Device and method for improving the micro-wear performance of turbine blade tenon by femtosecond laser

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for improving the micro-motion wear performance of a turbine blade tenon by using a femtosecond laser, comprising a box body, a moving hole is provided on the right side of the box body, a moving rod is provided in the moving hole, the moving rod is arranged in the box body and fixedly connected with a laser processing head, a positioning device for the moving rod is arranged in the moving hole, a control hole is provided on the left side of the box body, a bearing is fixedly connected in the control hole, a control rod is provided in a fixed sleeve in the bearing, the control rod is arranged to pass through the bearing and the fixed hole, the control rod is located in the box body and fixedly connected with a control board, a slide groove is provided on the right side of the control board, two slide rods are arranged in a sliding connection in the slide groove, and the two slide rods are arranged to pass through the slide groove. The present invention uses a laser processing head to emit a femtosecond laser, and completes the scanning and processing of the blade tenon curved surface through the coordinated cooperation of a three-dimensional scanning galvanometer, a visual imaging module and a laser focus position calibration module, thereby improving the micro-motion wear performance of the turbine blade tenon, and is simple to operate and highly practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of turbine blade tenons, and in particular to a device and a method for improving the micro-wear performance of turbine blade tenons by using a femtosecond laser. Background Art

[0002] Fretting wear refers to the phenomenon that under the action of cyclic loads, a part of the surface of a component produces small-amplitude relative sliding with other contact surfaces, which leads to reduced fatigue strength or early fracture of the component. During the use of turbine blades, fretting wear often occurs at the tenon and mortise of the blade, generating microcracks. These microcracks will continue to expand under the long-term action of the engine excitation force, and eventually induce fatigue fracture, causing serious flight accidents. The commonly used prevention method is to prepare a wear-resistant coating on the surface of the tenon or use processes such as infiltration / injection to improve its wear resistance. However, the coating is easy to peel off during use, and processes such as infiltration / injection will affect the fatigue performance of the material. Therefore, the above processes all have certain disadvantages.

[0003] In order to solve this problem, the present invention proposes a device and method for improving the wear resistance of the blade tenon by directly scanning the blade tenon with a femtosecond laser. The process is simple and the improvement effect is significant, providing a practical method and means for solving the problem of early failure due to micro-wear of the blade tenon. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings existing in the prior art, such as: the wear-resistant coating is easy to peel off during use, and the processes such as infiltration / injection will affect the fatigue performance of the material. Therefore, a device and method for improving the micro-wear performance of the tenon of a turbine blade by femtosecond laser scanning are proposed.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for improving the micro-motion wear performance of a turbine blade tenon by using a femtosecond laser comprises a box body, a moving hole is provided on the right side of the box body, a moving rod is provided in the moving hole, the moving rod is arranged through the moving hole, the moving rod is located in the box body and fixedly connected with a laser processing head, a positioning device for the moving rod is provided in the moving hole, a control hole is provided on the left side of the box body, a bearing is fixedly connected in the control hole, a control rod is provided in a fixed sleeve in the bearing, the control rod runs through the bearing and the fixed hole, the control rod is located in the box body and fixedly connected with a control plate, a slide groove is provided on the right side of the control plate, two slide rods are slidably connected in the slide groove, and the two slide rods are The sliding rod is arranged through the sliding groove, the two sliding rods are located outside the sliding groove and are fixedly connected with a clamping rod, the clamping rods are connected by a third spring, the control rod is located outside the box and is fixedly connected with a rotating plate, the sliding sleeve on the control rod is provided with a moving ring, the moving ring is arranged between the box and the rotating plate, the moving ring is connected to the rotating plate through a fifth spring, the side wall of the moving ring is symmetrically provided with a plurality of through holes, the outside of the box is fixedly connected with two fixing rods, the two fixing rods are located on both sides of the control hole, and the two fixing rods are arranged through the through hole, and a position limiting device for the laser processing head is arranged in the box.

[0007] Preferably, the positioning device includes a plurality of card slots symmetrically arranged in the moving hole, a cavity is provided in the moving rod, two card plates are symmetrically and slidably connected in the cavity, the two card plates are connected by a first spring, a card rod is fixedly connected on one side of the two card plates away from each other, the card rod passes through the cavity and matches the card slots, and a pressing plate is also fixedly connected on one side of the two card plates away from each other, and the pressing plate passes through the cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the position limiting device includes a contact plate arranged in the box body, the contact plate is arranged at the lower side of the clamping rod, and the contact plate and the laser processing head are arranged correspondingly, the lower side of the contact plate is fixedly connected with a second spring, the other side of the second spring is fixedly connected to the box body, the right side of the contact plate is fixedly connected with a contact rod, the upper right side of the contact rod is fixedly connected with a second rack, the box body is rotatably connected with a rotating rod, the rotating rod passes through the box body, the rotating rod is located in the box body and is fixedly sleeved with a gear, the gear and the second rack are meshing and matched and connected, the lower side of the laser processing head is provided with a connecting groove, the connecting groove is slidably connected with a first rack, the first rack passes through the connecting groove, the first rack is located on the right side of the gear and is meshed with the gear, the first rack is located in the connecting groove and is fixedly connected with a fourth spring, and the other side of the fourth spring is fixedly connected to the connecting groove.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the box body is symmetrically provided with two limiting grooves, and limiting rods are slidably connected in the two limiting grooves, and the limiting rods penetrate the limiting grooves and are fixedly connected to the contact plate.

[0010] Preferably, the outer fixing sleeves of the two clamp rods are provided with rubber sleeves.

[0011] Preferably, the laser processing head includes a three-dimensional scanning galvanometer, a visual imaging module and a laser focus position calibration module, the three-dimensional scanning galvanometer includes a laser emitter, a dynamic focus control unit is provided on the right side of the laser emitter, a camera adapter is provided on the right side of the dynamic focus control unit, a swing motor is provided on the right side of the camera adapter, an X-axis emitter and a Y-axis reflector are fixedly connected at both ends of the swing motor, the X-axis emitter and the Y-axis reflector are matched with the camera adapter, a field lens is provided on the lower side of the swing motor, and the field lens and the X-axis emitter and the Y-axis reflector are matched with each other. The visual imaging module includes a CMOS camera, an object telecentric head is provided at the lower side of the CMOS camera, a bandpass filter is provided at the lower side of the object telecentric head, a dichroic mirror is provided at the lower side of the bandpass filter, a ring light source is provided at the lower side of the dichroic mirror, the laser focus position calibration module includes a generator, a lens is provided at the lower side of the generator, a first plane mirror is provided at the lower side of the lens, a plurality of convex lenses and a plurality of second plane mirrors are provided on the side wall of the first plane mirror, the plurality of convex lenses and the second plane mirrors are matched and arranged in pairs, and an optical detector is provided at the oblique upper side of the second plane mirror.

[0012] The method for improving the fretting wear performance of turbine blade tenon by femtosecond laser comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1. First, press the two pressing plates towards each other. The two pressing plates drive the card plates towards each other. While the card plates compress the first spring, they drive the card plates towards each other until the card rod moves out of the card slot. Rotate the rotating rod counterclockwise. The rotating rod drives the first rack and the second rack to move away from each other through the gear. The first rack drives the laser processing head and the moving rod to move upward as a whole through the fourth spring. The second rack drives the contact plate downward through the contact rod. The contact plate compresses the second spring until the distance between the contact plate and the laser processing head meets the working requirements.

[0014] S2. Move the two clamping rods toward each other, the two clamping rods compress the third spring, and put the tenon of the turbine blade that needs to be processed on the outside of the two clamping rods. Loosen the clamping rods. Under the action of the third spring, the two clamping rods move away from each other, thereby clamping the tenon of the turbine blade that needs to be processed.

[0015] S3. Loosen the rotating rod. Under the action of the second spring, the contact plate moves upward until it contacts the tenon of the turbine blade. During this process, the contact plate drives the contact rod to move upward. The contact rod cooperates with the second rack, the gear and the first rack to move the laser processing head downward. The moving rod is slightly moved downward. The moving rod drives the laser processing head downward until the position of the laser processing head meets the working needs. At this time, the second spring and the fourth spring are both in a compressed state.

[0016] S4. Release the pressing plate. Under the action of the first spring, the card plate moves away from each other, and the card plate drives the card rod to move away from each other. The card rod enters the corresponding card slot, thereby completing the overall connection operation.

[0017] S5. Hold the rotating plate and the moving ring and move the moving ring to the left. The moving ring compresses the corresponding fifth spring until the fixed rod and the through hole are disconnected. Rotate the rotating plate. The rotating plate drives the control plate to rotate through the control rod. The control plate drives the turbine blade tenon to perform corresponding rotation operations, and then start the corresponding processing operations.

[0018] S6. Start the laser transmitter. The laser beam emitted by the laser transmitter passes through the dynamic focusing control unit to complete the adjustment operation of the Z axis. After passing through the camera adapter, the laser beam enters the X-axis reflector and the Y-axis reflector. The swing motor is started. With the cooperation of the computer, the X-axis reflector and the Y-axis reflector are swung at a certain angle to realize the deflection of the beam direction and form a two-dimensional scanning trajectory. After the beam is focused on the surface of the object to be processed through the field lens, the two-dimensional scanning processing of the femtosecond laser on the three-dimensional curved surface in space is completed. The working band of the annular light source and the bandpass filter is selected to be -nm. The dichroic mirror reflects the working wavelengths nm and nm of the laser and transmits the working wavelength of the annular light source beam. The system realizes high-precision measurement of the femtosecond laser processing process through a high-resolution image detector in conjunction with the object telecentric lens. The generator is started. The displacement of the object is measured by the change in the position of the reflected light on the optical detector, and then the overall structure of the object to be processed is obtained. The corresponding processing operation is started. After the processing is completed, the reverse operation of the above process is repeated. While removing the tenon of the turbine blade, the device is restored to its original state to facilitate the next processing operation.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the processing operation of the turbine blade tenon is completed by emitting a femtosecond laser through a laser processing head, thereby improving the micro-wear performance of the turbine blade tenon and improving the service life of the turbine as a whole; the position adjustment and fixing operation between the laser processing head and the housing is completed by cooperating with a moving rod, a moving hole, a clamping rod, and a clamping groove; the simple fixing operation of the turbine blade tenon is completed by cooperating with a clamping rod; the adjustment operation between the laser processing head and the turbine blade tenon is completed by cooperating with a contact plate, a contact rod, a gear, a first rack, and a second rack; the processing operation of the turbine blade tenon is completed by the laser processing head; and the processing operation of the turbine blade tenon is completed well by the laser processing head; in the above-mentioned operation process, a surface micro-nano structure can be formed on the surface of the turbine blade tenon by a femtosecond laser, reducing the contact area between the tenon and the tenon groove, and capturing the debris generated by the friction process, reducing the shearing effect of the debris on the matrix. In addition, a fine-grained strengthening layer is formed on the surface to improve the hardness and deformation resistance of the surface layer, thereby improving its wear resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device proposed by the present invention for improving the fretting wear performance of the tenon of a turbine blade using a femtosecond laser;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at center A;

[0022] Figure 3 A top view schematic diagram of the connection of the cavity in the device for improving the fretting wear performance of the tenon of a turbine blade by using a femtosecond laser proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A top view schematic diagram of the connection of the contact plate in the device for improving the fretting wear performance of the tenon of a turbine blade by using a femtosecond laser proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at B in the middle;

[0025] In the figure: 1 box, 2 moving hole, 3 moving rod, 4 laser processing head, 5 card slot, 6 cavity, 7 card plate, 8 card rod, 9 pressing plate, 10 first spring, 11 first rack, 12 rotating rod, 13 gear, 14 second rack, 15 contact rod, 16 contact plate, 17 second spring, 18 control rod, 19 control plate, 20 slide slot, 21 slide rod, 22 clamping rod, 23 third spring, 24 rotating plate, 25 connecting slot, 26 fourth spring, 27 limit slot, 28 limit rod, 29 control hole, 30 bearing, 31 moving ring, 32 fifth spring, 33 through hole, 34 fixed rod, 35 dynamic focus control unit, 36 camera adapter, 37 swing motor, 38 X-axis reflector, 39 Y-axis reflector, 40 laser transmitter, 41 field mirror, 42 CMOS camera, 43 object telecentric lens, 44 bandpass filter, 45 dichroic mirror, 46 ring light source, 47 generator, 48 lens, 49 first plane mirror, 50 second plane mirror, 51 convex lens, 52 optical detector.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional scanning galvanometer;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the visual imaging module;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the laser focus position calibration module structure;

[0029] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of blade tenon processing by femtosecond laser;

[0030] Fig.10 is the friction coefficient of the tenon surface after femtosecond laser surface modification;

[0031] Fig.11 This is the wear scar profile of the tenon surface after femtosecond laser surface modification;

[0032] Fig.12 is the wear value of the tenon surface after femtosecond laser surface modification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0035] Reference Figure 1-5A device for improving the micro-motion wear performance of a turbine blade tenon by using a femtosecond laser comprises a box body 1, a moving hole 2 is arranged on the right side of the box body 1, a moving rod 3 is arranged in the moving hole 2, the moving rod 3 is arranged to penetrate the moving hole 2, the moving rod 3 is located in the box body 1 and is fixedly connected with a laser processing head 4, a clamping device for the moving rod 3 is arranged in the moving hole 2, the clamping device comprises a plurality of clamping grooves 5 symmetrically arranged in the moving hole 2, a cavity 6 is arranged in the moving rod 3, two clamping plates 7 are symmetrically slidably connected in the cavity 6, the two clamping plates 7 are connected by a first spring 10, a clamping rod 8 is fixedly connected on the side of the two clamping plates 7 away from each other, and the clamping rod 8 The cavity 6 and the card slot 5 are matched and arranged correspondingly, and the two card plates 7 are also fixedly connected with a pressing plate 9 on the side away from each other. The pressing plate 9 is arranged through the cavity 6. A control hole 29 is arranged on the left side of the box body 1. A bearing 30 is fixedly connected in the control hole 29. A control rod 18 is fixedly sleeved in the bearing 30. The control rod 18 runs through the bearing 30 and the fixed hole. The control rod 18 is located in the box body 1 and is fixedly connected with a control plate 19. A slide groove 20 is arranged on the right side of the control plate 19. Two sliding rods 21 are slidably connected in the slide groove 20. The two sliding rods 21 run through the slide groove 20. The two sliding rods 21 are located outside the slide groove 20 and are fixedly connected with a clamping rod 22. The clamping rods 22 are connected by a third spring 23. The control rod 18 is located outside the box body 1 and is fixedly connected with a rotating plate 24. A moving ring 31 is slidingly sleeved on the control rod 18. The moving ring 31 The movable ring 31 is arranged between the box body 1 and the rotating plate 24, the movable ring 31 is connected to the rotating plate 24 through the fifth spring 32, the side wall of the movable ring 31 is symmetrically provided with a plurality of through holes 33, two fixed rods 34 are fixedly connected to the outside of the box body 1, the two fixed rods 34 are arranged on both sides of the control hole 29, and the two fixed rods 34 are arranged through the through holes 33, a position limiting device of the laser processing head 4 is arranged in the box body 1, the position limiting device includes a contact plate 16 arranged in the box body 1, the contact plate 16 is arranged at the lower side of the clamping rod 22, and the contact plate 16 and the laser processing head 4 are arranged correspondingly, a second spring 17 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the contact plate 16, and the other side of the second spring 17 is fixedly connected to the box body 1, a contact rod 15 is fixedly connected to the right side of the contact plate 16, and a second rack 14 is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the contact rod 15, a rotating rod 12 is rotatably connected in the box body 1, the rotating rod 12 is arranged through the box body 1, and the rotating rod 12 A gear 13 is fixedly sleeved in the box body 1, and the gear 13 is meshed and matched with the second rack 14. A connecting groove 25 is provided at the lower side of the laser processing head 4, and a first rack 11 is slidably connected in the connecting groove 25. The first rack 11 runs through the connecting groove 25, and the first rack 11 is located on the right side of the gear 13 and meshed with the gear 13. The first rack 11 is located in the connecting groove 25 and is fixedly connected with a fourth spring 26, and the other side of the fourth spring 26 is fixedly connected with the connecting groove 25. Two limit grooves 27 are symmetrically provided on the inner side wall of the box body 1.A limit rod 28 is provided in a sliding connection in the two limit grooves 27. The limit rod 28 passes through the limit groove 27 and is fixedly connected to the contact plate 16 to determine and limit the movement trajectory of the contact plate 16. A rubber sleeve is provided on the outer fixed sleeve of the two clamping rods 22 to increase the friction between the clamping rod 22 and the turbine blade tenon, so that the connection between the turbine blade tenon and the clamping rod 22 is tighter. The laser processing head includes a three-dimensional scanning galvanometer, a visual imaging module and a laser focus position calibration module. The three-dimensional scanning galvanometer includes a laser emitter 40. A dynamic focus control unit 35 is provided on the right side of the laser emitter 40. The unit can control the movement of the light beam in the Z-axis direction. A camera adapter 36 is provided on the right side of the dynamic focus control unit 35. A swing motor 37 is provided on the right side of the camera adapter 36. Under the control of a computer, the motor can swing a certain angle according to a certain voltage and angle conversion ratio. The two ends of the swing motor 37 are fixedly connected with an X-axis transmitter 38 and a Y The X-axis reflector 39, the X-axis transmitter 38 and the Y-axis reflector 39 are matched with the camera adapter 36, the lower side of the swing motor 37 is provided with a field lens 41, the field lens 41 and the X-axis transmitter 38 and the Y-axis reflector 39 are matched with each other, and the visual imaging module includes a CMOS camera 42. An object telecentric head 43 is provided at the lower side of the CMOS camera 42, a bandpass filter 44 is provided at the lower side of the object telecentric head 43, a dichroic mirror 45 is provided at the lower side of the bandpass filter 44, a ring light source 46 is provided at the lower side of the dichroic mirror 45, a laser focus position calibration module includes a generator 47, a lens 48 is provided at the lower side of the generator 47, a first plane mirror 49 is provided at the lower side of the lens 48, a plurality of convex lenses 51 and a plurality of second plane mirrors 52 are provided on the side wall of the first plane mirror 49, the plurality of convex lenses 51 and the second plane mirrors 52 are matched and arranged in pairs, an optical detector 52 is provided at the oblique upper side of the second plane mirror 52, and the laser focus position calibration module is used to calibrate the focus position of the femtosecond laser on the curved surface component in real time and perform online correction.

[0036] The method for improving the fretting wear performance of turbine blade tenon by femtosecond laser comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1. First, press the two pressing plates 9 towards each other. The two pressing plates 9 drive the card plate 7 towards each other. The card plate 7 compresses the first spring 10 and drives the card plate 7 towards each other until the card rod 8 moves out of the card slot 5. Rotate the rotating rod 12 counterclockwise. The rotating rod 12 drives the first rack 11 and the second rack 14 to move away from each other through the gear 13. The first rack 11 drives the laser processing head 4 and the moving rod 3 to move upward as a whole through the fourth spring 26. The second rack 14 drives the contact plate 16 downward through the contact rod 15. The contact plate 16 compresses the second spring 17 until the distance between the contact plate 16 and the laser processing head 4 meets the working requirements.

[0038] S2. Move the two clamping rods 22 in the direction towards each other, the two clamping rods 22 compress the third spring 23, and put the tenon of the turbine blade that needs to be processed on the outside of the two clamping rods 22. Loosen the clamping rod 22. Under the action of the third spring 23, the two clamping rods 22 move away from each other, and then clamp the tenon of the turbine blade that needs to be processed.

[0039] S3. Release the rotating rod 12. Under the action of the second spring 17, the contact plate 16 moves upward until it contacts the tenon of the turbine blade. During this process, the contact plate 16 drives the contact rod 15 to move upward. The contact rod 15 cooperates with the second rack 14, the gear 13 and the first rack 11 to move the laser processing head 4 downward and slightly move the moving rod 3 downward. The moving rod 3 drives the laser processing head 4 downward until the position of the laser processing head 4 meets the working requirements. At this time, the second spring 17 and the fourth spring 26 are both in a compressed state.

[0040] S4, release the pressing plate 9, under the action of the first spring 10, the clamping plate 7 moves away from each other, the clamping plate 7 drives the clamping rod 8 to move away from each other, and the clamping rod 8 enters the corresponding clamping slot 5, thereby completing the overall connection operation.

[0041] S5. Hold the rotating plate 24 and the moving ring 31, move the moving ring 31 to the left, and the moving ring 31 compresses the corresponding fifth spring 32 until the fixed rod 34 and the through hole 33 are disconnected. Rotate the rotating plate 24. The rotating plate 24 drives the control plate 19 to rotate through the control rod 18. The control plate 19 drives the turbine blade tenon to perform corresponding rotation operations, and then start the corresponding processing operations.

[0042] S6. After the processing is completed, repeat the above process in reverse, remove the turbine blade tenon and restore the device to its original state to facilitate the next processing operation.

[0043] In the present invention, firstly, the two pressing plates 9 are pressed toward each other, and the two pressing plates 9 drive the card plate 7 to move toward each other, and the card plate 7 compresses the first spring 10 while driving the card plate 7 to move toward each other, until the card rod 8 moves out of the card slot 5, and the rotating rod 12 is rotated counterclockwise, and the rotating rod 12 drives the first rack 11 and the second rack 14 to move away from each other through the gear 13, and the first rack 11 drives the laser processing head 4 and the moving rod 3 to move upward as a whole through the fourth spring 26, and the second rack 14 The contact plate 16 is driven downward by the contact rod 15, and the contact plate 16 compresses the second spring 17 until the distance between the contact plate 16 and the laser processing head 4 meets the working requirements, and the two clamping rods 22 are moved in the direction close to each other, and the two clamping rods 22 compress the third spring 23, and the tenon of the turbine blade to be processed is sleeved on the outside of the two clamping rods 22, and the clamping rods 22 are released. Under the action of the third spring 23, the two clamping rods 22 move in the direction away from each other, and then clamp the tenon of the turbine blade to be processed, and the rotating rod 12 is released. Under the action of , the contact plate 16 moves upward until it contacts the tenon of the turbine blade. In this process, the contact plate 16 drives the contact rod 15 to move upward, and the contact rod 15 cooperates with the second rack 14, the gear 13 and the first rack 11 to make the laser processing head 4 move downward, and slightly move the moving rod 3 downward, and the moving rod 3 drives the laser processing head 4 to move downward until the position of the laser processing head 4 meets the working needs. At this time, the second spring 17 and the fourth spring 26 are both in a compressed state, and the pressing plate 9 is released. Under the action of the first spring 10, the card plate 7 moves away from each other, and the card plate 7 drives the card rod 8 to move away from each other, and the card rod 8 enters the corresponding card slot 5, thereby completing the overall connection operation, holding the rotating plate 24 and the moving ring 31, so that the moving ring 31 moves to the left, and the moving ring 31 compresses the corresponding fifth spring 32 until the fixed rod 34 and the through hole 33 are disconnected, and the rotating plate 24 is rotated. The rotating plate 24 drives the control plate 19 to rotate through the control rod 18, and the control plate 19 The turbine blade tenon is driven to perform corresponding rotation operation, and then the corresponding processing operation is started. The laser transmitter 40 is started. The laser beam emitted by the laser transmitter 40 passes through the dynamic focusing control unit 35 to complete the adjustment operation of the Z axis, and then passes through the camera adapter 36 to enter the X-axis reflector 38 and the Y-axis reflector 39. The swing motor 37 is started. With the cooperation of the computer, the X-axis reflector 38 and the Y-axis reflector 39 are swung at a certain angle, so as to realize the deflection of the light beam and form a two-dimensional scanning trajectory. After the field lens 41 focuses on the surface of the processed object, the two-dimensional scanning processing of the femtosecond laser on the three-dimensional curved surface in space is completed. The working band of the annular light source 46 and the bandpass filter 44 is selected to be 600-700nm. The dichroic mirror 35 reflects the working wavelengths of the laser 1030nm and 1064nm, and transmits the working wavelength of the annular light source beam.The system uses a high-resolution image detector in conjunction with the object telecentric lens 43 to achieve high-precision measurement of the femtosecond laser processing process. The generator 47 is started, and the displacement of the object is measured by the change in the position of the reflected light on the optical detector 52, and then the overall structure of the object to be processed is obtained. The tenon 54 of the turbine blade 53 is scanned and processed. The tenon groove 55 is a complex curved surface structure with a large curvature change and a narrow processing position. The femtosecond laser 56, in coordination with various subsystems, performs enhanced processing according to the established laser parameters and spot overlap rate along a top-down, left-to-right scanning path 57, scanning layer by layer to ensure the consistency of the processing effect. After the processing is completed, the above process is repeated in reverse. While removing the turbine blade tenon, the device is restored to its original state to facilitate the next processing operation.

[0044] The wear resistance of the tenon after femtosecond laser surface modification was tested to verify the effectiveness of the device and technology proposed in the present invention. Fig.10 The friction coefficient of the tenon surface modified by different laser energies is shown. From the friction coefficient, the friction process can be divided into two stages: the rapid rise stage and the stable stage. When the wear reaches the stable stage, the average friction coefficient is calculated. The results show that in the stable stage, the friction coefficient decreases with the increase of laser energy. Fig.11 The surface wear profiles of the tenons after being treated with different laser energies are shown in the figure. It can be seen from the figure that the untreated surface has a larger wear width and wear depth. The wear width of the surface treated with laser energy 1 is close to that of the untreated surface, but the wear depth is much smaller than that of the untreated surface. The wear width of the surface treated with laser energy 2 and laser energy 3 is significantly reduced. Fig.12 The wear volume of the tenon after different laser energy modification is shown. In the cycle of 2500s, the wear volume of the untreated tenon is 2.83×10 5 μm 3 After treatment with femtosecond laser of different energies, the wear of the tenon was reduced. When the laser energy was 1, 2, and 3, the wear of the tenon was 1.48×10 5 μm 3 , 2.21×10 5 μm 3 and 1.74×10 5 μm 3 Compared with the untreated tenon, the wear amount was reduced by 47.7%, 21.9% and 38.5% respectively, and the maximum wear amount was reduced by nearly 50%. The above results show that the device and method proposed in this patent for improving the micro-wear performance of turbine blade tenons using femtosecond laser are feasible.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for improving the micro-wear performance of turbine blade tenons by femtosecond laser, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A moving hole (2) is provided on the right side of the box body (1), a moving rod (3) is provided in the moving hole (2), the moving rod (3) is arranged to penetrate the moving hole (2), the moving rod (3) is located in the box body (1) and is fixedly connected to a laser processing head (4), the moving hole (2) is provided with a positioning device for the moving rod (3), a control hole (29) is provided on the left side of the box body (1), a bearing (30) is fixedly connected in the control hole (29), a control rod (18) is fixedly sleeved in the bearing (30), the control rod (18) penetrates the bearing (30) and the fixed hole, the control rod (18) is located in the box body (1) and is fixedly connected to a control board (19), a slide groove (20) is provided on the right side of the control board (19), two slide rods (21) are slidably connected in the slide groove (20), and the two slide rods (21) penetrate the slide groove (20), The two sliding rods (21) are located outside the slide groove (20) and are fixedly connected with a clamping rod (22). The clamping rods (22) are connected by a third spring (23). The control rod (18) is located outside the box body (1) and is fixedly connected with a rotating plate (24). A moving ring (31) is slidably sleeved on the control rod (18). The moving ring (31) is located between the box body (1) and the rotating plate (24). The moving ring (31) is connected to the rotating plate (24) by a fifth spring (32). A plurality of through holes (33) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the moving ring (31). Two fixed rods (34) are fixedly connected with the outside of the box body (1). The two fixed rods (34) are located on both sides of the control hole (29), and the two fixed rods (34) are penetrated through the through holes (33). A position limiting device for a laser processing head (4) is arranged inside the box body (1); The positioning device comprises a plurality of slots (5) symmetrically arranged in the moving hole (2); a cavity (6) is arranged in the moving rod (3); two card plates (7) are symmetrically slidably connected in the cavity (6); the two card plates (7) are connected by a first spring (10); a card rod (8) is fixedly connected on one side of the two card plates (7) away from each other; the card rod (8) passes through the cavity (6) and the slots (5) and is matched and correspondingly arranged; a pressing plate (9) is also fixedly connected on one side of the two card plates (7) away from each other; the pressing plate (9) passes through the cavity (6); The position limiting device comprises a contact plate (16) arranged in a box body (1), wherein the contact plate (16) is arranged at the lower side of the clamping rod (22), and the contact plate (16) and the laser processing head (4) are arranged correspondingly, a second spring (17) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the contact plate (16), and the other side of the second spring (17) is fixedly connected to the box body (1), a contact rod (15) is fixedly connected to the right side of the contact plate (16), and a second rack (14) is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the contact rod (15), and a rotating rod (12) is rotatably connected in the box body (1), and the rotating rod (12) runs through the box body (1). The rotating rod (12) is located in the box body (1) and is fixedly sleeved with a gear (13). The gear (13) and the second rack (14) are meshingly matched and connected. A connecting groove (25) is provided on the lower side of the laser processing head (4). A first rack (11) is slidably connected in the connecting groove (25). The first rack (11) runs through the connecting groove (25). The first rack (11) is located on the right side of the gear (13) and is meshingly connected with the gear (13). The first rack (11) is located in the connecting groove (25) and is fixedly connected with a fourth spring (26). The other side of the fourth spring (26) is fixedly connected to the connecting groove (25); The laser processing head comprises a three-dimensional scanning galvanometer, a visual imaging module and a laser focus position calibration module. The three-dimensional scanning galvanometer comprises a laser emitter (40). A dynamic focus control unit (35) is arranged on the right side of the laser emitter (40). A camera adapter (36) is arranged on the right side of the dynamic focus control unit (35). A swing motor (37) is arranged on the right side of the camera adapter (36). An X-axis emitter (38) and a Y-axis reflector (39) are fixedly connected at both ends of the swing motor (37). The X-axis emitter (38) and the Y-axis reflector (39) are matched with the camera adapter (36). A field lens (41) is arranged on the lower side of the swing motor (37). The field lens (41) and the X-axis emitter (38) and the Y-axis reflector (39) are matched with each other. The visual imaging module comprises a CMOS camera (42), an object telecentric head (43) is arranged at the lower side of the CMOS camera (42), a bandpass filter (44) is arranged at the lower side of the object telecentric head (43), a dichroic mirror (45) is arranged at the lower side of the bandpass filter (44), a ring light source (46) is arranged at the lower side of the dichroic mirror (45), and the laser focus position calibration module comprises a generator (47), a lens (48) is arranged at the lower side of the generator (47), a first plane mirror (49) is arranged at the lower side of the lens (48), a plurality of convex lenses (51) and a plurality of second plane mirrors are arranged on the side wall of the first plane mirror (49), the plurality of convex lenses (51) and the second plane mirrors are arranged in pairs, and an optical detector (52) is arranged at the oblique upper side of the second plane mirror.

2. The device for improving the fretting wear performance of turbine blade tenons by femtosecond laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner side wall of the box body (1) is symmetrically provided with two limiting grooves (27), and limiting rods (28) are slidably connected in the two limiting grooves (27). The limiting rods (28) penetrate the limiting grooves (27) and are fixedly connected to the contact plate (16).

3. The device for improving the fretting wear performance of turbine blade tenons by femtosecond laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer fixing sleeves of the two clamping rods (22) are provided with rubber sleeves.

4. The working method of the device for improving the fretting wear performance of turbine blade tenons by using a femtosecond laser according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. First, the two pressing plates (9) are pressed toward each other. The two pressing plates (9) drive the card plate (7) to move toward each other. The card plate (7) compresses the first spring (10) and drives the card plate (7) to move toward each other until the card rod (8) moves out of the card slot (5). The rotating rod (12) is rotated counterclockwise. The rotating rod (12) drives the first rack (11) and the second rack (14) to move away from each other through the gear (13). The first rack (11) drives the laser processing head (4) and the moving rod (3) to move upward as a whole through the fourth spring (26). The second rack (14) drives the contact plate (16) to move downward through the contact rod (15). The contact plate (16) compresses the second spring (17) until the distance between the contact plate (16) and the laser processing head (4) meets the working requirements. S2, moving the two clamping rods (22) in a direction close to each other, the two clamping rods (22) compress the third spring (23), and the tenon of the turbine blade to be processed is sleeved on the outside of the two clamping rods (22), and the clamping rods (22) are released. Under the action of the third spring (23), the two clamping rods (22) move in a direction away from each other, thereby clamping the tenon of the turbine blade to be processed; S3, loosen the rotating rod (12), and under the action of the second spring (17), the contact plate (16) moves upward until it contacts the tenon of the turbine blade. During this process, the contact plate (16) drives the contact rod (15) to move upward, and the contact rod (15) cooperates with the second rack (14), the gear (13) and the first rack (11) to move the laser processing head (4) downward, and slightly move the moving rod (3). The moving rod (3) drives the laser processing head (4) to move downward until the position of the laser processing head (4) meets the working requirements. At this time, the second spring (17) and the fourth spring (26) are both in a compressed state; S4, release the pressing plate (9), and under the action of the first spring (10), the clamping plate (7) moves away from each other, and the clamping plate (7) drives the clamping rod (8) to move away from each other, and the clamping rod (8) enters the corresponding clamping groove (5), thereby completing the overall connection operation; S5, holding the rotating plate (24) and the moving ring (31), moving the moving ring (31) to the left, the moving ring (31) compressing the corresponding fifth spring (32), until the fixed rod (34) and the through hole (33) are disconnected, rotating the rotating plate (24), the rotating plate (24) drives the control plate (19) to rotate through the control rod (18), and the control plate (19) drives the turbine blade tenon to perform a corresponding rotation operation; S6, start the laser emitter (40), the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter (40) passes through the dynamic focus control unit (35), completes the adjustment operation of the Z axis, passes through the camera adapter (36) and enters the X-axis reflector (38) and the Y-axis reflector (39), starts the swing motor (37), and with the cooperation of the computer, makes the X-axis reflector (38) and the Y-axis reflector (39) swing at a certain angle, thereby realizing the deflection of the direction of the light beam, forming a two-dimensional scanning trajectory, and then focuses on the surface of the processing object through the field lens (41), completing the two-dimensional scanning processing of the femtosecond laser on the three-dimensional curved surface in space, and the ring light source (46) and the bandpass filter (44) are working. The wavelength band is selected to be 600-700nm, the dichroic mirror (35) reflects the working wavelengths of the laser at 1030nm and 1064nm, and transmits the working wavelength of the annular light source beam. The system realizes high-precision measurement of the femtosecond laser processing process through a high-resolution image detector in conjunction with an object telecentric lens (43), starts the generator (47), measures the displacement of the object through the change in the position of the reflected light on the optical detector (52), and then obtains the overall structure of the object to be processed, and starts the corresponding processing operation. After the processing is completed, the reverse operation of the above process is repeated, and the turbine blade tenon is removed while the device is restored to its original state to facilitate the next processing operation.

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