of the hook 11. The hook 11 mates with a protruding or recessed part on the air-raid shelter door frame 2. The steel cable is made of steel chain or steel wire rope.

[0036] The support tray 8 abuts against the end of the pressure sensor 6 in the static load system away from the air-raid shelter door 1. Both sides of the support tray 8 are connected to one end of the first steel cable 9 in the tension connection mechanism. Furthermore, the support tray 8 is a downward-facing barrel-shaped structure, including a top plate and side walls. The inner center of the top plate abuts against the end of the pressure sensor 6 away from the air-raid shelter door 1. Four wing rings 81 are evenly welded along the circumference of the outer side of the top plate, providing a fulcrum for the connection of the first steel cable 9. A 40mm diameter through hole 82 is provided in the center of the wing ring 81. Several 40mm diameter radial holes 83 are evenly provided along the circumference of the side walls. The number of radial holes 83 is greater than the number of through holes 82. The preferred number of radial holes 83 is six. When six steel cables are needed, radial holes 83 are used. When four steel cables are needed, the support tray 8 is reversed, and through holes 82 on the wing ring 81 are used. When four steel cables are used in four directions, the orientation of each first steel cable 9 within the through hole 82 is consistent. The through holes 82 within the wing ring 81 are all perpendicular to or parallel to the diameter of the support tray 8. The space on both sides of the wing ring 81 is unrestricted, facilitating the cable threading operation. All four steel cables are connected to the through holes 82 clockwise or counterclockwise, allowing for easy connection using the same method. Typically, wire rope clips are used on-site to secure the ends of the steel cables. By installing the first steel cable 9 into the through hole 82 or radial hole 83 on the wing ring 81, the pressure output by the jack 5 is converted into the tension of the steel cable.

[0037] The data acquisition device 12 is electrically connected to the tension sensor 10 and the pressure sensor 6 via a shielded cable 13. The tension sensor 10 and pressure sensor 6 convert these signals into analog electrical signals, which the data acquisition device 12 then converts into digital signals for data acquisition and storage, thereby measuring the rebound force value. The shielded cable 13 is a cable with strong resistance to external electromagnetic interference, formed by adding a shielding layer to the transmission cable, resulting in good data transmission performance. By recording the expansion and contraction of the jack 5, the displacement caused by the deformation of the air-raid shelter door 1 is realized. The relationship between the load and displacement at the center of the air-raid shelter door 1 is recorded and analyzed. The magnitude of the planar load equivalent to the concentrated load is calculated from the displacement, thereby realizing the detection and evaluation of the anti-rebound performance of the air-raid shelter door through data acquisition and storage.

[0038] A steel pad 4 and a rubber pad 3 are sequentially installed between the jack 5 and the air-raid shelter door 1. The end of the jack 5 furthest from the pressure sensor 6 abuts against one end of the steel pad 4, and the other end of the steel pad 4 abuts against one end of the rubber pad 3. The steel pad 4 can be customized to the size of the air-raid shelter door 1. The shaft end area of ​​the jack 5 is generally fixed and relatively small compared to the air-raid shelter door 1. The steel pad 4 helps to reduce stress concentration caused by the jack 5 directly acting on the air-raid shelter door 1. The other end of the rubber pad 3 abuts against the center of one side of the air-raid shelter door 1. The rubber pad 3 increases the contact area between the steel pad 4 and the surface of the air-raid shelter door 1, preventing line contact between the forces during loading. The jack 5 is a 320-ton hydraulic jack, equipped with a 1.5KW electric double-sided lifting cylinder, with a maximum stroke of 3000mm, achieving thrust output.

[0039] An adjusting shim 7 is provided between the pressure sensor 6 and the support tray 8. One end of the adjusting shim 7 abuts against the center of the support tray 8, and the other end abuts against the end of the pressure sensor 6 furthest from the jack 5. The adjusting shim 7 can be manufactured to different heights. When the size of the air-raid shelter door 1 is different, it can be used to adjust the height of the pressure sensor 6 to avoid the angle between the first steel cable 9 and the surface of the air-raid shelter door 1 being too small or too large. Making the adjusting shim 7 hollow can ensure load-bearing capacity while controlling weight.

[0040] Pressure sensor 6 is preferably a piezoresistive pressure sensor. Its working principle is as follows: when the pressure sensor is in a pressure medium, the medium pressure acts on the corrugated diaphragm, and the silicone oil in it is compressed. The silicone oil transmits the pressure of the diaphragm to the semiconductor core. After the semiconductor core is compressed, its resistance value changes. The resistance signal is led out through the lead wire. The stainless steel corrugated diaphragm housing senses the pressure and protects the core. Therefore, the piezoresistive pressure sensor can sense pressure signals in corrosive media.

[0041] The tension sensor 10 adopts an S-type high-precision tension sensor or a plate ring tension sensor. Its working principle is as follows: the elastic element undergoes elastic deformation under the action of external force, causing the resistance strain gauge attached to its surface to deform as well. After the resistance strain gauge is deformed, its resistance value will change. Then, the corresponding measurement circuit converts this resistance change into an electrical signal, thus completing the process of converting external force into an electrical signal.

[0042] When using 6 steel cables, the adjusting shim 7 is abutted against the center of the inner side of the top plate of the support tray 8. When using 4 steel cables, the support tray 8 is inverted and the adjusting shim 7 is abutted against the center of the outer side of the top plate of the support tray 8. The diameter of the adjusting shim 7 is smaller than the distance between the two wing rings 81. At this time, the adjusting shim 7 is exactly in the center of the position of the four wing rings 81.

[0043] Working principle:

[0044] Before use, install the equipment. Along one side of the air-raid shelter door 1, place the rubber pad 3, steel pad 4, jack 5, pressure sensor 6, adjusting pad 7, and support tray 8 in sequence from near to far along the same horizontal line. Then, connect the tension sensor 10 in series between the first steel cable 9 and the second steel cable 14. Secure the other end of the second steel cable 14 to the hook 11. Hook the hook 11 onto any protruding or recessed part of the air-raid shelter door frame 2. Depending on the actual situation, if it is necessary to pull the steel cable in six directions, ensure that the adjusting pad 7 abuts against the center of the inner side of the top plate of the support tray 8. Then, thread the other end of the first steel cable 9 through the support tray. Secure the cable to the radial hole on the side wall of 8 with a wire rope buckle. Repeat the above operation to install the tension connection mechanism in the other five directions. If it is necessary to pull the steel cable in four directions, first invert the support tray 8, and abut the center of the outer side of the adjusting pad 7 against the top plate of the support tray 8. Pass the other end of the first steel cable 9 into the through hole 82 on the wing ring 81 and secure it with a wire rope buckle. Repeat the above operation to install the tension connection mechanism in the other three directions. Finally, use the shielded cable 13 to connect the pressure sensor 6 to the data acquisition device 12 and the tension sensor 10 to the data acquisition device 12 respectively. The installation is complete. Ensure that all steel cables connected to the support tray 8 are in a natural state that is neither too loose nor too tight, and record the initial extension and retraction position of the jack 5 at this time.

[0045] In use, the jack 5 continuously applies a pushing force to the air-raid shelter door 1 through its extension and retraction. The steel pad 4 transmits the received pushing force to the rubber pad 3, which in turn transmits the pushing force to the center of the air-raid shelter door 1. Based on the principle that forces between objects are reciprocal, the air-raid shelter door 1 transmits a reverse pushing force to the rubber pad 3. This reverse pushing force is then transmitted sequentially along the rubber pad 3, steel pad 4, jack 5, pressure sensor 6, and adjusting pad 7, finally reaching the support tray 8. Through the through holes 82 on the four wing rings 81 of the support tray 8 or the radial holes 83 on the six side walls, the pushing force of the jack 5 is directed in the direction of... When the direction is changed, the horizontal thrust of jack 5 is twisted into the tension of four or six steel cables in the inclined direction. The sum of the horizontal component tensions of the four or six steel cables is equal and opposite, so the resultant force in the horizontal direction is zero. However, the sum of the vertical component tensions of the four or six steel cables is equal and opposite to the thrust of jack 5. The first steel cable 9, carrying the tension sensor 10, moves away from the air-raid shelter door 1. The hook 11, which is fixed to the second steel cable 14, transmits the same tension to the air-raid shelter door frame 2, thereby simulating the rebound force of the air-raid shelter door under the action of the blast shock wave. As the output thrust of jack 5 increases, the telescopic range of jack 5 gradually increases, the tension of the first steel cable 9 gradually increases, the tension borne by the air-raid shelter door frame 2 also continuously increases, and the load borne by the center of the air-raid shelter door leaf 1 gradually increases. Initially, the air-raid shelter door leaf 1 can bear part of the load without change. However, as the thrust of jack 5 increases, when the load value reaches the maximum bearing value of the air-raid shelter door leaf 1, the center of the air-raid shelter door leaf 1 begins to deform, resulting in displacement. Pressure sensor 6 continuously records the thrust value of jack 5, and tension sensor 10 continuously records the tension value of steel cable. Pressure sensor 6 converts pressure into an analog electrical signal, and tension sensor 10 converts tension into an analog electrical signal. Data acquisition device 12 supplies power to pressure sensor 6 and tension sensor 10. Both pressure sensor 6 and tension sensor 10 transmit analog electrical signals to data acquisition device 12 through shielded cable 13. Data acquisition device 12 converts these analog electrical signals into digital signals for data acquisition and storage. By recording the extension and retraction of jack 5, the displacement caused by the deformation of the air defense door leaf 1 is realized. By recording and analyzing the relationship between rebound force and displacement of air defense door leaf 1, the anti-rebound performance of air defense door is evaluated.

[0046] After the anti-rebound performance evaluation of the air-raid shelter door is completed, the device will be disassembled and transported away following the reverse installation procedure.

[0047] As is known from common technical knowledge, this invention can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this invention or its equivalents are included in this invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the anti-rebound performance of air-raid shelter doors, characterized in that, include: A static load system, one end of which abuts against the center of one side of the air-raid shelter door, is used to apply horizontal pressure to the air-raid shelter door. A tension connection mechanism is symmetrically and obliquely arranged on both sides of the static load system and one end is connected to the air defense door frame, for applying an oblique tension to the air defense door frame; A support tray is attached to the end of the static load system away from the air-raid shelter door leaf, and both sides are connected to the tension connection mechanism to convert the pressure of the static load system into the tension of the tension connection mechanism. and A data acquisition device, which is electrically connected to the static load system and the tension connection mechanism, is used for data acquisition and storage. The static load system includes a jack and a pressure sensor. One end of the jack abuts against the center of one side of the air-raid shelter door, and the other end abuts against one end of the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is connected to the data acquisition device through a shielded cable. The support tray is a barrel-shaped structure with the opening facing downwards, including a top plate and side walls. The inner center of the top plate abuts against the end of the pressure sensor away from the air-raid shelter door. Four wing rings are evenly fixed along the circumference of the outer side of the top plate. A through hole is provided in the center of the wing ring. Several radial holes are evenly provided along the circumference of the side walls. A steel pad and a rubber pad are sequentially arranged between the jack and the air-raid shelter door. The end of the jack away from the pressure sensor abuts against one end of the steel pad, the other end of the steel pad abuts against one end of the rubber pad, and the other end of the rubber pad abuts against the center of one side of the air-raid shelter door. An adjusting pad is provided between the pressure sensor and the support tray. One end of the adjusting pad abuts against the center of the support tray, and the other end abuts against the end of the pressure sensor away from the jack.

2. The anti-rebound performance testing device for air-raid shelter doors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of radial holes is greater than the number of through holes.

3. A device for testing the anti-rebound performance of a civil defense door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The tension connection mechanism includes: a steel cable, a tension sensor, and a hook located on the same straight line. The steel cable includes a first steel cable located between the support tray and the tension sensor and a second steel cable located between the tension sensor and the hook. The tension sensor is connected in series between the first steel cable and the second steel cable. The second steel cable is connected to a protruding or recessed part on the civil defense door frame through the hook.

4. The anti-rebound performance testing device for air-raid shelter doors according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the first steel cable is connected to the through hole or the radial hole, and the other end is connected to one end of the tension sensor. The other end of the tension sensor is connected to one end of the second steel cable, and the other end of the second steel cable is fixed to the hook. The hook cooperates with the protruding or recessed part on the civil defense door frame.

5. The anti-rebound performance testing device for air-raid shelter doors according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tension sensor is connected to the data acquisition device via a shielded cable.

6. The anti-rebound performance testing device for air-raid shelter doors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting pad abuts against the center of the inner or outer side of the top plate of the support tray, and the diameter of the adjusting pad is smaller than the distance between the two wing rings.

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