Apparatus and method for collecting greenhouse gases and ammonia

Abstract

The application discloses a device and a method for collecting greenhouse gas and ammonia. The device solves the problems of the prior art. The device comprises a gas collecting cover, a light shielding cloth cover, a gas valve, a sampling needle cylinder, a thermometer, a constant speed fan, a gas pressure balance pipe, a soft plug, a speed regulating air pump, an iron clamp, an ammonia absorption bottle and a safety bottle. The soft plug and a gas collecting opening are arranged on the top of the gas collecting cover. The gas collecting opening is sealed by the soft plug. The gas collecting opening is connected with the absorption bottle and the speed regulating air pump through air pipes. The constant speed fan is arranged on the top of the gas collecting cover. The thermometer and a connecting opening are arranged on the gas collecting cover. The connecting opening is sealed by the soft plug. The connecting opening is connected with the safety bottle and external air through air pipes. The device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, lightness, convenience and high integration degree. The device can be used for collecting greenhouse gas and ammonia. The precision of collecting greenhouse gas and ammonia is ensured, and the efficiency of collecting gas is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of environment, in particular to a device and method for collecting greenhouse gas and ammonia. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the progress of society and the rapid development of science and technology, air pollution problems have attracted widespread attention at home and abroad. Among various types of pollution gases, greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) and ammonia (NH3) are more typical. The emission of greenhouse gases can cause the greenhouse effect, which leads to the rise of global temperature; and the excessive volatilization of ammonia not only intensifies the formation of haze, but also indirectly intensifies the greenhouse effect. Therefore, monitoring and controlling the emission of greenhouse gases and ammonia volatilization from the source are major environmental problems that should be solved by human beings at present. At present, the existing gas collection devices for greenhouse gases or ammonia in indoor, farmland, wetland and other places are increasingly mature. However, so far, there is no general and convenient gas collection device that can realize the collection of greenhouse gases and ammonia. The traditional single gas collector is not convenient to move and transport, and will generate vibration or friction when moving, which is easy to cause damage to the gas collector, not only shortens the service life, but also has poor portability, especially when collecting samples in the wild, which increases the gas collection time and difficulty of field investigators. In addition, the appearance shape of the present application is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and the shape, size and material of the gas collection cover can be improved and modified due to different research purposes. The present application is only taken as an example of a cylindrical shape. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to solve the problems of the prior art, and provides a device and method for collecting greenhouse gases and ammonia, which achieves the purpose of efficiently collecting greenhouse gases and ammonia on the basis of low cost and convenient operation.

[0004] The technical solution of the device for collecting greenhouse gases and ammonia according to the present invention is as follows: it consists of a collection hood, a light-blocking cloth cover, a suction valve, a sampling syringe, a thermometer, a uniform-speed fan, a pressure balance tube, a variable-speed air pump, an ammonia absorption bottle, a safety bottle, a first soft stopper, a first venting pipe, a second venting pipe, a second soft stopper, a third venting pipe, a fourth venting pipe, a first rubber stopper, and a second rubber stopper. The suction valve is located at the upper part of the collection hood, the needle of the sampling syringe is connected to the suction valve, the thermometer is located on the top right side of the collection hood, the uniform-speed fan is located on the top left side of the collection hood, the variable-speed air pump is located behind the uniform-speed fan, and the output end of the variable-speed air pump is connected to one end of the second venting pipe, the other end of the second venting pipe is connected to the ammonia absorption bottle. The first rubber stopper at the bottle mouth connects to the upper part of the ammonia absorption bottle. The safety bottle is located on the lower outer side of the collection hood, with a second rubber stopper at its mouth. One end of the third and fourth vent pipes connects to the upper and lower parts of the safety bottle via the second rubber stopper. The other end of the third vent pipe connects to the inner cavity of the collection hood via a second soft stopper on the wall of the collection hood. The other end of the fourth vent pipe connects to the outside air. One end of the pressure balance pipe connects to the air cavity of the collection hood via a first soft stopper on the top of the collection hood. The upper end of the first vent pipe enters the lower part of the ammonia absorption bottle via the first rubber stopper at the bottle mouth, and the lower end of the first vent pipe connects to the upper part of the air cavity of the collection hood via the first soft stopper on the top of the collection hood.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for collecting greenhouse gases and ammonia as follows:

[0006] The method for collecting greenhouse gases is as follows:

[0007] First, place the above-mentioned device in the groove at the top of the MFC-CW system, add water to the groove 13 so that the bottom of the gas sampling hood 1 is submerged in the water by 2-3 cm, and at the same time insert the end of the pressure balance pipe 7 outside the device into the groove 13 below the horizontal plane.

[0008] 2. Cover the sampling cover 1 with a light-blocking cloth cover 2, turn on the fan, and close the air extraction valve 3 to ensure the device is sealed before sampling.

[0009] 3. Connect the sampling syringe 4 to the suction valve through the tubing to ensure that the gas does not leak. Open the suction valve 3 and use the sampling syringe 4 to repeatedly pump and inject gas 4 to 6 times to ensure that the gas at the suction point is mixed evenly. Collect the required volume of gas, about 50 to 100 mL. Close the suction valve 3 and remove the sampling syringe 4 to complete the greenhouse gas collection process.

[0010] The method for collecting ammonia gas is as follows:

[0011] 1. When collecting ammonia, first, remove the light-shielding cloth cover 2 of the device, seal the pressure balance pipe 7 with iron clamps, and close the exhaust valve 3, the uniform speed fan and the thermometer 5.

[0012] II. After connecting the speed regulating air pump 8, ammonia absorption bottle 9, safety bottle 10 and air pipe of the device in sequence, 20-30 mL of prepared 0.01 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution is added into the ammonia absorption bottle and safety bottle;

[0013] III. After checking that each part of the assembly is airtight, the speed regulating air pump 8 is opened to collect ammonia gas;

[0014] IV. The external air enters the ammonia gas collection cover 1 after being filtered by the safety bottle 10, and the volatile ammonia gas is ensured to diffuse freely in the ammonia gas collection device and is transported to the ammonia absorption bottle 9 through the air pipe, and reacts with the acid solution in the ammonia absorption bottle 9 to form stable ammonium salt (ammonium sulfate or ammonium bisulfate) which is absorbed and stored;

[0015] V. The rubber plug 14-1 at the top of the ammonia absorption bottle 9 in the fourth step is removed, and the sealing film is used to seal the opening, and the ammonia gas collection process is completed.

[0016] The device and method for collecting greenhouse gas and ammonia gas have the following advantages: 1. The device is used to collect greenhouse gas and ammonia gas, which can reduce the consumption of manpower and time; 2. The device is light, simple, low in cost, and can improve the sampling efficiency while ensuring the sampling accuracy; 3. The device is easy to replace, and the use and adjustment mode is simple, and the device has high integration degree; 4. The device has good sealing performance, and the collected data is timely and accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the device of the present application, Figure 2 is Figure 1 the schematic diagram of the light shielding cloth cover, Figure 3 is Figure 1 the structure diagram of the components used in the gas collection, Figure 4 is Figure 1 the structure diagram of the components used in the ammonia gas collection, Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the first soft plug connecting the air pressure balance pipe, Figure 6 is the connection detail drawing of the absorption bottle. 13 is the MFC-CW system groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Example 1: A device for collecting greenhouse gas in the MFC-CW system, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4It consists of a collection hood 1, a light-shielding cloth cover 2, a suction valve 3, a sampling syringe 4, a thermometer 5, a constant-speed fan 6, a pressure balance tube 7, a variable-speed air pump 8, an ammonia absorption bottle 9, a safety bottle 10, a first soft stopper 11-1, a first vent tube 12-1, a second vent tube 12-2, a second soft stopper 11-2, a third vent tube 12-3, a fourth vent tube 12-4, a first rubber stopper 14-1, and a second rubber stopper 14-2. The suction valve 3 is located at the top of the collection hood 1, and the needle of the sampling syringe 4 is connected to the suction valve 3. The thermometer 5 is located on the top right side of the collection hood 1, the constant-speed fan 6 is located on the top left side of the collection hood 1, and the variable-speed air pump 8 is located behind the constant-speed fan 6. The output end is connected to one end of the second vent pipe 12-2. The other end of the second vent pipe 12-2 passes through the first rubber stopper 14-1 set at the mouth of the ammonia absorption bottle 9 and enters the upper part of the ammonia absorption bottle 9. The safety bottle 10 is located on the lower outer side of the collection hood 1. The mouth of the safety bottle 10 is provided with a second rubber stopper 14-2. One end of the third vent pipe 12-3 and the fourth vent pipe 12-4 are connected to the upper and lower parts of the safety bottle 10 through the second rubber stopper 14-2. The other end of the third vent pipe 12-3 is connected to the inner cavity of the collection hood 1 through the second soft stopper 11-2 set on the wall of the collection hood 1. The other end of the fourth vent pipe 12-4 is connected to the outside air. One end of the pressure balance pipe 7 passes through the second soft stopper 11-2 set on the wall of the collection hood 1. The first soft plug 11-1 at the top is connected to the air chamber of the collection hood 1. The lower end of the air pressure balance tube 7 is placed in the groove 13. The upper end of the first vent tube 12-1 enters the lower part of the ammonia absorption bottle 9 through the first rubber plug 14-1 set at the bottle mouth of the ammonia absorption bottle 9. The lower end of the first vent tube 12-1 is connected to the upper part of the air chamber of the collection hood 1 through the first soft plug 11-1 set at the top of the collection hood 1. The bottom of the collection hood 1 is placed in the groove 13.

[0019] Example 2: As Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the needle of the sampling syringe 4 is connected to the suction valve 3 via a flexible tube, and the specification of the sampling syringe 4 is 100mL.

[0020] Example 3: As Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the absorption bottle 9 and the safety bottle 10 contain a dilute sulfuric acid solution that can absorb ammonia.

[0021] Example 4: Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the temperature sensing probe of the thermometer 5 is set on the side wall of the gas sampling hood 1 to monitor the temperature and humidity inside the gas sampling hood. The connection port is sealed with the second soft plug 11-2, and is connected to the safety bottle and the outside air through the third vent pipe 12-3 and the fourth vent pipe 12-4 respectively.

[0022] Example 5: Figure 1 , Figure 3 ,Figure 4 As shown, the gas collection cover 1 is cylindrical in shape and made of PMMA, which is transparent and durable, allowing direct observation of the growth of the plants inside from the outside, and minimizing the impact of gas collection on the photosynthesis of the crops in a short period of time.

[0023] Example 6: As shown in Figure 2 The collection cover 1 needs to use a light-blocking cloth cover 2 to avoid light when collecting greenhouse gases. This overcomes the problem of variable errors and ensures the accuracy of the collected data.

[0024] Example 7: As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 The inside top of the gas collection cover 1 is provided with a constant-speed fan (12V) for accelerating the flow of gas, which facilitates rapid and uniform stirring of the gas inside the gas collection cover 1, avoiding the inconsistency of gas density at the gas collection port position and other positions inside the gas collection cover, and ensuring the representativeness of the sample. It should be noted that the fan is a micro electric fan, which can be connected to a power source or a battery.

[0025] Example 8: As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The inner diameter of the gas collection cover 1 is 29 cm and the height is 45 cm.

[0026] Example 9: As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 The air valve 3 is used to control the time of greenhouse gas collection and ensure the accuracy of the collection; the air valve 3 is closed in time after completing the gas collection to avoid the entry of external air into the sampling needle cylinder 4, affecting the accuracy of the sample.

[0027] Example 10: As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 The air pressure equalization pipe 7 has a diameter of 1.5 mm and a length of about 1 m. The water seal measure balances the air pressure difference inside and outside the gas collection cover 1, ensuring the airtightness of the device.

[0028] Example 11: As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The connections between the components in the gas collection cover 1 device are fixed by hot melt adhesive.

[0029] Example 12: As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, two small holes are opened on the first rubber plug 14-1 and the second rubber plug 14-2, and the first air pipe 12-1 and the second air pipe 12-2 are embedded in the first rubber plug 14-1; in order to ensure that all the ammonia gas in the device is collected and the lateral flow or leakage of the ammonia gas is reduced, one end of the first air pipe 12-1 in the bottle is inserted below the liquid level, and one end of the second air pipe 12-2 in the bottle is located above the liquid level; in order to absorb the ammonia gas entering the device and reduce the influence of the external air on the accuracy of the ammonia gas sample, one end of the third air pipe 12-3 in the safety bottle 10 is below the liquid level, and one end of the fourth air pipe 12-4 in the safety bottle 10 is above the liquid level.

[0030] Embodiment 13: as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 4 , the ammonia absorption bottle 9 is a 600 mL polyethylene sampling bottle containing 500 mL of 0.01 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid.

[0031] Embodiment 14: as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 4 , the safety bottle 10 is a 100 mL polyethylene sampling bottle containing 20-30 mL of 0.01 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid. The chemical reaction of ammonia gas and dilute sulfuric acid and the gas diffusion theory are used to complete the gas replacement process, so that the collected ammonia gas can be collected and stored in the ammonia absorption bottle 9 in the form of ammonium salt (ammonium sulfate or ammonium bisulfate).

[0032] Embodiment 15: as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the contact part of the air pipe and the rubber plug in the device is connected by a glass tube, and the remaining part is connected by a rubber tube. It is communicated with the ammonia absorption bottle 9, the safety bottle 10, the collection cover and the external gas to form a gas flow state.

[0033] Embodiment 16: as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a method for collecting greenhouse gas and ammonia gas according to the present application is as follows:

[0034] The method for collecting greenhouse gas is as follows:

[0035] I. First, the above device is placed in the groove at the top of the MFC-CW system, water is added in the groove 13, the bottom of the gas collection cover 1 is placed in the water 2-3 cm, and the gas pressure balance pipe 7 is inserted into the groove 13 below the horizontal surface; the water is sealed, so that the gas collection cover 1 and the MFC-CW system have good sealing effect, avoid gas leakage or mixing, and ensure the accuracy of experimental data;

[0036] II. Cover the sampling cover 1 with the light shield cloth cover 2, open the fan, close the air valve 3, and ensure the sealing of the device before sampling;

[0037] III. Connect the sampling needle cylinder 4 to the air valve 3 through the hose, ensure that the gas does not leak, open the air valve 3, and repeatedly pump and inject 4-6 times with the sampling needle cylinder 4 to ensure that the gas mixture is uniform, collect the required volume of gas about 50-100 mL, close the air valve 3, remove the sampling needle cylinder 4, and complete the greenhouse gas collection process;

[0038] The ammonia gas collection method is:

[0039] I. When collecting ammonia gas, first remove the light shield cloth cover 2 of the device, seal the air pressure equalization pipe 7 with an iron clip, close the air valve 3, the uniform speed fan 6 and the thermometer 5;

[0040] II. After connecting the speed regulating air pump 8, ammonia absorption bottle 9, safety bottle 10 and each air pipe in sequence, add 20-30 mL of prepared 0.01 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution to the ammonia absorption bottle 9 and safety bottle 10;

[0041] III. After checking that each part of the assembly is airtight, open the speed regulating air pump 8 to collect ammonia gas;

[0042] IV. The external air enters the ammonia gas collection cover 1 after being filtered by the safety bottle 10, and the gas diffusion principle is used to ensure the volatility of the ammonia gas in the ammonia gas collection device, which is transported to the ammonia absorption bottle 9 through the air pipe and reacts with the acid solution in the ammonia absorption bottle 9 to form stable ammonium salt (ammonium sulfate or ammonium bisulfate) which is absorbed and stored;

[0043] V. Remove the rubber plug 14-1 at the top of the ammonia absorption bottle 9 in step IV, seal the ammonia absorption bottle 9 with a sealing film, and complete the ammonia gas collection process.

[0044] Example 17: as Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the 25 mL of prepared 0.01 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution is added to the ammonia absorption bottle 9 and safety bottle 10.

[0045] The above examples are only exemplary and do not limit the present application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, under the inspiration of the technical solutions provided by the present application, other equivalent changes, modifications, replacements and variations made by them should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for collecting greenhouse gases and ammonia, comprising a collection cover, a light-shielding cloth cover, a suction valve, a sampling needle cylinder, a thermometer, a constant-speed fan, a gas pressure balance tube, a speed-regulating air pump, an ammonia absorption bottle, a safety bottle, a first soft plug, a first air pipe, a second air pipe, a second soft plug, a third air pipe, a fourth air pipe, a first rubber plug, and a second rubber plug, characterized in that: The air extraction valve is arranged at the upper part of the collecting cover, the needle head of the sampling needle cylinder is connected with the air extraction valve, the thermometer is arranged at the right side of the top of the collecting cover, the uniform speed fan is arranged at the left side of the top of the collecting cover, the speed regulating air pump is arranged at the rear side of the uniform speed fan, the output end of the speed regulating air pump is connected with one end of the second air pipe, the other end of the second air pipe is connected with the upper part of the ammonia absorption bottle through the first rubber plug arranged at the bottle opening of the ammonia absorption bottle, the safety bottle is arranged at the lower part of the outside of the collecting cover, the second rubber plug is arranged at the bottle opening of the safety bottle, one end of the third air pipe and the fourth air pipe is connected with the upper part and the lower part of the safety bottle through the second rubber plug, the other end of the third air pipe is connected with the inner cavity of the collecting cover through the second soft plug arranged on the wall of the collecting cover, the other end of the fourth air pipe is connected with the outside air, one end of the air pressure balance pipe is connected with the air cavity of the collecting cover through the first soft plug arranged at the top of the collecting cover, the upper end of the first air pipe is connected with the lower part of the ammonia absorption bottle through the first rubber plug arranged at the bottle opening of the ammonia absorption bottle, the lower end of the first air pipe is connected with the upper part of the air cavity of the collecting cover through the first soft plug arranged at the top of the collecting cover. The needle head of the sampling needle cylinder is connected with the air extraction valve through a hose. The ammonia absorption bottle and the safety bottle are added with dilute sulfuric acid solution capable of absorbing ammonia.

2. A device for collecting greenhouse gases and ammonia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The part of the air pipe in contact with the rubber plug is connected with a glass pipe, and the remaining part is connected with a rubber pipe.

3. The device for collecting greenhouse gases and ammonia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uniform speed fan and the thermometer are fixed by hot melt glue.

4. The device for collecting greenhouse gases and ammonia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting cover needs to use a light shielding cloth cover to avoid light when collecting greenhouse gas.

5. The device for collecting greenhouse gases and ammonia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting cover is a cylinder, and the material is PMMA.

6. The device for collecting greenhouse gases and ammonia according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two small holes are formed in the first rubber plug and the second rubber plug.

7. A method for collecting greenhouse gas and ammonia by using the device of any one of claims 1-6 is as follows: characterized in that: The collecting method of the greenhouse gas is as follows: I. Firstly, the device is placed in the groove at the top of the MFC-CW system, water is added in the groove, the bottom of the gas collecting cover is placed in the water at a depth of 2-3 cm, and the end of the air pressure balance pipe outside the device is inserted into the horizontal surface below the groove; II. The collecting cover (1) is shielded with a light shielding cloth cover, the fan is turned on, and the air extraction valve is closed to ensure the sealing of the device before sampling; III. The sampling needle cylinder (4) is connected with the air extraction valve through a hose to ensure that the gas does not leak, the air extraction valve is opened, the sampling needle cylinder is repeatedly used to extract and inject gas 4-6 times to ensure that the gas is mixed uniformly, the volume of the collected gas is 50-100 mL, the air extraction valve is closed, the sampling needle cylinder is removed, and the greenhouse gas collection process is completed; The collecting method of the ammonia is as follows: I. When collecting ammonia, the light shielding cloth cover of the device is removed, the air pressure balance pipe is sealed with an iron clamp, the air extraction valve, the uniform speed fan and the thermometer are closed; II. After the device is connected in sequence, 20-30 mL of 0.01 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution prepared is added to the ammonia absorption bottle and the safety bottle; III. After checking that the air tightness of each part is good, the speed regulating air pump is turned on to collect ammonia. Four, the outside air through the security bottle filter ammonia gas into the ammonia gas collection cover, using the principle of gas diffusion to ensure the volatility, ammonia gas in the ammonia collection device free diffusion movement, through the air pipe to the ammonia absorption bottle, and the acid solution in the ammonia absorption bottle reaction to form a stable ammonium salt is absorbed and preserved; Five, the four have collected the rubber plug on the top of the ammonia absorption bottle, using sealing film sealing, complete the process of ammonia collection.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: The 25 mL prepared 0.01 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution is poured into the ammonia absorption bottle and the safety bottle.

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