Contactless supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit

Abstract

The contactless supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit of the present invention proposes a new control circuit in order to establish an effective lithium battery and supercapacitor isolation charging and discharging and braking energy recovery management mode through the improvement of the dual power supply control circuit, thereby achieving the design purpose of improving the application prospects of dual power supply and increasing the safety performance of dual power supply charging and power supply. The contactless supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit mainly includes a zero power automatic activation charging module, a fast charging start-stop module, a reverse charging protection module, a first power detection module, a second power detection module, a lithium battery activation charging module, a lithium battery constant current and then constant voltage charging module, a lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module and a lithium battery power supply activation module; the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module includes a group of parallel second diodes and third diodes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a contactless supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply circuit applied to a logistics storage RGV, belonging to the field of electrical design. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of e-commerce logistics and production automation technology, the scale of automated logistics systems and automated warehousing systems is getting larger and larger. Non-contact power supply supercapacitor intelligent RGV has become one of the indispensable equipment for automated logistics systems and automated warehousing systems. At present, the RGV power supply generally adopts a non-contact dual power supply method using supercapacitors and lithium batteries. That is, when the supercapacitor power is insufficient to drive the main controller to realize the supercapacitor fast charging task, the lithium battery power can be used to realize the fast charging control of the RGV main controller.

[0003] For example, the domestic patent application with the following content disclosed previously, application number CN202111490603.0, is named as a hybrid electric vehicle composite energy storage system energy management system and method, the management system includes an acquisition module for acquiring traffic situation data; a prediction module for predicting the vehicle speed using a neural network according to the traffic situation data to obtain predicted vehicle speed information; a vehicle demand power module for determining the vehicle demand power according to the predicted vehicle speed information; a distribution module for distributing the power battery power, supercapacitor power and fuel cell power according to the vehicle demand power using the DDRG reinforcement learning algorithm to obtain a power distribution result; and a control module for controlling the hybrid electric vehicle composite energy storage system according to the power distribution result. It is clear that the energy distribution is optimized by coordinating the energy distribution between the fuel cell, the power battery and the supercapacitor.

[0004] As mentioned above, the prior art still has many deficiencies in the design of dual power supply circuits. In terms of dual power supply charging circuits, such as supercapacitor fast charging start and stop, reverse charging protection, supercapacitor power supply switching lithium battery power supply control, and braking energy recovery control, there are technical issues that need to be solved. For example, based on the premise of the dual power supply of supercapacitor and lithium battery, an effective lithium battery and supercapacitor isolation charging and discharging control mode should be implemented to avoid charging the lithium battery during the supercapacitor discharge process. Similarly, charging the supercapacitor should also be avoided during the lithium battery discharge process. In the circuit design adopted by the prior art, the supercapacitor and the lithium battery are directly connected in parallel for output, which is more likely to cause the supercapacitor to directly charge the lithium battery, and the lithium battery directly charges the supercapacitor when it is powered, thereby significantly reducing the service life of the lithium battery. In addition, a large amount of braking energy will be generated in the process of RGV from high-speed operation to deceleration and parking. The prior art lacks corresponding braking energy recovery and lithium battery isolation means. When the braking energy is fed back to the supercapacitor and the lithium battery at the same time, there is a lack of isolation protection for the lithium battery, which is more likely to cause impact damage to the lithium battery. If this part of the braking kinetic energy is consumed in the form of heat through the braking resistor, it will not only occupy the overall effective installation space of the RGV, but also cause energy waste.

[0005] In view of this, this patent application is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The contactless supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit described in the present invention aims to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and proposes a new dual power supply charging and power supply control circuit, in order to establish an effective lithium battery and supercapacitor isolation charging and discharging, and braking energy recovery management mode through the improvement of the dual power supply control circuit, thereby achieving the design purpose of improving the application prospects of dual power supply and increasing the safety performance of dual power supply charging and power supply.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned design objectives, the contactless supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit described in the present application includes a zero-power automatic activation charging module, a fast charging start-stop module, a reverse charging protection module, a first power detection module, a second power detection module, a lithium battery enabling charging module, a lithium battery constant current then constant voltage charging module, a lithium battery and supercapacitor charging and discharging isolation module and a lithium battery power supply enabling module; the lithium battery and supercapacitor charging and discharging isolation module includes a group of parallel second diodes and third diodes; the pins of the third diode are respectively connected in parallel with the pins of the first diode of the reverse charging protection module, the positive electrode of the supercapacitor, the pins of the first power detection module, and the normally open main contact pins of the second contactor of the lithium battery enabling charging module; the pins of the third diode and the pins of the second diode are connected in parallel with the terminals of the power supply terminals of the controller, and the pins of the second diode are respectively connected in parallel with the pins of the lithium battery constant current then constant voltage charging module and the lithium battery power supply enabling module.

[0008] Furthermore, the zero-power automatic activation charging module includes a first relay coil and a normally open / normally closed contact of the first relay; the normally open / normally closed common contact pin of the first relay is connected to the positive pole of the brush plate, and its normally closed contact pin is connected to the pin of the first coil of the first contactor, and the pin of the second coil of the first contactor is connected to the negative pole of the brush plate to form a complete voltage introduction circuit; the first and second pins of the first relay coil are respectively connected to the third terminal of the controller.

[0009] Furthermore, the fast charging start-stop module includes a coil, a normally open main contact and a normally open auxiliary contact of a first contactor; one side pin of the normally open main contact of the first contactor is connected to the positive pole of the brush plate and introduces power, and the other side pin is connected to one side pin of the first diode of the reverse charging protection module, the coil pin of the first contactor is connected to the normally closed contact pin of the first relay of the zero-power automatic activation charging module, and the coil pin of the first contactor is connected to the negative pole of the brush plate to form a fast charging circuit; the pin of the normally open auxiliary contact of the first contactor is connected to the third terminal of the controller. The reverse charging protection module includes a first diode, and the pins of the first diode are respectively connected in parallel with the positive pole of the supercapacitor, the pins of the first power detection module, the normally open main contact pin of the second contactor of the lithium battery activation charging module, and the pins of the third diode of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module.

[0010] Furthermore, the lithium battery activation charging module includes a second contactor, and the normally open main contact pins of the second contactor are respectively connected in parallel with the pins of the first diode of the reverse charging protection module, the positive electrode of the supercapacitor, the pins of the first power detection module, and the pins of the third diode of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module; the normally open main contact pins of the second contactor are connected to the pins of the lithium battery constant current and then constant voltage charging module, and the pins of the coil of the second contactor are connected to the third terminal of the connector.

[0011] Furthermore, the pins of the lithium battery constant current then constant voltage charging module are respectively connected in parallel with the negative electrode of the brush board, the pins of the lithium battery, the pins of the second power detection module, and the pins of the second diode 2 of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module.

[0012] Furthermore, the contactless supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit also includes a braking energy recovery control and lithium battery power supply activation module, the normally open main contact pins of the third contactor are respectively connected to the pins of the third diode of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, the normally closed main contact pins of the third contactor are respectively connected in parallel with the pins of the lithium battery constant current then constant voltage charging module and the pins of the second diode of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, the normally closed main contact pins of the third contactor are connected to the pins of the lithium battery, and the pins of the coil of the third contactor are connected to the third terminal of the connector.

[0013] In summary, the contactless supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit described in this application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. A design scheme for effective isolation and charge-discharge protection of lithium batteries and supercapacitor modules is proposed, and corresponding solutions are proposed for the above-mentioned existing technical problems. At the same time, it has an overall modular framework foundation, which can be expanded and enhanced in subsequent improvements. The overall design scheme has a high application and upgrade prospect.

[0015] 2. A more comprehensive safety mechanism is proposed for the charging and discharging operations of super-capacity and lithium batteries, which has a more outstanding effect in terms of safety performance.

[0016] 3. It can combine the ultracapacitor and the charging and discharging of lithium batteries to achieve higher intelligent control, which is particularly suitable for large-scale automated logistics systems and automated warehousing systems.

[0017] 4. Effective recovery control is formed for RGV braking energy, avoiding energy waste while ensuring effective isolation and protection of lithium batteries, and converting kinetic energy into energy storage in supercapacitors for repeated use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the following drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure and flow of the dual power supply control method described in this application;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contactless supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit described in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings provided in the embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention. The drawings show components related to the present invention rather than the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. The type, quantity and proportion of each component in actual implementation may be changed at will, and the layout of the components may also be more complicated.

[0022] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the contactless supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit proposed in the present application is based on the connected brush plate, RGV body brush block, controller and load drive module, including a zero-power automatic activation charging module, a fast charging start-stop module, a reverse charging protection module, a first power detection module, a second power detection module, a lithium battery enabling charging module, a lithium battery constant current then constant voltage charging module, a lithium battery and supercapacitor charging and discharging isolation module, a braking energy recovery control module, and a lithium battery power supply enabling module.

[0023] Among them, the zero-power automatic activation charging module includes a first relay KA1 connected in series with a fast-charge start-stop module, and the fast-charge start-stop module includes a first contactor KM1. The first contactor KM1 cooperates with the first relay KA1 to realize the automatic activation charging function under zero-power conditions. Specifically, the normally open / normally closed common contact pin 11 of the first relay KA1 is connected to the positive pole of the brush plate and introduces DC48V, the normally closed contact pin 12 of the first relay KA1 is connected to the pin of the first coil A1 of the first contactor KM1, and the pin of the second coil A2 of the first contactor KM1 is connected to the negative pole of the brush plate and connected to DC0V to form a complete introduction voltage loop. In addition, the pins of the first coil A1 and the second coil A2 of the first relay KA1 are respectively connected to the 3rd and 6th terminals of the third terminal X3 of the controller, so that the first relay KA1 is controlled by the controller.

[0024] The fast charging start-stop module, its first contactor KM1 is also connected to the reverse charging protection module and cooperates to realize the start-stop control function of supercapacitor fast charging. Specifically, the normally open main contact pin 1 of the first contactor KM1 is connected to the positive pole of the brush plate and introduces DC48V, the normally open main contact pin 2 of the first contactor KM1 is connected to the pin x1 of the first diode VD1 of the reverse charging protection module, the coil pin A1 of the first contactor KM1 is connected to the normally closed contact pin 12 of the first relay KA1 of the zero-power automatic activation charging module, and the coil pin A2 of the first contactor KM1 is connected to the negative pole of the brush plate and connected to DC0V to form a complete fast charging circuit. In addition, the pins 3 and 4 of the normally open auxiliary contact of the first contactor KM1 are respectively connected to the 1st and 2nd terminals of the third terminal X3 of the controller to directly feed back the working condition of the first contactor KM1 to the controller, and then monitor the working status of the fast charging start-stop module in real time to ensure the safety and stability of the overall circuit. The fast charging start-stop module can complete the fast charging task of the supercapacitor in a short time according to the timeliness requirements of RGV charging. That is, when the RGV is not tasked or the controller detects that the supercapacitor is low in power, the controller controls the RGV to automatically drive to the charging position for fast charging. Because the fast charging current of the supercapacitor is large (such as 200A), the RGV charging brush block must be in full contact with the shelf brush plate before the controller can control the fast charging start-stop module to achieve fast charging. In order to avoid arcing and ignition or even burning of the equipment due to insufficient contact between the brush block and the brush plate during fast charging, and to avoid arcing and ignition or even burning of the equipment when the RGV body brush block is separated from the shelf brush plate during fast charging, the fast charging start-stop module realizes the connection and safe disconnection of the fast charging circuit under the control of the controller.

[0025] The reverse charging protection module includes a first diode VD1, the pin x1 of the first diode VD1 is connected to the normally open main contact pin 2 of the first contactor KM1 of the fast charging start-stop module, and the pin x2 of the first diode VD1 is respectively connected in parallel with the positive pole x1 of the supercapacitor C1, the pin x1 of the first power detection module P1, the normally open main contact pin 1 of the second contactor KM2 of the lithium battery charging module, the pin x1 of the third diode VD3 of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charging and discharging isolation module, and the normally open main contact pin 2 of the third contactor KM3 of the braking energy recovery control module, so as to realize the reverse charging and reverse connection protection of the whole circuit during the charging process based on the unidirectional conductivity of the first diode VD1. The reverse charging protection module can avoid the reverse connection of the positive and negative output lines of the supercapacitor charging circuit and realize the reverse charging protection when the mutual charging occurs.

[0026] The lithium battery activation charging module includes a second contactor KM2, and the normally open main contact pin 1 of the second contactor KM2 is respectively connected in parallel with the pin x2 of the first diode VD1 of the reverse charging protection module, the positive electrode x1 of the supercapacitor C1, the pin x1 of the first power detection module P1, the pin x1 of the third diode VD3 of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, and the normally open main contact pin 2 of the third contactor KM3 of the braking energy recovery control module; in addition, the normally open main contact pin 2 of the second contactor KM2 is connected to the pin 1 of the lithium battery constant current and then constant voltage charging module T1, and the pins A1 and A2 of the coil of the second contactor KM2 are respectively connected to the 4th and 6th terminals of the third terminal X3 of the controller, so that the controller of the RGV body can realize the opening and status control of the lithium battery activation charging module. The lithium battery charging module can be used when the RGV completes the current pick-up and delivery task and has no other tasks and is in an idle state. When it detects that the lithium battery power is lower than the corresponding charging threshold, the controller will control the RGV to return to the charging position and start the fast charging circuit to charge the lithium battery. In the power supply circuit, the supercapacitor is used as the main power supply and the lithium battery is used as the backup power supply. Therefore, when charging the lithium battery, the supercapacitor must be charged first. Conversely, when charging the supercapacitor, the lithium battery can be selectively charged according to the current task of the RGV to avoid shunt charging of the lithium battery when the supercapacitor is charged, thereby affecting the charging efficiency of the supercapacitor. At the same time, due to the charging and discharging characteristics of the supercapacitor and the lithium battery themselves, it is necessary to avoid mutual charging between the lithium battery and the supercapacitor during the charging process to increase the service life of the lithium battery.

[0027] The lithium battery constant current first and then constant voltage charging module, its pin 1 is connected to the normally open main contact pin 2 of the second contactor KM2 of the lithium battery activation charging module, the pin 2 and pin 4 of T1 are respectively connected to the negative pole of the brush plate and connected to DC0V to form a lithium battery charging circuit, and at the same time, the pin 2 and pin 4 of T1 are connected in parallel with the pin x2 of the lithium battery G1 and the pin x2 of the second power detection module P2, and the pin 3 of T1 is connected in parallel with the normally closed main contact pin 3 of the third contactor KM3 of the braking energy recovery control module and the pin x1 of the second diode VD2 of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, so that the lithium battery G1 can realize the charging process control of constant current first and then constant voltage through the lithium battery constant current first and then constant voltage charging module. The lithium battery constant current first and then constant voltage charging circuit adopts the strategy of constant current first and then constant voltage during the lithium battery charging process, that is, the voltage gradually rises and the current continuously decreases and infinitely approaches zero when the lithium battery is charged.

[0028] The lithium battery and supercapacitor charging and discharging isolation module includes a group of parallel second diodes VD2 and third diodes VD3, so as to cooperate with the lithium battery activation charging module, the lithium battery constant current and then constant voltage charging module, the braking energy recovery control module, and the power supply terminal of the controller to realize the mutual isolation control of the lithium battery and the supercapacitor in their respective charging and discharging processes. Specifically, the pin x1 of the third diode VD3 is respectively connected in parallel with the pin x2 of the first diode VD1 of the reverse charging protection module, the positive electrode x1 of the supercapacitor C1, the pin x1 of the first power detection module P1, and the normally open main contact pin 1 of the second contactor KM2 of the lithium battery activation charging module, and the pin x2 of the third diode VD3 and the pin x2 of the second diode VD2 are connected and connected in parallel with the terminal 1 of the power supply terminal X2 of the controller and the pin 1 of the normally open main contact of the third contactor KM3 of the braking energy recovery control module, so that the lithium battery and the supercapacitor can realize the control function of mutual isolation through the unidirectional conductivity of the second diode VD2 and the third diode VD3 in their respective charging and discharging processes. The lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module can realize the dual power supply mode of supercapacitor and lithium battery. In normal operation, the supercapacitor is used for power supply. When the controller detects that the power of the supercapacitor is lower than the set threshold through the first power detection module P1, the controller controls the lithium battery power supply activation module to switch the supercapacitor power supply circuit to lithium battery power supply. Based on the charge and discharge characteristics of the supercapacitor and the lithium battery, the supercapacitor no longer charges the lithium battery during the discharge process. Similarly, the lithium battery no longer charges the supercapacitor during the discharge process. When the controller detects that the power of the supercapacitor is lower than the set threshold through the first power detection module P1, the controller controls the lithium battery power supply activation module to switch the supercapacitor power supply circuit directly to the lithium battery power supply state.

[0029] The braking energy recovery control and lithium battery power supply activation module includes a third contactor KM3, the normally open main contact pins 1 and 2 of the third contactor KM3 are respectively connected to the pins x2 and x1 of the third diode VD3 of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, the normally closed main contact pin 3 of the third contactor KM3 is respectively connected in parallel with the pin 3 of the lithium battery constant current then constant voltage charging module T1 and the pin x1 of the second diode VD2 of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, the normally closed main contact pin 4 of the third contactor KM3 is connected to the pin x1 of the lithium battery G1, and the pins A1 and A2 of the coil of the third contactor KM3 are respectively connected to the 5th and 6th terminals of the third terminal X3 of the connector, so that the controller can complete the braking energy recovery of the supercapacitor and the control of the lithium battery power supply activation state.

[0030] Based on the braking energy recovery control and lithium battery power supply activation module, the braking energy generated when the RGV is running from high speed to deceleration and parking is directly fed back to the supercapacitor, and the lithium battery is isolated to prevent the braking energy from impacting the lithium battery.

[0031] Based on the design of the above-mentioned non-contact supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit, the present application also implements the following non-contact supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control method:

[0032] During the normal operation of RGV, the supercapacitor is used as the main power supply and the lithium battery is used as the backup power supply. When the lithium battery is charging, the supercapacitor is charged first; conversely, when the supercapacitor is charging, the lithium battery is charged selectively according to the current task of RGV to avoid the lithium battery being charged by bypass when the supercapacitor is charging, which affects the charging efficiency of the supercapacitor.

[0033] During the charging process, the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module is used to prevent the lithium battery and supercapacitor from charging each other, to prevent the supercapacitor from directly charging the lithium battery, and to prevent the lithium battery from charging the supercapacitor during power output, thereby shortening the life of the lithium battery.

[0034] Specifically, the normal charging process of a supercapacitor is as follows:

[0035] When the controller detects that the power of the supercapacitor drops to the set threshold through the first power detection module P1, it controls the load drive of the RGV to automatically move to the charging position, the brush block of the RGV body is in full contact with the brush plate, and the controller controls the zero power to automatically activate the coil pins A1 and A2 of the first relay KA1 of the charging module. Then the normally open / normally closed contact pin 11 and the normally closed contact pin 12 of the first relay KA1 are reset and connected. At this time, DC48V is introduced through the positive pole of the X1.1 brush block, and the coil pins A1 and A2 of the first contactor KM1 of the fast charging start-stop module are energized, and the normally open main contact of the first contactor KM1 is Pins 1 and 2 are energized, and the supercapacitor is connected through the first diode VD1 of the reverse charging protection module, thereby connecting the DC48V charging circuit of the brush board to quickly charge the supercapacitor; at this time, based on the second diode VD2 of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, the controller controls the coil pins A1 and A2 of the second contactor KM2 of the lithium battery enabling charging module to lose power, then the normally open main contact pins 1 and 2 of the second contactor KM2 will not be energized, so as to ensure that the supercapacitor will not directly charge the lithium battery, nor will it charge the lithium battery through the lithium battery constant current and then constant voltage charging module T1 being turned on.

[0036] When the controller detects that the power of the supercapacitor meets the usage requirements through the first power detection module P1, the controller controls the pins A1 and A2 of the coil of the first relay KA1 that automatically activates the charging module at zero power to be energized, then the normally open / normally closed contact pin 11 and the normally closed contact pin 12 of the first relay KA1 are disconnected respectively, and the pins A1 and A2 of the coil of the first contactor KM1 of the fast charging start-stop module are de-energized respectively, and then the normally open main contact pins 1 and 2 of the first contactor KM1 are disconnected respectively, and finally the DC48V charging circuit of the brush board is disconnected.

[0037] The normal charging process of a lithium battery is as follows:

[0038] When the controller detects through the second power detection module P2 that the power of the lithium battery has dropped to the set threshold, the controller controls the load drive to automatically drive the RGV to the charging position; after the RGV body brush block is fully in contact with the brush plate, the controller will control the coil pins A1 and A2 of the first relay KA1 of the zero-power automatic activation charging module to be de-energized respectively, and the normally open / normally closed contact pins 11 and the normally closed contact pins 12 of the first relay KA1 are reset and connected respectively, and DC48V is introduced through the positive pole of the X1.1 brush block, then the coil pins A1 and A2 of the first contactor KM1 of the fast charging start-stop module are energized, and the normally open main contacts 1 and 2 of KM1 are energized to connect the first diode VD1 of the reverse charging protection module to the supercapacitor, and connect the DC48V charging circuit of the brush plate to give priority to fast charging of the supercapacitor; when the controller detects that the supercapacitor is fully charged through the first power detection module P1, the controller controls the second contactor KM1 of the lithium battery activation charging module 2, the coil pins A1 and A2 of the second contactor KM2 are energized, and the normally open main contact pins 1 and 2 of the second contactor KM2 are respectively energized to connect the lithium battery constant current then constant voltage charging module, thereby starting to charge the lithium battery; when the controller detects that the lithium battery is fully charged through the second power detection module P2, the controller controls the coil pins A1 and A2 of the second contactor KM2 of the lithium battery activation charging module to lose power, and the normally open main contact pins 1 and 2 of the second contactor KM2 are disconnected, then the charging circuit of the lithium battery constant current then constant voltage charging module is disconnected; at the same time, the controller controls the coil pins A1 and A2 of the first relay KA1 of the zero power automatic activation charging module to be energized, and the pin 11 of the normally open / normally closed contact of the first relay KA1 and the pin 12 of the normally closed contact are disconnected, then the coil pins A1 and A2 of the first contactor KM1 of the fast charging start-stop module lose power, the normally open main contact pins 1 and 2 of the first contactor KM1 are disconnected, and the DC48V charging circuit of the brush block is disconnected.

[0039] The process of automatic activation and charging of supercapacitors and lithium batteries at zero power is as follows:

[0040] When the RGV is unable to continue to supply power to the RGV due to long-term standby inspection, testing, maintenance, etc., resulting in the supercapacitor and lithium battery being too low or even exhausted, the RGV can be manually pushed to the charging position. At this time, the controller does not start, and the coil of the first relay KA1 of the zero-power automatic activation charging module is in a power-off state; after the RGV body brush block is fully in contact with the brush plate, the normally open / normally closed contact pins 11 and 12 of the first relay KA1 are connected, and the positive pole of the X1.1 brush block is introduced into DC48V, and the coil pins A1 and A2 of the first contactor KM1 of the fast charging start-stop module are The normally open main contact pins 1 and 2 of the first contactor KM1 are energized and connected to the supercapacitor through the first diode VD1 of the reverse charging protection module, so that the DC48V charging circuit of the brush board quickly charges the supercapacitor; when the controller detects that the supercapacitor is fully charged through the second power detection module P1, the controller controls the coil pins A1 and A2 of the second contactor KM2 of the lithium battery enabling charging module to be energized, and the normally open main contact pins 1 and 2 of the second contactor KM2 are energized, thereby connecting the lithium battery constant current and then constant voltage charging module and charging the lithium battery.

[0041] The process of dual power supply of super capacitor and lithium battery is as follows:

[0042] When the controller detects that the supercapacitor has sufficient power through the first power detection module P1, the controller controls the pins A1 and A2 of the coil of the third contactor KM3 of the lithium battery power supply enabling module to be energized, and the normally closed main contact pins 3 and 4 of the third contactor KM3 are disconnected, and the lithium battery power supply circuit is disconnected, then the controller and the load drive are powered only by the supercapacitor;

[0043] In the process of supercapacitor power supply, based on the unipolar conduction principle of the second diode VD2 of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, the controller controls the coil pins A1 and A2 of the second contactor KM2 of the lithium battery activation charging module to lose power, and the normally open main contact pins 1 and 2 of the second contactor KM2 are not attracted. In this case, the supercapacitor cannot charge the lithium battery directly or through the lithium battery constant current and then constant voltage charging module T1 in the power supply state;

[0044] When the controller detects through the first power detection module P1 that the supercapacitor is low on power and cannot execute the current task, the controller controls the coil pins A1 and A2 of the third contactor KM3 of the lithium battery power supply enabling module to reset, and the normally closed main contact pins 3 and 4 of the third contactor KM3 are energized, and the controller and the load drive are directly switched to connect to the lithium battery power supply enabling module; at this time, based on the single-stage conduction principle of the third diode VD3 of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, the supercapacitor is isolated and will not be charged by the lithium battery; during the lithium battery power supply process, the controller controls the RGV to automatically move to the charging position through the load drive and completes the corresponding charging task.

[0045] The process of supercapacitor braking energy recovery is as follows:

[0046] According to the power supply characteristics of supercapacitors and lithium batteries, RGV will only run at high speed when the supercapacitor is used as the main power supply, and will run at a reduced speed when switched to lithium battery power supply;

[0047] During the supercapacitor power supply process, the controller controls the coil pins A1 and A2 of the third contactor KM3 of the braking energy recovery control module to be energized, and then the normally open main contact pins 1 and 2 of the third contactor KM3 are energized, so that the pins x1 and x2 of the third diode VD3 of the lithium battery and the supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module are short-circuited, and at the same time, the normally closed main contact pins 3 and 4 of the third contactor KM3 are disconnected; a large amount of braking energy is generated in the process of load drive from high-speed operation to deceleration and parking, because the single-pole conduction of the second diode VD2 of the lithium battery and the supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, and the normally closed main contact pins 3 and 4 of the third contactor KM3 are disconnected respectively, thereby forming isolation for the lithium battery, and the braking energy will not be fed back to the lithium battery; at this time, the braking energy is connected to the supercapacitor through the normally open main contact pins 1 and 2 of the energized third contactor KM3, and the supercapacitor fully absorbs this part of the braking energy to achieve recovery and energy saving.

[0048] In summary, the embodiments given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are only preferred solutions. Those skilled in the art can be inspired by this and directly deduce other alternative structures that are consistent with the design concept of the present invention, which should also fall within the scope of the solution described in the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-contact supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit, characterized in that: It includes a zero-power automatic activation charging module, a fast charging start-stop module, a reverse charging protection module, a first power detection module, a second power detection module, a lithium battery activation charging module, a lithium battery constant current then constant voltage charging module, a lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, and a lithium battery power supply activation module; The lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module comprises a group of second diodes and third diodes connected in parallel; the pins of the third diode are respectively connected in parallel with the pins of the first diode of the reverse charging protection module, the positive electrode of the supercapacitor, the pins of the first power detection module, and the normally open main contact pins of the second contactor of the lithium battery enabling charging module; The pins of the third diode and the second diode are connected in parallel with the terminals of the power supply terminals of the controller, and the pins of the second diode are respectively connected in parallel with the pins of the lithium battery constant current then constant voltage charging module and the lithium battery power supply enabling module; The fast charging start-stop module includes a coil of the first contactor, a normally open main contact and a normally open auxiliary contact; one side pin of the normally open main contact of the first contactor is connected to the positive pole of the brush plate and introduces the power supply, and the other side pin is connected to one side pin of the first diode of the reverse charging protection module, the coil pin of the first contactor is connected to the normally closed contact pin of the first relay of the zero-power automatic activation charging module, and the coil pin of the first contactor is connected to the negative pole of the brush plate to form a fast charging circuit; the pin of the normally open auxiliary contact of the first contactor is connected to the third terminal of the controller; The reverse charging protection module comprises a first diode, the pins of the first diode are respectively connected in parallel with the positive electrode of the supercapacitor, the pins of the first power detection module, the normally open main contact pins of the second contactor of the lithium battery charging mode, and the pins of the third diode of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module; The lithium battery activation charging module includes a second contactor, the normally open main contact pins of the second contactor are respectively connected in parallel with the pins of the first diode of the reverse charging protection module, the positive electrode of the supercapacitor, the pins of the first power detection module, and the pins of the third diode of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module; the normally open main contact pins of the second contactor are connected to the pins of the lithium battery constant current and then constant voltage charging module, and the pins of the coil of the second contactor are connected to the third terminal of the controller; The pins of the lithium battery constant current then constant voltage charging module are respectively connected in parallel with the negative electrode of the brush board, the pins of the lithium battery, the pins of the second power detection module, and the pins of the second diode of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module.

2. The contactless supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The zero-power automatic activation charging module includes a first relay coil and a normally open / normally closed contact of the first relay; The normally open / normally closed common contact pin of the first relay is connected to the positive electrode of the brush plate, the normally closed contact pin is connected to the pin of the first coil of the first contactor, and the pin of the second coil of the first contactor is connected to the negative electrode of the brush plate to form a complete voltage introduction circuit; The first pin and the second pin of the first relay coil are respectively connected to the third connecting terminal of the controller.

3. The contactless supercapacitor and lithium battery dual power supply control circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It includes a braking energy recovery control and lithium battery power supply activation module, the normally open main contact pins of the third contactor are respectively connected to the pins of the third diode of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, the normally closed main contact pins of the third contactor are respectively connected in parallel with the pins of the lithium battery constant current then constant voltage charging module and the pins of the second diode of the lithium battery and supercapacitor charge and discharge isolation module, the normally closed main contact pins of the third contactor are connected to the pins of the lithium battery, and the pins of the coil of the third contactor are connected to the third terminal of the connector.

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