A coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gear

Abstract

The application provides a coaxial double-rotor thrust system based on a magnetic gear, comprising: a power source comprising a power input shaft; a magnetic gear comprising an inner ring, an outer ring and a modulation ring arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring; wherein the power input shaft is connected with the inner ring; an inner thrust output shaft, one end of the inner thrust output shaft being connected with the modulation ring, the other end of the inner thrust output shaft being provided with a rotor or a propeller; an outer thrust output shaft, one end of the outer thrust output shaft being connected with the outer ring, the other end of the outer thrust output shaft being provided with a rotor or a propeller; wherein the rotation direction of the outer ring is opposite to that of the modulation ring; the coaxial double-rotor thrust system based on the magnetic gear can realize co-axial forward and reverse rotation of the rotor / propeller and has a certain reducer function, so that the transmission and power structure are greatly simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of power and transmission systems for aviation and marine equipment, and particularly relates to a coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gears. Background Technology

[0002] Coaxial counter-rotating rotor / propeller technology, used in aviation and marine propulsion systems, has led to an overall improvement in equipment performance. It eliminates the reverse torque caused by single-axis rotation, allowing helicopters to eliminate the need for a tail rotor, thus making overall power consumption more rational; at the same time, increased thrust allows for a smaller propulsion system size; and its hydrodynamic layout also improves handling performance.

[0003] However, the dual rotor / propeller technology places higher demands on power and transmission. For example, the mechanical transmission structure must have forward and reverse gear sets, and the electric drive must use dual motors. This makes the control mechanism more complex, increases the weight, and the complexity of the system also leads to a decrease in equipment reliability.

[0004] Therefore, despite the significant advantages of this technology, its widespread application has been severely hampered, particularly in the aviation field, where only a handful of aircraft models have adopted coaxial counter-rotor technology. Reducing the complexity of coaxial dual-rotor / propeller technology is a crucial challenge that must be overcome for its future development. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gears, comprising:

[0006] The power source includes the power input shaft;

[0007] A magnetic gear includes an inner ring, an outer ring, and a modulation ring disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring; wherein the power input shaft is connected to the inner ring;

[0008] An internal thrust output shaft, one end of which is connected to the modulation ring, and the other end of which is provided with a rotor or propeller;

[0009] An external thrust output shaft, one end of which is connected to the outer ring, and the other end of which is provided with a rotor or propeller; wherein the outer ring rotates in the opposite direction to the modulation ring.

[0010] Preferably, the power source includes a turboshaft engine and a high-speed motor; the magnetic gear includes a coaxial radially modulated magnetic gear.

[0011] Preferably, the axis of the power input shaft coincides with the center line of the inner ring, the center line of the modulation ring, and the center line of the outer ring.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a blade tilt angle adjustment device for adjusting the blade tilt angle.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes an eddy current magnetic powder damper disposed on the power input shaft; wherein the eddy current magnetic powder damper is used to control the rotational speed of the power input shaft.

[0014] Preferably, it further includes a braking device disposed on the power input shaft; wherein the braking device is used to control the rotational speed of the power input shaft.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes a drive motor, which is disposed on the power input shaft; wherein the drive motor is used to increase the rotational speed of the power input shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the inner ring uses permanent magnets to form the number of magnetic field pole pairs, or uses current windings and iron cores to form a motor stator.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows:

[0018] This application provides a coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gears, which can realize coaxial forward and reverse rotation rotors / propellers, and also has a certain speed reducer function, which greatly simplifies the transmission and power structure. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gears provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetic gear provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a composite motor with magnetic gear characteristics provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Wherein: 1-Inner ring; 11-Inner ring permanent magnet; 12-Inner ring hub; 13-Current winding; 14-Iron core; 2-Modulation ring; 21-Soft magnetic column; 22-Support column; 3-Outer ring; 31-Outer ring permanent magnet; 32-Outer ring shell; 4-Power input shaft; 5-Inner thrust output shaft; 6-Outer thrust output shaft; 7-Power source; 8-Reversible dual rotor / propeller; 9-Fixed housing; 10-Support bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0023] This application provides a coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gears, which enables the driving of coaxial forward and reverse rotating rotors / propellers, improving the power efficiency and maneuverability of the equipment. Utilizing the structural characteristics of magnetic gears, the power input shaft is connected to the inner ring of the magnetic gear, one set of rotors / propellers is connected to the magnetic gear modulation ring, with its rotation direction being the same as the input end, and another set of rotors / propellers is connected to the outer ring of the magnetic gear, with its rotation direction being opposite to the input end. Only one component is needed to achieve the driving effect of coaxial forward and reverse rotating rotors / propellers, greatly simplifying the transmission and power structure. Compared with existing technologies, such as traditional mechanical gear transmission systems, it overcomes problems such as vibration, noise, fatigue, and low reliability, and significantly reduces equipment weight and control difficulty, such as dual-motor electric drive systems.

[0024] Among them, the magnetic gear is a type of modulated magnetic gear. The modulating ring is made of soft magnetic material to form a grid, which modulates the magnetic fields of the inner and outer rings with different pole numbers, so that the air gap magnetic fields of the two are coupled, thereby realizing the distribution of torque among the rings and realizing power transmission.

[0025] Furthermore, magnetic gears have various structural designs, including radial modulation type and axial modulation type.

[0026] In one feasible implementation, the inner ring can use a permanent magnet multipole magnetic field or an excitation winding to form a multipole magnetic field. At the same time, it is not ruled out that the outer ring can use an excitation winding to form a multipole magnetic field to improve speed control capability.

[0027] Among them, the magnetic gear is also a type of transmission, with its input speed being different from that of the rotor / propeller (output).

[0028] In this embodiment of the application, the coaxial dual-rotor thrust system has a power input shaft connected to the inner ring of the magnetic gear, a set of rotors / propellers connected to the magnetic gear modulation ring with the same rotation direction as the input end, and a set of rotors / propellers connected to the outer ring of the magnetic gear with the opposite rotation direction to the input end.

[0029] Among them, the coaxial dual-rotor thrust system can achieve speed distribution and control by adjusting the torque of each rotor. The torque adjustment can be achieved by applying external resistance to reduce speed or by applying external power to increase speed.

[0030] It should be noted that the coaxial dual-rotor thrust system can be applied to coaxial dual-rotor systems for aircraft helicopters, coaxial dual-propeller propulsion systems for marine applications, and other propulsion systems with similar structures.

[0031] In other embodiments of this application, a coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gears is provided. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1The output shaft of power source 7, i.e., the power input shaft 4 of the thrust system, is connected to the inner ring 1 of the magnetic gear. This power source can be a turboshaft engine, a high-speed motor, etc. To ensure high efficiency or high power density of its power output, the power source operates at high speed, thereby driving the inner ring 1 of the magnetic gear to rotate at high speed. This magnetic gear is a coaxial radial modulation type magnetic gear; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 .

[0032] It should be noted that, according to the principle of the modulated magnetic gear, when the number of poles of the inner ring 1, outer ring 3 and modulating ring 2 of the magnetic gear meets the numerical requirements of equation (1), the power input of the inner ring can be converted into the torque output of the modulating ring and the outer ring, and conforms to the law of equation (2).

[0033] n p =P i +P o (1)

[0034]

[0035] Among them, P i Let ω be the number of pole pairs of the inner ring permanent magnet 11, and its angular velocity be ω. i P o Let ω be the number of pole pairs of the outer ring permanent magnet 31, and its angular velocity be ω. o n p The modulation ring pole number is the number of grids in the soft magnetic column 21, and its angular velocity is ω. p Equation (1) shows the polarity relationship of the three rings, while Equation (2) shows that the rotation direction of the outer ring 3 is opposite to that of the inner ring 1, while the rotation direction of the modulation ring 2 is the same as that of the inner ring 1.

[0036] In other embodiments of this application, the inner ring 1 has 4 pole pairs, the outer ring 2 has 8 pole pairs, and the modulation ring 2 has 12 poles, forming a reduction gear. According to the relationship in equation (2), when the modulation ring 2 is fixed, the maximum reduction ratio of the outer ring 3 is 2, and when the outer ring 3 is stationary, the maximum reduction ratio of the modulation ring 2 is 3. Of course, when additional assistance is added, such as making the outer ring 3 rotate clockwise, the modulation ring 2 will obtain a higher reduction ratio. Based on the above principle, the modulation ring 2 is connected to the inner thrust output shaft 5; the outer ring 3 is connected to the outer thrust output shaft 6, and then drives the rotor / propeller to rotate, providing thrust. Rigid support is provided by multiple sets of bearings 10 to ensure the coaxiality of each ring.

[0037] As mentioned earlier, the speed distribution and control can be achieved by adjusting the torque of each rotor. The torque adjustment can be achieved by reducing the speed through external resistance, such as by adjusting the blade tilt angle, adding an eddy current magnetic powder damper to the shaft, or a braking device. It can also be achieved by increasing the speed through external power, such as by adding a drive motor to the shaft. These will not be described in detail here.

[0038] In other embodiments of this application, the overall architecture is similar to that of the embodiments described above, except that the power source 7 is replaced by a motor control power supply, and the inner ring 1 does not use permanent magnets to form the magnetic field pole pairs, but instead uses current winding 13 and iron core 14 to form a motor stator. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 .

[0039] The motor stator has 12 armature slots and 12 sets of coils. It uses a 3-phase alternating current to provide a 4-pole rotating magnetic field. Its rotational speed is related to the input frequency, i.e., ω. i =πf / 2, the higher the frequency, the greater the angular velocity.

[0040] It should be noted that one way to increase the power density of a motor is to increase its speed. Therefore, a magnetic gear with a certain reduction ratio is an effective way to improve the thrust of a rotor / propeller system. This application provides a solution. Since the pole structure of the magnetic field has not changed, the operating law of the magnetic gear in this example is exactly the same as equations (1) and (2) in Example 1. This example can be applied to electrically driven coaxial reversible rotor / propeller thrust systems, especially electric helicopters, electric ships, etc.

Claims

1. A coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gears, characterized in that, The coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gears is applied to coaxial dual-rotor systems for aircraft helicopters and coaxial dual-propeller propulsion systems for marine applications; the coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gears includes: The power source includes the power input shaft; A magnetic gear includes an inner ring, an outer ring, and a modulation ring disposed between the inner and outer rings; wherein the power input shaft is connected to the inner ring; the inner ring comprises a motor stator consisting of a current winding and an iron core, the motor stator having 12 armature slots and 12 sets of coils wound around it, providing a 4-pole rotating magnetic field using a 3-phase alternating current method, the rotational speed of which is related to the input frequency, i.e., ω. i =πf / 2, the higher the frequency, the greater the angular velocity; An internal thrust output shaft, one end of which is connected to the modulation ring, and the other end of which is provided with a rotor or propeller; An external thrust output shaft, one end of which is connected to the outer ring, and the other end of which is provided with a rotor or propeller; wherein, the outer ring rotates in the opposite direction to the modulation ring; The power source includes a turboshaft engine and a high-speed motor; the magnetic gear includes a coaxial radially modulated magnetic gear. The axis of the power input shaft coincides with the center line of the inner ring, the center line of the modulation ring, and the center line of the outer ring; It also includes a blade tilt adjustment device for adjusting the blade tilt angle; It also includes an eddy current magnetic powder damper, which is disposed on the power input shaft; wherein the eddy current magnetic powder damper is used to control the rotational speed of the power input shaft.

2. The coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a braking device, which is mounted on the power input shaft; wherein the braking device is used to control the rotational speed of the power input shaft.

3. The coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gears according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a drive motor, which is mounted on the power input shaft; wherein the drive motor is used to increase the rotational speed of the power input shaft.

4. The coaxial dual-rotor thrust system based on magnetic gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner ring uses permanent magnets to form the number of magnetic field pole pairs, or uses current windings and iron cores to form a motor stator.

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