A thermal management method, system and vehicle for a vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a heat management method and system for a vehicle and the vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring state information of the current vehicle and an ambient temperature where the vehicle is located; if the state information is a non-charging state, acquiring a driving state of the vehicle, and controlling opening and closing of a self-heating subsystem and / or a temperature control subsystem based on the ambient temperature and the driving state, so as to perform heat management on the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem; and if the state information is a charging state, controlling opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem based on the ambient temperature, so as to perform heat management on the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem. The method adjusts the temperature control strategy of the vehicle based on the ambient temperature, the state information and the driving state, thereby improving the heat management efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle thermal management, and in particular to a thermal management method and system for a vehicle and the vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] The thermal management performance level of a pure electric vehicle has an important influence on the overall performance and safety of the electric vehicle. Among them, the power battery is the most important part of the entire electric vehicle thermal management system. The power battery needs to be accurately cooled during daily discharging and charging to prevent the temperature from being too high. At the same time, in the cold environment of the northern region, there is also a working condition that the power battery needs to be heated, and the heating temperature and heating rate need to be more accurately controlled to prevent the battery life from being attenuated due to excessive temperature rise. In addition, the summer cooling and winter heating of the passenger compartment also belong to the part of the vehicle thermal management.

[0003] However, the thermal management efficiency of the traditional thermal management control method is still low, and when the external conditions change, the vehicle thermal management cannot be targeted. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a thermal management method and system for a vehicle and the vehicle. The method adjusts the vehicle temperature control strategy based on the environmental temperature, state information and driving state, thereby improving the thermal management efficiency.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A thermal management method for a vehicle is used in a thermal management system. The system includes a self-heating subsystem and a temperature control subsystem. The self-heating subsystem is used to heat the power battery of the vehicle. The self-heating subsystem is in communication with the temperature control subsystem. The temperature control subsystem is also in communication with the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The temperature control subsystem is used to control the temperature of the power battery and the passenger compartment. The method includes obtaining the state information of the current vehicle and the environmental temperature in which the vehicle is located. If the state information is in a non-charging state, the driving state of the vehicle is obtained, and the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem are controlled based on the environmental temperature and the driving state, so that the vehicle is thermally managed based on the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem. If the state information is in a charging state, the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem are controlled based on the environmental temperature, so that the vehicle is thermally managed based on the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem.

[0007] Preferably, the temperature control subsystem comprises a PTC heating subsystem, the self-heating subsystem is connected with the PTC heating subsystem, the PTC heating subsystem is communicated with a passenger cabin of the vehicle, and the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem is controlled based on the ambient temperature and the driving state, so as to perform thermal management on the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem, including: if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a first preset temperature and the vehicle is not in the driving state, starting the self-heating subsystem to heat the power battery; if it is detected that the temperature of the heated power battery reaches a battery discharge heating threshold, stopping the self-heating subsystem and starting the PTC heating subsystem to heat the power battery based on the PTC heating subsystem and supply heat to the passenger cabin based on the PTC heating subsystem.

[0008] Preferably, after starting the self-heating subsystem, if it is detected that the vehicle is in the driving state, the self-heating subsystem is stopped and the PTC heating subsystem is started to heat the power battery based on the PTC heating subsystem and supply heat to the passenger cabin based on the PTC heating subsystem.

[0009] Preferably, the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem is controlled based on the ambient temperature to perform thermal management on the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem, including: if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a second preset temperature, obtaining the temperature of the power battery; if the temperature of the power battery is less than or equal to the second preset temperature, starting the self-heating subsystem to heat the power battery; if the temperature of the power battery is in a third preset temperature range, stopping the self-heating subsystem and starting the PTC heating subsystem to heat the power battery based on the PTC heating subsystem and supply heat to the passenger cabin based on the PTC heating subsystem.

[0010] Preferably, the temperature control subsystem further includes an air conditioning subsystem, the self-heating subsystem is connected to the air conditioning subsystem, and the air conditioning subsystem is connected to the passenger compartment. The step of controlling the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem based on the ambient temperature and the driving state, so as to perform thermal management of the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem, further includes: if the ambient temperature is greater than the first preset temperature and the vehicle is not in the driving state, then activating the self-heating subsystem to heat the power battery; if it is detected that the temperature of the heated power battery reaches the battery discharge heating threshold, then deactivating the self-heating subsystem and activating the PTC heating subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem, so as to heat the power battery based on the PTC heating subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem, and to supply heat to the passenger compartment based on the PTC heating subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem.

[0011] Preferably, after activating the PTC heating subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem, the method further includes: adjusting the power ratio of the PTC heating subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem according to changes in the ambient temperature.

[0012] Secondly, through an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0013] A thermal management system for a vehicle includes: a thermal management controller, a self-heating subsystem, and a temperature control subsystem. The self-heating subsystem heats the vehicle's power battery and is connected to the temperature control subsystem, which is also connected to the vehicle's passenger compartment. The temperature control subsystem controls the temperature of the power battery and the passenger compartment. The thermal management controller is connected to both the self-heating subsystem and the temperature control subsystem. The controller acquires the current vehicle status information and the ambient temperature of the vehicle. If the status information indicates a non-charging state, it acquires the vehicle's driving status and, based on the ambient temperature and driving status, controls the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem to perform thermal management of the vehicle. If the status information indicates a charging state, it controls the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem based on the ambient temperature to perform thermal management of the vehicle.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature control subsystem includes a PTC heating subsystem and an air conditioning subsystem. The PTC heating subsystem includes a first heat exchanger, and the air conditioning subsystem includes a second heat exchanger. The self-heating subsystem is connected to the PTC heating subsystem via the first heat exchanger and to the air conditioning subsystem via the second heat exchanger. Both the PTC heating subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem are connected to the vehicle's passenger compartment. Both the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are connected to the thermal management controller. The PTC heating subsystem is used to heat the power battery and supply heat to the passenger compartment. The air conditioning subsystem is used to heat or cool the power battery and supply heat or coolness to the passenger compartment. The first heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between the self-heating subsystem and the PTC heating subsystem, and the second heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between the self-heating subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem.

[0015] Preferably, the self-heating subsystem includes: a power battery, an electric drive assembly, a first water pump, and a first three-way valve, wherein the first three-way valve is connected to the thermal management controller; the first three-way valve is connected to the input end of the electric drive assembly, the inlet of the first water pump, and the first outlet of the second heat exchanger, respectively; the inlet of the first water pump is also connected to the output end of the electric drive assembly; the outlet of the first water pump is connected to the input end of the power battery; the output end of the power battery is connected to the first inlet of the first heat exchanger; and the first outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the first inlet of the second heat exchanger; the second inlet and the second outlet of the first heat exchanger are connected to the flow channel of the PTC heating subsystem, and the second inlet and the second outlet of the second heat exchanger are connected to the flow channel of the air conditioning subsystem.

[0016] Thirdly, through one embodiment of the present invention, the following technical solution is provided:

[0017] A vehicle includes: a vehicle body and a fuel vehicle immersion protection system as described in the second aspect above.

[0018] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0019] The thermal management method provided in this invention is applied to a thermal management system, which includes a self-heating subsystem and a temperature control subsystem. The self-heating subsystem is used to efficiently heat the power battery. However, the self-heating subsystem cannot operate while the vehicle is in motion. Therefore, when the vehicle is not charging, this application obtains the vehicle's driving status. Based on the ambient temperature and the vehicle's driving status, it can determine whether to activate the self-heating subsystem or the temperature control subsystem to achieve the most effective thermal management, improve thermal management efficiency, further save energy, and effectively ensure the stability of vehicle thermal management. When the vehicle is charging, the application obtains the ambient temperature and determines whether to activate the self-heating subsystem or the temperature control subsystem to maximize the temperature control efficiency of the subsystem. Furthermore, since this application includes multiple heating subsystems, when the temperature control subsystem is used to control the temperature of the power battery and passenger compartment, the vehicle can still drive normally. This effectively avoids the problem of the vehicle being unable to drive when only the self-heating subsystem can heat the power battery, thus broadening the applicable scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system for a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a thermal management method for vehicles provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration cycle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heating cycle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 10-Self-heating subsystem; 101-Power battery; 102-Electric drive assembly; 103-First water pump; 104-First three-way valve; 20-PTC heating subsystem; 201-PTC water heater; 202-Second water pump; 203-Second three-way valve; 204-First heat exchanger; 205-Heat air core; 206-Heated compartment; 207-First fan; 30-Air conditioning subsystem; 301-Electric compressor; 302-Evaporator; 303-Second heat exchanger; 304-Expansion valve; 305-Condenser; 306-Cold compartment; 307-Second fan; 40-Crew compartment. Detailed Implementation

[0029] This application provides a thermal management method, system, and vehicle for vehicles. The method can adjust the vehicle temperature control strategy based on ambient temperature, status information, and driving status to maximize thermal management efficiency.

[0030] The overall technical solution of this application embodiment is as follows:

[0031] A thermal management method for a vehicle is applied in a thermal management system, the system comprising: a self-heating subsystem and a temperature control subsystem. The self-heating subsystem is used to heat the vehicle's power battery. The self-heating subsystem is connected to the temperature control subsystem, which is also connected to the vehicle's passenger compartment. The temperature control subsystem is used to control the temperature of the power battery and the passenger compartment. The method comprises: acquiring current vehicle status information and the ambient temperature of the vehicle; if the status information indicates a non-charging state, acquiring the vehicle's driving state, and controlling the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem based on the ambient temperature and the driving state, so as to perform thermal management of the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem; if the status information indicates a charging state, controlling the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem based on the ambient temperature, so as to perform thermal management of the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem.

[0032] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0033] It should be noted that the PTC heating subsystem mentioned in this application specifically refers to the (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heating subsystem.

[0034] Firstly, the embodiments of the present invention provide a thermal management system for a power battery, specifically, as follows:Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a thermal management controller (not shown in the figure), a self-heating subsystem 10, and a temperature control subsystem, wherein:

[0035] The self-heating subsystem 10 is used to heat the vehicle's power battery 101. The self-heating subsystem 10 is connected to the temperature control subsystem, which is connected to the vehicle's passenger compartment 40. The temperature control subsystem is used to control the temperature of the power battery 101 and the passenger compartment 40.

[0036] Preferably, the temperature control subsystem may include a PTC heating subsystem 20 and an air conditioning subsystem 30. The PTC heating subsystem 20 includes a first heat exchanger 204, and the air conditioning subsystem 30 includes a second heat exchanger 303. The self-heating subsystem 10 is connected to the PTC heating subsystem 20 via the first heat exchanger 204 and to the air conditioning subsystem 30 via the second heat exchanger 303. Both the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30 are connected to the vehicle's passenger compartment 40, and both the first heat exchanger 204 and the second heat exchanger 303 are connected to the thermal management controller.

[0037] Of course, as an alternative embodiment, the temperature control subsystem may consist only of the PTC heating subsystem 20, with the self-heating subsystem 10 connected to the PTC heating subsystem 20 via a heat exchanger, and the PTC heating subsystem 20 connected to the crew compartment 40.

[0038] The PTC heating subsystem 20 is used to heat the power battery 101 and supply heat to the passenger compartment 40. The air conditioning subsystem 30 is used to heat or cool the power battery 101 and supply heat or cool to the passenger compartment 40. The first heat exchanger 204 is used to exchange heat between the self-heating subsystem 10 and the PTC heating subsystem 20. The second heat exchanger 303 is used to exchange heat between the self-heating subsystem 10 and the air conditioning subsystem 30.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the self-heating subsystem 10 includes: a power battery 101, an electric drive assembly 102, a first water pump 103, and a first three-way valve 104. The first three-way valve 104 is connected to a thermal management controller. The first three-way valve 104 is connected to the input terminal of the electric drive assembly 102, the inlet of the first water pump 103, and the first inlet of the second heat exchanger 303. The inlet of the first water pump 103 is also connected to the output terminal of the electric drive assembly 102. The outlet of the first water pump 103 is connected to the input terminal of the power battery 101. The output terminal of the power battery 101 is connected to the first inlet of the first heat exchanger 204. The first outlet of the first heat exchanger 204 is connected to the first inlet of the second heat exchanger 303. The second inlet and second outlet of the first heat exchanger 204 are connected to the flow channels of the PTC heating subsystem 20, and the second inlet and second outlet of the second heat exchanger 303 are connected to the flow channels of the air conditioning subsystem 30.

[0040] Specifically, the self-heating subsystem 10 also includes a motor controller (not shown in the figure). The motor controller, the power battery 101 and the electric drive assembly 102 form a circuit. The motor controller controls the periodic switching of the bridge arm structure in the self-heating subsystem 10 to realize high-frequency pulses in the battery system circuit. The power battery 101 is self-heated through the battery impedance.

[0041] When the power battery 101 activates its self-heating function, the power battery flow channel, PTC flow channel, and heat pump circulation stop working, and heating is achieved solely through the high-frequency pulse current between the power battery 101 and the electric drive assembly 102.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to achieve more efficient geothermal management and avoid energy waste, when the temperature of the electric drive assembly 102 is higher than that of the power battery flow channel, the b end of the first three-way valve 104 can be opened and the a end of the first three-way valve 104 can be closed, thus opening the power battery flow channel. This allows the heated water in the power battery flow channel to flow to the electric drive assembly 102, carrying away the heat released by the electric drive assembly 102 and directing it to the water pump. This recovers and utilizes the heat generated by the operation of the electric drive assembly 102 to heat the power battery 101.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the PTC heating subsystem 20 may specifically include: a PTC water heater 201, a second water pump 202, a warm air core 205, a first heat exchanger 204, a first heating chamber, and a second three-way valve 203. Specifically, the output end of the PTC water heater 201 is connected to the inlet of the second water pump 202, the outlet of the second water pump 202 is connected to end a of the second three-way valve 203, end b of the second three-way valve 203 is connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchanger 204, and the second outlet is connected to the input end of the PTC water heater 201. One end of the warm air core 205 is connected to the input end of the PTC water heater 201, and the other end is connected to end c of the second three-way valve 203. The warm air core 205 is located inside the first heating chamber.

[0044] Specifically, when all three terminals (a, b, and c) of the second three-way valve 203 are open, the PTC water heater 201 heats the water. Firstly, the heated water flows through the second water pump 202, terminals a and b of the second three-way valve 203, and then to the first heat exchanger 204, where heat exchange is achieved to heat the power battery 101. Secondly, the heated water also flows through the second water pump 202, terminals a and c of the second three-way valve 203, and then to the heater core 205. The heater core 205 heats the air in the heating chamber 206 before delivering it to the passenger compartment 40. Figure 1 As shown, the first fan 207 delivers hot air from the heated compartment 206 to the crew compartment 40.

[0045] It should be noted that when only the crew compartment 40 needs to be heated, the first heat exchanger 204 can be shut down, so that the first heat exchanger 204 stops working and the PTC heat is only transferred to the crew compartment 40.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the air conditioning subsystem 30 may specifically include: an electric compressor 301, an evaporator 302, an expansion valve 304, a condenser 305, a cold air compartment 306, a second heat exchanger 303, and a second warm air compartment. The electric compressor 301 is sequentially connected to the evaporator 302, the second inlet and second outlet of the second heat exchanger 303, the expansion valve 304, the condenser 305, and the electric compressor 301 to form a circuit. The condenser 305 is located within the cold air compartment 306, and the evaporator 302 is located within the second warm air compartment. Wherein, as... Figure 1 As shown, the first heating chamber and the second heating chamber can be a single heating chamber 206.

[0047] Specifically, when the air conditioning subsystem 30 is in heating mode, such as Figure 3 As shown, the air conditioning subsystem 30 operates in a counter-clockwise heating cycle. The electric compressor 301 compresses air into the evaporator 302, which transfers heat to the heated compartment 206 to heat the air. The heated air is then delivered to the passenger compartment 40 by the first fan 207 inside the heated compartment 206. Another portion of the heat flows to the second heat exchanger 303 to exchange heat with the power battery channel, heating the working fluid in the water circuit of the power battery 101 and thus heating the power battery 101.

[0048] When the air conditioning subsystem 30 is in cooling mode, such as Figure 4 As shown, the air conditioning subsystem 30 operates in a clockwise cooling cycle. The electric compressor 301 compresses air into the condenser 305, which absorbs heat from the air-conditioning compartment 306. The cold air in the air-conditioning compartment 306 is then transported to the passenger compartment 40 by the second fan 307 within the compartment. Another portion of the cold air flows through the expansion valve 304 to the second heat exchanger 303, where it exchanges heat with the power battery flow path, cooling the working fluid in the water circuit of the power battery 101 and thus cooling the power battery 101.

[0049] It should be noted that when only cooling or heating of the passenger compartment 40 is needed, the second heat exchanger 303 can be shut down by controlling it to stop working, and the cold or hot air generated by the air conditioning subsystem 30 will only be delivered to the passenger compartment 40.

[0050] The self-heating subsystem 10 proposed in this application is used to heat the power battery 101, the PTC heating subsystem 20 is used to heat the power battery 101 and the passenger compartment 40, and the air conditioning subsystem 30 is used to cool or heat the power battery 101 and the passenger compartment 40. In practical applications, the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30 can operate simultaneously to control the temperature of the power battery 101 and the passenger compartment 40. When only the temperature of the passenger compartment 40 needs to be controlled, the first heat exchanger 204 and the second heat exchanger 303 can be shut down.

[0051] like Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the control circuit structure included in this application, comprising: a power supply, a main positive relay K1, a pre-charge relay K2, a main negative relay K3, an accessory relay K4, an accessory relay K5, an electric drive assembly 102, a PTC heating subsystem 20, an air conditioning subsystem (EAC) 30, an on-board charger (OBC), and a fast charging port. The main positive relay K1 and the pre-charge relay K2 are connected in parallel, and then in parallel with the main negative relay K3. The PTC heating subsystem 20, the air conditioning subsystem (EAC) 30, and the on-board charger (OBC) are connected in parallel, and then in series with the accessory relay K4, forming the first branch. The accessory relay K5 is connected in series with the fast charging port, forming the second branch. The electric drive assembly, the first branch, and the second branch are connected in parallel.

[0052] Secondly, based on the same inventive concept, this application provides a thermal management method for vehicles, applied in a thermal management system, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes steps S101-S104:

[0053] Step S101: Obtain the current vehicle status information and the ambient temperature of the vehicle;

[0054] Step S102: If the status information is a non-charging state, then obtain the vehicle's driving status, and based on the ambient temperature and the driving status, control the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem 10 and / or the temperature control subsystem to perform thermal management on the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem 10 and / or the temperature control subsystem.

[0055] Step S103: If the status information is a charging state, then based on the ambient temperature, control the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem 10 and / or the temperature control subsystem to perform thermal management on the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem 10 and / or the temperature control subsystem.

[0056] Optionally, the temperature control subsystem may include a PTC heating subsystem 20, with the self-heating subsystem 10 connected to the PTC heating subsystem 20. The PTC heating subsystem 20 is also connected to the vehicle's passenger compartment 40. In a specific embodiment, the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem 10 and / or the temperature control subsystem is controlled based on the ambient temperature and driving conditions. Specifically, this may include:

[0057] If the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, and the vehicle is not in operation, the self-heating subsystem 10 is activated to heat the power battery 101. For example, the first preset temperature can be -5℃.

[0058] Of course, the first preset temperature can also be a range, such as -5℃ to -10℃, etc., and this application does not limit it. It should be noted that the driving state mentioned in this application can include two states: preparing to drive and driving.

[0059] Specifically, when the vehicle is not charging, the ambient temperature is ≤-5℃, and the vehicle does not need to be driven, the power battery 101 is preheated. In this case, the self-heating subsystem 10 is responsible for heating the power battery 101. Figure 5 As you can see, K1 and K3 in the circuit are closed, while the other relays are open.

[0060] It should be noted that when the self-heating subsystem 10 is turned on, the vehicle cannot drive normally, but K4 can be closed according to usage needs, that is, the passenger compartment 40 is heated through the PTC heating subsystem 20.

[0061] Specifically, the temperature of the heated power battery 101 is detected. If the temperature of the heated power battery 101 reaches the battery discharge heating threshold K, the self-heating subsystem 10 is shut down, and the PTC heating subsystem 20 is turned on to heat the power battery 101 and supply heat to the passenger compartment 40 based on the PTC heating subsystem 20. Figure 5 As you can see, only K1, K3, and K4 in the circuit are closed, while the other relays are open. At this time, the vehicle can run normally at high power.

[0062] The battery discharge heating threshold K can be 7°C. Specifically, when the temperature of the power battery 101 is below a preset requirement, the heating efficiency of the self-heating subsystem 10 is higher than that of the PTC heating subsystem 20. However, when the temperature of the power battery 101 reaches the preset requirement, the heating efficiency of the PTC heating subsystem 20 becomes more significant. Therefore, to ensure heating efficiency, when the temperature of the heated power battery 101 reaches 7°C, the self-heating subsystem 10 is turned off, and the PTC heating subsystem 20 is turned on. It should be noted that before supplying heat to the passenger compartment 40 based on the PTC heating subsystem 20, the process may also include: supplying heat to the passenger compartment 40 upon receiving a thermal management request from the passenger compartment 40.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, after activating the self-heating subsystem 10, the system may further include: if the vehicle is detected to be in a driving state, then the self-heating subsystem 10 is deactivated and the PTC heating subsystem 20 is activated to heat the power battery 101 and supply heat to the passenger compartment 40 based on the PTC heating subsystem 20, so that the vehicle can drive according to the maximum allowable power of the power battery 101 currently loaded.

[0064] Generally speaking, the self-heating subsystem 10 has the highest heating efficiency for the power battery 101. However, the vehicle cannot drive when the self-heating subsystem 10 is turned on. Therefore, if the vehicle needs to drive while the self-heating subsystem 10 is on, the self-heating subsystem 10 is turned off and the PTC heating subsystem 20 is turned on to heat the power battery 101.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, if the status information indicates a charging state, the self-heating subsystem 10 and / or the temperature control subsystem are controlled to open and close based on the ambient temperature, so as to perform thermal management of the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem 10 and / or the temperature control subsystem. Specifically, this may include:

[0066] If the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the temperature of the power battery 101 is obtained. If the temperature of the power battery 101 is less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the self-heating subsystem 10 is activated to heat the power battery 101. The second preset temperature is less than or equal to the first preset temperature. For example, the second preset temperature could be -20℃. Of course, the first preset temperature could also be a range, such as between -15℃ and -20℃, etc. This application does not impose any limitations.

[0067] Specifically, when the vehicle is charging and the ambient temperature is ≤-20℃ and the battery temperature is ≤-20℃, DC fast charging of the power battery 101 is not allowed due to the low external temperature. Only the self-heating function is turned on to heat the battery, that is, relays K1 and K3 are closed and the other relays are open.

[0068] When the temperature of the power battery 101 reaches the third preset temperature range, the self-heating subsystem 10 is turned off, and the PTC heating subsystem 20 is turned on to heat the power battery 101 and supply heat to the passenger compartment 40. For example, the range of the third preset temperature range can be (-20, -5]℃.

[0069] Specifically, the self-heating subsystem 10 is activated, and when the temperature of the power battery 101 reaches -5℃, the system is deactivated, and relays K1, K3, and K5 are closed to perform DC fast charging for the vehicle. When the power battery 101 is in the third preset temperature range (-20℃, -5℃), if heating of the passenger compartment is required during the heating process, the self-heating subsystem 10 must be deactivated, and the power battery 101 and passenger compartment will be heated and supplied to the vehicle via the PTC heating subsystem 20. At this time, the DC charging pile supplies power to the PTC heating subsystem 20 and charges the power battery 101, and relays K1, K3, K5, and K4 are closed.

[0070] DC fast charging of the vehicle includes: DC charging of the battery according to the charging power map, that is, DC charging of the battery according to the preset power table, which includes the fast charging current and power corresponding to different temperatures and different remaining capacities (SOC).

[0071] Specifically, when the vehicle is charging, the ambient temperature is ≤-20℃, and the battery temperature is between -20℃ and -5℃, the battery is DC charged according to the charging power map, the self-heating subsystem 10 is turned off, and the PTC heating subsystem 20 is turned on. Figure 5 From the perspective of the time frame, K1, K3, K4, and K5 are closed, while K2 is open.

[0072] If the vehicle is charging and the ambient temperature is within the third preset temperature range (e.g., (-20, -5]℃), then the power battery 101 is DC charged according to the charging power map, and power is supplied to the PTC heating subsystem 20 to heat the power battery 101 and supply heat to the passenger compartment 40 based on the PTC heating subsystem 20. Figure 5 From the perspective of the time frame, K1, K3, K4, and K5 are closed, while K2 is open.

[0073] In a specific embodiment, the temperature control subsystem further includes an air conditioning subsystem 30, a self-heating subsystem 10 connected to the air conditioning subsystem 30, and the air conditioning subsystem 30 connected to the passenger compartment 40. Based on the ambient temperature and driving status, the self-heating subsystem 10 and / or the temperature control subsystem are controlled to open and close, so as to perform thermal management of the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem 10 and / or the temperature control subsystem. It may also include:

[0074] If the ambient temperature is higher than the first preset temperature and the vehicle is not in operation, the self-heating subsystem 10 is activated to heat the power battery 101. When the vehicle is not charging, the ambient temperature is >-5℃, and the vehicle does not need to be driven, the power battery 101 is preheated in advance, relying entirely on the self-heating function of the power battery 101 for heating.

[0075] It should be noted that when the self-heating subsystem 10 is turned on, the vehicle cannot function normally. However, K4 can be closed according to usage needs, that is, the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30 work together to heat the passenger compartment 40.

[0076] Specifically, the temperature of the heated power battery 101 is detected. If the temperature of the heated power battery 101 reaches the battery discharge heating threshold K, the self-heating subsystem 10 is shut down, and the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30 are turned on to heat the power battery 101 and supply heat to the passenger compartment 40 based on the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30. Figure 5 As you can see, K1, K3, and K4 are closed at this time, and the other relays are open. At this time, the vehicle can run normally with high power.

[0077] In a specific embodiment, after activating the self-heating subsystem 10, the system may further include: if the vehicle is detected to be in a driving state, then the self-heating subsystem 10 is deactivated, and the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30 are activated, so as to heat the power battery 101 based on the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30, and to supply heat to the passenger compartment 40 based on the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30, so that the vehicle can drive according to the maximum allowable power of the power battery 101 currently loaded.

[0078] Specifically, when the ambient temperature is > -5℃, if the vehicle is detected to be in driving mode while the self-heating subsystem 10 is in the on state, the self-heating subsystem 10 is turned off and the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30 are turned on.

[0079] It should be noted that when the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30 work together for heating, the heating coefficient of the air conditioning subsystem 30 is also low when the ambient temperature is low due to environmental limitations.

[0080] Therefore, to achieve a higher coefficient of performance (COP) and better heating efficiency in the vehicle's thermal management system, after activating the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30, the system may further include adjusting the power ratio of the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30 based on changes in ambient temperature. The power of the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30 is related to their COP; a higher COP results in higher power. Generally, the COP of a heat pump is greater than 1, while the maximum COP of the PTC heating subsystem 20 is 1.

[0081] As the ambient temperature gradually increases, the heat pump's heating performance is better than that of the PTC heating subsystem. Specifically, when the ambient temperature is below -5°C, the heat pump's performance is limited, and icing is prone to occur at the cold air exhaust end; therefore, the PTC heating subsystem 20 is used for heating. As the temperature increases, the heat pump's performance improves, thus increasing the heat pump's heating share α and improving the overall heating efficiency of the thermal management system. It should be noted that the optimal power ratio between the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the heat pump can be obtained through prior laboratory calibration.

[0082] Specifically, the temperature control subsystem also includes an air conditioning subsystem 30. The aforementioned control of the self-heating subsystem 10 and / or the temperature control subsystem based on ambient temperature, to perform thermal management of the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem 10 and / or the temperature control subsystem, may further include:

[0083] If the ambient temperature exceeds the fourth preset temperature, the power battery 101 is DC charged according to the charging power, and the PTC heating subsystem 20 and air conditioning subsystem 30 are activated to heat the power battery 101 and supply heat to the passenger compartment 40, until the temperature reaches the threshold value required to shut off heating. Figure 5 As you can see, K1, K3, K4, and K5 are closed at this point, while K2 is open. For example, the fourth preset temperature is equal to the first preset temperature, which is -5℃.

[0084] Specifically, when the vehicle is charging and the ambient temperature is >-5℃, the battery is DC charged according to the charging power map, and the PTC and heat pump are powered through the charging pile for combined heating and heat supply.

[0085] In a specific embodiment, when the self-heating subsystem 10 is in the on state and the ambient temperature is ≤-5℃, if it is necessary to heat the crew compartment 40 at this time, the self-heating subsystem 10 is turned off, the PTC heating subsystem 20 is turned on, the first heat exchanger 204 stops working, and the PTC heat is only transferred to the crew compartment 40.

[0086] When the ambient temperature is >5℃, if it is necessary to heat the crew compartment 40, the self-heating system will be turned off, and the PTC heating system and heat pump will be turned on. The first heat exchanger 204 and the second heat exchanger 303 will both stop working, and the heat from the PTC and heat pump will only be transferred to the crew compartment 40.

[0087] When the power battery 101 is only under PTC heating, the power battery flow channel and the PTC heating subsystem 20 flow channel are opened. On the one hand, after the PTC heats the water, it heats the water in the power battery flow channel through the first heat exchanger 204, thereby heating the battery. On the other hand, after the PTC heats the water, it heats the air in the heating chamber 206 through the warm air core 205, providing heating to the passenger cabin.

[0088] When the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30 operate simultaneously, the power battery flow channel, the PTC flow channel, and the heat pump all work concurrently. On one hand, the working fluid in the power battery flow channel is heated through the first heat exchanger 204 and the second heat exchanger 303. On the other hand, the air in the heated compartment 206 is heated simultaneously through the warm air core 205 and the evaporator 302, providing warmth to the passenger compartment.

[0089] The thermal management method for power battery 101 provided in this application includes at least:

[0090] 1. When the vehicle is not charging, the ambient temperature is ≤-5℃, or the vehicle is not in a driving state, the self-heating subsystem 10 is activated to heat the power battery 101. When the vehicle is in a driving state, the PTC heating subsystem 20 is activated to heat the power battery 101 and supply heat to the passenger compartment.

[0091] 2. When the vehicle is not charging, the ambient temperature is > -5℃, and the vehicle is not in a driving state, the self-heating subsystem 10 is activated to heat the power battery 101. When the vehicle is in a driving state, the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30 are activated to heat the power battery 101 and provide heat to the passenger compartment 40.

[0092] 3. When the vehicle is charging and the ambient temperature is ≤-20℃, the self-heating subsystem 10 is activated to heat the power battery 101.

[0093] 4. When the vehicle is charging and the ambient temperature is between -20°C and -5°C, the PTC heating subsystem 20 is activated to heat the power battery 101 and supply heat to the passenger compartment.

[0094] 5. When the vehicle is charging and the ambient temperature is between -5°C, the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30 are turned on to heat the power battery 101 and supply heat to the passenger compartment 40 based on the PTC heating subsystem 20 and the air conditioning subsystem 30.

[0095] In summary, the thermal management method for vehicles provided by this invention determines whether the vehicle is activating a self-heating subsystem or a temperature control subsystem (including a PTC heating subsystem and an air conditioning subsystem) based on vehicle status information, ambient temperature, and driving status. Then, the system cools or heats the power battery and passenger compartment accordingly. Since this application includes multiple heating subsystems, the vehicle can still operate normally when the temperature control subsystem is used to control the temperature of the power battery and passenger compartment. This effectively avoids the problem of the vehicle being unable to drive if only the self-heating subsystem can heat the power battery, thus broadening the applicable scenarios.

[0096] Thirdly, based on the same inventive concept, such as Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a vehicle 500, including a vehicle body 501 and a thermal management system 502 as described above.

[0097] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0098] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A module that specifies the function in one or more boxes.

[0099] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction modules implemented in a process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0100] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0101] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0102] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A thermal management method for vehicles, characterized in that, The system, applied in a thermal management system, includes a self-heating subsystem and a temperature control subsystem. The self-heating subsystem is used to heat the vehicle's power battery. The self-heating subsystem is connected to the temperature control subsystem, which is also connected to the vehicle's passenger compartment. The temperature control subsystem is used to control the temperature of the power battery and the passenger compartment. The method includes: Obtain the current vehicle status information and the ambient temperature of the vehicle; If the status information indicates a non-charging state, the vehicle's driving status is acquired, and based on the ambient temperature and the driving status, the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem are controlled to open and close, so as to perform thermal management on the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem; if the status information indicates a charging state, the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem are controlled to open and close, so as to perform thermal management on the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem. The temperature control subsystem includes a PTC heating subsystem. When the status information indicates a non-charging state, if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a first preset temperature and the vehicle is not in the driving state, the self-heating subsystem is activated to heat the power battery. If the temperature of the heated power battery reaches the battery discharge heating threshold, the self-heating subsystem is deactivated, and the PTC heating subsystem is activated to heat the power battery and supply heat to the passenger compartment. The first preset temperature is between -5°C and -10°C. When the battery is in a charging state, if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a second preset temperature, the temperature of the power battery is obtained; if the power battery temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the self-heating subsystem is activated to heat the power battery; if the power battery temperature is in a third preset temperature range, the power battery is charged according to the charging power, the self-heating subsystem is turned off, and the PTC heating subsystem is activated to heat the power battery and supply heat to the passenger compartment based on the PTC heating subsystem, wherein the second preset temperature is less than or equal to the first preset temperature.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After activating the self-heating subsystem, the following is also included: If the vehicle is detected to be in the driving state, the self-heating subsystem is turned off and the PTC heating subsystem is turned on to heat the power battery and supply heat to the passenger compartment based on the PTC heating subsystem.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control subsystem further includes an air conditioning subsystem, the self-heating subsystem is connected to the air conditioning subsystem, and the air conditioning subsystem is connected to the passenger compartment. The method of controlling the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem based on the ambient temperature and the vehicle driving status, to perform thermal management of the vehicle based on the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem, further includes: If the ambient temperature is greater than the first preset temperature and the vehicle is not in the driving state, the self-heating subsystem is activated to heat the power battery. If the temperature of the heated power battery is detected to reach the battery discharge heating threshold, the self-heating subsystem is shut down, and the PTC heating subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem are turned on to heat the power battery and supply heat to the passenger compartment based on the PTC heating subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, After activating the PTC heating subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem, the process further includes: The power ratio of the PTC heating subsystem to the air conditioning subsystem is adjusted according to the change in ambient temperature.

5. A thermal management system for a vehicle, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a thermal management controller, a self-heating subsystem, and a temperature control subsystem, wherein: The self-heating subsystem is used to heat the vehicle's power battery. The self-heating subsystem is connected to the temperature control subsystem, which is connected to the vehicle's passenger compartment. The temperature control subsystem is used to control the temperature of the power battery and the passenger compartment. The thermal management controller is connected to both the self-heating subsystem and the temperature control subsystem. The thermal management controller acquires the current vehicle status information and the ambient temperature of the vehicle. If the status information indicates a non-charging state, it acquires the vehicle's driving status and, based on the ambient temperature and driving status, controls the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem to perform thermal management on the vehicle. If the status information indicates a charging state, it controls the opening and closing of the self-heating subsystem and / or the temperature control subsystem based on the ambient temperature to perform thermal management on the vehicle. The temperature control subsystem includes a PTC heating subsystem. When the status information is in a non-charging state, if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a first preset temperature and the vehicle is not in the driving state, the self-heating subsystem is activated to heat the power battery. If the temperature of the heated power battery is detected to reach the battery discharge heating threshold, the self-heating subsystem is deactivated and the PTC heating subsystem is activated to heat the power battery and supply heat to the passenger compartment based on the PTC heating subsystem. The first preset temperature is between -5°C and -10°C. When the status information indicates a charging state, if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a second preset temperature, the temperature of the power battery is obtained; if the power battery temperature is less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the self-heating subsystem is activated to heat the power battery; if the power battery temperature is within a third preset temperature range, the power battery is charged according to the charging power, the self-heating subsystem is turned off, and the PTC heating subsystem is activated to heat the power battery and supply heat to the passenger compartment based on the PTC heating subsystem, wherein the second preset temperature is less than or equal to the first preset temperature.

6. The system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature control subsystem also includes an air conditioning subsystem, the PTC heating subsystem includes a first heat exchanger, and the air conditioning subsystem includes a second heat exchanger; The self-heating subsystem is connected to the PTC heating subsystem through the first heat exchanger and to the air conditioning subsystem through the second heat exchanger. Both the PTC heating subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem are connected to the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Both the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are connected to the thermal management controller. The air conditioning subsystem is used to heat or cool the power battery and to supply heat or coolness to the passenger compartment. The first heat exchanger is used to exchange heat between the self-heating subsystem and the PTC heating subsystem, and the second heat exchanger is used to exchange heat between the self-heating subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem.

7. The system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The self-heating subsystem includes: a power battery, an electric drive assembly, a first water pump, and a first three-way valve, wherein the first three-way valve is connected to the thermal management controller; The first three-way valve is connected to the input end of the electric drive assembly, the inlet of the first water pump, and the first outlet of the second heat exchanger. The inlet of the first water pump is also connected to the output end of the electric drive assembly. The outlet of the first water pump is connected to the input end of the power battery. The output end of the power battery is connected to the first inlet of the first heat exchanger. The first outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the first inlet of the second heat exchanger. The second inlet and the second outlet of the first heat exchanger are connected to the flow channel of the PTC heating subsystem, and the second inlet and the second outlet of the second heat exchanger are connected to the flow channel of the air conditioning subsystem.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The vehicle body and the thermal management system for the vehicle as described in any one of claims 5-7.

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