A disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar

Abstract

The present invention discloses a disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar, which comprises a vertically arranged puncture cannula, a sealing assembly arranged at the top of the puncture cannula, a puncture needle rod that can vertically pass through the puncture cannula and the sealing assembly simultaneously, and a gas valve connected to the puncture cannula. The puncture cannula includes a puncture tube base and a puncture tube body that are coaxially arranged one above the other. An anti-slip texture is arranged on the outer wall of the puncture tube body, and the distance between the outermost edge of the anti-slip texture and the outer wall of the puncture tube body gradually increases from top to bottom. Based on the commonly used laparoscopic trocars in the prior art, the present invention provides a laparoscopic trocar with simple operation, firm fixation and good sealing performance. At the same time, it can not only provide rapid air intake, but also continuously exchange gas under a constant pressure state to remove the smoke brought by the intraoperative energy device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of trocars, in particular to the technical field of disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocars.

Background Art

[0002] A laparoscopic trocar, also known as a puncture card, can be used by specialists to puncture the abdominal cavity during laparoscopic surgery, inject gas into the abdominal cavity to maintain pneumoperitoneum, and at the same time serve as a channel for the endoscope and surgical instruments to enter and exit the abdominal cavity from the outside. A laparoscopic trocar usually includes a sleeve assembly serving as a channel for other surgical instruments to enter and a puncture needle rod penetrating through the sleeve assembly. When in use, first, the skin epidermis is incised with a scalpel, then the skin is penetrated through the puncture needle rod and the sleeve assembly is entered into the body cavity together, and then the puncture needle rod is withdrawn. At this time, the sleeve assembly can inject gas into the abdominal cavity and at the same time serve as a channel for introducing the endoscope and surgical instruments into the abdominal cavity.

[0003] In the early stage, the puncture cannula of the reusable metal trocar was prone to looseness and displacement with the abdominal wall, and then phenomena such as prolapse or excessive sliding in occurred, affecting the surgical operation and delaying the operation time. Moreover, after repeated insertions, multiple Y-shaped channels were formed in the abdominal wall, increasing the peritoneal tear and making subcutaneous emphysema easy to form during the operation. The puncture cannula of the existing disposable trocar has a threaded anti-slip structure added at the tube wall. Although the above problems are improved to a certain extent, the fixing effect is still not very ideal. In addition, there have been many innovations for the above problems, such as a new trocar with an airbag fixing device (a disposable laparoscopic trocar with an airbag, with the publication number CN211658320U) or a trocar with an adjustable fixing baffle (a laparoscopic puncture cannula with adjustable insertion depth, with the publication number CN202458493U), etc. All of them have the problems of relatively complex design and inconvenient surgical operation. In addition, good airtightness and gas barrier are the basis for establishing pneumoperitoneum, and the sealing design and structure of the existing trocars are relatively complex and the manufacturing process is relatively cumbersome. Therefore, for the design improvement of the abdominal wall fixation and sealing of the trocar, more simple and practical innovations are urgently needed.

[0004] Before laparoscopic surgery, it is usually necessary to use a constant-pressure insufflator to connect to the trocar to inject CO2 into the abdominal cavity and establish a pneumoperitoneum, so as to expand the abdominal cavity or the surgically created space, providing an open surgical field of view and operating space. Therefore, maintaining a constant pneumoperitoneum pressure, removing the smoke in the abdominal cavity caused by the ultrasonic scalpel, electrocision or electrocoagulation, and keeping the laparoscopic field of view clear are also the keys to ensuring normal surgical operation. And generally, the diffusion of smoke has certain rules. Usually, when the smoke is generated, the area from 25 to 40 cm is the contraction and rising area, and the area above 40 cm is the crazy diffusion area. However, due to the small design of the air inlet holes in the existing trocar design, even when the pressure of the insufflator is increased and the maximum flow rate is used, it is impossible to ensure continuous ventilation in the abdominal cavity, suck out the smoke generated by energy devices such as the ultrasonic scalpel, and ensure a clear intraoperative field of view. At the same time, maintaining a relatively constant pneumoperitoneum pressure so as not to affect normal surgical operation. Therefore, it is also necessary to improve the air intake and ventilation structures of the existing trocar.

Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and propose a disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar. Based on the existing commonly used laparoscopic trocar, it can provide a laparoscopic trocar with simple operation, firm fixation and good sealing performance. At the same time, it can not only provide rapid air intake, but also continuously ventilate under constant pressure to remove the smoke brought by intraoperative energy devices.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar, which includes a vertically arranged puncture cannula, a sealing assembly arranged at the top of the puncture cannula, a puncture needle rod that can vertically pass through the puncture cannula and the sealing assembly at the same time, and a gas valve connected to the puncture cannula. The puncture cannula includes a puncture tube base and a puncture tube body arranged coaxially up and down. Anti-slip textures are arranged on the outer wall of the puncture tube body, and the distance between the outermost edge of the anti-slip texture and the outer wall of the puncture tube body gradually increases from top to bottom. Among them, the puncture tube body is transparent, the bottom end of the puncture tube body is provided with an inclined angle and several small holes are arranged near the inclined angle. The angle of the inclined angle is 30 to 60°, and preferably 45°.

[0007] Preferably, the outer diameter of the puncture tube body gradually decreases or remains the same from top to bottom. When the outer diameter of the puncture tube body gradually decreases from top to bottom, the outer diameter of the anti-slip texture gradually increases or remains the same from top to bottom. When the outer diameter of the puncture tube body remains the same from top to bottom, the outer diameter of the anti-slip texture gradually increases from top to bottom. The anti-slip texture is a number of circular concave-convex patterns or male threads arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Among them, the anti-slip texture starts from the top of the puncture tube body and ends at 1 / 5 - 1 / 2 of the head of the puncture tube body, and preferably 1 / 4. In addition, when the anti-slip texture is a number of circular concave-convex patterns arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the inner concave depth of the concave pattern also gradually deepens from top to bottom and forms barbs with the convex pattern.

[0008] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes a conversion socket, a positioning ring and a one-way air-blocking valve. The conversion socket includes a locking upper shell, a comprehensive sealing valve and a locking lower shell. The comprehensive sealing valve is clamped and fixed between the locking upper shell and the locking lower shell. The locking lower shell is detachably installed on the top of the puncture socket. The one-way air-blocking valve is jointly installed in the puncture socket under the pressing force of the positioning ring.

[0009] Furthermore, an outer circumferential lateral extension is formed at the upper outer wall of the puncture socket to form a seat body annular side projection. Concentrically arranged from the inside to the outside on the top surface of the seat body annular side projection are a seat body annular inner projection and a seat body annular outer projection. A number of seat body convex columns are arranged in a circle on the top surface of the seat body annular side projection and located between the seat body annular inner projection and the seat body annular outer projection. A number of ring body insertion holes corresponding to each seat body convex column are arranged in a circle on the positioning ring. An outer circumferential lateral extension is formed at the upper outer wall of the one-way air-blocking valve to form a valve body annular side projection. A number of valve body insertion holes corresponding to each seat body convex column are arranged on the valve body annular side projection. Each seat body convex column is respectively installed in a nail-fitting manner with the corresponding valve body insertion hole and ring body insertion hole from bottom to top. A number of rotary chucks are arranged in a circle on the outer wall of the seat body annular outer projection. A number of rotary blocks respectively cooperating with each rotary chuck are arranged on the lower inner wall of the locking lower shell. Among them, the number of both the rotary chucks and the rotary blocks is 1 - 6, and preferably both are 3.

[0010] Still further, a valve body annular groove adapted to the seat body annular inner projection is provided on the bottom surface of the valve body annular side projection, and the two can be installed by embedding during assembly to increase the sealing performance. Among them, the one-way air-blocking valve is in a bowl shape and the bottom is in a semi-conical duckbill slit hole shape. The one-way air-blocking valve is a rubber, silica gel or latex valve.

[0011] Furthermore, an outer shell flange is formed by horizontally extending outward from the outer wall at the lower end of the upper locking shell. A circumferential side protrusion of the shell is formed by horizontally extending inward from the inner wall at the upper end of the lower locking shell. A circumferential upper protrusion of the shell and a circumferential lower protrusion of the shell are respectively arranged on the top surface and the bottom surface of the circumferential side protrusion of the shell. The outer shell flange, the circumferential side protrusion of the shell and the circumferential upper protrusion of the shell together form a mounting groove for clamping and fixing the integrated sealing valve. The edge of the annular wavy folding part of the annular flexible sealing pad of the integrated sealing valve is fixed in the mounting groove. A circumferential upper protrusion of the valve body extends upward from the top surface of the circumferential side protrusion of the valve body. The circumferential upper protrusion of the valve body can be wrapped outside the circumferential lower protrusion of the shell. Among them, the height of the circumferential inner protrusion of the seat body is lower than the height of the circumferential outer protrusion of the seat body. When the positioning ring and the one-way air-blocking valve are jointly installed in the puncture tube seat, the top of the positioning ring is flush with the top of the circumferential outer protrusion of the seat body, and the top of the circumferential upper protrusion of the valve body is higher than the top of the circumferential outer protrusion of the seat body and is wrapped outside the circumferential lower protrusion of the shell, which can further increase its sealing performance after installation.

[0012] Further, the integrated sealing valve includes a locking ring, petal-shaped protectors, a flexible sealing pad and a support ring. The edge of the flexible sealing pad is clamped between the upper locking shell and the lower locking shell, and the center sinks to form an inverted cone part. Several circumferential wavy folding parts are further arranged on the outer edge of the flexible sealing pad. A central hole of the cone is arranged in the center of the inverted cone part. The petal-shaped protectors include arc strips and arc pieces. The inner arc edge of the arc strip extends downward and is fixed to the arc piece. The radian of the arc piece is adapted to the radian of the inverted cone part. Several petal-shaped protectors are arranged around the flexible sealing pad above and are arranged along the central hole of the cone. The arc pieces of each petal-shaped protector are overlapped with each other. The locking ring is located above each petal-shaped protector. The support ring is located below the flexible sealing pad, and several ring convex columns are arranged around the top surface. Several ring body jacks, strip body jacks and pad body jacks corresponding to each ring convex column are respectively arranged above the locking ring, the arc strip and the inner ring of the wavy folding part of the flexible sealing pad. Each ring convex column is respectively installed in a mating manner with the corresponding pad body jack, strip body jack and ring body jack from bottom to top. Among them, the flexible sealing pad is a rubber, silica gel or latex pad. The petal-shaped protectors are rubber, silica gel or latex sheets. The number of the petal-shaped protectors is 3 to 9, preferably 4, and they are arranged in an overlapping manner along the central hole of the cone.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the locking ring is concentrically provided with an inner ring body protrusion and an outer ring body protrusion from the inside to the outside. Each of the ring body insertion holes is arranged around between the inner ring body protrusion and the outer ring body protrusion. The top surface of the support ring is concentrically provided with an inner ring body protrusion and an outer ring body protrusion from the inside to the outside. Each of the ring body convex columns is respectively arranged around between the inner ring body protrusion and the outer ring body protrusion. The inner circle of the wavy folding part of the flexible gasket and the arc strips of the petal protectors are embedded and fixedly installed between the locking ring and the support ring. Among them, the inner ring body protrusion of the ring body is higher than the outer ring body protrusion of the ring body. In addition, the ring body convex columns are embedded and fixedly installed between the locking ring and the support ring from bottom to top through the gasket insertion holes on the inner circle of the annular wavy folding part of the flexible gasket and the strip insertion holes on the arc strips of the petal protectors, and are adaptively embedded and fixedly installed through the inner and outer ring protrusions (the inner ring body protrusion and the outer ring body protrusion of the ring body) of the locking ring and the inner and outer ring protrusions (the inner ring body protrusion and the outer ring body protrusion of the ring body) of the support ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the puncture needle rod includes a puncture needle rod body, a puncture cone head and a puncture seal cover. The puncture seal cover and the puncture cone head are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the puncture needle rod body. The bottom surface of the puncture seal cover is provided with a plurality of limit insertion blocks. The top surface of the locking upper shell is provided with a plurality of limit notches respectively cooperating with the respective limit points. Among them, a rod body channel is arranged in the puncture needle rod body. The puncture seal cover is semi-elliptical and internally provided with a cover body channel communicating with the rod body channel. The puncture cone head is transparent and internally provided with a cavity communicating with the rod body channel. A plurality of blades are further arranged on the outer wall of the puncture cone head. The number of the limit insertion blocks is 1 to 6, and preferably 3.

[0015] Preferably, the air valve includes an air pipe and a valve core. One end of the air pipe is connected to the puncture tube seat, which can be integrally connected. The valve core can open or cut off the gas passage of the air pipe. At least two air valves are installed on the puncture sleeve for gas injection. The diameter of the air pipe of the air valve installed on the puncture sleeve for gas injection is larger than the diameter of the air pipe of the air valve installed on the puncture sleeve for exhaust. An exhaust mechanism is further installed on the air valve installed on the puncture sleeve for exhaust. The exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust sleeve, an exhaust bracket and an exhaust fan. The exhaust sleeve is installed on the air pipe. The exhaust fan is rotatably connected in the exhaust sleeve through the exhaust bracket and can continuously suck the gas out along the puncture tube seat when rotating. Among them, the air pipe is a round pipe, which is convenient for the valve core to adjust the amount of gas injection or exhaust.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] 1. In this application, several circles of annular concave-convex patterns or male threads are sequentially arranged from top to bottom on the outer wall of the puncture cannula as anti-slip textures. The distance between the outermost edge of the anti-slip texture and the outer wall of the puncture tube body gradually increases from top to bottom and ends at the front 1 / 4. At the same time, the diameter of the puncture tube body gradually decreases or remains the same from top to bottom. This can facilitate the insertion of the puncture cannula while enabling the puncture tube body to be firmly fixed on the abdominal wall like an expansion screw. Moreover, the manufacturing process and surgical operation are simple, effectively avoiding the accidental dislodgment or excessive insertion of the puncture cannula during the operation, thus affecting the surgical operation and delaying the operation time.

[0018] 2. In this application, a valve body annular groove adapted to the seat body annular inner protrusion is provided on the bottom surface of the annular side protrusion of the valve body of the one-way air-blocking valve. Additionally, a valve body annular upper protrusion higher than the seat body annular outer protrusion is added on the top surface of the one-way air-blocking valve and is wrapped outside the housing annular lower protrusion. During assembly, it can be embedded for installation to increase its sealing performance. At the same time, the flexible gasket of the integrated sealing valve is provided with several circles of annular wavy folding parts. The petal-shaped guard pieces can be overlapped and arranged at the middle hole of the cone through the support ring and the locking ring to achieve a multi-layer sealing design. The process manufacturing is simple, and it can ensure smooth surgical operation. The puncture cannula and the conversion tube seat are only detachably connected at the puncture tube seat and the locking lower shell, and the others are all formed by components or integrally. Under strict sealing, it is also convenient to take out the intraperitoneal tissue mass from the puncture cannula.

[0019] 3. Since the injection hole (air valve) of the existing puncture cannula is too small in diameter compared with the air outlet of the insufflator and the injection pipeline, and the injection hole diameter of the valve core is also too small, even if the pressure of the insufflator is appropriately increased and the air insufflation flow rate is opened to the maximum, rapid inflation cannot be achieved. In this application, at least two injection ports are provided on the injection puncture cannula, increasing the injection hole diameter of the puncture cannula. At the same time, the diameter of the injection port of the injection puncture cannula is larger than the diameter of the exhaust port of the exhaust puncture cannula, enabling the injection volume to be always greater than the exhaust volume. The pressure difference between the intraperitoneal cavity and the central negative pressure can be used as the driving force to continuously drive the exhaust fan in the exhaust pipeline of the exhaust puncture cannula to rotate, thereby continuously sucking and replacing air. Even in surgeries with a small space such as laparoscopic extraperitoneal radical prostatectomy and thyroidectomy, when using a negative pressure aspirator to aspirate accumulated blood, rapid air intake can be achieved, and at the same time, the smoke generated by the energy equipment during the operation can be aspirated under negative pressure, ensuring a constant pressure and clear vision in the laparoscopic surgical space.

[0020] The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is the front view of the disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic puncture device for injection in Embodiment 1;

[0022] Figure 2It is the front view of the disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar for exhaust in the first embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 It is the exploded schematic view of the disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar for gas injection in the first embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 It is the exploded schematic view of the disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar for exhaust in the first embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 It is the front view of the puncture needle rod in the first embodiment;

[0026] Figure 6 It is the front view of the puncture cannula and the air valve during assembly for gas injection in the first embodiment;

[0027] Figure 7 It is the front view of the puncture cannula, the air valve and the exhaust mechanism during assembly for exhaust in the first embodiment;

[0028] Figure 8 It is the top view of the puncture cannula, the air valve and the exhaust mechanism during assembly for exhaust in the first embodiment;

[0029] Figure 9 It is the front view of the one-way air-blocking valve in the first embodiment;

[0030] Figure 10 It is the top view of the one-way air-blocking valve in the first embodiment;

[0031] Figure 11 It is the bottom view of the one-way air-blocking valve in the first embodiment;

[0032] Figure 12 It is the top view of the positioning ring in the first embodiment;

[0033] Figure 13 It is the exploded schematic view of the conversion socket in the first embodiment;

[0034] Figure 14 It is the cross-sectional view of the locking upper shell and the locking lower shell during assembly in the first embodiment;

[0035] Figure 15 It is the bottom view of the locking upper shell and the locking lower shell during assembly in the first embodiment;

[0036] Figure 16 It is the bottom view of the locking ring in the first embodiment;

[0037] Figure 17 It is the three-dimensional structure schematic view of the locking ring in the first embodiment;

[0038] Figure 18 It is the top view of the flexible gasket in the first embodiment;

[0039] Figure 19 is the top view of the support ring of the first embodiment;

[0040] Figure 20 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the support ring of the first embodiment;

[0041] Figure 21 is the top view of the petal guard of the first embodiment;

[0042] Figure 22 is the top view of the petal guard, flexible gasket and support ring during assembly in the first embodiment;

[0043] Figure 23 is the front view of the puncture cannula and air valve for gas injection during assembly in the second embodiment;

[0044] Figure 24 is the front view of the puncture cannula and air valve for gas injection during assembly in the third embodiment;

[0045] Figure 25 is the front view of the puncture cannula, air valve and exhaust mechanism for gas exhaust during assembly in the fourth embodiment.

[0046] In the figure: 1 - puncture cannula, 11 - puncture tube body, 111 - annular concave and convex pattern, 112 - male thread, 12 - puncture tube seat, 121 - seat body annular side projection, 122 - seat body annular outer projection, 1221 - rotary card slot, 123 - seat body annular inner projection, 124 - seat body convex column, 2 - puncture needle rod, 21 - puncture rod body, 22 - puncture cone head, 221 - limit insertion block, 23 - puncture sealing cover, 3 - conversion tube seat, 31 - locking upper shell, 311 - shell turned-out edge, 32 - locking lower shell, 321 - rotary card block, 322 - shell annular side projection, 323 - shell annular upper projection, 324 - shell annular lower projection, 33 - locking ring, 331 - ring body socket, 332 - ring body annular outer projection, 333 - ring body annular inner projection, 34 - petal guard, 341 - arc strip, 3411 - strip body socket, 342 - arc piece, 35 - flexible gasket, 351 - inverted cone part, 3511 - cone body middle hole, 352 - gasket body socket, 353 - annular wavy folding part, 36 - support ring, 361 - ring body convex column, 362 - ring body annular outer projection, 363 - ring body annular inner projection, 4 - positioning ring, 41 - ring body socket, 5 - one-way air blocking valve, 51 - valve body annular side projection, 52 - valve body socket, 53 - valve body annular groove, 54 - valve body annular upper projection, 6 - air valve, 61 - air tube, 62 - valve core, 7 - exhaust mechanism.

Detailed implementation manners

[0047] First embodiment:

[0048] Refer to Figures 1 to 22 , a disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar of the present invention includes a vertically arranged trocar sleeve 1, a sealing assembly arranged at the top of the trocar sleeve 1, a trocar needle rod 2 that can vertically pass through the trocar sleeve 1 and the sealing assembly at the same time, and a gas valve 6 connected to the trocar sleeve 1. The trocar sleeve 1 includes a trocar base 12 and a trocar body 11 that are coaxially arranged one above the other. An anti-slip texture is provided on the outer wall of the trocar body 11, and the distance between the outermost edge of the anti-slip texture and the outer wall of the trocar body 11 gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0049] The outer diameter of the trocar body 11 gradually decreases from top to bottom, the outer diameter of the anti-slip texture is equal from top to bottom, and the anti-slip texture is a plurality of circular concave-convex patterns 111 arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0050] The sealing assembly includes a conversion base 3, a positioning ring 4, and a one-way air-blocking valve 5. The conversion base 3 includes a locking upper shell 31, a comprehensive sealing valve, and a locking lower shell 32. The comprehensive sealing valve is clamped and fixed between the locking upper shell 31 and the locking lower shell 32. The locking lower shell 32 is detachably installed on the top of the trocar base 12. The one-way air-blocking valve 5 is jointly installed in the trocar base 12 under the pressing of the positioning ring 4.

[0051] An outer circumferential side protrusion 121 of the seat body is formed by horizontally extending outward from the outer wall at the upper end of the trocar base 12. A seat body inner circumferential protrusion 123 and a seat body outer circumferential protrusion 122 are concentrically arranged on the top surface of the seat body outer circumferential side protrusion 121 from the inside to the outside. A plurality of seat body protrusions 124 are arranged in a ring around the top surface of the seat body outer circumferential side protrusion 121 and located between the seat body inner circumferential protrusion 123 and the seat body outer circumferential protrusion 122. A plurality of ring body insertion holes 41 corresponding to each seat body protrusion 124 are arranged in a ring above the positioning ring 4. An outer circumferential side protrusion 51 of the valve body is formed by horizontally extending outward from the outer wall at the upper end of the one-way air-blocking valve 5. A plurality of valve body insertion holes 52 corresponding to each seat body protrusion 124 are arranged on the outer circumferential side protrusion 51 of the valve body. Each seat body protrusion 124 is respectively installed in a nailed matching manner with the corresponding valve body insertion hole 52 and ring body insertion hole 41 from bottom to top. A plurality of rotary chucks 1221 are arranged in a ring on the outer wall of the seat body outer circumferential protrusion 122. A plurality of rotary blocks 321 respectively cooperating with each rotary chuck 1221 are arranged on the inner wall at the lower end of the locking lower shell 32.

[0052] A valve body annular groove 53 adapted to the seat body inner circumferential protrusion 123 is provided on the bottom surface of the outer circumferential side protrusion 51 of the valve body. When assembled, the two can be embedded and installed to increase its sealing performance.

[0053] At the outer wall of the lower end of the locking upper shell 31, a shell outward flange 311 extends horizontally outward. At the inner wall of the upper end of the locking lower shell 32, a shell annular side protrusion 322 extends horizontally inward. A shell annular upper protrusion 323 and a shell annular lower protrusion 324 are respectively arranged on the top surface and the bottom surface of the shell annular side protrusion 322. The shell outward flange 311, the shell annular side protrusion 322 and the shell annular upper protrusion 323 together form a mounting groove for clamping and fixing the integrated seal valve. The edge of the annular wavy folding part of the annular flexible gasket of the integrated seal valve is fixed in the mounting groove. The top surface of the valve body annular side protrusion 51 extends upward to form a valve body annular upper protrusion 54. The valve body annular upper protrusion 54 can be wrapped outside the shell annular lower protrusion 324. Since the puncture cannula 1 and the conversion socket 3 are only detachably connected at the puncture socket 12 and the locking lower shell 32, and the valve body annular upper protrusion 54 of the one-way air-blocking valve 5 installed in the puncture socket 12 is wrapped outside the shell annular lower protrusion 324 of the locking lower shell 32, it neither affects the acquisition of the incarcerated tissue mass nor can effectively increase the sealing performance between the two.

[0054] The integrated sealing valve includes a locking ring 33, petal-shaped shims 34, a flexible gasket 35, and a support ring 36. The edge of the flexible gasket 35 is clamped between the upper locking housing 31 and the lower locking housing 32, and the center sinks to form an inverted cone portion 351. The outer edge of the flexible gasket 35 is also provided with a plurality of circular wavy folding portions 353. A cone-shaped central hole 3511 is provided in the center of the inverted cone portion 351. The petal-shaped shims 34 include arc-shaped strips 341 and arc-shaped sheets 342. The inner arc edge of the arc-shaped strip 341 extends downward and is fixed to the arc-shaped sheet 342. The curvature of the arc-shaped sheet 342 is adapted to the curvature of the inverted cone portion 351. A plurality of the petal-shaped shims 34 are arranged around the upper part of the flexible gasket 35 and are arranged along the cone-shaped central hole 3511. The arc-shaped sheets 342 of each petal-shaped shim 34 overlap each other. The locking ring 33 is located above each petal-shaped shim 34. The support ring 36 is located below the flexible gasket 35, and a plurality of ring-shaped convex columns 361 are arranged around the top surface. A plurality of ring-shaped socket holes 331, strip-shaped socket holes 3411, and gasket-shaped socket holes 352 corresponding to each ring-shaped convex column 361 are respectively provided above the inner circles of the locking ring 33, the arc-shaped strips 341, and the wavy folding portions 353 of the flexible gasket 35. Each ring-shaped convex column 361 is respectively installed in a nail-matching manner with the corresponding gasket-shaped socket hole 352, strip-shaped socket hole 3411, and ring-shaped socket hole 331 from bottom to top. In this application, by installing an integrated sealing valve composed of a locking ring 33, petal-shaped shims 34, a flexible gasket 35, and a support ring 36 in the conversion socket 3, the flexible gasket 35 adopts a double design of an inverted cone and wavy folding. At the same time, the locking ring 33 and the support ring 36 are used to overlap and arrange a plurality of petal-shaped shims 34 on the inverted cone portion 351 of the flexible gasket 35. It can not only use the inverted cone portion 351 of the flexible gasket 35 to guide the surgical instrument to a certain extent and use its plurality of circular wavy folding portions to improve the deformability, but also use the petal-shaped shims 34 arranged in an overlapping manner along the cone-shaped central hole 3511 to ensure that the surgical instrument maintains high-fluidity movement and high sealing effect when repeatedly entering and exiting the conversion socket 3.

[0055] The bottom surface of the locking ring 33 is concentrically provided with a ring body annular inner protrusion 333 and a ring body annular outer protrusion 332 from the inside to the outside. Each of the ring body insertion holes 331 is arranged around between the ring body annular inner protrusion 333 and the ring body annular outer protrusion 332. The top surface of the support ring 36 is concentrically provided with a ring body annular inner protrusion 363 and a ring body annular outer protrusion 362 from the inside to the outside. Each of the ring body convex columns 361 is respectively arranged around between the ring body annular inner protrusion 363 and the ring body annular outer protrusion 362. The inner ring of the wavy folding part 353 of the flexible gasket 35 and the arc strips 341 of the petal protectors 34 are snap-fitted and fixed between the locking ring 33 and the support ring 36. Among them, the ring body annular inner protrusion 333 is higher than the ring body annular outer protrusion 332. In addition, the ring body convex columns 361 are snap-fitted and fixed between the locking ring 33 and the support ring 36 from bottom to top through the gasket insertion holes 352 on the inner ring of the annular wavy folding part 353 of the flexible gasket 35 and the strip insertion holes 3411 on the arc strips 341 of the petal protectors 34, and are snap-fitted and fixed through the inner and outer ring protrusions (ring body annular inner protrusion 333 and ring body annular outer protrusion 332) of the locking ring 33 and the inner and outer ring protrusions (ring body annular inner protrusion 363 and ring body annular outer protrusion 362) of the support ring.

[0056] The puncture needle rod 2 includes a puncture needle rod body 21, a puncture cone head 22 and a puncture seal cover 23. The puncture seal cover 23 and the puncture cone head 22 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the puncture needle rod body 21. The bottom surface of the puncture seal cover 23 is provided with a plurality of limit insertion blocks 221. The top surface of the locking upper shell 31 is provided with a plurality of limit notches respectively cooperating with the limit points 221.

[0057] The air valve 6 includes an air tube 61 and a valve core 62. One end of the air tube 61 is connected to the puncture tube base 12. The valve core 62 can open or cut off the gas passage of the air tube 61. At least two air valves 6 are installed on the puncture cannula 1 for gas injection. The diameter of the air tube 61 of the air valve 6 installed on the puncture cannula 1 for gas injection is larger than the diameter of the air tube 61 of the air valve 6 installed on the puncture cannula 1 for gas exhaust. An exhaust mechanism 7 is further installed on the air valve 6 installed on the puncture cannula 1 for gas exhaust. The exhaust mechanism 7 includes an exhaust sleeve, an exhaust bracket and an exhaust fan. The exhaust sleeve is installed on the air tube 61. The exhaust fan is rotatably connected in the exhaust sleeve through the exhaust bracket and can continuously suck the gas out along the puncture tube base 12 when rotating. Since a multi-sealing mechanism composed of multiple components is provided in the puncture cannula 1, a sealed cavity can be formed in the abdominal cavity. At the same time, due to the at least double air inlet design of the puncture cannula 1 for gas injection and the air injection port of the puncture cannula 1 for gas injection being significantly larger than the air exhaust port of the puncture cannula 1 for gas exhaust, even in a relatively small space operation such as extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, when using a negative pressure aspirator to aspirate accumulated blood, gas can be quickly injected to ensure the constant pressure stability of the laparoscopic operation space and clear vision.

[0058] The working process of the present invention:

[0059] First, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, using the cooperation between each rotary clamping block 321 and the rotary clamping groove 1221, the conversion tube base 3 is installed on the top of the puncture cannula 1. Then, the puncture needle rod 2 is passed through the conversion tube base 3 and the puncture cannula 1 in turn with the puncture cone head 22 facing down until the puncture cone head 22 extends out of the puncture tube body 11, and each limit insertion block 221 is respectively inserted into each limit notch to lock the puncture needle rod 2, thus completing the assembly of the disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic puncture device for gas injection and gas exhaust. After the pneumoperitoneum is completed or the retroperitoneal space is established, a skin incision suitable for the size of the puncture cannula 1 is made at the pre-punctured skin. The disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic puncture devices for gas injection and gas exhaust are respectively rotated and inserted into the abdominal cavity or the operation space along the skin incision, and then the puncture needle rod 2 is pulled out. At this time, since the outer diameter of the puncture tube body 11 gradually decreases from top to bottom and has anti-slip textures with the distance between the outermost edge and the outer wall of the puncture tube body 11 gradually increasing from top to bottom, and the convex and concave lines are arranged in a barbed shape and end at the front 1 / 4, it can facilitate the insertion of the puncture cannula and firmly fix it at the punctured abdominal wall like an expanding screw. Subsequently, the free ends of the air tubes 61 of each air valve 6 of the puncture tube body 11 for gas injection are connected to a constant pressure pneumoperitoneum machine through hoses, and the free ends of the air tubes 61 of the air valve 6 of the puncture tube body 11 for gas exhaust are connected to a central negative pressure device through hoses and a stylet. At the same time, the overall gas injection speed is kept greater than the overall gas exhaust speed.

[0060] During the operation, the laparoscope lens is inserted into the abdominal cavity through the inflated puncture cannula 1, and energy operating instruments such as ultrasonic scalpels are inserted into the abdominal cavity through the deflated puncture cannula 1. Among them, at least two gas injection ports are provided on the inflated puncture cannula 1, the gas injection aperture of the puncture cannula 1 is increased, and at the same time, the caliber of the gas injection port of the inflated puncture cannula 1 is larger than the caliber of the exhaust port of the deflated puncture cannula 1. Due to the pressure difference between the air pressure in the abdominal cavity and the pressure of the central negative pressure device, the air flow directly discharges into the central negative pressure device after passing through the exhaust sleeve of the deflated puncture cannula 1, and at the same time drives the blades of the exhaust fan that sucks smoke unidirectionally installed in the exhaust pipeline to rotate, forming a greater negative pressure, thereby generating a faster smoke suction and ventilation effect, and the gas injection volume is always greater than the exhaust volume, which can ensure the clarity of the surgical field and sealed constant pressure.

[0061] In addition, when it is necessary to take out the tissue block from the puncture cannula 1, since the one-way air blocking valve 5 is in the shape of a bowl and the bottom is in the shape of a semi-conical duckbill slit hole, the tissue block is easily stuck at the one-way air blocking valve 5. At this time, just rotate the conversion tube seat 3 to separate the locking lower shell 32 from the puncture tube seat 12, and the stuck tissue block can be taken out from the one-way air blocking valve 5. After the tissue block is obtained, rotate and screw on the conversion tube seat 3 again.

[0062] Embodiment 2:

[0063] Refer to Figure 23 , the outer diameter of the puncture tube body 11 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the outer diameter of the anti-slip texture gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0064] Others are the same as Embodiment 1.

[0065] Embodiment 3:

[0066] Refer to Figure 24 , the outer diameter of the puncture tube body 11 is equal from top to bottom, and the outer diameter of the anti-slip texture gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0067] Others are the same as Embodiment 1.

[0068] Embodiment 4:

[0069] Refer to Figure 25 , the anti-slip texture is a male thread 112, and the distance between the outermost edge of the male thread 112 and the outer wall of the puncture tube body gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0070] Others are the same as Embodiment 1.

[0071] The above embodiments are descriptions of the present invention, not limitations of the present invention. Any solution obtained by simply transforming the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar, characterized in that: It includes a vertically arranged puncture cannula (1), a sealing assembly arranged at the top of the puncture cannula (1), a puncture needle rod (2) that can vertically pass through the puncture cannula (1) and the sealing assembly simultaneously, and an air valve (6) connected to the puncture cannula (1). The puncture cannula (1) includes a puncture tube base (12) and a puncture tube body (11) arranged coaxially one above the other. Anti-slip textures are provided on the outer wall of the puncture tube body (11). The distance between the outermost edge of the anti-slip texture and the outer wall of the puncture tube body (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The outer diameter of the puncture tube body (11) gradually decreases or is equal from top to bottom. When the outer diameter of the puncture tube body (11) gradually decreases from top to bottom, the outer diameter of the anti-slip texture gradually increases from top to bottom. When the outer diameter of the puncture tube body (11) is equal from top to bottom, the outer diameter of the anti-slip texture gradually increases from top to bottom. The anti-slip texture is a number of circular concave-convex patterns (111) or male threads (112) arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

2. The disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar according to claim 1, wherein: The sealing assembly includes a conversion tube base (3), a positioning ring (4), and a one-way air-blocking valve (5). The conversion tube base (3) includes a locking upper shell (31), a comprehensive sealing valve, and a locking lower shell (32). The comprehensive sealing valve is clamped and fixed between the locking upper shell (31) and the locking lower shell (32). The locking lower shell (32) is detachably installed at the top of the puncture tube base (12). The one-way air-blocking valve (5) is jointly installed in the puncture tube base (12) under the pressing force of the positioning ring (4).

3. The disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar according to claim 2, wherein: An outer lateral seat body annular protrusion (121) extends horizontally outward from the upper end outer wall of the puncture tube base (12). A seat body annular inner protrusion (123) and a seat body annular outer protrusion (122) are concentrically arranged on the top surface of the seat body annular lateral protrusion (121) from the inside to the outside. A number of seat body convex columns (124) are arranged in a ring around the top surface of the seat body annular lateral protrusion (121) and located between the seat body annular inner protrusion (123) and the seat body annular outer protrusion (122). A number of ring body insertion holes (41) corresponding to each of the seat body convex columns (124) are arranged in a ring above the positioning ring (4). An outer lateral valve body annular protrusion (51) extends horizontally outward from the upper end outer wall of the one-way air-blocking valve (5). A number of valve body insertion holes (52) corresponding to each of the seat body convex columns (124) are arranged on the valve body annular protrusion (51). Each of the seat body convex columns (124) is respectively installed in a nailed manner with the corresponding valve body insertion hole (52) and ring body insertion hole (41) from bottom to top. A number of rotary chucks (1221) are arranged in a ring around the outer wall of the seat body annular outer protrusion (122). A number of rotary blocks (321) respectively cooperating with each of the rotary chucks (1221) are arranged on the lower end inner wall of the locking lower shell (32).

4. The disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar according to claim 3, wherein: A valve body annular groove (53) adapted to the seat body annular inner protrusion (123) is provided on the bottom surface of the valve body annular protrusion (51).

5. The disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar according to claim 3, wherein: An outer lateral extension is formed at the lower outer wall of the upper locking shell (31) to form a shell outer turned edge (311). An inner lateral extension is formed at the upper inner wall of the lower locking shell (32) to form a shell annular side protrusion (322). A shell annular upper protrusion (323) and a shell annular lower protrusion (324) are respectively arranged on the top surface and the bottom surface of the shell annular side protrusion (322). The shell outer turned edge (311), the shell annular side protrusion (322), and the shell annular upper protrusion (323) together form a mounting groove for clamping and fixing the integrated sealing valve. The top surface of the valve body annular side protrusion (51) extends upward to form a valve body annular upper protrusion (54), and the valve body annular upper protrusion (54) can be wrapped outside the shell annular lower protrusion (324).

6. The disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar according to claim 2, wherein: The integrated sealing valve includes a locking ring (33), petal-shaped protectors (34), a flexible gasket (35), and a support ring (36). The edge of the flexible gasket (35) is clamped between the upper locking shell (31) and the lower locking shell (32), and the center sinks to form an inverted cone part (351). Several annular wavy folding parts (353) are further arranged on the outer edge of the flexible gasket (35). A cone middle hole (3511) is arranged at the center of the inverted cone part (351). The petal-shaped protectors (34) include arc-shaped strips (341) and arc-shaped pieces (342). The arc-shaped inner edge of the arc-shaped strip (341) extends downward and is fixed to the arc-shaped piece (342). The radian of the arc-shaped piece (342) is adapted to the radian of the inverted cone part (351). Several petal-shaped protectors (34) are arranged around the upper part of the flexible gasket (35) and are arranged along the cone middle hole (3511). The arc-shaped pieces (342) of each petal-shaped protector (34) are overlapped with each other. The locking ring (33) is located above each petal-shaped protector (34). The support ring (36) is located below the flexible gasket (35), and several ring body convex columns (361) are arranged around the top surface. Several ring body sockets (331), strip body sockets (3411), and gasket body sockets (352) corresponding to each ring body convex column (361) are respectively arranged above the inner circles of the locking ring (33), the arc-shaped strip (341), and the wavy folding part (353) of the flexible gasket (35). Each ring body convex column (361) is respectively installed in a nail-matching manner with the corresponding gasket body socket (352), strip body socket (3411), and ring body socket (331) from bottom to top in sequence.

7. The disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar according to claim 6, wherein: The bottom surface of the locking ring (33) is concentrically provided with an inner ring body annular protrusion (333) and an outer ring body annular protrusion (332) from the inside to the outside. Each of the ring body insertion holes (331) is arranged around between the inner ring body annular protrusion (333) and the outer ring body annular protrusion (332). The top surface of the support ring (36) is concentrically provided with an inner annular protrusion (363) and an outer annular protrusion (362) of the ring body from the inside to the outside. Each of the ring body convex columns (361) is respectively arranged around between the inner annular protrusion (363) and the outer annular protrusion (362) of the ring body. The inner ring of the wavy folding part (353) of the flexible gasket (35) and the arc strips (341) of the petal guards (34) are embedded and fixedly installed between the locking ring (33) and the support ring (36).

8. The disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar according to claim 2, wherein: The puncture needle rod (2) includes a puncture needle rod body (21), a puncture cone head (22) and a puncture seal cover (23). The puncture seal cover (23) and the puncture cone head (22) are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the puncture needle rod body (21). The bottom surface of the puncture seal cover (23) is provided with a plurality of limit insertion blocks (221). The top surface of the locking upper shell (31) is provided with a plurality of limit notches respectively cooperating with the limit insertion blocks (221).

9. The disposable variable-diameter laparoscopic trocar according to claim 1, wherein: The air valve (6) includes an air pipe (61) and a valve core (62). One end of the air pipe (61) is connected to the puncture tube base (12). The valve core (62) can open or cut off the gas passage of the air pipe (61). At least two air valves (6) are installed on the puncture cannula (1) for gas injection. The diameter of the air pipe (61) of the air valve (6) installed on the puncture cannula (1) for gas injection is larger than the diameter of the air pipe (61) of the air valve (6) installed on the puncture cannula (1) for gas exhaust. An exhaust mechanism (7) is further installed on the air valve (6) installed on the puncture cannula (1) for gas exhaust. The exhaust mechanism (7) includes an exhaust sleeve, an exhaust bracket and an exhaust fan. The exhaust sleeve is installed on the air pipe (61). The exhaust fan is rotatably connected in the exhaust sleeve through the exhaust bracket and can continuously suck the gas out along the puncture tube base (12) when rotating.

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