An offshore oil storage device and offshore oil storage system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of oil storage technology, in particular to an offshore oil storage device and an offshore oil storage system, wherein the offshore oil storage device includes an oil storage area surrounded by at least a portion of a wave-breaking dam, wherein an oil storage module for storing oil is arranged in the oil storage area, and the wave-breaking dam is used to reduce the wave amplitude. In an offshore oil storage device described in the present application, the oil storage module for storing oil is located in the oil storage area, and at least one circle of wave-breaking facilities is surrounded outside the oil storage area, and the wave-breaking facilities are composed of at least a portion of the wave-breaking dam, thereby effectively reducing or eliminating the impact of adverse environmental loads on the oil storage module, so that the oil storage module is very little affected by the wind and wave environment, thereby achieving the purpose of offshore oil storage, and the system solves the problems of land use, environmental protection, and environmental load impact of crude oil storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil storage, in particular to an offshore oil storage device and an offshore oil storage system. Background Art

[0002] At present, crude oil storage generally includes bulk and barrels. Bulk is divided into concrete structure storage and steel structure storage. Crude oil storage on land is limited by many issues such as available land, site selection, and land planning, and large-scale storage cannot be achieved. Offshore oil storage is greatly affected by the wind and wave environment. Although underwater oil storage is less affected by the environment, its scale is very limited, and the extraction process inevitably has a lasting impact on the seawater environment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an offshore oil storage device and an offshore oil storage system in view of the problem that offshore oil storage is greatly affected by wind and wave environment in the background technology.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] An offshore oil storage device comprises an oil storage area surrounded by at least a part of a wave-breaking dam, wherein an oil storage module for storing oil is arranged in the oil storage area, and the wave-breaking dam is used to reduce the wave amplitude.

[0006] An offshore oil storage device described in the present application, wherein the oil storage module for storing oil is located within the oil storage area, and at least one circle of wave-breaking facilities is surrounded by the oil storage area, and the wave-breaking facilities are composed of at least a portion of wave-breaking dams, thereby effectively reducing or eliminating the impact of adverse environmental loads (mainly wind, wave and current environmental loads) on the oil storage module, making the oil storage module very little affected by the wind and wave environment, thereby achieving the purpose of offshore oil storage, and systematically solving problems such as land use for crude oil storage, environmental protection, and environmental load impacts.

[0007] Preferably, an anchor cable is connected to the lower portion of the oil storage module.

[0008] The wave-breaking dam on the periphery can play a role in breaking waves, making the water surface in the oil storage area relatively calm, so that the oil storage module can be fixed in position by anchor cables, allowing the oil storage module to move up and down with the ebb and flow of the tide, and allowing a certain amount of left and right displacement, thereby greatly reducing the cost of fixing the oil storage module in water.

[0009] Preferably, there are several oil storage modules, and all the oil storage modules are arranged in an array.

[0010] The array arrangement of all the oil storage modules reduces the length of the peripheral wave-breaking dam, reduces the project investment, and reduces the windward wave flow area.

[0011] Preferably, the oil storage module comprises at least two connected pontoon units, the pontoon units are prefabricated, and an oil storage cavity for storing oil is arranged inside the pontoon units.

[0012] Specifically, the pontoon unit is a prefabricated concrete component, which contains at least one oil storage chamber. When there are at least two oil storage chambers, adjacent oil storage chambers are separated by concrete partitions. Adjacent oil storage chambers can be connected through orifices, or a separate oil pipeline can be set for each oil storage chamber for oil transportation.

[0013] Preferably, a portion of the pontoon unit is capable of floating on the water surface.

[0014] Preferably, the water plane of the pontoon unit float is 30-800m long, 5-200m wide, and 7-15m high.

[0015] Preferably, a ballast tank is further provided in the pontoon unit, in which ballast medium is stored. The buoyancy and inclination of the pontoon unit can be adjusted by adjusting the weight of the ballast medium in the ballast tank. The ballast tank is arranged on both sides or corners of the pontoon unit.

[0016] Preferably, the ballast medium includes oil, and the buoyancy and inclination of the buoyancy unit are adjusted by adjusting the oil storage amount in the ballast tank.

[0017] The ballast medium includes oil, which can achieve the purpose of adjusting the buoyancy and inclination of the buoyancy unit and increase the overall oil storage capacity of the offshore oil storage device.

[0018] Preferably, the oil storage module is provided with a first oil delivery channel connected to the oil storage chamber, the wave-breaking dam is provided with a second oil delivery channel, and the second oil delivery channel is connected to at least one of the first oil delivery channels through a third oil delivery channel.

[0019] Specifically, the oil delivery line includes a first oil delivery channel, a second oil delivery channel and a third oil delivery channel, and the entire oil delivery line is powered by an oil pump.

[0020] Preferably, a suspension tunnel is provided between the oil storage module and the wave-breaking dam, and the third oil delivery channel is provided on the suspension tunnel.

[0021] The suspended tunnel is set up to ensure accessibility and convenience for monitoring and maintenance of the oil storage module without hindering water vessel traffic.

[0022] Preferably, the third oil delivery channel is located in the floating tunnel.

[0023] The maintenance, replacement and installation of the third oil transportation channel are greatly less affected by external wind, wave and current factors, so the maintenance, replacement and installation of the third oil transportation channel are convenient.

[0024] Preferably, a weight adjustment chamber is provided in the suspension tunnel, and a weight adjustment medium is stored in the weight adjustment chamber. The buoyancy and inclination of the suspension tunnel can be adjusted by adjusting the weight of the weight adjustment medium in the weight adjustment chamber.

[0025] A weight adjustment chamber is provided in the suspension tunnel. By adjusting the weight of the weight adjustment medium in the weight adjustment chamber, the buoyancy and inclination of the suspension tunnel are controlled to facilitate the connection between the third oil transportation channel and the first oil transportation channel or the third oil transportation channel. Moreover, when storing oil, by adjusting the weight of the weight adjustment medium in the weight adjustment chamber, the buoyancy of the suspension tunnel can be matched with the usable buoyancy of the oil storage module to reduce the internal stress of the connection structure between the suspension tunnel and the oil storage module.

[0026] Specifically, the weight adjustment medium is generally water, which is pumped into the weight adjustment chamber or pumped out from the weight adjustment chamber by a water pump.

[0027] Specifically, the weight adjustment chamber is located at the lower part of the suspension tunnel.

[0028] Preferably, the first oil transport channel is located at the upper part of the oil storage module, the floating tunnel includes a transverse channel and a vertical channel that are connected, and the third oil transport channel extends from the top of the vertical channel and is connected to the first oil transport channel.

[0029] The third oil delivery channel is led out from the top of the vertical channel and connected to the first oil delivery channel located at the upper part of the oil storage module for oil delivery. This design can prevent too much oil in the oil storage chamber from flowing back into the third oil delivery channel.

[0030] Preferably, a traffic passage for people / vehicles to walk is also provided in the suspended tunnel.

[0031] Preferably, a lift connected to the traffic passage is provided in the vertical passage.

[0032] This is to enable people / vehicles in the traffic channel to reach the top of the oil storage module.

[0033] Preferably, the third oil delivery channel is flexibly connected to the first oil delivery channel;

[0034] Preferably, the third oil delivery channel is flexibly connected to the second oil delivery channel.

[0035] Specifically, the third oil delivery channel is connected to the first oil delivery channel via a flexible joint or a flexible pipeline.

[0036] Specifically, the third oil delivery channel is connected to the second oil delivery channel via a flexible joint or a flexible pipeline.

[0037] Preferably, a fixed body and a floating body are provided on the wave-breaking dam, the fixed body and the floating body are vertically slidably matched, and the second oil delivery channel is provided on the floating body.

[0038] When the tide rises and falls, the floating body slides vertically relative to the fixed body with the tide, so that the oil storage module, the first oil channel, the second oil channel and the third oil channel can all move up and down with the tide, thereby greatly reducing the internal stress of the connection parts among the oil storage module, the first oil channel, the second oil channel and the third oil channel, thereby reducing the connection requirements and difficulty of the connection parts among the oil storage module, the first oil channel, the second oil channel and the third oil channel.

[0039] Preferably, a floating pier is connected between the oil storage module and the wave-breaking dam, and the third oil transfer channel is arranged on the floating pier.

[0040] Preferably, an anti-oil spill structure is provided around the outer side of the oil storage module.

[0041] The oil spill prevention structure is used to prevent the oil in the area enclosed by the oil spill prevention structure from leaking out of the area enclosed by the oil spill prevention structure.

[0042] Preferably, the oil spill prevention structure is capable of reducing wave amplitude.

[0043] By forming a circle with wave-breaking facilities, the impact of adverse environmental loads (mainly wind, wave and current environmental loads) on the oil storage module is effectively reduced or eliminated. On this basis, the anti-oil spill structure can further reduce the wave amplitude, so that the impact of adverse environmental loads (mainly wind, wave and current environmental loads) on the oil storage module is further reduced.

[0044] Preferably, the oil spill prevention structure comprises a buoyancy component arranged in an annular shape, a circle of anti-leakage oil cloth is hung on the buoyancy component, and the oil storage module is located in the area surrounded by the anti-leakage oil cloth.

[0045] Preferably, the buoyancy assembly comprises a connecting member arranged in an annular manner, at least two buoys are connected in series on the connecting member along the circumferential direction, and the anti-leakage oil cloth is connected to the connecting member and / or the buoys.

[0046] Preferably, the buoyancy assembly comprises an annular floating ring, and the oil leak-proof cloth is connected to the annular floating ring.

[0047] Preferably, a cable is connected to the lower part of the oil spill prevention structure.

[0048] The ring formed by the annular connecting parts can be in the shape of a circle, a rectangle, a rectangle with rounded chamfers, a circle, an ellipse, etc.

[0049] Preferably, a harbor is provided on the wave-facing side of the wave-breaking dam;

[0050] Preferably, a room, a helipad or a lighthouse is provided on the wave-breaking dam.

[0051] Preferably, the wave-breaking dam comprises at least two foundations arranged at intervals, a first wave-breaking structure is arranged between adjacent foundations, the first wave-breaking structure is used to reduce the net flow area of ​​the channel of adjacent foundations, and a wave-breaking box is arranged on the top support of adjacent foundations.

[0052] A wave-breaking dam described in the present application forms the foundation of the wave-breaking dam by means of foundations arranged at intervals, and then a first wave-breaking structure is arranged between adjacent foundations. The first wave-breaking structure reduces the net flow area of ​​the channel adjacent to the foundations, and the combination of the foundation and the first wave-breaking structure is used to reduce the channel area of ​​the wave flow, while changing the forward path of the wave flow, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the height of the wave flow. At the same time, since the first wave-breaking structure can only reduce the net flow area of ​​the channel adjacent to the foundation but does not completely isolate the channel adjacent to the foundation, the air permeability on both sides of the wave-breaking dam described in the present application can be effectively guaranteed, thereby achieving the purpose of being water-permeable but not wave-permeable, thereby greatly reducing the impact on the marine ecological environment.

[0053] Preferably, all the first wave-breaking structures between adjacent foundations form a multi-bend channel.

[0054] Thereby, the forward path of the wave current is changed into a multi-bend path, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the height of the wave current.

[0055] Preferably, the foundation includes a cylinder filled with filler, the cylinder includes a reinforced concrete cylinder and a steel cylinder arranged in sequence along the length direction of the cylinder, the reinforced concrete cylinder is located above the steel cylinder, the reinforced concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder are closed, and the first wave-breaking structure is connected to the reinforced concrete cylinder.

[0056] Preferably, a second wave-breaking structure is further provided at the lower portion of the first wave-breaking structure, and the second wave-breaking structure is flexibly connected to at least one of the foundations.

[0057] Preferably, the foundation includes a cylinder filled with filler, the cylinder includes a reinforced concrete cylinder and a steel cylinder arranged in sequence along the length direction of the cylinder, the reinforced concrete cylinder is located above the steel cylinder, the reinforced concrete cylinder and the steel cylinder are closed, the first wave-breaking structure is connected to the reinforced concrete cylinder, and the second wave-breaking structure is flexibly connected to the steel cylinder corresponding to the foundation.

[0058] The upper part of the second wave-breaking structure is vertically connected with a third flexible member for vertically fixing the second wave-breaking structure. The upper part of the third flexible member is connected to the upper part of the reinforced concrete cylinder above the water surface.

[0059] The present application also discloses an offshore oil storage system, including the offshore oil storage device described in the present application, wherein at least one entrance and exit is arranged on the wave-breaking dam, and the portion of the wave-breaking dam located at the entrance and exit is provided with an extension portion, and the extension portion extends toward the wave-affected side of the wave-breaking dam.

[0060] Preferably, a harbor is provided on the wave-affected side of the wave-breaking dam.

[0061] Preferably, a room, a helipad, a wind power equipment or a lighthouse is provided on the wave-breaking dam.

[0062] The portion of the wave-breaking dam located on the wave-proof side is provided with a campsite and an office space.

[0063] Wind power equipment can provide power support for an offshore oil storage device described in this application.

[0064] Preferably, there are at least two offshore oil storage facilities, wherein at least two adjacent offshore oil storage facilities share at least one section of the wave-breaking dam.

[0065] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0066] 1. An offshore oil storage device described in the present application, wherein the oil storage module for storing oil is located in the oil storage area, and at least one circle of wave-breaking facilities is surrounded outside the oil storage area, and the wave-breaking facilities are composed of at least a part of wave-breaking dams, thereby effectively reducing or eliminating the impact of adverse environmental loads (mainly wind, wave and current environmental loads) on the oil storage module, so that the oil storage module is very little affected by the wind and wave environment, thereby achieving the purpose of offshore oil storage, and systematically solving the problems of land use for crude oil storage, environmental protection, and environmental load impact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the layout of an offshore oil storage system of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram of an offshore oil storage system layout of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the layout of an offshore oil storage system of the present invention (showing the suspended tunnel).

[0070] Figure 4 It is a structural stereoscopic schematic diagram of the oil storage module of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the oil storage module and the anchor cable of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 6 It is a top cross-sectional schematic diagram of the buoyancy unit of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 7 It is a top view schematic diagram of the oil spill prevention structure of the present invention (circular, buoy).

[0074] Figure 8 It is a top view schematic diagram of the oil spill prevention structure of the present invention (square, buoy).

[0075] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the unfolding of the oil spill prevention structure of the present invention (buoy).

[0076] Fig.10 It is a top view schematic diagram of the oil spill prevention structure of the present invention (circular, annular floating ring).

[0077] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the expansion of the oil spill prevention structure of the present invention (annular floating ring).

[0078] Fig.12 It is a top view schematic diagram of the cooperation between the suspended tunnel and the oil storage module of the present invention.

[0079] Fig.13 It is a front view schematic diagram of the cooperation between the suspended tunnel and the oil storage module of the present invention.

[0080] Fig.14 This invention is attached Fig.13 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the middle.

[0081] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the traffic channel, the third oil delivery channel and the suspended tunnel of the present invention (the traffic channel and the third oil delivery channel are placed separately).

[0082] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the traffic channel, the third oil transportation channel and the suspended tunnel of the present invention (the traffic channel is located on one side of the third oil transportation channel).

[0083] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the traffic channel, the third oil transportation channel and the suspended tunnel of the present invention (the traffic channel is located above the third oil transportation channel).

[0084] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a wave-breaking dam of the present invention.

[0085] Fig.19 This invention is attached Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the BB cross-section.

[0086] Fig. 20This invention is attached Fig.18 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0087] Fig.21 It is a top view schematic diagram of the cooperation between the foundation of the present invention and the first wave-breaking structure.

[0088] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second wave-breaking structure and the first flexible member (the entire cylinder) of the present invention.

[0089] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second wave-breaking structure and the first flexible member (cylinder body, multiple second wave-breaking structure units) of the present invention.

[0090] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second wave-breaking structure and the first flexible member (plate body, multiple second wave-breaking structure units) of the present invention.

[0091] Fig.25 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second wave-breaking structure and the first flexible member of the present invention (sphere, multiple second wave-breaking structure units).

[0092] Fig.26 It is a schematic diagram of the force of the cylinder body of the present invention in use.

[0093] Fig. 27 It is a schematic diagram of the normal earth pressure generated by the filler of the present invention on the wall of the steel cylinder.

[0094] Fig.28 It is a schematic diagram of the micro-segment research on the wall of the steel cylinder of the present invention.

[0095] Fig.29 It is a schematic diagram of a vertical cross-section of the structure of a cylinder of the present invention.

[0096] Fig.30 This invention is attached Fig.30 Schematic diagram of the AA section.

[0097] Fig.31 This invention is attached Fig.31 Schematic diagram of the CC section.

[0098] Fig.32 This invention is attached Fig.31 Schematic diagram of the DD section.

[0099] Fig.33 This invention is attached Fig.30 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the middle.

[0100] Fig.34 It is a schematic diagram of adjusting the cylinder posture of the air curtain and high-pressure water facilities of the present invention.

[0101] Fig.35The present invention discloses a wave-breaking dam wave-breaking effect test cloud chart.

[0102] Fig.36 It is a front view of a wave-breaking effect test of a wave-breaking dam of the present invention (before wave breaking).

[0103] Fig.37 It is a front view of a wave-breaking effect test of a wave-breaking dam of the present invention (during wave breaking).

[0104] Fig.38 It is a front view of a wave-breaking effect test of a wave-breaking dam of the present invention (after wave breaking).

[0105] Fig.39 It is a top view schematic diagram of an offshore oil storage system layout of the present invention (two offshore oil storage devices). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0106] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0107] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0108] Example 1

[0109] like Figure 1-6 As shown, an offshore oil storage device described in this embodiment includes an oil storage area 61 surrounded by at least a portion of a wave-breaking dam 5, wherein an oil storage module 6 for storing oil is arranged in the oil storage area 61, and the wave-breaking dam 5 is used to reduce the wave amplitude.

[0110] The oil storage area 61 may be surrounded by a portion of the wave-breaking dam 5 , or may be entirely surrounded by the wave-breaking dam 5 .

[0111] Specifically, a circle of structures enclosed by the oil storage area 61 may include part of the wave-breaking dam 5 and another part of other structural facilities, such as the coast or other large objects, or the circle of structures enclosed by the oil storage area 61 may include all of the wave-breaking dam 5 .

[0112] The lower part of the oil storage module 6 is connected with an anchor cable 68 , and the lower part of the anchor cable 68 is fixed to the bottom of the water.

[0113] The wave-breaking dam 5 on the periphery can play a role in breaking waves, making the water surface in the oil storage area 61 relatively calm, so that the oil storage module 6 can be fixed in position by the anchor cable 68, allowing the oil storage module 6 to move up and down with the ebb and flow of the tide, and allowing a certain amount of left and right displacement, thereby greatly reducing the cost of fixing the oil storage module 6 in water.

[0114] When in use, there are several oil storage modules 6, and all of the oil storage modules 6 are arranged in an array.

[0115] All the oil storage modules 6 are arranged in an array, so that the length of the peripheral wave-breaking dam 5 is short, the engineering investment is reduced, and the area of ​​windward wave flow is reduced.

[0116] Specifically, an oil storage cavity 11 for storing oil is provided inside the oil storage module 6. The oil storage module 6 includes at least two connected pontoon units 1. The pontoon units 1 are prefabricated. An oil storage cavity 11 for storing oil is provided inside the pontoon unit 1. Adjacent pontoon units 1 can be connected by anchor rods.

[0117] Generally, 3-5 oil storage chambers 11 are arranged on a single pontoon unit 1. A part of the pontoon unit 1 can float on the water surface. The water plane of the pontoon unit 1 is 30-800m long, 5-200m wide and 7-15m high.

[0118] Specifically, the pontoon unit 1 is a prefabricated concrete component, which contains at least one oil storage chamber 11. When there are at least two oil storage chambers 11, adjacent oil storage chambers 11 are separated by concrete partitions 12. Adjacent oil storage chambers 11 can be connected through orifices, or a separate oil pipeline can be set for each oil storage chamber 11 for oil transportation.

[0119] Preferably, the wave-breaking dam 5 includes at least two foundations 3 arranged at intervals, and a first wave-breaking structure 41 is arranged between adjacent foundations 3, the first wave-breaking structure 41 is used to reduce the net flow area of ​​the channel of adjacent foundations 3, and a wave-breaking box 54 is arranged on the top support of adjacent foundations 3.

[0120] A wave-breaking dam described in the present application forms the foundation of the wave-breaking dam by means of foundations 3 arranged at intervals, and a first wave-breaking structure 41 is arranged between adjacent foundations 3. The first wave-breaking structure 41 reduces the net flow area of ​​the channel adjacent to the foundations 3, and the combination of the foundation 3 and the first wave-breaking structure 41 is used to reduce the channel area of ​​the wave flow, while changing the forward path of the wave flow, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the height of the wave flow. At the same time, since the first wave-breaking structure 41 can only reduce the net flow area of ​​the channel adjacent to the foundation 3, but does not completely isolate the channel adjacent to the foundation 3, the air permeability on both sides of the wave-breaking dam described in the present application can be effectively guaranteed, thereby achieving the purpose of being water-permeable but not wave-permeable, thereby greatly reducing the impact on the marine ecological environment.

[0121] All the first wave-breaking structures 41 between adjacent foundations 3 form a multi-bend channel.

[0122] Thereby, the forward path of the wave current is changed into a multi-bend path, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the height of the wave current.

[0123] In the above scheme, the foundation 3 includes a cylinder 30, which is filled with a filler 31. The cylinder 30 includes a reinforced concrete cylinder 32 and a steel cylinder 33 arranged in sequence along the length direction of the cylinder 30. The reinforced concrete cylinder 32 is located above the steel cylinder 33. The reinforced concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 are closed, and the first wave-breaking structure 41 is connected to the reinforced concrete cylinder 32.

[0124] Preferably, a second wave-breaking structure 42 is further provided at the lower part of the first wave-breaking structure 41 , and the second wave-breaking structure 42 is flexibly connected to at least one of the foundations 3 .

[0125] Preferably, the foundation 3 includes a cylinder 30, which is filled with a filler 31. The cylinder 30 includes a reinforced concrete cylinder 32 and a steel cylinder 33 arranged in sequence along the length direction of the cylinder 30. The reinforced concrete cylinder 32 is located above the steel cylinder 33, and the reinforced concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 are closed. The first wave-breaking structure 41 is connected to the reinforced concrete cylinder 32, and the second wave-breaking structure 42 is flexibly connected to the steel cylinder 33 on the corresponding foundation 3.

[0126] Since the second wave-breaking structure 42 is located below the first wave-breaking structure 41, during construction, the second wave-breaking structure 42 is often below the water surface to reduce the strength of the waves beneath the water surface. At this time, the difficulty of underwater installation by the installers is greatly reduced through the hanging method; at the same time, the swing of the second wave-breaking structure 42 can also enhance the effect of reducing the strength of the waves beneath the water surface without having a significant impact on the water permeability.

[0127] Specifically, the first flexible member 44 is a flexible rope or a spring rope, and the outside of the flexible rope or the spring rope can be wrapped with anti-corrosion plastic to increase the anti-corrosion probability of the flexible rope or the spring rope.

[0128] like Fig.21 As shown, each of the adjacent foundations 3 is provided with the first wave-breaking structure 41 extending toward the other foundation 3. The first wave-breaking structures 41 on each foundation 3 may be one, two, or more. In this case, a better solution is to change the advancing path of the waves into a multi-bend path, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the wave height.

[0129] The cross-sectional area of ​​the foundation 3 can be any shape, it can be circular or rectangular, where Fig.21As shown, the cross-section of the foundation 3 is preferably circular, and the first wave-breaking structure 41 is arranged along the normal direction of the circle. The cross-section of the foundation 3 is circular, and its curved side surface can effectively reduce the impact of waves on the foundation 3, and the first wave-breaking structure 41 is arranged along the normal direction of the circle, so that under the condition of achieving the same wave-breaking effect, the required extension length of the first wave-breaking structure 41 is shorter and its cost is lower.

[0130] A portion of the foundation 3 is located below the water surface 37 , and the bottom of the foundation 3 is inserted into the water bottom surface 39 .

[0131] Since the second wave-breaking structure 42 is located below the first wave-breaking structure 41, the second wave-breaking structure 42 is often below the water surface 37. The second wave-breaking structure 42 is flexibly connected to at least one side of the steel cylinder 33, so that when the surge waves under the low water surface hit the second wave-breaking structure 42, the second wave-breaking structure 42 swings, thereby disturbing the surge waves under the low water surface, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the intensity of the surge waves under the water surface 37.

[0132] There is a gap between the second wave-breaking structure 42 and the adjacent steel cylinder 33, so that the second wave-breaking structure 42 can also achieve the purpose of being water-permeable but not wave-permeable, thereby greatly reducing the impact on the marine ecological environment.

[0133] The steel cylinder 33 is provided with an attachment 43, the second wave-breaking structure 42 is correspondingly connected with a first flexible member 44, the second wave-breaking structure 42 is flexibly connected to at least one side of the steel cylinder 33 through the first flexible member 44, and the first flexible member 44 is connected to the corresponding attachment 43. Compared with the method of welding the second wave-breaking structure 42 to the steel cylinder 33, the difficulty of underwater installation by the installer can be greatly reduced by connecting the first flexible member 44 to the corresponding attachment 43.

[0134] The first flexible member 44 and the corresponding attachment member 43 may also be interlocked.

[0135] Since the second wave-breaking structure 42 is located below the first wave-breaking structure 41, during construction, the second wave-breaking structure 42 is often below the water surface to reduce the strength of the waves under the water surface. At this time, the difficulty of underwater installation by the installer is greatly reduced by the hanging method; at the same time, the swing of the second wave-breaking structure 42 can also enhance the effect of reducing the strength of the waves under the water surface, and will not have a significant impact on the water permeability. Specifically, the first flexible member 44 is a flexible rope or a spring rope, and the outside of the flexible rope or the spring rope can be wrapped with anti-corrosion plastic to increase the anti-corrosion probability of the flexible rope or the spring rope.

[0136] like Fig.23As shown, on the basis of the above, a further preferred manner is that the second wave-breaking structure 42 includes second wave-breaking structure units 45 arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, and the first flexible member 44 is connected to the second wave-breaking structure unit 45. During installation, the second wave-breaking structure unit 45 can be installed separately underwater, which is easier to manufacture and install than the overall underwater installation of the second wave-breaking structure 42.

[0137] The second wave-breaking structure 42 includes second wave-breaking structure units 45 arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, and the first flexible member 44 is connected to the second wave-breaking structure unit 45. During installation, the second wave-breaking structure unit 45 can be installed separately underwater, which is easier to manufacture and install than the overall underwater installation of the second wave-breaking structure 42. At least two adjacent second wave-breaking structure units 45 are flexibly connected by a second flexible member 46. The second flexible member 46 is a flexible rope or a spring rope, and the outside of the flexible rope or the spring rope can be provided with an anti-corrosion plastic package to increase the anti-corrosion probability of the flexible rope or the spring rope. The second wave-breaking structure unit 45 is a plate, a sphere or a cylinder. When the second wave-breaking structure unit 45 is a cylinder, the second wave-breaking structure unit 45 is open at both ends. Thereby increasing the swinging mass of the second wave-breaking structure unit 45 to achieve a better wave-breaking effect.

[0138] During production, the concrete cylinder 32 and the first wave-breaking structure 41 can be prefabricated as a whole; the concrete cylinder 32 is preferably a reinforced concrete cylinder. The first wave-breaking structure 41 can increase the radial rigidity of the concrete cylinder 32; a portion of the concrete cylinder 32 is located above the water surface 37, and the remaining portion is located below the water surface 37; the steel cylinder 33 is entirely located above the water surface 37, and the lower portion is inserted into the bottom surface 39 of the water.

[0139] like Fig.26 As shown, when waves or sea wind apply lateral external load F to the upper part of the cylinder 30, 外 The soil below the water bottom 39 can exert an external load F on the cylinder 30. 外 The opposite passive earth pressure F 被 , so that the overall deadweight of the large-diameter combined cylinder described in this embodiment can provide the external load F 外 Most of the resistance capacity can meet the requirements without providing resistance to external loads F 外 The overall resistance capacity of the large diameter combined cylinder can be effectively reduced under relative force requirements.

[0140] Both ends of the concrete cylinder 32 are open, and both ends of the steel cylinder 33 are also open.

[0141] According to the wave height of the water surface 37, the length of the concrete cylinder 32 along its length direction is A, 7m≤A≤30m, so that it can meet the height direction from +2~+12m above the water surface 37 to -15~-5m below the water surface 37, so as to meet the widespread use of a large-diameter combined cylinder in the ocean of this application.

[0142] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred embodiment, the maximum outer diameter of the steel cylinder 33 is 20.5m≤R1≤40m. The wall thickness of the steel cylinder 33 is T1, 0.01m≤T1≤0.05m.

[0143] After repeated experiments, it is found that the maximum outer diameter R1 of the steel cylinder 33 of the present application is ≥20.5m, and the wall thickness T1 is only 0.01m≤T1≤0.05m, so that the steel cylinder 33 can produce a "bag" effect, which combines the advantages of a large monopile and a traditional gravity breakwater:

[0144] Since the material used for large monopile is man-made materials such as concrete or steel, the large-diameter combined cylinder of the present application has more fillers 31 filled in the steel cylinder 33, such as silt, medium-coarse sand, etc., which is more environmentally friendly and thus saves costs;

[0145] Since the filling material of the conventional gravity breakwater (revetment) is formed by free collapse, the large-diameter combined tube of the present application can save more than two-thirds of the internal filling material.

[0146] At the same time, if Fig. 27 As shown, the filler 31 will generate normal earth pressure on the wall of the steel cylinder 33.

[0147] like Fig.28 As shown, a micro-segment study on the wall of the steel cylinder 33 shows that due to the "cloth bag" effect of the steel cylinder 33, the normal earth pressure brings about a circumferential tension on the wall of the steel cylinder 33, so that the internal filler and the cylinder form an integral effect. The tension brings additional cylinder stiffness like a cloth bag filled with sand, which strengthens the structural stiffness and overall stability of the steel cylinder 33.

[0148] The concrete cylinder 32 is preferably made of reinforced concrete, and its cross section may be circular, elliptical, square or polygonal, and its length direction may be uniform or variable.

[0149] The cross section of the steel cylinder 33 is preferably circular, elliptical, square or polygonal, etc., and can be of a constant cross section or a variable cross section in the length direction. The steel cylinder 33 is coaxially arranged with the concrete cylinder 32 .

[0150] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, the second wave-breaking structure 42 comprises second wave-breaking structure units 45 arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, and the first flexible member 44 is connected to the second wave-breaking structure unit 45 .

[0151] At least two adjacent second wave-breaking structure units 45 are connected, preferably flexibly connected.

[0152] At least two adjacent second wave-breaking structure units 45 are flexibly connected via a second flexible member 46 .

[0153] Specifically, the second flexible member 46 is a flexible rope or a spring rope, and the outside of the flexible rope or the spring rope can be wrapped with anti-corrosion plastic to increase the anti-corrosion probability of the flexible rope or the spring rope.

[0154] On the basis of the above, a further preferred method is that the wall thickness of the concrete cylinder 32 is T2, 10≤T2 / T1≤200. Under the condition of the same outer diameter specification, since the wall thickness required for the steel cylinder 33 is much smaller than the wall thickness of the concrete cylinder 32, the overall weight of the large-diameter combined cylinder of the present application is much lighter than that of the reinforced concrete cylinder with the same outer diameter specification, thereby enabling more existing prefabricated construction processes and equipment to meet its transportation and sinking construction.

[0155] like Figure 29-33 As shown, a transverse limiting device is provided between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 , and the transverse limiting device is used to limit the horizontal lateral movement of the concrete cylinder 32 relative to the steel cylinder 33 .

[0156] Specifically, the lateral limiting device includes a groove 322 and a protrusion 332 that cooperates with the groove 322. The groove 322 is arranged on one of the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33, and the protrusion 332 is arranged on the other of the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 to control the lateral movement of the concrete cylinder 32 relative to the steel cylinder 33.

[0157] Specifically, the groove 322 is disposed at the bottom of the concrete cylinder 32 , and the protrusion 332 is disposed at the top of the steel cylinder 33 .

[0158] Specifically, the grooves 322 are arranged along the circumference of the wall of the concrete cylinder 32 , and the protrusions 332 are arranged along the circumference of the wall of the steel cylinder 33 , so that the cooperation between the grooves 322 and the protrusions 332 can realize a closed setting between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 .

[0159] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, the groove 322 is filled with a flexible filling layer 323 , and the flexible filling layer 323 is filled on both sides of the protrusion 332 .

[0160] During construction, due to construction errors, the protrusion 332 of the top of the steel cylinder 33 inserted into the groove 322 cannot be completely and accurately matched with the groove 322. At this time, the groove 322 is filled with a flexible filling layer 323, which can achieve a better sealing effect between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33. At the same time, because the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33 are generally large in size, during the installation of the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33, when the groove 322 and the protrusion 332 are installed in coordination, they can play a shock-absorbing role to reduce the impact and vibration between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33. Specifically, the flexible filling layer 323 includes materials such as asphalt and rubber.

[0161] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, the bottom of the concrete cylinder 32 is connected to the steel cylinder 33. This mainly plays two roles: first, the concrete cylinder 32 is connected to the steel cylinder 33, which facilitates the integral lifting of the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33; second, it serves as a specific measure to limit the lateral movement of the concrete cylinder 32 relative to the steel cylinder 33.

[0162] Specifically, an embedded part 324 is provided at the bottom of the concrete cylinder 32, and a connecting part 333 is connected to the steel cylinder 33. The embedded part 324 and the connecting part 333 are detachably connected and / or welded. Specifically, the embedded part 324 and the connecting part 333 are connected by bolts, and their outer circles are welded to each other. Specifically, a reinforcing rib 334 is connected between the connecting part 333 and the steel cylinder 33. The embedded part 324 is arranged in a circle along the circumference of the cylinder wall of the concrete cylinder 32, and the connecting part 333 is arranged in a circle along the circumference of the cylinder wall of the steel cylinder 33, so that the connection between the embedded part 324 and the connecting part 333 can realize a closed setting between the concrete cylinder 32 and the steel cylinder 33.

[0163] like Fig.33 As shown, on the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, a drag reduction facility is provided at the lower portion of the cylinder 30, and the drag reduction facility is used to reduce the resistance during the sinking process of the cylinder 30.

[0164] The drag reduction facility includes a high-pressure water facility 34, which is arranged at the lower part of the steel cylinder 33. The high-pressure water facility 34 is used to reduce the resistance of the sinking end of the steel cylinder 33, wherein the high-pressure water facility 34 is preferably a high-pressure water gun.

[0165] An air curtain 35 is provided at the lower part of the steel cylinder 33 , and the air curtain 35 is used to reduce the side resistance of the steel cylinder 33 when sinking.

[0166] During the sinking process of the cylinder 30 , the high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 are turned on. The high-pressure water facility 34 is used to reduce the end resistance of the underwater soil to the cylinder 30 , and the air curtain 35 is used to reduce the side resistance of the underwater soil to the cylinder 30 .

[0167] Furthermore, a GPS and / or an inclinometer is installed on the upper part of the cylinder 30 , and the inclination of the cylinder 30 is adjusted by using the GPS and / or the inclinometer, a high-pressure water facility 34 and an air curtain 35 .

[0168] For example: Fig.34 As shown, when the cylinder 30 sinks and tilts to the right, the pressure of the left high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 is increased, or the pressure of the right high-pressure water facility 34 and the air curtain 35 is reduced. By adjusting the pressure released by the drag reduction facilities at different parts of the bottom of the barrel, combined with the monitoring data feedback from the inclinometer or GPS of the cylinder 30, the sinking posture of the cylinder 30 can be dynamically adjusted.

[0169] like Figure 34-37 As shown, the wave-breaking dam 5 has been verified through experiments to have a wave-breaking effect of more than 90%, which is much greater than the wave transmittance of 30-40% of the floating wave-breaking dam.

[0170] Beneficial effects of this embodiment: an offshore oil storage device, an oil storage module 6 for storing oil is located in an oil storage area 61, and at least one circle of wave-breaking facilities is surrounded outside the oil storage area 61. The wave-breaking facilities are composed of at least a part of the wave-breaking dam 5, thereby effectively reducing or eliminating the impact of adverse environmental loads (mainly wind, wave and current environmental loads) on the oil storage module 6, so that the oil storage module 6 is very little affected by the wind and wave environment, thereby achieving the purpose of offshore oil storage, and the system solves the problems of crude oil storage land, environmental protection, environmental load impact, etc.

[0171] Example 2

[0172] like Figure 1-6 As shown, an offshore oil storage device described in this embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: a ballast tank 13 is also provided in the pontoon unit 1, and a ballast medium is stored in the ballast tank 13. The buoyancy and inclination of the pontoon unit 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the weight of the ballast medium in the ballast tank 13. The ballast tank 13 is arranged on both sides or corners of the pontoon unit 1.

[0173] The ballast medium includes oil, and the buoyancy and inclination of the pontoon unit 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the oil storage in the ballast tank 13. The ballast medium includes oil, which can achieve the purpose of adjusting the buoyancy and inclination of the pontoon unit 1 and increase the overall oil storage capacity of the offshore oil storage device.

[0174] Example 3

[0175] like Figure 1-6As shown, an offshore oil storage device described in this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: a first oil delivery channel 63 connected to the oil storage chamber 11 is provided on the oil storage module 6, and a second oil delivery channel is provided on the wave-breaking dam 5, and the second oil delivery channel is connected to at least one of the first oil delivery channels 63 through a third oil delivery channel 66, and the oil delivery line includes the first oil delivery channel 63, the second oil delivery channel and the third oil delivery channel 66, and the entire oil delivery line is powered by an oil pump.

[0176] A suspended tunnel 65 or a floating pier is provided between the oil storage module 6 and the wave-breaking dam 5, wherein:

[0177] Suspended tunnel 65 mode: A suspended tunnel 65 is provided between the oil storage module 6 and the wave-breaking dam 5, and the third oil transfer channel 66 is provided on the suspended tunnel 65. The accessibility and convenience of monitoring and maintenance of the oil storage module 6 are achieved by providing the suspended tunnel 65, while not hindering water vessel traffic.

[0178] During general construction, the third oil transportation channel 66 is located in the floating tunnel 65 , so that the maintenance, replacement and installation of the third oil transportation channel 66 are less affected by external wind, wave and current factors, thereby facilitating the maintenance, replacement and installation of the third oil transportation channel 66 .

[0179] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, a weight adjustment chamber 651 is provided in the suspension tunnel 65, and a weight adjustment medium is stored in the weight adjustment chamber 651. By adjusting the weight of the weight adjustment medium in the weight adjustment chamber 651, the buoyancy and inclination of the suspension tunnel 65 can be adjusted.

[0180] A weight adjustment chamber 651 is provided in the suspension tunnel 65. By adjusting the weight of the weight adjustment medium in the weight adjustment chamber 651, the buoyancy and inclination of the suspension tunnel 65 are controlled to facilitate the connection between the third oil delivery channel 66 and the first oil delivery channel 63 or the third oil delivery channel 66. Moreover, when storing oil, by adjusting the weight of the weight adjustment medium in the weight adjustment chamber 651, the buoyancy of the suspension tunnel 65 can also be matched with the usable buoyancy of the oil storage module 6 to reduce the internal stress of the connection structure between the suspension tunnel 65 and the oil storage module 6.

[0181] Specifically, the weight adjustment medium is generally water, which is pumped into the weight adjustment chamber 651 or pumped out from the weight adjustment chamber 651 by a water pump.

[0182] Specifically, the weight adjustment chamber 651 is located at the lower part of the suspension tunnel 65 .

[0183] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, the first oil transport channel 63 is located at the upper part of the oil storage module 6, the suspended tunnel 65 includes a transverse channel 653 and a vertical channel 652 that are connected, and the third oil transport channel 66 extends from the top of the vertical channel 652 and is connected to the first oil transport channel 63.

[0184] The third oil delivery channel 66 is led out from the top of the vertical channel 652 and connected to the first oil delivery channel 63 located at the upper part of the oil storage module 6 for oil delivery. This design can prevent the situation where too much oil in the oil storage chamber 11 causes backflow into the third oil delivery channel 66.

[0185] The floating tunnel 65 is also provided with a traffic passage 62 for people and vehicles to travel.

[0186] The vertical passage 652 is provided with a lift 610 connected to the traffic passage 62 , so as to enable people / vehicles in the traffic passage 62 to reach the top of the oil storage module 6 .

[0187] The first oil delivery channel 63, the second oil delivery channel and the third oil delivery channel 66 may be rigidly connected. In another preferred embodiment, the third oil delivery channel 66 is flexibly connected to the first oil delivery channel 63; the third oil delivery channel 66 is flexibly connected to the second oil delivery channel.

[0188] The third oil delivery channel 66 is connected to the first oil delivery channel 63 via a flexible joint or a flexible pipe; the third oil delivery channel 66 is connected to the second oil delivery channel via a flexible joint or a flexible pipe.

[0189] There is also a preferred embodiment that a fixed body and a floating body are provided on the wave-breaking dam 5, the fixed body and the floating body are vertically slidably matched, and the second oil delivery channel is provided on the floating body.

[0190] When the tide rises and falls, the floating body slides vertically relative to the fixed body with the tide, so that the oil storage module 6, the first oil channel 63, the second oil channel and the third oil channel 66 can all move up and down with the tide, thereby greatly reducing the internal stress of the connection parts among the oil storage module 6, the first oil channel 63, the second oil channel and the third oil channel 66, thereby reducing the connection requirements and difficulty of the connection parts among the oil storage module 6, the first oil channel 63, the second oil channel and the third oil channel 66.

[0191] Floating pier mode: a floating pier is connected between the oil storage module 6 and the wave-breaking dam 5, and the third oil delivery channel 66 is arranged on the floating pier.

[0192] Example 4

[0193] like Figure 1-6 As shown, an offshore oil storage device described in this embodiment is different from embodiment 1, 2 or 3 in that an anti-oil spill structure 67 is arranged around the outer side of the oil storage module 6. More preferably, the anti-oil spill structure 67 can reduce the wave amplitude, and a cable is connected to the lower part of the anti-oil spill structure 67, and the lower part of the cable is fixed to the bottom of the water.

[0194] The oil spill prevention structure 67 is used to prevent the oil in the area enclosed by the oil spill prevention structure 67 from leaking out of the area enclosed by the oil spill prevention structure 67 .

[0195] By forming a circle with wave-breaking facilities, the impact of adverse environmental loads (mainly wind, wave and current environmental loads) on the oil storage module 6 is effectively reduced or eliminated. On this basis, the anti-oil spill structure 67 can further reduce the wave amplitude, so that the impact of adverse environmental loads on the oil storage module 6 is further reduced.

[0196] The oil spill prevention structure 67 is generally a buoyancy type, and includes a ring-shaped buoyancy component 671, on which a circle of anti-leakage oil cloth 672 is hung, and the oil storage module 6 is located in the area surrounded by the anti-leakage oil cloth 672. Specifically,

[0197] Preferred mode 1: the buoyancy assembly 671 includes a ring-shaped connecting member 673 , on which at least two buoys 674 are connected in series along the circumferential direction, and the anti-oil leakage cloth 672 is connected to the connecting member 673 and / or the buoys 674 .

[0198] The ring formed by the ring-shaped connecting member 673 can be in the shape of a circle, a rectangle, a rectangle with rounded chamfers, a circle, an ellipse, etc.

[0199] Preferred mode 2: The buoyancy assembly 671 includes an annular floating ring 675, and the oil leak-proof cloth 672 is connected to the annular floating ring 675. The annular floating ring 675 can be in a circular, rectangular, rectangular with rounded corners, circular, elliptical or other shapes.

[0200] A harbor is arranged on the wave-facing side of the wave-breaking dam 5 ; and a room, a helipad or a lighthouse is arranged on the wave-breaking dam 5 .

[0201] Example 5

[0202] like Figure 1-3 As shown, an offshore oil storage system described in the present application includes the offshore oil storage device described in Example 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the wave-breaking dam 5 is provided with at least one inlet and outlet, and the portion of the wave-breaking dam 5 located at the inlet and outlet is provided with an extension 505, and the extension 505 extends toward the wave-affected side of the wave-breaking dam 5. The inlet and outlet include an inlet 503 and an outlet 504.

[0203] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred embodiment, a harbor is provided on the wave-facing side of the wave-breaking dam 5;

[0204] On the basis of the above, in a further preferred manner, the wave-breaking dam 5 is provided with a room, a helipad, a wind power equipment or a lighthouse.

[0205] Wind power equipment can provide power support for an offshore oil storage device described in this application.

[0206] like Fig.39 As shown, based on the above, a further preferred embodiment is that there are at least two offshore oil storage devices, wherein at least two adjacent offshore oil storage devices share at least one section of the wave-breaking dam 5.

[0207] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An offshore oil storage device, characterized in that: It comprises an oil storage area (61) surrounded by at least a portion of a wave-breaking dam (5), wherein an oil storage module (6) for storing oil is arranged in the oil storage area (61), and the wave-breaking dam (5) is used to reduce the amplitude of waves; The wave-breaking dam (5) comprises at least two foundations (3) arranged at intervals; the foundation (3) comprises a cylinder (30), the cylinder (30) is filled with fillers (31), the cylinder (30) comprises a reinforced concrete cylinder (32) and a steel cylinder (33) arranged in sequence along the length direction of the cylinder (30), the reinforced concrete cylinder (32) is located above the steel cylinder (33), and the reinforced concrete cylinder (32) and the steel cylinder (33) are sealed; the reinforced concrete cylinder (32) and the steel cylinder (33) are both provided with fillers (31), and the lower part of the steel cylinder (33) is inserted into the bottom surface (39); A first wave-breaking structure (41) is provided between adjacent foundations (3), and the first wave-breaking structure (41) is used to reduce the net flow area of ​​the channel adjacent to the foundation (3); All the first wave-breaking structures (41) between adjacent foundations (3) form a multi-bend channel; A second wave-breaking structure (42) is further provided at the lower part of the first wave-breaking structure (41), the second wave-breaking structure (42) being flexibly connected to at least one of the foundations (3), the first wave-breaking structure (41) being connected to the reinforced concrete cylinder (32), and the second wave-breaking structure (42) being flexibly connected to the steel cylinder (33) on the corresponding foundation (3); The second wave-breaking structure (42) comprises second wave-breaking structure units (45) arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, and at least two adjacent second wave-breaking structure units (45) are flexibly connected via a second flexible member (46); The second wave-breaking structure (42) is located below the water surface.

2. An offshore oil storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anchor cable (68) is connected to the lower part of the oil storage module (6).

3. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of the oil storage modules (6), and all of the oil storage modules (6) are arranged in an array.

4. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil storage module (6) comprises at least two connected buoyancy units (1), the buoyancy units (1) are prefabricated, and an oil storage cavity (11) for storing oil is provided inside the buoyancy unit (1).

5. An offshore oil storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A portion of the buoyancy unit (1) is capable of floating on the water surface.

6. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water plane of the floating body of the pontoon unit (1) is 30-800 m long, 5-200 m wide and 7-15 m high.

7. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buoyancy unit (1) is further provided with a ballast tank (13), in which a ballast medium is stored. The buoyancy and the degree of inclination of the buoyancy unit (1) can be adjusted by adjusting the weight of the ballast medium in the ballast tank (13).

8. An offshore oil storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ballast medium comprises oil, and the buoyancy and tilt of the buoyancy unit (1) are adjusted by adjusting the amount of oil stored in the ballast tank (13).

9. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil storage module (6) is provided with a first oil delivery channel (63) connected to the oil storage chamber (11), and the wave-breaking dam (5) is provided with a second oil delivery channel, the second oil delivery channel being connected to at least one of the first oil delivery channels (63) via a third oil delivery channel (66).

10. An offshore oil storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A suspended tunnel (65) is provided between the oil storage module (6) and the wave-breaking dam (5), and the third oil delivery channel (66) is provided on the suspended tunnel (65).

11. An offshore oil storage device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The third oil delivery channel (66) is located in the floating tunnel (65).

12. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 10, characterized in that: A weight adjustment chamber (651) is provided in the suspension tunnel (65), and a weight adjustment medium is stored in the weight adjustment chamber (651). By adjusting the weight of the weight adjustment medium in the weight adjustment chamber (651), the buoyancy and inclination of the suspension tunnel (65) can be adjusted.

13. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first oil delivery channel (63) is located at the upper part of the oil storage module (6), the suspended tunnel (65) comprises a transverse channel (653) and a vertical channel (652) which are connected, and the third oil delivery channel (66) extends from the top of the vertical channel (652) and is connected to the first oil delivery channel (63).

14. An offshore oil storage device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The suspended tunnel (65) is also provided with a traffic passage (62) for people and vehicles to travel, and the vertical passage (652) is provided with a lift (610) connected to the traffic passage (62).

15. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The third oil delivery channel (66) is flexibly connected to the first oil delivery channel (63); and / or, The third oil delivery channel (66) is flexibly connected to the second oil delivery channel.

16. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A fixed body and a floating body are arranged on the wave-breaking dam (5), the fixed body and the floating body are vertically slidably matched, and the second oil delivery channel is arranged on the floating body.

17. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A floating pier is bridged between the oil storage module (6) and the wave-breaking dam (5), and the third oil delivery channel (66) is arranged on the floating pier.

18. An offshore oil storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: An anti-oil spill structure (67) is provided around the outer side of the oil storage module (6).

19. An offshore oil storage device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The oil spill prevention structure (67) can reduce the wave amplitude.

20. An offshore oil storage device according to claim 19, characterized in that: The oil spill prevention structure (67) comprises a buoyancy component (671) arranged in an annular shape, a circle of oil spill prevention cloth (672) being hung on the buoyancy component (671), and the oil storage module (6) is located in the area surrounded by the oil spill prevention cloth (672).

21. An offshore oil storage device according to claim 20, characterized in that: The buoyancy assembly (671) comprises a connecting member (673) arranged in an annular manner, at least two buoys (674) are connected in series along the circumferential direction on the connecting member (673), and the oil leak-proof cloth (672) is connected to the connecting member (673) and / or the buoys (674).

22. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 20, characterized in that: The buoyancy assembly (671) comprises an annular floating ring (675), and the oil leak-proof cloth (672) is connected to the annular floating ring (675).

23. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 18, characterized in that: A cable is connected to the lower part of the oil spill prevention structure (67).

24. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wave-breaking box (54) is provided adjacent to the top support of the foundation (3).

25. The offshore oil storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first wave-breaking structure (41) is connected to the reinforced concrete cylinder (32).

26. An offshore oil storage system, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least one offshore oil storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein at least one inlet and outlet are arranged on the wave-breaking dam (5), and an extension portion (505) is arranged on the portion of the wave-breaking dam (5) located at the inlet and outlet, and the extension portion (505) extends toward the wave-affected side of the wave-breaking dam (5).

27. An offshore oil storage system according to claim 26, characterized in that: A harbor is provided on the wave-facing side of the wave-breaking dam (5); and / or; The wave-breaking dam (5) is provided with a room, a helipad, wind power equipment or a lighthouse.

28. An offshore oil storage system according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that: There are at least two offshore oil storage devices, wherein at least two adjacent offshore oil storage devices share at least one section of the wave-breaking dam (5).

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