helmet

Abstract

A helmet (1) comprises: an outer shell (2); a head fixture (20) configured to conform to a wearer's head; and a plurality of connectors (25), each connector being disposed between the outer shell and the head fixture, and each connector being connected to the outer shell and the head fixture; wherein the connectors are configured to suspend the head fixture within the outer shell so that an air gap is provided between the head fixture and the outer shell in use; wherein each of the connectors has a first connection point connected to the outer shell and a second connection point connected to the head fixture; and at least one connector is configured such that under a tensile load between the first connection point and the second connection point, the connector extends with a first elastic modulus up to a threshold extension and extends with a second elastic modulus beyond the threshold extension.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to helmets. Background Art

[0002] As is well known, helmets are used for various activities. These activities include combat and industrial purposes, for example, protective helmets for soldiers and hard hats or helmets used by construction workers, miners or industrial machinery operators. Helmets are also common in sports activities. For example, protective helmets can be used for ice hockey, cycling, motorcycle sports, motor racing, sled skiing (skiing), snowboarding, skating, skateboarding, equestrian activities, American football, baseball, rugby, football, cricket, lacrosse, mountaineering, golf, air gun shooting, roller derby (roller derby) and paintball.

[0003] The helmet can be fixed size or adjustable to accommodate heads of different sizes and shapes. In some types of helmets, for example, typically in ice hockey helmets, the outer and inner dimensions of the helmet can be changed by moving the parts of the helmet to provide adjustability. This can be achieved by a helmet with two or more parts that can move relative to each other. In other cases, for example, typically in helmets for cycling, the helmet is provided with an attachment device for fixing the helmet to the user's head, and the attachment device can change the size to accommodate the user's head while the main body or shell of the helmet remains the same size. In some cases, a comfort pad in the helmet can serve as an attachment device. The attachment device can also be provided in the form of multiple physically separated parts, such as multiple comfort pads that are not interconnected. This attachment device for fixing the helmet on the user's head can be used with an additional strap (e.g., a chin strap) to further fix the helmet in place. Combinations of these adjustment mechanisms are also possible.

[0004] Helmets are usually made of an outer shell that is usually very hard and made of plastic or composite materials and an energy absorbing layer often called an inner liner. In other arrangements, such as rugby scrum helmets, the helmet may not have a hard outer shell, and the helmet as a whole may be flexible. In any case today, the design of protective helmets must meet certain legal requirements, which are particularly related to the maximum acceleration that may occur at the center of gravity of the brain under a specified load. Typically, tests are conducted in which it is known that a model skull equipped with a helmet is subjected to a radial impact toward the head. This results in modern helmets having good energy absorption capacity in the case of radial impacts on the skull. Progress has also been made in developing helmets (e.g., WO2001 / 045526 and WO2011 / 139224, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference), to reduce the energy transmitted from oblique impacts (i.e., it combines tangential and radial components) by absorbing or dissipating rotational energy and / or redirecting it to translational energy rather than rotational energy.

[0005] This oblique impact (without protection) causes translational acceleration of the brain and angular acceleration. The angular acceleration causes the brain to rotate within the skull, causing damage to the body parts connecting the brain and skull, as well as to the brain itself.

[0006] Examples of rotational injuries include mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), such as concussion, and severe traumatic brain injury (STBI), such as subdural haematoma (SDH), hemorrhage due to vascular rupture, and diffuse axonal injury (DAI), which can be summarized as excessive stretching of nerve fibers due to high shear deformation in brain tissue.

[0007] Depending on the characteristics of the rotational force, such as duration, magnitude, and rate of increase, a concussion, SDH, DAI, or a combination of these injuries may be sustained. In general, SDH occurs in the case of accelerations of short duration and high magnitude, while DAI occurs in the case of acceleration loads of longer duration and more generalization.

[0008] In helmets that may reduce rotational energy transferred to the brain resulting from oblique impacts, such as those disclosed in WO2001 / 045526 and WO2011 / 139224, two portions of the helmet may be configured to slide relative to each other at a sliding interface following an oblique impact.

[0009] In some helmets, the head attachment device is suspended within and separate from the hard outer shell. Such helmets can be simple and inexpensive to manufacture, and provide adequate protection against radial impacts for certain helmet uses. However, it may be desirable to improve the performance of such helmets, for example in the event of an oblique impact, preferably without significantly increasing manufacturing cost and / or effort. Summary of the invention

[0010] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a helmet, comprising:

[0011] shell;

[0012] a head mount configured to conform to a wearer's head; and

[0013] a plurality of connectors, each connector being disposed between the housing and the head fixture, and each connector being connected to the housing and the head fixture;

[0014] wherein the connector is configured to suspend the head mount within the housing such that, in use, an air gap is provided between the head mount and the housing;

[0015] wherein each of the connecting members has a first connection point connected to the housing and a second connection point connected to the head fixing member; and

[0016] At least one connector is configured such that under a tensile load between the first connection point and the second connection point, the connector extends with a first modulus of elasticity up to a threshold extension and extends with a second modulus of elasticity beyond the threshold extension.

[0017] In one arrangement, the second modulus of elasticity is higher than the first modulus of elasticity.

[0018] In one arrangement, the second modulus of elasticity is lower than the first modulus of elasticity.

[0019] In one arrangement, the at least one connection is configured such that under a tensile load between the first connection point and the second connection point, the connection extends beyond a second threshold extension at a third elastic modulus; and

[0020] The third elastic modulus is higher than the second elastic modulus.

[0021] In one arrangement, at least one modulus of elasticity of the connector is lower than at least one of the housing and the head mount.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a helmet, comprising:

[0023] shell;

[0024] a head mount configured to conform to a wearer's head; and

[0025] a plurality of connectors, each connector being disposed between the housing and the head fixture, and each connector being connected to the housing and the head fixture;

[0026] wherein the connector is configured to suspend the head mount within the housing such that, in use, an air gap is provided between the head mount and the housing; and

[0027] The connector has a lower modulus of elasticity than at least one of the housing and the head mount.

[0028] In one arrangement, the connectors are each integrally formed as a single component.

[0029] In one arrangement, the connector is formed from an elastomer.

[0030] In one arrangement, the connector is removably connected to at least one of the housing and the head mount.

[0031] In one arrangement, the connector is connected to at least one of the housing and the head mount by a mechanical connection that does not require separate fasteners.

[0032] In one arrangement, the connector is connected to at least one of the housing and the head mount by at least one of a snap-fit ​​connection, an interference fit connection, and a rotational engagement connection.

[0033] In one arrangement, the head mount is connected to the housing by 4 or 6 connectors.

[0034] In one arrangement, at least two of the connectors are configured to provide anchor points for the chin strap.

[0035] In one arrangement, the first connection point is configured to prevent rotation relative to the housing.

[0036] In one arrangement, the second connection point is rotatable relative to the housing about the first connection point by deformation of the connector.

[0037] In one arrangement, the connector includes at least one limb between the first connection point and the second connection point, the limb being non-straight when there is no load on the connector; and

[0038] Extension of the connector at one modulus of elasticity corresponds to the at least one limb being deformed to be straight, and extension of the connector at a different modulus of elasticity corresponds to the at least one limb being stretched.

[0039] In one arrangement, the connector further comprises at least one limb between the first connection point and the second connection point, the limb being straight when there is no load on the connector.

[0040] In one arrangement, the threshold extension is an increase in the separation between the first connection point and the second connection point by at least 10 mm.

[0041] In one arrangement, the head mount includes a plurality of straps extending across the top of the wearer's head and between an opposing pair of connectors.

[0042] In one arrangement, the modulus of elasticity of the strap forming the head mount is higher than the modulus of elasticity of the connector.

[0043] In one arrangement, in the absence of an impact helmet, the spacing between the shell and the head mount at a position corresponding to the top of the wearer's head provided by the air gap is at least 10 mm, optionally at least 15 mm, optionally at least 20 mm, optionally at least 30 mm, optionally at least 40 mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0045] Figure 1 depicts a cross section of a helmet for providing protection against oblique impacts;

[0046] Figure 2 To show Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the working principle of the helmet in FIG.

[0047] Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3C Shows Figure 1 Variations of the structure of the helmet;

[0048] Figure 4 and Figure 5 Another arrangement of the helmet is schematically depicted;

[0049] Figure 6 Another arrangement of the helmet is depicted schematically in section;

[0050] Figure 7 Describes the basis Figure 6 The interior of an example of a helmet arranged as depicted;

[0051] Figure 8 and Fig. 9 Describes the use Figure 6 A connection piece for a helmet arranged as depicted in;

[0052] Fig.10 Depicts the connector when connected to the head mount, e.g. Fig. 9 The connectors depicted in;

[0053] Fig.11 depicts the connector under tensile load, e.g. Fig. 9 The connectors depicted in ; and

[0054] Figures 12 to 23 An alternative arrangement of connections for a helmet is depicted.

[0055] The proportions of the thickness of the various layers in the helmet depicted in the figures are exaggerated in the drawings for the sake of clarity and may of course be adjusted according to needs and requirements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] Figure 1 A first helmet 1 of the type discussed in WO 01 / 45526 is depicted, intended to provide protection against oblique impacts. This type of helmet may be any of the types discussed above.

[0057] The protective helmet 1 is constructed with an outer shell 2 and an inner shell 3 arranged inside the outer shell 2 for contacting with the head of a wearer.

[0058] A sliding layer 4 (also referred to as a sliding facilitator or low friction layer) is provided between the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3, which can enable displacement between the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3. In particular, as described below, the sliding layer 4 or sliding facilitator can be configured so that sliding can occur between the two components during an impact. For example, it can be configured to be able to slide under the action of forces associated with an impact on the helmet 1, which impact is expected to be non-lethal to the wearer of the helmet 1. In some arrangements, it may be desirable to configure the sliding layer 4 so that the coefficient of friction is between 0.001 and 0.3 and / or below 0.15.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, one or more connecting members 5 may be provided at the edge portion of the helmet 1, which connect the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 to each other. In some arrangements, the connecting member may offset the mutual displacement between the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 by absorbing energy. However, this is not required. Moreover, even in the presence of this feature, the amount of energy absorbed is generally minimal compared to the energy absorbed by the inner shell 3 during an impact. In other arrangements, the connecting member 5 may not exist at all.

[0060] Furthermore, the positions of these connecting members 5 may be varied (eg, disposed away from the edge portion, with the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 connected via the sliding layer 4).

[0061] The housing 2 is preferably relatively thin and strong to withstand various types of impacts. For example, the housing 2 may be made of a polymer material such as polycarbonate (PC), polyvinylchloride (PVC) or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Advantageously, the polymer material may be fiber reinforced, using materials such as glass fiber, Aramid, Twaron, carbon fiber or Kevlar.

[0062] The inner shell 3 is relatively thick and acts as an energy absorbing layer. It is therefore able to cushion or absorb impacts to the head. It can advantageously be made of a foam material, such as expanded polystyrene (EPS), expanded polypropylene (EPP), expanded polyurethane (EPU), vinyl nitrile foam; or other materials forming a honeycomb structure, for example; or polyurethane foam such as Poron foam. TM and D3O TM The strain rate sensitive foam is sold under the brand name TEFLON®. The construction can be varied in different ways, for example in the following with multiple layers of different materials.

[0063] The inner shell 3 is designed to absorb the energy of an impact. Other elements of the helmet 1 will absorb this energy to a limited extent (e.g. the hard outer shell 2 or so-called "comfort liners" provided within the inner shell 3), but this is not their primary purpose and their contribution to energy absorption is minimal compared to the energy absorption of the inner shell 3. Indeed, while some other elements, such as the comfort liner, may be made of "compressible" materials and otherwise be considered "energy absorbing", it is well known in the helmet art that a compressible material is not necessarily "energy absorbing" in the sense of absorbing a significant amount of energy during an impact for the purpose of reducing injury to the helmet wearer.

[0064] Many different materials and embodiments can be used as sliding layer 4 or sliding promoter, for example oil, Teflon (Teflon), microspheres, air, rubber, polycarbonate (PC), fabric materials such as felt etc. Such layer can have a thickness of about 0.1-5mm, but other thicknesses can also be used, depending on the selected material and required performance. The number of sliding layers and their positions can also vary, and such an example is discussed below (with reference to Figure 3b).

[0065] As connecting member 5, for example, a deformable plastic strip or metal strip can be used which is anchored in the outer shell and the inner shell in a suitable manner.

[0066] Figure 2 The working principle of the protective helmet 1 is shown, wherein the helmet 1 and the skull 10 of the wearer are assumed to be semi-cylindrical, wherein the skull 10 is mounted on a longitudinal axis 11. When the helmet 1 is subjected to an oblique impact K, torsional forces and torques are transmitted to the skull 10. The impact force K generates a tangential force K on the protective helmet 1 T and radial force K R In this particular case, only the tangential force K of the helmet rotation T and its impact are worthy of attention.

[0067] It can be seen that the force K causes a displacement 12 of the outer shell 2 relative to the inner shell 3, causing the connecting member 5 to deform. With such an arrangement a significant reduction in the torsional forces transmitted to the skull 10 can be obtained. A typical reduction may be about 25%, but in some cases a reduction of up to 90% is possible. This is a result of the sliding movement between the inner shell 3 and the outer shell 2 reducing the amount of energy transmitted to the radial acceleration.

[0068] Sliding motion may also occur in the circumferential direction of the protective helmet 1, although this is not depicted. This may be the result of a circumferential angular rotation between the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 (i.e., during an impact, the outer shell 2 may rotate relative to the inner shell 3 at a circumferential angle).

[0069] Other arrangements of the protective helmet 1 are also possible. Some possible variations are shown in Figure 3. In Figure 3a, the inner shell 3 consists of a relatively thin outer layer 3" and a relatively thick inner layer 3'. The outer layer 3" is preferably harder than the inner layer 3' to help promote sliding relative to the outer shell 2. In Figure 3b, the inner shell 3 is constructed in the same way as in Figure 3a. However, in this case, there are two sliding layers 4 with an intermediate shell 6 between them. If necessary, the two sliding layers 4 can behave differently and be made of different materials. For example, one possibility is that the friction of the outer sliding layer is lower than the friction of the inner sliding layer. In Figure 3c, the outer shell 2 behaves differently than before. In this case, the harder outer layer 2" covers the softer inner layer 2'. For example, the inner layer 2' can be the same material as the inner shell 3.

[0070] Figure 4 A second helmet 1 of the type discussed in WO 2011 / 139224 is depicted, which also serves to provide protection against oblique impacts. This type of helmet may also be any type of helmet discussed above.

[0071] exist Figure 4 In the embodiment, the helmet 1 comprises an energy absorbing layer 3, which is similar to Figure 1 The outer surface of the energy absorbing layer 3 may be provided by the same material as the energy absorbing layer 3 (ie, there may be no additional outer shell), or the outer surface may be equivalent to Figure 1 The rigid shell 2 of the outer shell 2 of the helmet shown (see Figure 5 ). In that case, the rigid shell 2 may be made of a different material than the energy absorbing layer 3. Figure 4 The helmet 1 has a plurality of ventilation openings 7 (which are optional) extending through the energy absorbing layer 3 and the outer shell 2 to allow air flow through the helmet 1 .

[0072] An interface layer 13 (also referred to as an attachment means) is provided to connect with the wearer's head (and / or to attach the helmet 1 to the wearer's head). As previously mentioned, this may be desirable when the dimensions of the energy absorbing layer 3 and the rigid shell 2 cannot be adjusted, as it allows different sized heads to be accommodated by adjusting the dimensions of the attachment means 13. The attachment means 13 may be made of an elastic or semi-elastic polymer material (such as PC, ABS, PVC or PTFE) or a natural fiber material (such as cotton). For example, a fabric cap or mesh may form the attachment means 13.

[0073] Although the attachment means 13 is shown as comprising a headband portion with other strip portions extending from the front, back, left and right sides, the specific configuration of the attachment means 13 may vary depending on the configuration of the helmet. In some cases, the attachment means may be more like a continuous (shaped) sheet, possibly with holes or gaps, such as corresponding to the locations of the vents 7, to allow air to flow through the helmet.

[0074] Figure 4 Also depicted is an optional adjustment means 6 for adjusting the diameter of the headband of the attachment means 13 for a particular wearer. In other arrangements, the headband may be an elastic headband, in which case the adjustment means 6 may be excluded.

[0075] Radially inside the energy absorbing layer 3 a sliding facilitator 4 is provided. The sliding facilitator 4 is adapted to slide against the energy absorbing layer or against attachment means 13 provided for attaching the helmet to the head of a wearer.

[0076] The sliding promoter 4 is arranged to assist the energy absorbing layer 3 to slide relative to the attachment means 13 in the same manner as described above. The sliding promoter 4 may be a material having a low coefficient of friction, or may be coated with such a material.

[0077] Therefore, in Figure 4 In the helmet, the sliding facilitating member 8 may be arranged on the innermost side of the energy absorbing layer 3 or integrated with the innermost side of the energy absorbing layer 3 , facing the attachment device 13 .

[0078] However, for the same purpose of providing slidability between the energy absorbing layer 3 and the attachment device 13, it is also conceivable that the sliding facilitator 4 can be provided on or integrated with the outer surface of the attachment device 13. That is, in a specific arrangement, the attachment device 13 itself can be adapted to serve as the sliding facilitator 4 and can include a low friction material.

[0079] In other words, the sliding facilitator 4 is arranged radially inside the energy absorbing layer 3. The sliding facilitator may also be arranged radially outside the attachment device 13.

[0080] When the attachment means 13 is formed as a cap or a web (as described above), the slide facilitator 4 may be provided as a patch of low friction material.

[0081] The low friction material can be a waxy polymer, such as PTFE, ABS, PVC, PC, nylon, PFA, EEP, PE and UHMWPE, or a powdered material that can be injected with a lubricant. The low friction material can be a fabric material. As discussed, this low friction material can be applied to either or both of the sliding facilitating member and the energy absorbing layer.

[0082] The attachment device 13 may be fixed to the energy absorbing layer 3 and / or the housing 2 by means of a fixing member 5, such as Figure 4 The four fixing members 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d in the embodiment of the present invention are shown in Figure 1. These can be adapted to absorb energy by deforming in an elastic, semi-elastic or plastic manner. However, this is not essential. Moreover, even in the presence of this feature, the amount of energy absorbed is generally very small compared to the energy absorbed by the energy absorbing layer 3 during an impact.

[0083] according to Figure 4 In the arrangement shown, the four fixed members 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d are suspension members 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, having a first part 8 and a second part 9, wherein the first part 8 of the suspension members 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d is suitable for being fixed to the attachment device 13, and the second part 9 of the suspension members 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d is suitable for being fixed to the energy absorbing layer 3.

[0084] Figure 5 Shows something like Figure 4 The arrangement of the helmet when worn on the wearer's head. Figure 5 The helmet 1 comprises a hard outer shell 2 made of a different material than the energy absorbing layer 3. Figure 4 Different, in Figure 5 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 , the attachment device 13 is fixed to the energy absorbing layer 3 by means of two fixing members 5 a , 5 b , which are adapted to absorb energy and forces elastically, semi-elastically or plastically.

[0085] Figure 5A frontal oblique impact I is shown which produces a rotational force on the helmet. The oblique impact I causes the energy absorbing layer 3 to slide relative to the attachment device 13. The attachment device 13 is fixed to the energy absorbing layer 3 by fixing members 5a, 5b. For the sake of clarity, although only two such fixing members are shown, in fact there may be many such fixing members. The fixing member 5 can absorb the rotational force by elastic or semi-elastic deformation. In other arrangements, the deformation may be plastic and even cause one or more fixing members 5 to break. In the case of plastic deformation, at least the fixing member 5 needs to be replaced after the impact. In some cases, a combination of plastic deformation and elastic deformation may occur in the fixing member 5, that is, some fixing members 5 break, plastically absorb energy, while other fixing members deform elastically and absorb force.

[0086] Usually, in Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the helmet, during the impact, the energy absorbing layer 3 is Figure 1 The inner shell of the helmet acts as an impact absorber by compression in the same manner. If an outer shell 2 is used, it will help to disperse the impact energy on the energy absorbing layer 3. The sliding promoter 4 will also allow sliding between the attachment device and the energy absorbing layer. This allows energy to be dissipated in a controlled manner, which would otherwise be transmitted to the brain as rotational energy. The energy can be dissipated through frictional heat, deformation of the energy absorbing layer, or deformation or displacement of the fixing member. The reduced energy transmission leads to reduced rotational acceleration affecting the brain, thereby reducing the rotation of the brain within the skull. The risk of rotational injuries including MTBI and STBI, such as subdural hematoma, SDH, vascular rupture, concussion and DAI is thereby reduced.

[0087] Figure 6 Schematically depicts the Figures 1 to 5 The cross-sections of the different types of helmets depicted in Figure 6 In the helmet 1 depicted in FIG, a head fixture 20 is suspended within the shell 2 so that an air gap 21 is provided between the shell 2 and the head fixture 20. This type of helmet is typically used for industrial purposes, such as by construction workers, miners or industrial machinery operators. However, helmets based on this arrangement can be used for other purposes. In some applications, for example, the shell 2 can be a hard shell made of a polymer material, such as polycarbonate (PC), polyvinylchloride (PVC), high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or acrylonitrile butadienestyrene (ABS). Advantageously, the polymer material can be fiber reinforced, using materials such as glass fiber, aramid, para-aramid (Twaron), carbon fiber or Kevlar.

[0088] Although the following disclosure relates to examples of helmets 1 in which the outer shell 2 is formed solely of a hard shell, it should be understood that the disclosed arrangements may be applicable to other helmet configurations. For example, the outer shell may alternatively or additionally include a layer of energy absorbing material. For example, such energy absorbing material may be made of a foam material, such as expanded polystyrene (EPS), expanded polypropylene (EPP), expanded polyurethane (EPU), vinyl nitrile foam; or other materials formed into a honeycomb structure; or a layer of polyurethane such as Poron foam. TM and D3O TM Strain rate sensitive foam sold under the brand name.

[0089] In use, the layer of energy absorbing material may be provided as a shell on substantially all of the surface of the hard shell facing the wearer's head, although ventilation holes may be provided. Alternatively or additionally, a localized area of ​​energy absorbing material may be provided between the hard shell and the head mount. For example, a band of energy absorbing material may be provided around the lower edge of the hard shell and / or a section of energy absorbing material may be provided to be located above the top of the wearer's head.

[0090] In such Figure 6 In the helmet depicted in FIG, an air gap 21 is provided between the inner surface of the shell 2 and the head mount 20 for ensuring that the load caused by an impact to the shell 2 is spread to the wearer's head. In particular, the load is not confined to the wearer's head at points adjacent to the point of impact on the helmet 1. Instead, the load is spread to the shell 2 and subsequently to the head mount 20 and, therefore, to the wearer's skull.

[0091] During such an impact, the energy of the impact can be absorbed by deformation of parts of the helmet (such as the head fixture), thereby reducing the size of the air gap. Therefore, the size of the air gap 21 between the shell 2 and the head fixture 20 can be selected to ensure that, under the impact to the helmet that the helmet is designed to withstand, the head fixture 20 does not contact the shell 2, that is, the air gap 21 is not completely eliminated, so that the impact can be directly transmitted from the hard shell to the head fixture.

[0092] In one arrangement, the helmet 1 may be configured such that, in the absence of an impact on the helmet, the spacing between the shell 2 and the head fixture 20 at a position corresponding to the top of the wearer's head is at least 10 mm, optionally at least 15 mm, optionally at least 20 mm, optionally at least 30 mm, optionally at least 40 mm. The size of the impact that the helmet 1 is designed to withstand, and therefore the size of the air gap 21, may depend on the intended use of the helmet 1. It will be appreciated that the size of the air gap 21 may be different at different locations depending on the intended use of the helmet. For example, the air gap 21 may be smaller at the front, back or side of the helmet than at a position corresponding to the top of the wearer's head.

[0093] In helmet arrangements that include energy absorbing material, the energy absorbing material may contribute to the ability of the helmet to withstand radial impacts. In particular, in arrangements where the energy absorbing material is located within the air gap between the shell 2 and the head fixture 20, corresponding to the top of the wearer's head, it will be appreciated that the gap between the head fixture and the surface of the energy absorbing layer will be smaller than the gap between the shell and the head fixture, and may be eliminated entirely. Furthermore, due to the effect of the energy absorbing material in the event of a radial impact, a smaller gap may be required between the shell and the head fixture than would be required without the energy absorbing material.

[0094] The head fixture 20 may be provided in any form: it may conform to the wearer's head or at least the top of their head, and mount the helmet to the wearer's head or be used to assist in mounting the helmet to the wearer's head. In some configurations, it may assist in securing the helmet 1 to the wearer's head, however, this is not required. In some arrangements, the head fixture 20 may include a headband or head ring that at least partially surrounds the wearer's head. Alternatively or additionally, the head fixture 20 may include one or more straps that extend across the top of the wearer's head. Alternatively or additionally, the head fixture 20 may include a cap or shell that encapsulates the upper part of the wearer's head. The strap or band that forms part of the head fixture may be made of nylon. Alternatively or additionally, other materials may be used.

[0095] like Figure 6As shown, the head fixture 20 includes a plurality of connectors 25, which are arranged between the shell 2 and the head fixture 20 and are configured to suspend the head fixture 20 within the shell 2, thereby providing an air gap 21 between the shell 2 and the head fixture 20. It should be understood that in the case where the head fixture 20 is formed by multiple parts, such as a headband, a belt extending across the top of the wearer's head and / or a hat or shell, it may be sufficient to connect one of these components to the shell via a connector. Alternatively, different elements of the head fixture 20 may have their own connectors. In this case, the connectors 25 for different parts of the head fixture 20 may be the same, or may be different from each other.

[0096] In one arrangement, the connector 25 may be configured to be relatively elastic, i.e. have a lower modulus of elasticity than the housing 2 and / or the head mount 20. For the avoidance of doubt, reference to the modulus of elasticity of a component refers to the ratio of the force applied to the component to the extension caused by the force over a given range of extension. It will be appreciated that for a component formed from a plurality of elements, this may be different to the modulus of elasticity of the bulk material from which it is formed.

[0097] By connecting the head mount 20 to the housing 2 using a relatively resilient connection 25, the housing 2 can rotate relative to the head mount 20 in response to an impact, thereby providing a more flexible and manageable housing. Figures 1 to 5 The arrangement depicted in the figure provides corresponding benefits in terms of impact energy discussed above. Depending on the intended use of the helmet and the configuration of the helmet and the connector 25, the shell 2 may be able to rotate relative to the head mount 20 about different axes, such as an axis extending generally from the front to the back of the wearer's head, an axis extending generally from one side of the wearer's head to the other side, and an axis extending generally parallel to the wearer's spine. Appropriate design of the helmet and connector 25 can control the rotation of the shell 2 about different axes relative to the head mount 20 in response to different impacts.

[0098] Figure 7 It shows that Figure 6 A view of the interior of a helmet of an example of the depicted arrangement. In the example shown, the outer shell 2 is formed of a relatively hard material. It may be formed integrally as a single element, such as by injection molding. The head mount 20 is formed by a combination of a headband 30 configured to partially surround the wearer's head and a pair of straps 31 connected to the headband 30. Each of the straps 31 is configured to extend across the top of the wearer's head.

[0099] In one arrangement, Figure 7 As depicted in , each strap 31 extends between an opposing pair of connectors 25 that connect the head mount 20 to the housing 2. Figure 7In the depicted arrangement, the helmet 1 has four connectors 25 between the head mount 20 and the shell 2, which is sufficient to provide a secure and stable connection between the head mount 20 and the shell 2. It should be understood that in other arrangements, a greater number of connectors 25, such as six or eight connectors 25, may be used.

[0100] In an arrangement where the head mount 20 is connected to the shell 2 via six connectors 25, it will be appreciated that if the head mount 20 includes a strap 31 extending across the top of the wearer's head, then the head mount 20 may include three straps 31. Similarly, an arrangement having eight connectors 25 may have four straps 31, etc. In such an arrangement, the straps 31 may extend between opposing pairs of connectors 25. A greater number of connectors 25 and associated straps 31 may be provided, but, in general, it may be desirable to minimize the number of connectors 25 to minimize the cost of manufacturing the helmet 1.

[0101] In one arrangement, where different straps 31 are close to each other, such as at the top of the wearer's head, the straps 31 may not be connected to each other, thereby allowing some movement of one strap relative to another. In other arrangements, the straps may be connected to each other at the location where they cross. In further arrangements, the head mount may include one or more straps that extend from a connection point to the rest of the helmet 1 to a point where it connects to other straps, such as at a location corresponding to the top of the head of the wearer of the helmet.

[0102] In one arrangement, the strap extending across the top of the wearer's head may be stiffer than the connector 25 , ie have a lower modulus of elasticity than the connector 25 .

[0103] Figure 8 and Fig. 9 Describes the Figure 6 and Figure 7 An example of a connector 25 used in the arrangement depicted in FIG. In one arrangement, each connector 25 can be integrally formed as a single element, i.e., not formed from separate components that need to be assembled to form the connector 25. Configuring the connector 25 to be integrally formed as a single element can significantly reduce the cost of manufacturing the helmet compared to an arrangement in which each connector is formed from an assembly of components. Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The connector 25 depicted in FIG. 2 can be formed in a single step, for example, by injection molding. However, it is understood that one or more finishing steps may also be required in the manufacture of the connector 25.

[0104] The connector 25 may be formed of any material having a suitable modulus of elasticity. In one arrangement, the connector 25 may be formed of an elastomer. This may be a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), and may be a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Other polymers with plasticizers may also be used. In one arrangement, the connector may be formed of polypropylene. It will be appreciated that the choice of material forming the connector 25 may be used in conjunction with the size of the specified connector 25 to provide the desired performance of the connector 25 under impact to the helmet 1. Other desirable properties of the material selected for the connector 25 may be its durability, and in particular its ability to withstand the environment in which the helmet 1 is intended to be used.

[0105] The material selected for forming the connecting member 25 can be selected not only to provide the desired deformation properties under the applied load, i.e. the desired stiffness, but also to be shock absorbing, i.e. a material that absorbs energy when deforming and releasing under load. This shock absorbing effect can limit the rebound of the shell 2 after the helmet 1 is impacted.

[0106] The connectors 25 may be configured so that they can be detachably connected to at least one of the shell 2 and the head mount 20. This arrangement may facilitate replacement of components within the helmet. For example, the connectors 25 and / or the head mount 20 may be replaced and the shell 2 of the helmet 1 may be reused.

[0107] The connector 25 may alternatively or additionally be configured so that it can be connected to the shell 2 and / or the head fixture 20 by a mechanical connection that does not require a separate fastener (fixing). Such a connection, rather than, for example, using an adhesive or welding, can facilitate the manufacture of the helmet 1 and / or maintenance activities such as those discussed above. Avoiding the use of separate fasteners can also facilitate manufacturing and / or reduce costs. However, it should be understood that in some arrangements, separate fasteners, such as rivets, screws or bolts, can be used.

[0108] like Figure 7 As shown, Figure 8 The connector 25 depicted in FIG. 1 is configured to be connected to the housing 2 using an example of an interference fit connection. In particular, the first connection point 41 of the connector 25 for connecting the connector 25 to the housing 2 is formed by a flange. The flange 41 is configured to be inserted into a groove 43 formed in the housing 2. In order for the flange 41 of the connector 25 to fit within the groove 43 of the housing 2, it must be compressed, resulting in sufficient friction to hold the flange 41 within the groove 43, thereby connecting the connector 25 to the housing 2.

[0109] Figure 8 and Fig. 9The connector 25 depicted in the figure has a second connection point 42 for connecting to the head fixture 20. For example, a rotational joint connection can be used, which provides a mechanical connection without the need for a separate fastener. As shown in the figure, the second connection point 42 of the connector 25 is formed as a slotted hole 42. Fig.10 A view is provided depicting the connection of the connector 25 to the head fixture 20. The head fixture 20 includes a protrusion 44 having a cross-section that corresponds in shape to the shape of the slotted hole 42. When the protrusion 44 is oriented to match the orientation of the slotted hole 42, it can pass through the slotted hole 42. The connector 25 can then be rotated relative to the head fixture 20 so that the protrusion 44 is no longer aligned with the slotted hole 42. Thus, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown in FIG, it cannot be passed back through the slotted hole 42, thereby fixing the connector 25 to the head fixture 20. This connection may be or may be referred to as a bayonet connection, a keyhole connection, or a cam lock connection.

[0110] It should be understood that other than Fig.10 Alternative arrangements of swivel joint connections other than those depicted. Similarly, it should be understood that the arrangements discussed above can be reversed so that an interference fit is used to connect the connector 25 to the head fixture, and a swivel joint connection can be used to connect the connector 25 to the housing 2. Alternatively or additionally, one or both of the connections can be replaced with another form of connection, such as a snap-fit ​​connection.

[0111] In addition to the connection points 41, 42 for connecting the connection member 25 to the housing 2 and the head mount 20, one or more of the connection members 25 may include additional connection points 45, such as Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In one arrangement, additional connection points 45 may be used to provide anchor points for additional straps, such as a chin strap.

[0112] exist Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In the depicted arrangement, the additional connection point 45, which may be used to provide an anchor point for an additional strap, is further from the first connection point 41 than the second connection point 42. It should be appreciated that this may be reversed so that the second connection point 42 is further from the first connection point 41 than the additional connection point. In general, a connector 25 having a plurality of additional connection points may be provided in an arrangement, each of which may be in any position relative to the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42.

[0113] In the following description, except Figure 8 and 9Connectors other than those shown in the drawings are discussed without mentioning the provision of additional connection points. It should be understood that although not depicted in the drawings, such connectors may include one or more additional connection points.

[0114] In some arrangements, some of the connectors 25 of the helmet 1 for connecting the head mount 20 to the shell 2 may include additional connection points, such as for a chin strap, while other connectors 25 do not. Alternatively, all connectors 25 may be provided with additional connection points 45, even if some connectors 25 do not use additional connection points 45. This may simplify manufacturing.

[0115] In order to provide a helmet 1 in which the shell 2 can rotate relative to the head mount 20 due to an impact to the helmet 1, but does not move inappropriately relative to the head mount 20 during normal use (i.e., when not subjected to such an impact), the design of the connector 25 can be adjusted so that it deforms in a specific manner under different load modes.

[0116] In one arrangement, the first connection point 41 of the connection member 25 configured to be connected to the housing 2 may be configured such that the connection point 41 does not rotate relative to the housing 2 when connected.

[0117] Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The connector 25 shown in FIG. 1 has a flat edge 46 on the flange forming the first connection point 41, which engages with the edge of the slot 43 in the shell 2 to prevent the connection point 41 from rotating relative to the shell 2. This can prevent movement of the shell 2 relative to the head mount 20 during normal use of the helmet 1 (i.e. when the wearer wears the helmet but is not subjected to an impact to the helmet 1).

[0118] The connection member 25 may be configured such that, under increased loads such as caused by an impact to the helmet 1, the second connection point 42 may rotate relative to the shell 2 about the first connection point 41 due to deformation of the connection member 25. For example, in Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In the example connector of , the flat edge 46 of the flange forming the first connection point 41 can deform under relatively high loads, thereby allowing the flange to rotate within the groove 43 into which it is inserted. Figure 7 In the example arrangement shown, in which the shell 2 is connected to the head mount 20 via a plurality of connections 25 disposed around a headband 30, rotation of the second connection point 42 about the first connection point 41 in each connection 25 enables the shell 2 of the helmet to be rotated relative to the head mount 20 about an axis that is substantially parallel to the spine of the helmet wearer.

[0119] Alternatively or additionally, in one arrangement, the slot 43 may be configured to deform under relatively high loads, thereby allowing the flange to rotate relative to the slot. Alternatively or additionally, deformation of the components of the connector 25 between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42 may enable the second connection point 42 to rotate about the first connection point 41.

[0120] Alternatively or additionally, the connection member 25 may be configured to have a beneficial response to a tensile load between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42 .

[0121] For example, the connector 25 can be configured so that under a tensile load between the first connection point and the second connection point, the connector initially extends with a first elastic modulus until a threshold extension, and then extends with a second elastic modulus beyond the threshold extension. The second elastic modulus can be higher than the first elastic modulus so that the connector can initially extend relatively easily, but after exceeding the initial extension, the stiffness can increase. This arrangement can allow the shell 2 to initially move relative to the head fixture 20 in response to an impact, but prevents excessive movement. This can be an arrangement such that, at least for impacts up to the level that the helmet 1 is designed to withstand, the head fixture 20 does not contact the shell 2, i.e., the air gap 21 is not completely eliminated.

[0122] In another arrangement, the connector 25 may be configured such that under a tensile load between the first connection point and the second connection point, the elastic modulus of the connector up to a first threshold extension is higher than the elastic modulus of the extension beyond the first threshold. This may provide a helmet 1 that the wearer of the helmet 1 feels stable in normal use, i.e., the shell 2 has limited movement relative to the head fixture 20 in the absence of an impact, but enables the shell 2 to move relative to the head fixture 20 in response to an impact. Such a connector may also be configured such that the connector extends beyond the second threshold extension at a third elastic modulus that is higher than the second elastic modulus. Thus, in such a helmet, although the shell 2 may move relative to the head fixture 20 in response to an impact, excessive movement may be prevented such that the head fixture 20 does not contact the shell 2, at least for impacts up to the level that the helmet 1 is designed to withstand.

[0123] In one arrangement, the threshold extension beyond which the modulus of elasticity of the connector increases may be an increase of at least 10 mm in the spacing between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42. This arrangement may enable the helmet to be configured such that, under impact, the shell may rotate relative to the head fixture 20 by a sufficient amount, such as at least 10 mm of local relative movement, to enable the helmet to manage the rotational energy generated by the impact and reduce the likelihood of severe trauma.

[0124] exist Fig. 9In the depicted arrangement of the connector 25, the connection points 41, 42 are connected by a pair of curved limbs 48. Under tensile loads between the connection points 41, 42, the limbs 48 deform to straighten. This straightening of the limbs 48 provides the connector 25 with a first modulus of elasticity under tensile loads. A threshold extension is then reached, which corresponds to the extension necessary for the limbs 48 to straighten. Fig.11 The connector 25 is depicted under further loading. As shown, in order to stretch the connector 25 beyond the threshold extension, the limb 48 is stretched. This requires a greater force for each additional extension, resulting in a higher second elastic modulus of the connector 25.

[0125] It should be understood that other configurations of the connector 25 may achieve the desired deformation properties under load and may be used. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 For example, limb 48 need not be bent as shown. In general, any non-straight initial configuration of limbs may be used to provide an initial elastic modulus when the limb is straightened and a second elastic modulus when the limb is subsequently stretched.

[0126] In such Fig.12 In the arrangement shown, the connector 25 may include a straight limb 49 without extending the spacing between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42 to increase the initial modulus of elasticity.

[0127] Alternatively or additionally, any number of limbs 48 may be used. Where multiple limbs 48 are used, the limbs 48 may be configured to straighten at different extensions of the spacing between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42, thereby causing additional transitions in the elastic modulus of the connector 25. Alternatively or additionally, where multiple limbs 48 are used, different limbs may be formed of different thicknesses and / or may be formed of different materials to affect the overall stiffness of the connector 25 when each limb 48 is straightened. Fig.13 An arrangement with multiple transitions is schematically depicted in , where the connection points 41 , 42 are connected by multiple sets of limbs 51 , 52 , 53 that straighten under tension, resulting in an increase in the overall elastic modulus of the connection at different extensions.

[0128] Fig.14 A further variation of a connector 25 having a single limb 48 is depicted. In the undeformed condition, the limb 48 is not straight. Thus, under initial tensile loads between the connection points 41, 42, the elastic modulus is relatively low. At a threshold extension, the single limb 48 straightens, resulting in an increase in the elastic modulus beyond the threshold extension. This single limb configuration can be relatively easy to manufacture.

[0129] More complex geometries than one or more limbs extending between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42 may be used. Such an arrangement may enable further enhancement of the response to tensile loads between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42 to be provided. For example, Fig.15 , in an arrangement having a plurality of non-straight limbs 48 extending between a first connection point 41 and a second connection point 42 , at one or more locations 55 , the limbs 48 may be joined.

[0130] Fig.16 Another example of such an arrangement is depicted in which a latticework of multiple limbs 48 is combined to extend between a first connection point 41 and a second connection point 42. Under tensile loading of such a structure, multiple threshold extensions can be provided at which different limbs 48 switch from deformation in a first mode (such as bending or straightening) to a second mode (such as stretching of the limbs 48 themselves).

[0131] In some arrangements, for example Fig.13 and Fig.16 In the arrangement depicted in FIG. 1 , the connector 25 can be configured such that the second connection point 42 is an outer surface of the connector 25 and can substantially surround it. Such a connector 25 can be configured to provide a desired response to a tensile load between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42, i.e., having a change in elastic modulus at one or more threshold extensions as described above, for tensile loads in multiple directions.

[0132] Fig.17 and Fig.18 Another example of a connector that provides a beneficial response to tensile loads in multiple directions is depicted in perspective and cross-sectional views, respectively. As shown, in this arrangement, the connector 25 is formed by a surface 60 extending between a first connection point 41 and a second connection point 42. In fact, the surface 60 can be considered to be formed by a plurality of portions 61, 62 that are connected together to form a single integrally formed element, namely the surface 60. The portions 61, 62 can each function in a similar manner to the limbs of the previous arrangements.

[0133] With the connector 25 installed in the helmet 1, all portions 61, 62 of the surface 60 are not straight. Therefore, the first connection point 41 can be moved relative to the second connection point 42 by straightening only a portion of the surface 60, until a first threshold extension. At the threshold extension, if the first connection point 41 is moved upward relative to the second connection point 42, one side of the surface 60 (e.g. Fig.18 The portion 62 depicted in FIG. 60 becomes straight, thereby increasing the elastic modulus for further extension because it is necessary to stretch that portion 62 of the surface 60.

[0134] Fig.19 Another arrangement of the connector 25 is depicted which may be used to provide a desired response to a tensile load between a first connection point 41 and a second connection point 42. As shown, Fig.19 The connector 25 depicted in FIG. 4 comprises a first element 65 extending in a straight line between a first connection point 41 and a second connection point 42, and a second element 66 loosely wrapped around the first element 65 and extending between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42. Under an initial tensile load, the resistance to extension is mainly provided by the extension of the first element 65, thereby providing a first elastic modulus. During this stage, the second element 66 wrapped around the first element 65 can be extended relatively easily. However, as the extension increases, the second element 66 holds the first element 65 more and more tightly. Therefore, further extension between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42 is only possible by the second element 66 pressing the first element 65 transversely to the extension direction or by the extension of the second element 66 along its length. This results in an increase in the stiffness of the connector 25.

[0135] Fig. 20 Another arrangement is depicted that can be used to provide the connector 25 with a desired response to a tensile load between a first connection point 41 and a second connection point 42. As shown, the connector can be based on a coil spring 70. The initial resistance to the stretching between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the coil spring 70 can be provided by the spring resistance and the friction between the layers of the spring. Once the movement of the first connection point 41 relative to the second connection point 42 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the coil spring 70 exceeds a threshold, the layers of the coil spring 70 on one side of the coil spring 70 are pressed against each other with no gap between them. Beyond this point, the stiffness of the connector 25 increases.

[0136] Fig.21 Another example of a connector 25 is schematically depicted, which connector 25 is configured to provide a desired response to a tensile load between a first connection point 41 and a second connection point 42. In this arrangement, the connector 25 includes an insert 75 connected to the first connection point 41 and a slot 76 formed of an elastic material connected to the second connection point 42. The insert 75 is configured to be inserted into the slot 76. Fig.21In the arrangement shown, the slot 76 can be configured to narrow away from its opening so that when the insert 75 is inserted into the slot 76, the elastic material forming the slot 76 is compressed to accommodate the insert 75. In turn, this causes an increase in the reaction force exerted by the slot 76 on the insert 75, which in turn increases the friction force. Beyond a given extension of the first connection point 41 relative to the second connection point 42, the insert 75 can reach the bottom 77 of the slot 76. Beyond this threshold, the first connection point 41 can be further extended relative to the second connection point 42 simply by extending the side walls of the material in which the slot 76 is formed and / or compressing the material at the bottom 77 of the slot 76, thereby increasing the stiffness of the connection. It should be understood that, alternatively or additionally, the same effect can be provided if the insert 75 includes an elastic material.

[0137] Fig. 22 Another possible arrangement of a connector 25 for connecting a first connection point 41 and a second connection point 42 is schematically depicted. In the arrangement shown, the connector includes a first element 81 that can be extended by stretching the first element 81 under a tensile load between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42. The connector 25 also includes a portion of a webbing 82, which can, for example, surround the first element 81. For example, the webbing 82 can be formed of a woven material that is initially relatively easy to stretch due to the movement of fibers in the webbing 82 relative to each other. To this end, the elastic modulus of the connector 25 is primarily determined by the stiffness of the first element 81. Beyond a threshold extension, the webbing 82 can be further extended by simply stretching individual fibers within the webbing 82 and / or by breaking fibers within the webbing 82, thereby causing the stiffness of the connector 25 to increase beyond the threshold extension.

[0138] Fig.23 Another example of a connector 25 that provides a desired response to a tensile load between a first connection point 41 and a second connection point 42 is depicted. The connector 25 is mounted and configured so that the connection points are in an inverted position. Thus, in the initial position, a tensile load between the first connection point 41 and the second connection point 42 exerts a force on the connection points toward each other. Thus, for example, in Fig.23 In the depicted arrangement, the tensile load on the connection 25 causes the second connection point 42 to Fig. 22 The connector 25 is pushed in the downward direction of the depicted image in the direction toward the first connection point 41. However, the connector 25 is limited by its connection to the housing 2 at the first connection point 41. Therefore, in order for the second connection point 42 to move downward, the connector 25 is forced to rotate about the first connection point 41. For example, this can occur by deformation of the first connection point 41, providing an initial elastic modulus for the extension, i.e., movement, of the second connection point 42.

[0139] Once the connector 25 is rotated 180 degrees about the first connection point 41, the second connection point 42 can no longer be extended relative to the first connection point 41 simply by the rotation of the connector 25. Beyond this threshold, further extension of the second connection point 42 relative to the first connection point 41 requires deformation of the connector 25, such as stretching of the connector 25, thereby increasing the stiffness of the connector 25 beyond this threshold.

[0140] It should be appreciated that in variations of this configuration, a physical stop may be provided to prevent the connector 25 from rotating about the first connection point 41 at an earlier point. This may reduce the threshold extension before the stiffness of the connector 25 increases. Alternatively or additionally, the connector 25 may be configured such that the unloaded position of the connector is substantially equal to the first connection point 41. Fig. 22 , is pre-rotated compared to the configuration depicted in that the extent to which the connector 25 is rotated about the first connection point to a point where no further extension of the second connection point relative to the first connection point 41 can be achieved by rotation of the connector 25 is less than 180 degrees.

Claims

1. A helmet, include: shell; a head mount configured to conform to a wearer's head; as well as a plurality of connecting members formed of an elastic body, each of the connecting members being disposed between the housing and the head fixing member, and each of the connecting members being connected to the housing and the head fixing member; wherein the head fixing member includes a plurality of straps extending across the top of the wearer's head and extending between an opposing pair of connectors; the connector being configured to suspend the head mount within the housing such that, in use, an air gap is provided between the head mount and the housing; each of the connectors having a first connection point to the housing, a second connection point to the head mount, and at least one limb between the first connection point and the second connection point, the limb being non-straight when there is no load on the connector; at least one of the connectors is configured such that under a tensile load between the first connection point and the second connection point, the connector extends with a first elastic modulus up to a threshold extension and extends with a second elastic modulus beyond the threshold extension, the elastic modulus being defined as the ratio of a force applied to the component to the extension caused by the force over a given range of extensions; Extension of the connector at the first modulus of elasticity corresponds to the at least one limb being deformed to be straight, and extension of the connector at the second modulus of elasticity corresponds to the at least one limb being stretched; and The second elastic modulus is higher than the first elastic modulus.

2. The helmet according to claim 1, in, The connector has at least one elastic modulus lower than at least one of the housing and the head mount.

3. A helmet according to claim 1 or 2, in, The connecting pieces are each integrally formed as a single component.

4. A helmet according to claim 1 or 2, in, The connector is detachably connected to at least one of the housing and the head mount.

5. The helmet according to claim 1 or 2, in, The connector is connected to at least one of the housing and the head mount by a mechanical connection that does not require separate fasteners.

6. The helmet according to claim 1 or 2, in, The connector is connected to at least one of the housing and the head fixture by at least one of a snap-fit ​​connection, an interference fit connection, and a rotational engagement connection.

7. A helmet according to claim 1 or 2, in, The head fixing member is connected to the housing via four or six connecting members.

8. The helmet according to claim 1 or 2, in, At least two of the connectors are configured to provide anchor points for the chin strap.

9. The helmet according to claim 1 or 2, in, The first connection point is configured to prevent rotation relative to the housing.

10. The helmet according to claim 9, in, The second connection point can be rotated about the first connection point relative to the housing by deformation of the connection member.

11. The helmet according to claim 1 or 2, in, The connector also includes at least one limb between the first connection point and the second connection point, the limb being straight when there is no load on the connector.

12. A helmet according to claim 1 or 2, in, The threshold extension is an increase of at least 10 mm in the spacing between the first connection point and the second connection point.

13. A helmet according to claim 1 or 2, in, The elastic modulus of the strap forming the head fixing member is higher than the elastic modulus of the connecting member.

14. A helmet according to claim 1 or 2, in, In the absence of an impact on the helmet, the spacing between the shell and the head mount at a position corresponding to the top of the wearer's head provided by the air gap is at least 10 mm, optionally at least 15 mm, optionally at least 20 mm, optionally at least 30 mm, optionally at least 40 mm.

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