Non-equal line-spacing beam seismic exploration method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The present application provides a non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration method, device, equipment and storage medium. The method includes obtaining reflection wave parameters and surface parameters within a preset area; determining an internal receiving line spacing and an external receiving line spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters, where the internal receiving line spacing is less than the external receiving line spacing; establishing a wire harness seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing, and performing seismic exploration according to the wire harness seismic observation system. By adopting a non-equidistant wire harness seismic observation system, the internal survey lines are densely arranged to achieve sufficient sampling of interference waves and meet the requirements of denoising in the shot domain. The external survey lines are gradually widened to increase the lateral width of the data and meet the requirements of prestack depth migration velocity modeling. Accurate geological information can be obtained under complex geological conditions, improving the accuracy of seismic exploration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, and particularly to a non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration method, device, equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Seismic exploration technology is a method that uses artificially generated elastic waves to locate geological targets, obtain engineering geological information, and search for oil and gas traps. The implementation of seismic exploration technology requires the establishment of a seismic observation system. At present, oil and gas reservoirs with relatively good surface conditions and simple structures have been identified through conventional seismic exploration technology. With the continuous deepening of oil and gas exploration, the piedmont zone with extremely complex surface and underground geological conditions has become a key research area. However, seismic exploration in the piedmont zone has always faced problems such as poor seismic data quality and the ambiguity of structural modeling solutions, which restrict the exploration and development process.

[0003] Traditional seismic exploration technologies include two-dimensional seismic exploration technology and three-dimensional seismic exploration technology. The so-called two-dimensional seismic exploration technology refers to artificially generating seismic waves on the surface. When the seismic waves propagate underground and encounter the interface of rock layers with different medium properties, the seismic waves will be reflected and refracted. On the surface or in wells, geophones arranged in a single-line manner can receive the waves, and then through computer processing, underground profile diagrams can be obtained. The so-called three-dimensional seismic exploration technology is to arrange equally spaced survey lines on the ground, and collect the elastic wave information reflected from underground strata back to the ground through each survey line. After computer processing, a three-dimensional structure image of the underground is obtained.

[0004] However, the seismic exploration technologies in the prior art are difficult to obtain accurate geological information under complex geological conditions, and the accuracy of seismic exploration is low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration method, device, equipment and storage medium, so as to solve the technical problem that the seismic exploration technology in the prior art is difficult to obtain accurate geological information under complex geological conditions and the accuracy of seismic exploration is low.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration method, including:

[0007] Obtain the reflected wave parameters and surface parameters in a preset area;

[0008] Determine the internal receiving line spacing and external receiving line spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the reflected wave parameters and the surface parameters, wherein the internal receiving line spacing is less than the external receiving line spacing;

[0009] Based on the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing, a wireline seismic observation system is established, and seismic exploration is carried out according to the wireline seismic observation system.

[0010] Here, the non-equal line spacing wireline seismic exploration method determined in the embodiments of the present application uses a non-equal line spacing wireline seismic observation system. When establishing this wireline seismic observation system, non-equal line spacing survey lines are carried out, and the survey lines are divided into internal survey lines and external survey lines. Among them, the internal receiving line spacing is less than the external receiving line spacing, that is, the internal survey lines are densely arranged to achieve sufficient sampling of interference waves and meet the denoising requirements of the shot domain. At the same time, the external wireline seismic lines with non-equal line spacing are gradually widened in the lateral direction to increase the lateral width of the data and meet the requirements of prestack depth migration velocity modeling. More seismic data can be obtained in the lateral direction, which can achieve lateral denoising and lateral velocity modeling, improve the imaging effect in the depth domain, and also improve the imaging accuracy of the shallow layer. Through the establishment of the non-equal line spacing wireline seismic observation system, sufficient sampling is carried out, the sampling rate is increased, and accurate geological information can be obtained under complex geological conditions, improving the accuracy of seismic exploration.

[0011] Optionally, before determining the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters, it further includes:

[0012] Determine the trace spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters;

[0013] Correspondingly, the determining of the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters includes:

[0014] Determine the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing according to the trace spacing, where the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing are respectively positively correlated with the trace spacing.

[0015] Here, in the embodiments of the present application, the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing are respectively positively correlated with the trace spacing, ensuring sufficient and uniform sampling, and further improving the accuracy of seismic exploration.

[0016] Optionally, the external receiving line spacing includes a first external receiving line spacing and a second external receiving line spacing;

[0017] The determining of the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing according to the trace spacing includes:

[0018] Determine that the internal receiving line spacing is equal to the trace spacing;

[0019] Determine that the first external receiving line spacing is equal to 2 times the trace spacing;

[0020] Determine that the second external receiving line spacing is equal to 4 times the trace spacing.

[0021] Here, in the embodiments of the present application, the internal receiving line spacing is made equal to the trace spacing to ensure that the non-equal-line-spacing wire harness seismic interior satisfies the full sampling of interference waves in the shot domain. The first external receiving line spacing is made equal to 2 times the trace spacing, and the second external receiving line spacing is made equal to 4 times the trace spacing. The external survey lines are gradually widened. On the premise of the same input quantity of geophone equipment, the lateral width of the data is increased, and further, the accuracy of seismic exploration is improved.

[0022] Optionally, the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters include layer velocity, root-mean-square velocity, reflection wave dominant frequency, reflection wave highest frequency, and maximum dip angle of the target layer;

[0023] The determining the trace spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters includes:

[0024] Determine the first trace spacing that meets the lateral resolution requirement according to the layer velocity and the reflection wave;

[0025] Determine the second trace spacing that meets the highest aliasing-free frequency requirement according to the root-mean-square velocity, reflection wave highest frequency, and maximum dip angle of the target layer;

[0026] Determine the third trace spacing that meets the diffraction wave migration and homing requirement according to the root-mean-square velocity and the reflection wave highest frequency;

[0027] Determine the minimum trace spacing among the first trace spacing, the second trace spacing, and the third trace spacing as the trace spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area.

[0028] Here, when calculating the trace spacing in the embodiments of the present application, three conditions for meeting the requirements of lateral resolution, highest aliasing-free frequency, and diffraction wave migration and homing are considered. Three trace spacings are calculated through the above three conditions, and the minimum value of the three calculated trace spacings is determined as the trace spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area, so that the trace spacing for seismic exploration simultaneously meets the requirements of lateral resolution, highest aliasing-free frequency, and diffraction wave migration and homing, and further improves the accuracy and feasibility of seismic exploration.

[0029] Optionally, after determining the trace spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters, it further includes:

[0030] Determine the shot point spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the trace spacing, and make the shot point spacing equal to the trace spacing;

[0031] Correspondingly, the establishing a wire harness seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing includes:

[0032] Establish a wireline seismic observation system based on the internal receiver line spacing, the external receiver line spacing, the trace spacing, and the shot point spacing.

[0033] Here, in the embodiments of the present application, the shot point spacing is made equal to the trace spacing to achieve the uniformity of the coverage fold of the wireline seismic observation system and ensure the accuracy of the seismic exploration results.

[0034] Optionally, after determining the shot point spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the trace spacing and making the shot point spacing equal to the trace spacing, it further includes:

[0035] Determine the shot line spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the trace spacing, and make the shot line spacing equal to 2 times the trace spacing;

[0036] Correspondingly, the establishment of the wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing includes:

[0037] Establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing, the external receiver line spacing, the trace spacing, the shot point spacing, and the shot line spacing.

[0038] Here, in the embodiments of the present application, the shot line spacing is made equal to 2 times the trace spacing, which expands the shot line spacing based on the trace spacing, saves the cost of seismic exploration, and improves the economy of seismic observation.

[0039] Optionally, the reflected wave parameters in the preset area further include the maximum interference wave wavelength in the work area;

[0040] After determining that the second external receiver line spacing is equal to 4 times the trace spacing, it further includes:

[0041] Determine the number of internal receiver lines, the number of first external receiver lines, and the number of second external receiver lines for seismic exploration in the preset area;

[0042] Determine the internal receiver line observation width for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the internal receiver line spacing and the number of internal receiver lines, and make the internal receiver line observation width greater than or equal to 1.5 times the maximum interference wave wavelength in the work area;

[0043] Determine the external receiver line observation width for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the internal receiver line spacing, the number of internal receiver lines, the first external receiver line spacing, the number of first external receiver lines, the second external receiver line spacing, and the number of second external receiver lines;

[0044] The establishment of the wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing includes:

[0045] A wire bundle seismic observation system is established according to the internal receiving line spacing, the first external receiving line spacing, the second external receiving line spacing, the internal receiving line observation width, and the external receiving line observation width.

[0046] Here, in the embodiment of the present application, the internal receiving line observation width is determined according to the internal receiving line spacing and the number of internal receiving lines, and the internal receiving line observation width is made greater than or equal to 1.5 times the maximum interference wave wavelength in the work area to ensure that when the internal survey lines of the non-equal line spacing wire bundle seismic are densely arranged, the observation width meets the lateral identification of interference waves, meets the need for using the shot domain denoising method in data processing, and ensures that the frequency domain is not distorted after Fourier transform. According to the internal receiving line spacing, the number of internal receiving lines, the first external receiving line spacing, the number of first external receiving lines, the second external receiving line spacing, and the number of second external receiving lines, the external receiving line observation width for seismic exploration in the preset area is determined, so as to widen the non-equal line spacing wire bundle seismic external survey lines and meet the modeling requirements of the pre-stack depth migration velocity, thereby further improving the accuracy of seismic exploration.

[0047] Optionally, before establishing the wire bundle seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing, it further includes:

[0048] Performing forward illumination analysis on the preset area to obtain the first coverage times and the first illumination energy of the preset area, where the first coverage times are the coverage times determined when performing two-dimensional seismic exploration in the preset area, and the first illumination energy is the illumination energy determined when performing two-dimensional seismic exploration in the preset area;

[0049] Determining the target coverage times for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the preset desired illumination energy, the preset proportionality coefficient, the first coverage times, and the first illumination energy;

[0050] The establishing the wire bundle seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing includes:

[0051] Establishing a wire bundle seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing, the external receiving line spacing, and the target coverage times.

[0052] Here, in the embodiment of the present application, through forward illumination analysis, the first coverage times and the first illumination energy of the preset area determined by the two-dimensional survey line observation system are obtained. According to the preset illumination energy, the first coverage times, and the first illumination energy, the illumination energy in the low signal-to-noise ratio area can be increased to the illumination energy in the high area, so as to calculate the required coverage times.

[0053] Optionally, after determining the target coverage times for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the preset expected illumination energy, preset proportionality coefficient, the first coverage times, and the first illumination energy, the method further includes:

[0054] Determining the number of shot points for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the target coverage times and the single-line coverage times, and making the number of shot points and the number of inline traces be of opposite parity;

[0055] The establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing includes:

[0056] Establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing, the external receiver line spacing, the target coverage times, and the number of shot points.

[0057] Here, embodiments of the present application can determine the number of shot points according to the target coverage times and the single-line coverage times, and make the number of shot points and the number of inline traces be of opposite parity, ensuring the balance and symmetry of sampling in the wireline seismic observation system.

[0058] Optionally, after determining the shot line spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the trace spacing, the method further includes:

[0059] Determining the number of shot lines for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the full coverage length, the number of inline traces, the trace spacing, and the shot line spacing;

[0060] Correspondingly, the establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing includes:

[0061] Establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing, the external receiver line spacing, the trace spacing, the shot point spacing, the shot line spacing, and the number of shot lines.

[0062] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a non-equal-line-spacing wireline seismic exploration device, including:

[0063] An acquisition module, configured to acquire reflection wave parameters and surface parameters in a preset area;

[0064] A first determination module, configured to determine an internal receiver line spacing and an external receiver line spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters, where the internal receiver line spacing is less than the external receiver line spacing;

[0065] A first processing module, configured to establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing, and perform seismic exploration according to the wireline seismic observation system.

[0066] Optionally, before the first determination module determines the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the reflected wave parameters and the surface parameters, the above device further includes:

[0067] A second determination module, configured to determine the trace spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the reflected wave parameters and the surface parameters;

[0068] Correspondingly, the first determination module is specifically configured to determine the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing according to the trace spacing, where the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing are respectively positively correlated with the trace spacing.

[0069] Optionally, the external receiving line spacing includes a first external receiving line spacing and a second external receiving line spacing;

[0070] The first determination module is specifically configured to:

[0071] Determine that the internal receiving line spacing is equal to the trace spacing;

[0072] Determine that the first external receiving line spacing is equal to 2 times the trace spacing;

[0073] Determine that the second external receiving line spacing is equal to 4 times the trace spacing.

[0074] Optionally, the reflected wave parameters and the surface parameters include layer velocity, root-mean-square velocity, dominant frequency of the reflected wave, highest frequency of the reflected wave, and maximum dip angle of the target layer;

[0075] The second determination module is specifically configured to:

[0076] According to the layer velocity and the reflected wave, determine the first trace spacing that meets the requirement of lateral resolution;

[0077] According to the root-mean-square velocity, the highest frequency of the reflected wave, and the maximum dip angle of the target layer, determine the second trace spacing that meets the requirement of the highest aliasing-free frequency;

[0078] According to the root-mean-square velocity and the highest frequency of the reflected wave, determine the third trace spacing that meets the requirement of diffraction wave migration and homing;

[0079] Determine the minimum trace spacing among the first trace spacing, the second trace spacing, and the third trace spacing as the trace spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area.

[0080] Optionally, after the second determination module determines the trace spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the reflected wave parameters and the surface parameters, the above device further includes:

[0081] A third determination module, configured to determine a shotpoint spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the trace spacing, such that the shotpoint spacing is equal to the trace spacing;

[0082] Correspondingly, the first processing module is specifically configured to establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing, the external receiving line spacing, the trace spacing, and the shotpoint spacing.

[0083] Optionally, after the third determination module determines a shotpoint spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the trace spacing, such that the shotpoint spacing is equal to the trace spacing, the above device further includes:

[0084] A fourth determination module, configured to determine a shotline spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the trace spacing, such that the shotline spacing is equal to 2 times the trace spacing;

[0085] Correspondingly, the first processing module is specifically configured to establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing, the external receiving line spacing, the trace spacing, the shotpoint spacing, and the shotline spacing.

[0086] Optionally, the reflection wave parameters within the preset area further include the maximum interference wave wavelength in the work area;

[0087] After the first determination module determines that the second external receiving line spacing is equal to 4 times the trace spacing, the above device further includes a fifth determination module, configured to:

[0088] Determine the number of internal receiving lines, the number of first external receiving lines, and the number of second external receiving lines for seismic exploration within the preset area;

[0089] Determine the internal receiving line observation width for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the internal receiving line spacing and the number of internal receiving lines, and make the internal receiving line observation width greater than or equal to 1.5 times the maximum interference wave wavelength in the work area;

[0090] Determine the external receiving line observation width for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the internal receiving line spacing, the number of internal receiving lines, the first external receiving line spacing, the number of first external receiving lines, the second external receiving line spacing, and the number of second external receiving lines;

[0091] Correspondingly, the first processing module is specifically configured to:

[0092] Establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing, the first external receiving line spacing, the second external receiving line spacing, the internal receiving line observation width, and the external receiving line observation width.

[0093] Optionally, before the first processing module establishes a wire harness seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing, the above device further includes:

[0094] A second processing module, configured to perform forward illumination analysis on the preset area to obtain a first coverage number and a first illumination energy of the preset area, where the first coverage number is the coverage number determined when two-dimensional seismic exploration is performed on the preset area, and the first illumination energy is the illumination energy determined when two-dimensional seismic exploration is performed on the preset area;

[0095] Determine a target coverage number for seismic exploration in the preset area according to a preset expected illumination energy, a preset proportionality coefficient, the first coverage number, and the first illumination energy;

[0096] The first processing module is specifically configured to establish a wire harness seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing, the external receiving line spacing, and the target coverage number.

[0097] Optionally, after the second processing module determines a target coverage number for seismic exploration in the preset area according to a preset expected illumination energy, a preset proportionality coefficient, the first coverage number, and the first illumination energy, the above device further includes:

[0098] A sixth determination module, configured to determine the number of shot points for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the target coverage number and the single-line coverage number, and make the number of shot points and the number of array channels be odd and even to each other;

[0099] Correspondingly, the first processing module is specifically configured to:

[0100] Establish a wire harness seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing, the external receiving line spacing, the target coverage number, and the number of shot points.

[0101] Optionally, after the fourth determination module determines the shot line spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the trace spacing, the above device further includes:

[0102] A seventh determination module, configured to determine the number of shot lines for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the full coverage length, the number of array channels, the trace spacing, and the shot line spacing;

[0103] Correspondingly, the first determination module is specifically configured to establish a wire harness seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing, the external receiving line spacing, the trace spacing, the shot point spacing, the shot line spacing, and the number of shot lines.

[0104] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a non-equal line spacing wire harness seismic exploration device, including: at least one processor and a memory;

[0105] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0106] The at least one processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the at least one processor executes the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration method described in the first aspect above and various possible designs of the first aspect.

[0107] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When a processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration method described in the first aspect above and various possible designs of the first aspect is implemented.

[0108] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration method described in the first aspect above and various possible designs of the first aspect is implemented.

[0109] The non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration method, device, equipment and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application. The method adopts a non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system. When establishing the wire harness seismic observation system, non-equal line-spacing survey lines are carried out, and the survey lines are divided into internal survey lines and external survey lines. Among them, the internal receiving line spacing is smaller than the external receiving line spacing, that is, the internal survey lines are densely arranged to achieve full sampling of interference waves and meet the denoising requirements of the shot domain body. At the same time, the external survey lines of the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic are gradually widened to increase the lateral width of the data and meet the requirements of prestack depth migration velocity modeling. More seismic data can be obtained laterally, and lateral denoising and lateral velocity modeling can be realized, improving the imaging effect in the depth domain, and also improving the imaging accuracy of the shallow layer. Through the establishment of the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system, sufficient sampling is carried out, the sampling rate is improved, accurate geological information can be obtained under complex geological conditions, and the accuracy of seismic exploration is improved. Description of the Drawings

[0110] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0111] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a seismic exploration system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0112] Figure 2Schematic flow chart of a non-equal line spacing wire harness seismic exploration method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0113] Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram of a wire harness seismic observation system applied to a non-equal line spacing wire harness seismic exploration method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0114] Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of another wire harness seismic observation system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0115] Figure 5 Fourier transform analysis diagram of minimum-phase Ricker wavelets with different sampling durations provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0116] Figure 6 Hetian River 2D numerical forward model of an embodiment of the present application;

[0117] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the illumination result of a 2D observation system in the prior art provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0118] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the illumination energy and expected illumination energy of each target layer of a 2D observation system in the prior art provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0119] Figure 9 Illumination result of a non-equal line spacing wire harness seismic observation system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0120] Figure 10 Comparison diagram of the coverage times between a conventional wire harness seismic observation system and a non-equal line spacing wire harness seismic observation system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0121] Figure 11 Schematic flow chart of a method for establishing a wire harness seismic observation system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0122] Figure 12 Schematic structural diagram of another wire harness seismic observation system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0123] Figure 13-a Example diagram of the observation result of a non-equal line spacing wire harness seismic observation system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0124] Figure 13-b Comparison diagram of the pre-stack depth migration profiles between 2D seismic in the prior art and non-equal line spacing wire harness seismic provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0125] Figure 14 Schematic structural diagram of a non-equal line spacing wire harness seismic exploration device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0126] Figure 15 This is a schematic structural diagram of a non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0127] Through the above-mentioned drawings, specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown, and there will be more detailed descriptions hereinafter. These drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present disclosure in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed implementation manners

[0128] Here, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and examples are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementation manners consistent with the present disclosure. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0129] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the description and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily need to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such used data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these process, method, product, or device.

[0130] Seismic exploration technology is an oil and gas exploration method that uses artificially generated elastic waves to locate the positions of geological targets, and infers the properties and shapes of underground strata by utilizing the propagation differences of elastic waves under different geological conditions, so as to search for oil and gas reservoirs and obtain engineering geological information. At present, oil and gas reservoirs with relatively good surface conditions and simple structures have been identified through conventional seismic exploration technology. With the continuous deepening of oil and gas exploration, the piedmont zone with extremely complex surface and underground geological conditions has become a key research direction. However, there have always been problems in piedmont zone seismic exploration, such as poor seismic data quality and multiple solutions in the structural modeling scheme, which restrict the exploration and development process.

[0131] At present, for simple geology, conventional seismic exploration techniques can be used for exploration, such as two-dimensional seismic exploration technology, three-dimensional seismic exploration technology, etc. The so-called two-dimensional seismic exploration technology means that seismic waves are artificially excited on the surface of the earth. When propagating underground, when encountering the interface of rock layers with different medium properties, the seismic waves will be reflected and refracted. On the surface or in wells, the geophones arranged in a single-line manner can receive them, and then through computer processing, underground cross-sectional diagrams can be obtained. The so-called three-dimensional seismic exploration technology is also to arrange survey lines with equal line spacing on the ground, and collect the elastic wave information reflected from the underground strata back to the ground through each survey line. However, what is obtained after computer processing is a three-dimensional structure image of the underground. The two-dimensional seismic exploration technology is suitable for the early trap pre-exploration of seismic exploration. There are problems such as the diffracted wave not being able to truly converge, and the turning wave and side wave not being able to be accurately positioned, resulting in difficult accurate imaging of complex geological targets. The three-dimensional seismic exploration technology is suitable for the development stage of seismic exploration. It can effectively suppress spatial noise, obtain a more accurate velocity model, and get a clearer and more accurate geological body imaging. However, affected by economy, the three-dimensional seismic exploration technology only realizes full sampling in a single direction, and the large receiving line spacing causes insufficient sampling in the direction of the connecting survey line, which is not conducive to imaging of shallow high-steep structures. At the same time, when the geological target is not clear, the three-dimensional seismic exploration has high costs and great implementation risks.

[0132] Therefore, there is a technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult for seismic exploration technology to obtain accurate geological information under complex geological conditions, and the accuracy of seismic exploration is low. There is a need to find a seismic exploration technology that can achieve accurate imaging of complex geology without increasing exploration costs.

[0133] To solve the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a non-equal line spacing beam seismic exploration method, device, equipment and storage medium, which adopt a non-equal line spacing beam seismic observation system. When establishing this beam seismic observation system, non-equal line spacing survey lines are carried out, and the survey lines are divided into internal survey lines and external survey lines.

[0134] Among them, beam seismic is a new seismic technology different from conventional two-dimensional seismic, wide-line seismic, and three-dimensional seismic. The English translation of beam seismic is BEAM Seismic. BEAM is the abbreviation of Broad-patch Even Adequate Measuring, which means "broad array patch, uniform, full sampling", which is exactly the technical core of beam seismic. And the word BEAM itself also has the meaning of "beam, light beam", which just fits beam seismic. Therefore, beam seismic is named BEAM Seismic, abbreviated as BS.

[0135] The field acquisition methods of wireline seismic and 3D seismic are different. It doesn't need to achieve full coverage by rolling the beam line horizontally like 3D seismic. Instead, it can directly achieve full coverage sampling of seismic data by rolling in a carpet-like manner from one end to the other. The field seismic acquisition is easy to construct and has high efficiency.

[0136] The technical characteristics of wireline seismic directly bring huge advantages in seismic data processing and precise imaging: First, the advantage of fine surface layer modeling. The full sampling without difference in the vertical and horizontal directions helps to establish a fine surface layer model, which can greatly improve the accuracy of the shallow surface layer model. Second, the advantage of denoising in the shot domain. Each shot of wireline seismic is a single coverage of the underground target and is independent, similar to the 3D data volume of post-stack results, and can directly perform 3D volume denoising processing in the shot domain to improve the denoising effect, which is incomparable to other acquisition technologies. Third, the advantage of shallow layer imaging with small shot-receiver offsets. Along with the high multiple increase of near-offset information, it can achieve precise imaging of the shallow layer. Fourth, the advantage of high-density 3D velocity modeling. The fine modeling of the shallow surface layer lays the foundation for full-depth modeling. The high density and high coverage in the middle and deep layers greatly improve the illumination and gather quality, which is beneficial to velocity analysis and 3D velocity modeling. Fifth, the advantage of in-phase stacking and precise imaging. The high-density CRP gather can achieve high-precision residual velocity analysis, making the migration gather straighter, and can achieve in-phase stacking and precise imaging of near and far offset information.

[0137] Optionally, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a seismic exploration system provided by an embodiment of the present application. In Figure 1 the above architecture includes at least one of a receiving device 101, a processor 102, and a display device 103.

[0138] It can be understood that the structure schematically shown in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the architecture of the seismic exploration system. In other feasible embodiments of the present application, the above architecture may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or have different component arrangements, which can be specifically determined according to the actual application scenario and are not limited herein. Figure 1 The components shown can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0139] In the specific implementation process, the receiving device 101 can be an input / output interface or a communication interface.

[0140] The processor 102 may adopt a non-equidistant wireline seismic observation system. When establishing this wireline seismic observation system, non-equidistant survey lines are carried out, and the survey lines are divided into internal survey lines and external survey lines. Among them, the internal receiver line spacing is less than the external receiver line spacing, that is, the internal survey lines are densely arranged to achieve full sampling of interference waves and meet the requirements of denoising in the shot domain. At the same time, the external survey lines of the non-equidistant wireline seismic gradually widen to increase the lateral width of the data and meet the requirements of pre-stack depth migration velocity modeling. More seismic data can be obtained laterally, enabling lateral denoising and lateral velocity modeling to improve the imaging effect in the depth domain.

[0141] The display device 103 can be used to display the above results and the like.

[0142] The display device can also be a touch display screen, which is used to receive user instructions while displaying the above content to achieve interaction with the user.

[0143] It should be understood that the above processor can be implemented by the processor reading instructions in the memory and executing the instructions, or can also be implemented by chip circuits.

[0144] In addition, the network architecture and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly explaining the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art know that with the evolution of the network architecture and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0145] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with specific embodiments:

[0146] Optionally, Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of a non-equidistant wireline seismic exploration method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The execution subject of the embodiment of the present application can be Figure 1 the processor 102 therein, and the specific execution subject can be determined according to the actual application scenario. As Figure 2 shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0147] S201: Obtain the reflection wave parameters and surface parameters within a preset area.

[0148] During seismic exploration, the elastic waves excited by artificial methods and the wireline seismic observation system are used to locate the geological target position. Here, the reflection wave parameters and surface parameters are various parameters of the elastic waves for seismic exploration through the wireline seismic observation system within the preset area, including layer velocity, root mean square velocity, reflection wave main frequency, reflection wave highest frequency, and maximum dip angle of the target layer, etc. The reflection wave parameters can be determined according to specific situations.

[0149] S202: Determine the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing for seismic exploration within a preset area based on the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters.

[0150] Among them, the internal receiving line spacing is less than the external receiving line spacing.

[0151] In a possible implementation manner, exemplarily, Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a wireline seismic observation system for a non-equal line spacing wireline seismic exploration method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 3 shown, the wireline seismic observation system includes multiple internal survey lines 301 and multiple external survey lines 302. Each internal survey line 301 and each external survey line 302 include multiple receiving points 303, and the receiving points 303 are used to sample elastic waves. The embodiment of the present application can perform seismic exploration according to this wireline seismic observation system. As Figure 3 shown, the wireline seismic observation system is a non-equal line spacing observation system, and the receiving line spacings of the internal survey lines and the external survey lines are different. The internal survey lines are densely arranged to fully sample interference waves and meet the denoising requirements of the shot domain body; the external survey lines of the non-equal line spacing wireline seismic gradually widen to increase the lateral width of the data and meet the requirements of prestack depth migration velocity modeling, thereby improving the accuracy of seismic exploration. Figure 3 The structures and numbers of the internal survey lines and the external survey lines in [] are only illustrative, and their numbers and structures can be determined according to actual situations.

[0152] Among them, the receiving line spacing, in a wireline seismic observation system, refers to the distance between adjacent survey lines. In a wireline seismic observation system with equal line spacing, since the distances between adjacent survey lines are equal, the receiving line spacing is fixed, that is, the preset receiving line spacing remains unchanged. In a non-equal line spacing wireline seismic observation system, the receiving line spacing is variable. For the convenience of description, the survey lines in the non-equal line spacing wireline seismic observation system are divided into internal survey lines and external survey lines.

[0153] It can be understood that the internal survey lines and the external survey lines, the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing are only used to distinguish different receiving line spacings in the non-equal line spacing wireline seismic observation system. The actual structures and materials of the internal survey lines and the external survey lines are not different and belong to the same survey lines. It's just that the internal survey lines are closer to the shot point than the external survey lines, that is, the distance between the internal survey lines and the center of multiple shot lines is less than the distance between the external survey lines and the center of multiple shot lines.

[0154] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the observation width of the non-equal-line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system is greater than that of the equal-line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system. The observation width refers to the maximum width that the survey line in the wire harness seismic observation system can sample in the transverse direction. In this way, more samples can be obtained in the transverse direction of the survey line, and then transverse noise reduction and transverse velocity modeling can be realized, improving the geological imaging effect in the depth domain.

[0155] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the number of receiving points in the internal survey line and the external survey line is less than or equal to the number of receiving points in the equal-line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system. Here, the number of receiving points refers to the total number of all receiving points in the survey line, that is, the number of devices invested in field data acquisition.

[0156] The total number of receiving points in all internal survey lines and external survey lines in the non-equal-line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system is less than or equal to the total number of receiving points in the equal-line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system, that is, ensuring that the number of devices invested will not increase at least. In this way, while ensuring accurate imaging, the exploration cost can also be saved.

[0157] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the trace interval can be determined first, and parameters such as the internal receiving line interval and the external receiving line interval are calculated according to the trace interval. Before determining the internal receiving line interval and the external receiving line interval for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and surface parameters, it further includes:

[0158] Determine the trace interval for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and surface parameters; correspondingly, determining the internal receiving line interval and the external receiving line interval for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and surface parameters includes: determining the internal receiving line interval and the external receiving line interval according to the trace interval, where the internal receiving line interval and the external receiving line interval are positively correlated with the trace interval respectively.

[0159] Optionally, the reflection wave parameters and surface parameters include interval velocity, root-mean-square velocity, dominant frequency of the reflection wave, highest frequency of the reflection wave, and maximum dip angle of the target layer; determining the trace interval for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and surface parameters includes:

[0160] Determine the first trace interval that meets the transverse resolution requirement according to the interval velocity and the reflection wave; determine the second trace interval that meets the highest aliasing-free frequency requirement according to the root-mean-square velocity, the highest frequency of the reflection wave, and the maximum dip angle of the target layer; determine the third trace interval that meets the diffraction wave migration and homing requirement according to the root-mean-square velocity and the highest frequency of the reflection wave; determine the minimum trace interval among the first trace interval, the second trace interval, and the third trace interval as the trace interval for seismic exploration in the preset area.

[0161] In a possible implementation manner, the specific determination method of the trace interval is as follows:

[0162] The determination of the trace interval mainly considers meeting the requirements of lateral resolution, the highest aliasing-free frequency, and the diffraction wave migration imaging. The minimum value among the three requirements is selected for the trace interval:

[0163] R = min(R1, R2, R3)

[0164] Wherein, R1 is the trace interval (m) that meets the requirement of lateral resolution, i.e., the first trace interval mentioned above; R2 is the trace interval (m) that meets the requirement of the highest aliasing-free frequency, i.e., the second trace interval mentioned above; R3 is the trace interval (m) that meets the requirement of diffraction wave convergence, i.e., the third trace interval mentioned above.

[0165] Among them, in order to ensure a high lateral resolution, according to the sampling theorem, there are at least 2 samples within the wavelength range of each dominant frequency. The determination method of the first trace interval is as follows:

[0166]

[0167] Wherein, R1 is the trace interval (m), v int is the interval velocity of the target layer (m / s), f dom is the main frequency of the reflected wave (Hz).

[0168] Among them, to ensure that spatial aliasing does not occur in spatial sampling, it is necessary to satisfy that the time difference between adjacent rays is less than half a period. The determination method of the second trace interval is as follows:

[0169]

[0170] Wherein, R2 is the trace interval (m), v int is the interval velocity of the target layer (m / s), f max is the highest frequency of the reflected wave to be protected (Hz), and θ is the maximum dip angle of the target layer formation (°).

[0171] Among them, during migration, the diffraction wave convergence angle should be at least 30°. The determination method of the third trace interval is as follows:

[0172]

[0173] Wherein, R3 is the trace interval (m), v int is the interval velocity of the target layer (m / s), f max is the highest frequency of the reflected wave to be protected (Hz).

[0174] Here, when calculating the track spacing in the embodiment of the present application, the three conditions of meeting the requirements of lateral resolution, maximum aliasing-free frequency, and diffraction wave offset homing are taken into consideration. Three track spacings are calculated based on the above three conditions, and the minimum value of the three calculated track spacings is determined as the track spacing for seismic exploration in a preset area. This ensures that the track spacing for seismic exploration simultaneously meets the requirements of lateral resolution, maximum aliasing-free frequency, and diffraction wave offset homing, further improving the accuracy and feasibility of seismic exploration.

[0175] After the accurate track distance that meets the requirements is determined, other sampling data of the line beam seismic observation system such as the receiving line distance can be determined based on the track distance.

[0176] Optionally, the external receiving line distance includes a first external receiving line distance and a second external receiving line distance; determining the internal receiving line distance and the external receiving line distance according to the track distance includes: determining that the internal receiving line distance is equal to the track distance; determining that the first external receiving line distance is equal to 2 times the track distance; and determining that the second external receiving line distance is equal to 4 times the track distance.

[0177] In order to ensure that the internal interference waves of the non-uniform beam seismic are fully sampled in the shot area, the formula for determining the internal receiving line distance is as follows:

[0178] L R1 =R

[0179] Where, L R1 is the internal receiving line distance (m), and R is the track distance (m).

[0180] Among them, the non-uniformly spaced beam seismic external survey lines are gradually widened. Under the premise of the same amount of geophone equipment investment, the horizontal width of the data is increased. The formula for determining the first external receiving line distance and the second external receiving line distance is as follows:

[0181] L R2 =2R

[0182] L R3 =4R

[0183] Where, L R2 is the first external receiving line distance, L R3 is the second external receiving line distance, and R is the track distance.

[0184] Here, in the embodiment of the present application, the internal receiving line spacing is equal to the trace spacing to ensure that the interference wave is fully sampled in the shot area within the non-uniformly spaced beam seismic, and the first external receiving line spacing is equal to 2 times the trace spacing, and the second external receiving line spacing is equal to 4 times the trace spacing. The external survey line is gradually widened, and the horizontal width of the data is increased under the premise of the same amount of detector equipment investment, thereby further improving the accuracy of seismic exploration.

[0185] Here, in the embodiments of the present application, the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing are respectively positively correlated with the trace spacing, ensuring sufficient and uniform sampling and further improving the accuracy of seismic exploration.

[0186] S203: Establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing, and perform seismic exploration according to the wireline seismic observation system.

[0187] Optionally, after determining the trace spacing for seismic exploration in a preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters, it further includes: determining the shotpoint spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the trace spacing, and making the shotpoint spacing equal to the trace spacing.

[0188] Among them, the formula for the shotpoint spacing is as follows:

[0189] S = R

[0190] In the formula, S is the shotpoint spacing (m), and R is the trace spacing (m).

[0191] Correspondingly, establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing includes: establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing, the external receiving line spacing, the trace spacing, and the shotpoint spacing.

[0192] Here, in the embodiments of the present application, the shotpoint spacing is made equal to the trace spacing to achieve the uniformity of the coverage times of the wireline seismic observation system and ensure the accuracy of the seismic exploration results.

[0193] Optionally, after determining the shotpoint spacing for seismic exploration in a preset area according to the trace spacing and making the shotpoint spacing equal to the trace spacing, it further includes:

[0194] Determining the shotline spacing for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the trace spacing, and making the shotline spacing equal to 2 times the trace spacing. Correspondingly, the formula for determining the shotline spacing is as follows:

[0195] L S = 2R

[0196] In the formula, L S is the shotline spacing (m), and R is the trace spacing (m).

[0197] Correspondingly, establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing includes:

[0198] Establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing, the external receiving line spacing, the trace spacing, the shotpoint spacing, and the shotline spacing.

[0199] Here, in the embodiments of the present application, the shotline spacing is made equal to 2 times the trace spacing, expanding the shotline spacing on the basis of the trace spacing, saving the cost of seismic exploration, and improving the economy of seismic observation.

[0200] Exemplary Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of another wire harness seismic observation system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 4 shown, the system may include: a plurality of internal survey lines 301, a plurality of first external survey lines 3021, a plurality of second external survey lines 3022, and a plurality of shot lines 304. Each internal survey line 301, each first external survey line 3021, and each second external survey line 3022 include a plurality of receiving points 303, and the receiving points 303 are used to sample seismic waves. Each shot line 304 includes a plurality of shot points 305, and the shot points 305 are used to excite elastic waves.

[0201] In practical applications, the first external survey line may also be referred to as the middle survey line, and the second external survey line may also be referred to as the external survey line.

[0202] Regarding the relative placement positions of the plurality of internal survey lines, the plurality of first external survey lines, and the plurality of second external survey lines in a wire harness seismic observation system with unequal line spacings, it may be that the plurality of first external survey lines are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the plurality of internal survey lines, and the plurality of second external survey lines are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the plurality of first external survey lines, which can achieve uniform sampling of seismic waves. It may also be that the plurality of first external survey lines are asymmetrically distributed on both sides of the plurality of internal survey lines, and the plurality of second external survey lines are asymmetrically distributed on both sides of the plurality of first external survey lines. Of course, it may also be that the plurality of internal survey lines, the plurality of first external survey lines, and the plurality of external survey lines are arranged in sequence. Regarding the specific placement positions and quantities of the plurality of internal survey lines, the plurality of first external survey lines, and the plurality of external survey lines in a wire harness seismic observation system with unequal line spacings, no limitation is made here.

[0203] The determination of the receiving line spacing, trace spacing, shot point spacing, and shot line spacing of the wire harness seismic observation system provided by the embodiments of the present application can all be determined by the above method. In addition, the embodiments of the present application can also determine data required for establishing a wire harness seismic observation system, such as the observation width, number of survey lines, number of arranged traces, number of shot points, and number of shot lines, through the parameters in the above method.

[0204] Among them, the embodiments of the present application can determine the bin size according to the trace spacing, shot point spacing, receiving line spacing, and shot line spacing, and the formula is as follows:

[0205]

[0206]

[0207] In the formula, L x is the bin size in the main survey line direction (m), L y is the bin size in the connecting survey line direction (m), R is the trace spacing (m), L S is the shot line spacing (m), S is the shot point spacing (m), L Ris the receiving line spacing (m).

[0208] Generally, the shot point spacing S is equal to the trace spacing R, while the receiving line spacing L R increases as a multiple of the trace spacing R. Therefore, the bin size L in the direction of the connecting survey line y is mainly determined by the shot point spacing S.

[0209] Optionally, the method for determining the observation width is as follows: The reflection wave parameters in the preset area also include the maximum interference wave wavelength in the work area; after determining that the second external receiving line spacing is equal to 4 times the trace spacing, it further includes:

[0210] Determine the number of internal receiving lines, the number of first external receiving lines, and the number of second external receiving lines for seismic exploration in the preset area; according to the internal receiving line spacing and the number of internal receiving lines, determine the internal receiving line observation width for seismic exploration in the preset area, and make the internal receiving line observation width greater than or equal to 1.5 times the maximum interference wave wavelength in the work area.

[0211] The so-called observation width refers to the maximum width that the survey line can sample horizontally in a non-uniform line spacing beam seismic observation system. Since the internal survey lines in the non-uniform line spacing beam seismic observation system are densely arranged, the observation width needs to meet the requirement of lateral identification of interference waves so that the shot domain denoising method can be used during data processing. And, according to the sampling theorem and the requirement that the sampling duration can reflect the complete signal, the frequency domain will not be distorted after Fourier transform. And through the simulation analysis of the minimum-phase Ricker wave, as Figure 5 shown Figure 5 is the Fourier transform analysis diagram of the minimum-phase Ricker wave with different sampling durations provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 The left part in it is the schematic diagram of the minimum-phase Ricker wave with different sampling durations, and the sampling durations are 3 / 4 cycle, 1 cycle, 1.5 cycles, and 3 cycles respectively. The right part is the schematic diagram of the frequency domain after Fourier transform of the minimum-phase Ricker wave with different sampling durations. When the sampling duration is not less than 1.5 times the cycle, the Fourier transform will not be distorted at all.

[0212] Therefore, the observation width of the internal survey lines in the non-uniform line spacing beam seismic observation system is as follows:

[0213] L1≥1.5λ

[0214] L1 = (N R1 - 1) × L R1

[0215] In the formula, L1 is the internal receiving line observation width (m) of the non-uniform line spacing beam seismic, λ is the maximum interference wave wavelength (m) in the work area, N R1 is the number of internal receiving lines, and L R1 is the internal receiving line spacing.

[0216] Determine the observation width of the external receiving lines for seismic exploration within a preset area based on the internal receiving line spacing, the number of internal receiving lines, the first external receiving line spacing, the number of the first external receiving lines, the second external receiving line spacing, and the number of the second external receiving lines.

[0217] Optionally, the external survey lines of the equal-line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system gradually widen, which can meet the requirements of pre-stack depth migration velocity modeling. To balance the technicality and economy of the non-equal-line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system, the observation width should be greater than 1 km. Therefore, the observation width of the non-equal-line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system is as follows:

[0218] L = (N R1 - 1) × L R1 + N R2 × L R2 + N R3 × L R3

[0219] N R = N R1 + N R2 + N R3

[0220] In the formula, L is the observation width of the non-equal-line-spacing wire harness seismic observation (m), N R1 is the number of internal receiving lines, L R1 is the internal receiving line spacing (m), N R2 is the number of the first external receiving lines, L R2 is the first external receiving line spacing (m), N R3 is the number of the second external survey lines, L R3 is the second external receiving line spacing (m), N R is the total number of receiving lines.

[0221] When the observation width L of the non-equal-line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system, the total number of receiving lines N R of the internal survey lines, the first external survey lines, and the second external survey lines in the non-equal-line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system, R1 the number of internal survey lines N R1 the receiving line spacing L of the internal survey lines, R2 the receiving line spacing L of the first external survey lines, R3 and the receiving line spacing L of the second external survey lines are known, through the above two formulas, the number of the first external survey lines N R2 and the number of the second external survey lines N R3 can be calculated. That is, determine how many first external survey lines to place, what the distance between adjacent first external survey lines is, how many second external survey lines to place, and what the distance between adjacent second external survey lines is.

[0222] Alternatively, in the case where the observation width L of the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system and the number N of the first external survey lines R1 and the receiving line spacing L of the internal survey lines R1 are known, through the above first formula, the number N of the first external survey lines can be calculated R2 and the sum with the number N of the second external survey lines R3 can be obtained. Furthermore, through the above second formula, the total number of the internal survey lines, the first external survey lines, and the second external survey lines, that is, the number of survey lines N, can be calculated R . In this way, it is also possible to determine how many survey lines need to be arranged in total.

[0223] Then, based on the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing, a wire harness seismic observation system is established as follows: a wire harness seismic observation system is established according to the internal receiving line spacing, the first external receiving line spacing, the second external receiving line spacing, the internal receiving line observation width, and the external receiving line observation width.

[0224] Here, in the embodiments of the present application, the internal receiving line observation width is determined according to the internal receiving line spacing and the number of internal receiving lines, and the internal receiving line observation width is made greater than or equal to 1.5 times the maximum interference wave wavelength in the work area, so as to ensure that when the internal survey lines of the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic are densely arranged, the observation width meets the lateral identification of interference waves, meets the need for using the shot domain denoising method in data processing, and ensures that the frequency domain after Fourier transform is not distorted. According to the internal receiving line spacing, the number of internal receiving lines, the first external receiving line spacing, the number of first external receiving lines, the second external receiving line spacing, and the number of second external receiving lines, the external receiving line observation width for seismic exploration in the preset area is determined, so as to widen the external survey lines of the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic and meet the modeling requirements of the prestack depth migration velocity, thereby further improving the accuracy of seismic exploration.

[0225] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the maximum offset can be determined according to the requirements of meeting the target layer burial depth, dynamic correction stretching, and velocity analysis, and a wire harness seismic observation system is established through this maximum offset. The formula is as follows:

[0226] offset = max(offset1, offset2, offset3)

[0227] In the formula, offset1 is the first maximum offset (m) that meets the target layer burial depth requirement, offset2 is the second maximum offset (m) that meets the dynamic correction stretching requirement, and offset3 is the third maximum offset (m) that meets the velocity analysis requirement.

[0228] Among them, the method for determining the first maximum offset that meets the target layer burial depth requirement is as follows:

[0229] To meet the requirement of stable reflection coefficient, the maximum offset should be approximately equal to the burial depth of the main target layer. Based on information such as drilling data and geological interpretation results, the burial depth of the target layer is determined, and the formula for selecting the maximum offset is as follows:

[0230] offset1≈Depth

[0231] In the formula, offset1 is the maximum offset (m), and Depth is the burial depth of the main target layer (m).

[0232] Among them, the method for determining the second maximum offset that meets the requirements of dynamic correction stretching is as follows:

[0233] The effect of dynamic correction stretching will distort the reflected wave and affect the stacking effect of the section. Its influence degree increases as the ratio of the depth of the reflection interface to the shot-receiver distance decreases. Usually, the percentage of dynamic correction stretching is used to measure the waveform distortion caused by dynamic correction, that is, the percentage of dynamic correction stretching (F) = dynamic correction amount / two-way reflection time. Then, the formula for obtaining the maximum offset that meets the requirements of dynamic correction stretching from the approximate formula of the dynamic correction amount is:

[0234]

[0235] In the formula, offset2 is the maximum offset (m), t0 is the two-way reflection time of the target layer (s), v is the stacking velocity (m / s), and F is the percentage of dynamic correction stretching, not exceeding 12.5%.

[0236] Among them, the method for determining the third maximum offset that meets the requirements of velocity analysis is as follows:

[0237]

[0238] In the formula, offset3 is the maximum offset (m), k is the velocity analysis accuracy, and the accuracy error is less than 6%, v rms is the root-mean-square velocity (m / s), f dom is the dominant frequency of the target layer (Hz), and t0 is the two-way reflection time of the target layer (s).

[0239] Optionally, the embodiments of the present application can determine the number of arranged channels according to the maximum offset and the trace interval. The number of arranged channels refers to the number of receiving points in the survey line. Generally, the number of arranged channels of the internal survey line, the first external survey line, and the second external survey line is the same. The formula is as follows:

[0240]

[0241] In the formula, M R is the number of arranged channels, offset is the maximum offset (m), and R is the trace interval (m).

[0242] Optionally, before establishing the wire harness seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line distance and the external receiving line distance, it further includes:

[0243] Performing forward illumination analysis on a preset area to obtain the first coverage times and the first illumination energy of the preset area, where the first coverage times are the coverage times determined during two-dimensional seismic exploration of the preset area, and the first illumination energy is the illumination energy determined during two-dimensional seismic exploration of the preset area; determining the target coverage times for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the preset expected illumination energy, the preset proportionality coefficient, the first coverage times, and the first illumination energy.

[0244] Specifically, the method for determining the target coverage times is as follows:

[0245] Establish a two-dimensional numerical forward model based on two-dimensional seismic profiles, drilling information, geological information, etc. in the prior art. Figure 6 For a Hetianhe two-dimensional numerical forward model according to an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 6 shown, in the underground strata, L2-1 is the bottom interface of the Paleogene in the barrier zone, L5-2 is the top interface of the Carboniferous limestone, and L9-3 is the bottom interface of the Cambrian.

[0246] Adopt the two-dimensional survey line observation system in the prior art to perform forward illumination analysis based on geological targets to determine the illumination energy of each target layer in the work area. Figure 7 For a schematic diagram of the illumination result of a two-dimensional observation system in the prior art provided by an embodiment of the present application, see Figure 7 shown, 9095-5-10-5-9095, the shot interval is 70m, 130 times of coverage, and the illumination effects of L5-2 and L9-3 are not ideal. It is expected to increase the illumination energy in the area with a lower signal-to-noise ratio to the illumination energy in the higher area, and calculate the required number of coverages. Figure 8 For a schematic diagram of the illumination energy and the expected illumination energy of each target layer of a two-dimensional observation system in the prior art provided by an embodiment of the present application, see Figure 8 shown, where the curve (lighter color) of 3300-3800 is used to indicate L2-1, the curve (darker color) of 3400-4800 is used to indicate L5-2, and the curve (darkest color) of 3700-4600 is used to indicate L9-3.

[0247] That is to say, a two-dimensional numerical forward model is established based on the data of the two-dimensional survey line observation system in the prior art, the excitation points and receiving points are simulated and arranged indoors, and the illumination energy of each target layer in the work area is determined by simulating blasting indoors, and then the number of coverages is determined according to the determined illumination energy and the expected illumination energy.

[0248] That is

[0249]

[0250] In the formula, D is the target coverage times, D0 is the two-dimensional coverage times, E0 is the illumination energy of the two-dimensional observation system, E is the expected illumination energy, and n is the proportionality coefficient, which is related to the forward model.

[0251] Figure 9 The illumination result of a non-equal line-spacing wireline seismic observation system provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in Figure 7 As shown, 9095-5-10-5-9095, the shot interval is 10m, 910 times of coverage, and the illumination effects of L2-1, L5-2, and L9-3 are all greatly improved. It can be seen that the coverage times calculated by the non-equal line-spacing wireline seismic observation system in the above manner can greatly improve the illumination effect.

[0252] Figure 10 The comparison chart of the coverage times of a conventional wireline seismic observation system and a non-equal line-spacing wireline seismic observation system provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in Figure 10 As shown, the left half is the coverage times chart of the conventional wireline seismic observation system (19L4S664R), and the right half is the coverage times chart of the non-equal line-spacing wireline seismic observation system (19L4S664R). By comparison, it can be seen that the coverage times of the non-equal line-spacing wireline seismic observation system are significantly increased, and more seismic data can be obtained in the horizontal direction.

[0253] Then, according to the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing, establishing a wireline seismic observation system includes: establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing, the external receiving line spacing, and the target coverage times.

[0254] Here, through forward illumination analysis in an embodiment of the present application, the first coverage times and the first illumination energy of a preset area determined by a two-dimensional survey line observation system are obtained. According to the preset illumination energy, the first coverage times and the first illumination energy, the illumination energy in the low signal-to-noise ratio area can be increased to the illumination energy in the high signal-to-noise ratio area, so as to calculate the required coverage times.

[0255] Optionally, after determining the target coverage times for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the preset expected illumination energy, the preset proportionality coefficient, the first coverage times, and the first illumination energy, the number of shot points can also be calculated by covering the target coverage times. The above method further includes:

[0256] Determine the number of shot points for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the target coverage times and the single-line coverage times, and make the number of shot points and the number of arranged channels be odd and even to each other;

[0257] The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0258]

[0259] Among them, the determination method of the single-line coverage times D1 is as follows:

[0260]

[0261] In the formula, D1 is the single-line coverage times, M R is the number of arranged channels, S is the shot point distance (m), R is the channel distance (m), M S is the number of shot points, and D is the coverage times.

[0262] According to the internal receiving line distance and the external receiving line distance, establishing a wire bundle seismic observation system includes: According to the internal receiving line distance, the external receiving line distance, the target coverage times and the number of shot points, establishing a wire bundle seismic observation system.

[0263] Here, the embodiment of the present application can determine the number of shot points according to the target coverage times and the single-line coverage times, making the number of shot points and the number of arranged channels odd and even to each other, ensuring the balance and symmetry of the sampling of the wire bundle seismic observation system.

[0264] Optionally, after determining the shot line distance for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the channel distance, it further includes:

[0265] According to the full coverage length, the number of arranged channels, the channel distance and the shot line distance, determining the number of shot lines for seismic exploration in the preset area.

[0266] Among them, the specific calculation method is as follows:

[0267]

[0268] In the formula, N S is the number of shot lines, A is the full coverage length (m), M R is the number of arranged channels, R is the channel distance (m), L S is the shot line distance (m)

[0269] Correspondingly, according to the internal receiving line distance and the external receiving line distance, establishing a wire bundle seismic observation system includes:

[0270] According to the internal receiving line distance, the external receiving line distance, the channel distance, the shot point distance, the shot line distance and the number of shot lines, establishing a wire bundle seismic observation system.

[0271] Optionally, Figure 11 is a schematic flow chart of a method for establishing a wire bundle seismic observation system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 11 shown, the method includes:

[0272] S1101: Determine the channel distance under the conditions of meeting the requirements of lateral resolution, the highest aliasing-free frequency, and diffracted wave convergence.

[0273] S1102: Under the condition that the inner measurement lines are densely laid out and the outer measurement lines are gradually widened, determine the receiving line distance.

[0274] S1103: Make the shot point distance equal to the track distance.

[0275] S1104: Make the shot line distance equal to twice the track distance.

[0276] S1105: Determine the bin size based on the track distance, the receiving line distance, the shot point distance, and the shot line distance.

[0277] S1106: Determine the observation width under the condition that the requirements of shot volume denoising and pre-stack depth migration velocity modeling are met.

[0278] S1107: Determine the maximum offset distance under the conditions that the requirements of target layer burial depth, dynamic correction stretching, and velocity analysis are met.

[0279] S1108: Determine the number of arranged tracks according to the maximum offset and track spacing.

[0280] S1109: Determine the number of coverage times based on the forward lighting analysis of the geological target.

[0281] S1110: Determine the number of shot points according to the number of coverages and the number of single-line coverages.

[0282] S1111: Determine the number of shot lines based on the full coverage length, the number of arranged tracks, the track spacing, and the shot line spacing.

[0283] S1112: Establish a non-uniform line-spacing beam seismic observation system based on the receiving line spacing, track spacing, shot point spacing, shot line spacing, number of survey lines, number of arranged tracks, number of shot points, and number of shot lines.

[0284] Optionally, the data of receiving line spacing, trace spacing, shot point spacing, shot line spacing, survey line number, number of arranged traces, number of shot points, and number of shot lines determined in the above manner can be used to specifically arrange survey lines, shot lines, receiving points, and shot points in a non-uniformly spaced beam seismic observation system. After arranging survey lines, shot lines, receiving points, and shot points according to the receiving line spacing, trace spacing, shot point spacing, shot line spacing, survey line number, number of arranged traces, number of shot points, and number of shot lines, the non-uniformly spaced beam seismic observation system provided in the embodiments of the present application is obtained, and seismic exploration can be performed using the beam seismic observation system.

[0285] Figure 12 A structural diagram of another wire beam seismic observation system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 12 As shown, according to the receiving line distance L R1 、L R2 、L R3 , track distance R, shot point distance S, shot line distance L S , number of measurement lines N R, the number of arrangement lanes M R , the number of shot points M S , the number of shot lines N S , the specific placement requirements of the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system can be determined.

[0286] In order to illustrate that the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system provided by the embodiments of the present application can, without increasing the exploration cost, also solve the problems of low signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data, complex seismic wavelengths, large lateral velocity variations, and inaccurate geological imaging caused by the double complexity of the surface and subsurface in the piedmont zone, improve the quality of seismic data, achieve accurate imaging of complex geological structures in the piedmont zone, deepen geological understanding, and effectively guide the study of trap well positions. The non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system provided by the embodiments of the present application is applied to the piedmont of Qiulitage and the piedmont of Kunlun Mountains in the Tarim Basin. Figure 13-a This is an example diagram of the observation results of a non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system provided by an embodiment of the present application. It is the data obtained from the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system in front of the Kunlun Mountains, as Figure 13-a shown. From the data of the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system in front of the Kunlun Mountains in the figure, it can be seen that the non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system provided by the embodiments of the present application can obtain high-quality seismic data without increasing the exploration cost, and then perform accurate imaging of the geology.

[0287] Figure 13-b This is a comparison diagram of the pre-stack depth migration profiles of two-dimensional seismic and non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic in the prior art provided by an embodiment of the present application. Refer to Figure 13-b shown. The upper part is the pre-stack depth migration profile of two-dimensional seismic in the prior art, and the lower part is the pre-stack depth migration profile of non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic. By comparison, it can be seen that the pre-stack depth migration profile of non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic can image the underground strata more accurately.

[0288] As can be seen from the above, the method for establishing a wire harness seismic observation system provided by the embodiments of the present application arranges the survey lines, shot lines, receiving points, and shot points according to the receiving line spacing, trace spacing, shot point spacing, shot line spacing, number of survey lines, number of arrangement lanes, number of shot points, and number of shot lines, and can obtain a non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic observation system with survey lines becoming sparser from dense to sparse. Without changing the input quantity of the detection equipment, it can greatly increase the sampling width, improve the pre-stack depth migration velocity modeling ability, enable accurate pre-stack depth migration imaging, improve the imaging accuracy of complex geology, and improve the accuracy of seismic exploration.

[0289] Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram of a non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration device provided by an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 14As shown in the figure, the device according to the embodiment of the present application includes: an acquisition module 1401, a first determination module 1402, and a first processing module 1403. The non-equal line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration device here can be the above-mentioned processor 102 itself or a chip or integrated circuit that implements the functions of the processor 102. It should be noted here that the division of the acquisition module 1401, the first determination module 1402, and the first processing module 1403 is only a division of logical functions, and physically the two can be integrated or independent.

[0290] Among them, the acquisition module is used to acquire the reflected wave parameters and surface parameters within a preset area;

[0291] The first determination module is used to determine the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the reflected wave parameters and the surface parameters, where the internal receiving line spacing is less than the external receiving line spacing;

[0292] The first processing module is used to establish a wire harness seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing, and perform seismic exploration according to the wire harness seismic observation system.

[0293] Optionally, before the first determination module determines the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the reflected wave parameters and the surface parameters, the above device further includes:

[0294] The second determination module is used to determine the trace interval for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the reflected wave parameters and the surface parameters;

[0295] Correspondingly, the first determination module is specifically used to determine the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing according to the trace interval, where the internal receiving line spacing and the external receiving line spacing are respectively positively correlated with the trace interval.

[0296] Optionally, the external receiving line spacing includes a first external receiving line spacing and a second external receiving line spacing;

[0297] The first determination module is specifically used for:

[0298] Determine that the internal receiving line spacing is equal to the trace interval;

[0299] Determine that the first external receiving line spacing is equal to 2 times the trace interval;

[0300] Determine that the second external receiving line spacing is equal to 4 times the trace interval.

[0301] Optionally, the reflected wave parameters and the surface parameters include layer velocity, root-mean-square velocity, dominant frequency of the reflected wave, highest frequency of the reflected wave, and maximum dip angle of the target layer;

[0302] The second determination module is specifically used for:

[0303] Determine the first trace interval that meets the requirements of lateral resolution based on the interval velocity and reflected waves;

[0304] Determine the second trace interval that meets the requirements of the highest aliasing-free frequency based on the root-mean-square velocity, the highest frequency of the reflected waves, and the maximum dip angle of the target layer;

[0305] Determine the third trace interval that meets the requirements of diffraction wave migration imaging based on the root-mean-square velocity and the highest frequency of the reflected waves;

[0306] Determine the minimum trace interval among the first trace interval, the second trace interval, and the third trace interval as the trace interval for seismic exploration in the preset area.

[0307] Optionally, after the second determination module determines the trace interval for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the reflected wave parameters and surface parameters, the above device further includes:

[0308] A third determination module, configured to determine the shotpoint interval for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the trace interval, and make the shotpoint interval equal to the trace interval;

[0309] Correspondingly, the first processing module is specifically configured to establish a wire harness seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line interval, the external receiving line interval, the trace interval, and the shotpoint interval.

[0310] Optionally, after the third determination module determines the shotpoint interval for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the trace interval, and makes the shotpoint interval equal to the trace interval, the above device further includes:

[0311] A fourth determination module, configured to determine the shot line interval for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the trace interval, and make the shot line interval equal to 2 times the trace interval;

[0312] Correspondingly, the first processing module is specifically configured to establish a wire harness seismic observation system according to the internal receiving line interval, the external receiving line interval, the trace interval, the shotpoint interval, and the shot line interval.

[0313] Optionally, the reflected wave parameters in the preset area further include the maximum interference wave wavelength in the work area;

[0314] After the first determination module determines that the second external receiving line interval is equal to 4 times the trace interval, the above device further includes a fifth determination module, configured to: determine the number of internal receiving lines, the number of first external receiving lines, and the number of second external receiving lines for seismic exploration in the preset area;

[0315] Determine the internal receiving line observation width for seismic exploration in the preset area according to the internal receiving line interval and the number of internal receiving lines, and make the internal receiving line observation width greater than or equal to 1.5 times the maximum interference wave wavelength in the work area;

[0316] Determine the external receiver line observation width for seismic exploration within a preset area according to the internal receiver line spacing, the number of internal receiver lines, the first external receiver line spacing, the number of the first external receiver lines, the second external receiver line spacing, and the number of the second external receiver lines.

[0317] Correspondingly, the first processing module is specifically configured to: establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing, the first external receiver line spacing, the second external receiver line spacing, the internal receiver line observation width, and the external receiver line observation width.

[0318] Optionally, before the first processing module establishes a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing, the above device further includes:

[0319] A second processing module, configured to perform forward illumination analysis on the preset area to obtain the first coverage times and the first illumination energy of the preset area, where the first coverage times are the coverage times determined when performing two-dimensional seismic exploration on the preset area, and the first illumination energy is the illumination energy determined when performing two-dimensional seismic exploration on the preset area; determine the target coverage times for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the preset desired illumination energy, the preset proportionality coefficient, the first coverage times, and the first illumination energy;

[0320] The first processing module is specifically configured to establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing, the external receiver line spacing, and the target coverage times.

[0321] Optionally, after the second processing module determines the target coverage times for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the preset desired illumination energy, the preset proportionality coefficient, the first coverage times, and the first illumination energy, the above device further includes:

[0322] A sixth determination module, configured to determine the number of shot points for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the target coverage times and the single-line coverage times, and make the number of shot points and the number of arranged channels be odd and even to each other;

[0323] Correspondingly, the first processing module is specifically configured to: establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing, the external receiver line spacing, the target coverage times, and the number of shot points.

[0324] Optionally, after the fourth determination module determines the shot line spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the trace spacing, the above device further includes: a seventh determination module, configured to determine the number of shot lines for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the full coverage length, the number of arranged channels, the trace spacing, and the shot line spacing;

[0325] Correspondingly, the first determination module is specifically configured to establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing, the external receiver line spacing, the trace spacing, the shot point spacing, the shot line spacing, and the number of shot lines.

[0326] Figure 15 This is a schematic structural diagram of a non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and do not limit the implementation of the present application described and / or claimed herein.

[0327] As Figure 15 shown, the non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration device includes: a processor 1501 and a memory 1502. Each component is interconnected using different buses and can be installed on a common motherboard or otherwise installed as needed. The processor 1501 can process instructions executed within the non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration device, including instructions for graphic information stored in the memory or on the memory to be displayed on an external input / output device (such as a display device coupled to the interface). In other embodiments, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used together with multiple memories and multiple memories if needed. Figure 15 In the example, one processor 1501 is taken.

[0328] The memory 1502, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer-executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions / modules corresponding to the method of the non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration device in the embodiment of the present application (for example, the Figure 14 acquisition module 1401, the first determination module 1402, and the first processing module 1403 shown). The processor 1501 executes various functional applications and data processing of the server by running the non-transitory software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 1502, that is, implements the method of the non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration device in the above method embodiment.

[0329] The non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration device may further include: an input device 1503 and an output device 1504. The processor 1501, the memory 1502, the input device 1503, and the output device 1504 can be connected through a bus or other means, Figure 15 In the example, connection through a bus is taken.

[0330] The input device 1503 can receive input digital or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function controls of the non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration device, such as input devices like touchscreens, keypads, mice, or multiple mouse buttons, trackballs, joysticks, etc. The output device 1504 can be an output device such as a display device of the non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration device. The display device may include, but is not limited to, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light-emitting diode (LED) display, and a plasma display. In some embodiments, the display device can be a touchscreen.

[0331] The non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration device according to the embodiment of the present application can be used to execute the technical solutions in the above-mentioned method embodiments of the present application. The implementation principles and technical effects are similar and will not be elaborated here.

[0332] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement any of the above non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration methods.

[0333] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above non-uniform line-spacing wire harness seismic exploration method.

[0334] In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings or direct couplings or communication connections to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections of devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0335] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or they can be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0336] In addition, in each embodiment of the present application, the functional units can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of a combination of hardware and software functional units.

Claims

1. A non-equal line-spacing wire bundle seismic exploration method, characterized in that Including: Obtaining reflection wave parameters and surface parameters within a preset area; Determining the trace interval for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters; Determining the internal receiver line interval and the external receiver line interval for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the trace interval for seismic exploration within the preset area, wherein the internal receiver line interval is less than the external receiver line interval, and the internal receiver line interval and the external receiver line interval are respectively positively correlated with the trace interval; Establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line interval and the external receiver line interval, and performing seismic exploration according to the wireline seismic observation system; The external receiver line interval includes a first external receiver line interval and a second external receiver line interval; the determining of the internal receiver line interval and the external receiver line interval for seismic exploration within the preset area includes: Determining that the internal receiver line interval is equal to the trace interval; Determining that the first external receiver line interval is equal to 2 times the trace interval; Determining that the second external receiver line interval is equal to 4 times the trace interval.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters include interval velocity, root-mean-square velocity, main frequency of the reflection wave, highest frequency of the reflection wave, and maximum dip angle of the target layer; The determining of the trace interval for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters includes: Determining a first trace interval that meets the requirement of lateral resolution according to the interval velocity and the reflection wave; Determining a second trace interval that meets the requirement of the highest aliasing-free frequency according to the root-mean-square velocity, the highest frequency of the reflection wave, and the maximum dip angle of the target layer; Determining a third trace interval that meets the requirement of diffraction wave migration imaging according to the root-mean-square velocity and the highest frequency of the reflection wave; Determining the minimum trace interval among the first trace interval, the second trace interval, and the third trace interval as the trace interval for seismic exploration within the preset area.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein After the determining of the trace interval for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the reflection wave parameters and the surface parameters, it further includes: Determining the shotpoint interval for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the trace interval, and making the shotpoint interval equal to the trace interval; Determining the shot line interval for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the trace interval, and making the shot line interval equal to 2 times the trace interval; Correspondingly, the establishing of the wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line interval and the external receiver line interval includes: Establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line interval, the external receiver line interval, the trace interval, the shotpoint interval, and the shot line interval.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reflection wave parameters within the preset area further include the maximum interference wave wavelength in the work area; After the determining that the second external receiver line interval is equal to 4 times the trace interval, it further includes: Determining the number of internal receiver lines, the number of first external receiver lines, and the number of second external receiver lines for seismic exploration within the preset area; Determining the internal receiver line observation width for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the internal receiver line interval and the number of internal receiver lines, and making the internal receiver line observation width greater than or equal to 1.5 times the maximum interference wave wavelength in the work area; Determine the external receiver line observation width for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the internal receiver line spacing, the number of internal receiver lines, the first external receiver line spacing, the number of the first external receiver lines, the second external receiver line spacing, and the number of the second external receiver lines; Correspondingly, establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing includes: Establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing, the first external receiver line spacing, the second external receiver line spacing, the internal receiver line observation width, and the external receiver line observation width.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein Before establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing, it further includes: Perform forward illumination analysis on the preset area to obtain the first coverage times and the first illumination energy of the preset area, where the first coverage times are the coverage times determined when performing 2D seismic exploration in the preset area, and the first illumination energy is the illumination energy determined when performing 2D seismic exploration in the preset area; Determine the target coverage times for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the preset expected illumination energy, the preset proportionality coefficient, the first coverage times, and the first illumination energy; Determine the number of shot points for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the target coverage times and the single-line coverage times, and make the number of shot points and the number of arrangement channels be odd and even to each other; Correspondingly, establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing includes: Establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing, the external receiver line spacing, the target coverage times, and the number of shot points.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, After determining the shot line spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the trace spacing, it further includes: Determine the number of shot lines for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the full coverage length, the number of arrangement channels, the trace spacing, and the shot line spacing; Correspondingly, the establishing a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing includes: Establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing, the external receiver line spacing, the trace spacing, the shot point spacing, the shot line spacing, and the number of shot lines.

7. A non-equal line-spacing wire bundle seismic exploration device, characterized in that, Includes: An acquisition module, configured to acquire the reflected wave parameters and surface parameters within the preset area; A second determination module, configured to determine the trace spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the reflected wave parameters and the surface parameters; A first determination module, configured to determine the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area according to the trace spacing for seismic exploration within the preset area, where the internal receiver line spacing is less than the external receiver line spacing, the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing are respectively positively correlated with the trace spacing, and the external receiver line spacing includes a first external receiver line spacing and a second external receiver line spacing; A first processing module, configured to establish a wireline seismic observation system according to the internal receiver line spacing and the external receiver line spacing, and perform seismic exploration according to the wireline seismic observation system; The first determination module is specifically configured to determine that the internal receiving line distance is equal to the trace distance; determine that the first external receiving line distance is equal to 2 times the trace distance; determine that the second external receiving line distance is equal to 4 times the trace distance.

8. A non-equal line-spacing wire bundle seismic exploration device, characterized in that, It includes: at least one processor and a memory; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the at least one processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the at least one processor executes the non-equal line distance wire harness seismic exploration method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Computer-executable instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the non-equal line distance wire harness seismic exploration method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, comprising computer-executable instructions, characterized in that, When the computer-executable instructions are executed by the processor, the non-equal line distance wire harness seismic exploration method according to any one of claims 1-6 is implemented.

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