A servo loading system and operation method thereof

Abstract

A steering gear loading system comprises a steering system, a small loading oil cylinder, a large loading oil cylinder, a first loading system, and a second loading system. The small and large loading oil cylinders are symmetrically connected on both sides of the steering plate. The first and second loading systems have the same structure and both include an oil replenishment pump, five electromagnetic ball valves, and two accumulators. One end of the first and second electromagnetic ball valves are both connected to the oil tank through the oil replenishment pump, the other end of the first electromagnetic ball valve is connected to one end of the third electromagnetic ball valve and the oil inlet and outlet of the first accumulator, the other end of the second electromagnetic ball valve is connected to one end of the fourth electromagnetic ball valve and the oil inlet and outlet of the second accumulator, the other ends of the third and fourth electromagnetic ball valves are respectively connected to the two oil chambers of the small loading oil cylinder or the large loading oil cylinder, and the two ends of the fifth electromagnetic ball valve are respectively connected to the two oil chambers of the small loading oil cylinder or the large loading oil cylinder. The present invention not only realizes the accurate simulation of multiple different load conditions, but also has low loading noise and vibration and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic steering gear loading, and in particular relates to a steering gear loading system and an operating method. Background Art

[0002] The hydraulic steering gear is an important equipment for ships. It can make the ship turn the rudder and maintain the rudder position. It is a complex system that integrates electromechanical, hydraulic and other functions. Its performance will directly affect the normal operation of the ship. Therefore, in the process of steering gear design, it is necessary to fully simulate the actual underwater load conditions to verify whether the product prototype meets the use requirements, which requires a steering gear load loading system.

[0003] The existing steering gear load loading system has at least the following problems:

[0004] 1. The servo loading system usually uses a cylinder loading method to simulate the underwater load of the servo. The installed power is large, the system noise and vibration are large, and the control of the load force requires a complex electronic control program to eliminate the influence of external factors. The control is complex and the cost of use is high.

[0005] 2. Generally, the steering gear loading system uses a single loading cylinder to simulate the load. Due to the complex underwater working conditions, the load on the rudder plate varies greatly for different speeds, and at the same speed, the load on the rudder plate changes from zero to the maximum angle. The accuracy of the cylinder load sensor is designed according to the maximum load. For low-speed and small-angle rudder plate working conditions, a single cylinder cannot accurately simulate the actual load, and the actual deviation is large from the theoretical deviation. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a steering gear loading system and an operating method in view of the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A steering gear loading system, comprising a steering system, a small loading oil cylinder, a large loading oil cylinder, a first loading system, and a second loading system, wherein the small loading oil cylinder and the large loading oil cylinder are symmetrically connected to both sides of a steering plate, the first loading system and the second loading system have the same structure, and both comprise an oil replenishment pump, a first electromagnetic ball valve, a second electromagnetic ball valve, a third electromagnetic ball valve, a fourth electromagnetic ball valve, a fifth electromagnetic ball valve, a first accumulator, and a second accumulator, the oil replenishment pump, the first electromagnetic ball valve, the second electromagnetic ball valve, the third electromagnetic ball valve, the fourth electromagnetic ball valve, and the fifth electromagnetic ball valve are all connected to a steering system signal, and one end of the first electromagnetic ball valve and the second electromagnetic ball valve are connected to a fuel tank through an oil replenishment pump The other end of the first solenoid ball valve is connected with one end of the third solenoid ball valve and the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 1 accumulator, the other end of the second solenoid ball valve is connected with one end of the fourth solenoid ball valve and the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 2 accumulator, the other ends of the third solenoid ball valve and the fourth solenoid ball valve in the first loading system are respectively connected with the two oil chambers of the small loading cylinder, the two ends of the fifth solenoid ball valve in the first loading system are respectively connected with the two oil chambers of the small loading cylinder, the other ends of the third solenoid ball valve and the fourth solenoid ball valve in the second loading system are respectively connected with the two oil chambers of the large loading cylinder, and the two ends of the fifth solenoid ball valve in the second loading system are respectively connected with the two oil chambers of the large loading cylinder.

[0009] The first loading system and the second loading system also include a first normally open ball valve, a first unloading ball valve, a second normally open ball valve, and a second unloading ball valve. One end of the first normally open ball valve is communicated with the first electromagnetic ball valve and the third electromagnetic ball valve, one end of the first unloading ball valve is communicated with the oil tank, the other ends of the first normally open ball valve and the first unloading ball valve are both communicated with the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 1 accumulator, one end of the second normally open ball valve is communicated with the second electromagnetic ball valve and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve, one end of the second unloading ball valve is communicated with the oil tank, the other ends of the second normally open ball valve and the second unloading ball valve are communicated with the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 2 accumulator, the air inlet and outlet of the No. 1 accumulator and the No. 2 accumulator are respectively communicated with the nitrogen bottle through the first charging valve and the second charging valve, and the first normally open ball valve, the first unloading ball valve, the second normally open ball valve, the second unloading ball valve, the first charging valve, and the second charging valve are all connected with the steering system signal.

[0010] The first loading system and the second loading system also include a first accumulator safety valve, a first accumulator unloading valve, a second accumulator safety valve, and a second accumulator unloading valve. One end of the first accumulator safety valve and the first accumulator unloading valve is connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 1 accumulator, and the other end of the first accumulator safety valve and the first accumulator unloading valve is connected to the oil tank. One end of the second accumulator safety valve and the second accumulator unloading valve is connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 2 accumulator, and the other end of the second accumulator safety valve and the second accumulator unloading valve is connected to the oil tank. The first accumulator safety valve, the first accumulator unloading valve, the second accumulator safety valve, and the second accumulator unloading valve are all connected to the steering system signal.

[0011] The first loading system and the second loading system also include an oil replenishing one-way valve, an oil replenishing overflow valve, and a third charging valve. One end of the oil replenishing one-way valve and the oil replenishing overflow valve are connected to the oil outlet end of the oil replenishing pump, the other end of the oil replenishing one-way valve is connected to the first electromagnetic ball valve and the second electromagnetic ball valve, the other end of the oil replenishing overflow valve is connected to the oil tank, one end of the third charging valve is connected to the nitrogen bottle, the other end of the third charging valve is connected to the first charging valve and the second charging valve, and a deflation valve is provided on the connecting pipeline between the third charging valve and the nitrogen bottle, and the oil replenishing one-way valve, the oil replenishing overflow valve, the third charging valve, and the deflation valve are all connected to the steering system signal.

[0012] The small loading oil cylinder and the large loading oil cylinder are provided with load sensors connected with the steering system signal.

[0013] A method for operating a steering gear loading system includes the following load simulation operations:

[0014] When a small load working condition simulation is required, the steering system controls the fifth electromagnetic ball valve in the second loading system to be energized. At this time, the two oil chambers of the large loading cylinder are connected, and the output load of the large loading cylinder is zero. At the same time, the steering system drives the steering cylinder to drive the rudder plate to rotate, so that the piston rod of the small loading cylinder is extended and retracted, the volume of the No. 1 accumulator decreases, the pressure increases, and the volume of the No. 2 accumulator increases, and the pressure decreases;

[0015] When a large load working condition simulation is required, the steering system controls the fifth electromagnetic ball valve in the first loading system to be energized. At this time, the two oil chambers of the small loading cylinder are connected, and the output load of the small loading cylinder is zero. At the same time, the steering system drives the steering cylinder to drive the rudder plate to rotate, so that the piston rod of the large loading cylinder is extended and retracted, the volume of the No. 2 accumulator decreases, the pressure increases, and the volume of the No. 1 accumulator increases, and the pressure decreases;

[0016] When it is necessary to simulate the ultra-large load condition, the steering system drives the steering cylinder to rotate the rudder plate, so that the piston rods of the small loading cylinder and the large loading cylinder are extended and retracted, and the pressures of the No. 1 accumulator and the No. 2 accumulator in the first loading system and the No. 1 accumulator and the No. 2 accumulator in the second loading system are changed accordingly, and the pressure difference loads output by the small loading cylinder and the large loading cylinder are in opposite directions;

[0017] When unloaded, the steering system controls the fifth electromagnetic ball valves in the first loading system and the second loading system to be energized. At this time, the two oil chambers of the small loading cylinder and the two oil chambers of the large loading cylinder are connected, and the output load is zero.

[0018] The first loading system and the second loading system further include a first normally open ball valve, a first unloading ball valve, a second normally open ball valve, and a second unloading ball valve, one end of the first normally open ball valve is communicated with the first electromagnetic ball valve and the third electromagnetic ball valve, one end of the first unloading ball valve is communicated with the oil tank, the other ends of the first normally open ball valve and the first unloading ball valve are both communicated with the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 1 accumulator, one end of the second normally open ball valve is communicated with the second electromagnetic ball valve and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve, one end of the second unloading ball valve is communicated with the oil tank, the other ends of the second normally open ball valve and the second unloading ball valve are communicated with the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 2 accumulator, the air inlet and outlet of the No. 1 accumulator and the No. 2 accumulator are respectively communicated with the nitrogen cylinder through the first charging valve and the second charging valve, and the first normally open ball valve, the first unloading ball valve, the second normally open ball valve, the second unloading ball valve, the first charging valve, and the second charging valve are all connected to the steering system signal;

[0019] In the operation method, the following operations are performed in sequence before performing the load simulation operation:

[0020] Accumulator air pressure setting: The steering system first controls the first normally open ball valve and the second normally open ball valve to close, and the first unloading ball valve and the second unloading ball valve to open, so that the No. 1 accumulator and the No. 2 accumulator are completely depressurized, and then controls the first charging valve and the second charging valve to open, so that the gas in the nitrogen bottle enters the No. 1 accumulator and the No. 2 accumulator. When the charging pressure in the No. 1 accumulator and the No. 2 accumulator reaches the set value, the first charging valve and the second charging valve are controlled to close;

[0021] Oil pressure setting of accumulator: when the rudder plate is at 0° and the small loading cylinder and the large loading cylinder are in the middle position, the steering system controls the first electromagnetic ball valve, the second electromagnetic ball valve, the third electromagnetic ball valve and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve to be energized, and the oil output by the replenishing pump in the first loading system flows to the two oil chambers of the small loading cylinder, the No. 1 accumulator and the No. 2 accumulator respectively. The oil output by the replenishing pump in the second loading system flows to the two oil chambers of the large loading cylinder, the No. 1 accumulator and the No. 2 accumulator respectively. When the oil pressure of the No. 1 accumulator and the No. 2 accumulator reaches the set value, the steering system controls the first electromagnetic ball valve and the second electromagnetic ball valve to lose power, and the replenishing pump stops.

[0022] The first loading system and the second loading system further include a first accumulator safety valve, a first accumulator unloading valve, a second accumulator safety valve, and a second accumulator unloading valve. One end of the first accumulator safety valve and the first accumulator unloading valve is connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 1 accumulator, and the other end of the first accumulator safety valve and the first accumulator unloading valve is connected to the oil tank. One end of the second accumulator safety valve and the second accumulator unloading valve is connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 2 accumulator, and the other end of the second accumulator safety valve and the second accumulator unloading valve is connected to the oil tank. The first accumulator safety valve, the first accumulator unloading valve, the second accumulator safety valve, and the second accumulator unloading valve are all connected to the steering system signal;

[0023] The operation method further comprises:

[0024] When the pressure of accumulator No. 1 and accumulator No. 2 is too high, the steering system controls the first accumulator unloading valve and the second accumulator unloading valve to be energized, and the third solenoid ball valve, the fourth solenoid ball valve, and the fifth solenoid ball valve to be energized to relieve the pressure of accumulator No. 1 and accumulator No. 2. When the pressure drops to the set value, the first accumulator unloading valve and the second accumulator unloading valve lose power, the fifth solenoid ball valve loses power, and the third solenoid ball valve and the fourth solenoid ball valve remain energized to maintain the pressure of accumulator No. 1, accumulator No. 2 and the cylinder at the set value.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. A steering gear loading system of the present invention comprises a steering system, a small loading oil cylinder, a large loading oil cylinder, a first loading system, and a second loading system. The small loading oil cylinder and the large loading oil cylinder are symmetrically connected on both sides of the steering plate. The first loading system and the second loading system have the same structure and both comprise a replenishing pump, a first electromagnetic ball valve, a second electromagnetic ball valve, a third electromagnetic ball valve, a fourth electromagnetic ball valve, a fifth electromagnetic ball valve, a first accumulator, and a second accumulator. The replenishing pump, the first electromagnetic ball valve, the second electromagnetic ball valve, the third electromagnetic ball valve, the fourth electromagnetic ball valve, and the fifth electromagnetic ball valve are all connected to the steering system signal. The first electromagnetic ball valve, the second electromagnetic ball valve, the third electromagnetic ball valve, the fourth electromagnetic ball valve, and the fifth electromagnetic ball valve are all connected to the steering system signal. One end of the electromagnetic ball valve is connected to the oil tank through the oil replenishment pump, the other end of the first electromagnetic ball valve is connected to one end of the third electromagnetic ball valve and the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 1 accumulator, the other end of the second electromagnetic ball valve is connected to one end of the fourth electromagnetic ball valve and the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 2 accumulator, the other ends of the third electromagnetic ball valve and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve in the first loading system are respectively connected to the two oil chambers of the small loading cylinder, the two ends of the fifth electromagnetic ball valve in the first loading system are respectively connected to the two oil chambers of the small loading cylinder, and the other ends of the third electromagnetic ball valve and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve in the second loading system are respectively connected to the two oil chambers of the large loading cylinder , the two ends of the fifth electromagnetic ball valve in the second loading system are respectively connected to the two oil chambers of the large loading cylinder. When a small load working condition simulation is required, the steering system controls the large loading cylinder to bypass, and the two accumulators connected to the small loading cylinder produce a volume change with the extension and contraction action of the small loading cylinder, thereby serving as the load of the steering cylinder; when a large load working condition simulation is required, the steering system controls the small loading cylinder to bypass, and the two accumulators connected to the large loading cylinder produce a volume change with the extension and contraction action of the large loading cylinder through the second loading system; when an extra-large load working condition simulation is required, the steering system When the steering system is unloaded, the first loading system and the second loading system are controlled, so that the volumes of the two accumulators connected to the small loading cylinder and the two accumulators connected to the large loading cylinder are changed, that is, the pressure differential load of the cylinder is simulated by scaling the volumes of the two accumulators; when unloaded, the steering system controls the small loading cylinder and the large loading cylinder to bypass. The system simulates the pressure differential load of the cylinder by scaling the volumes of the two accumulators. It can not only simulate a variety of different load conditions, but also has high simulation accuracy and small loading noise and vibration. The power source of the loading system is only used for accumulator oil replenishment and air pressure setting, with small installed power and low cost. Therefore, the present invention not only realizes the accurate simulation of a variety of different load conditions, but also has small loading noise and vibration and low cost.

[0027] 2. In a steering gear loading system of the present invention, the first loading system and the second loading system further include a first accumulator safety valve, a first accumulator unloading valve, a second accumulator safety valve, and a second accumulator unloading valve. One end of the first accumulator safety valve and the first accumulator unloading valve is connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the first accumulator, and the other end of the first accumulator safety valve and the first accumulator unloading valve is connected to the oil tank. One end of the second accumulator safety valve and the second accumulator unloading valve is connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the second accumulator, and the other end of the second accumulator safety valve and the second accumulator unloading valve is connected to the oil tank. The first accumulator safety valve and the second accumulator unloading valve are all connected with the steering system signal. When the pressure of the first accumulator and the second accumulator is too high, the steering system controls the first accumulator unloading valve and the second accumulator unloading valve to be energized, and the third electromagnetic ball valve, the fourth electromagnetic ball valve, and the fifth electromagnetic ball valve to be energized, so that the first accumulator and the second accumulator are depressurized. When the pressure drops to the set value, the first accumulator unloading valve and the second accumulator unloading valve lose power, the fifth electromagnetic ball valve loses power, and the third electromagnetic ball valve and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve remain energized, so that the pressure of the first accumulator, the second accumulator and the oil cylinder is maintained at the set value, which can effectively protect the accumulator. Therefore, the present invention can effectively protect the accumulator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure, the steering system 1, the small loading cylinder 2, the load sensor 21, the large loading cylinder 3, the first loading system 4, the oil replenishment pump 41, the oil replenishment overflow valve 411, the first electromagnetic ball valve 42, the second electromagnetic ball valve 43, the third electromagnetic ball valve 44, the fourth electromagnetic ball valve 45, the fifth electromagnetic ball valve 46, the No. 1 accumulator 47, the first charging valve 471, the third charging valve 472, the deflation valve 473, the No. 2 accumulator 48, the second charging valve 481, the oil replenishment check valve 49, the second loading system 5, the first normally open ball valve 51, the first unloading ball valve 52, the second normally open ball valve 53, the second unloading ball valve 54, the first accumulator safety valve 55, the first accumulator unloading valve 56, the second accumulator safety valve 57, the second accumulator unloading valve 58, the steering plate 6, the oil tank 7, the nitrogen bottle 8, and the steering cylinder 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0031] The basic principle of accumulator loading is: when the rudder plate 6 is at 0°, the small loading cylinder 2 and the large loading cylinder 3 are in the middle position, at this time, the pressures of the No. 1 accumulator 47 and the No. 2 accumulator 48 are equal, the third solenoid ball valve 44 and the fourth solenoid ball valve 45 are energized and in passage, and the other solenoid ball valves are de-energized and in a short-circuit state.

[0032] Since the small loading cylinder 2 and the large loading cylinder 3 must ensure that the pressures of the first accumulator 47 and the second accumulator 48 are consistent when in the middle position, the required load can be achieved. Therefore, it is particularly important that the charging pressure and the middle pressure of the two accumulators must be consistent.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] See also Figure 1A steering gear loading system comprises a steering system 1, a small loading oil cylinder 2, a large loading oil cylinder 3, a first loading system 4, and a second loading system 5. The small loading oil cylinder 2 and the large loading oil cylinder 3 are symmetrically connected to both sides of a steering plate 6. The small loading oil cylinder 2 and the large loading oil cylinder 3 are provided with a load sensor 21. The first loading system 4 and the second loading system 5 have the same structure and both comprise a replenishing oil pump 41, a first electromagnetic ball valve 42, a second electromagnetic ball valve 43, a third electromagnetic ball valve 44, a fourth electromagnetic ball valve 45, a fifth electromagnetic ball valve 46, a No. 1 accumulator 47, a No. 2 accumulator 48, a first normally open ball valve 51, a first unloading ball valve 52, a second normally open ball valve 53, a second unloading The first solenoid ball valve 42 and the second solenoid ball valve 43 are connected to the oil tank 7 through the oil replenishment check valve 49 and the oil replenishment pump 41 in sequence. The other end of the first solenoid ball valve 42 is connected to one end of the third solenoid ball valve 44 and the oil inlet and outlet of the first accumulator 47. The other end of the second solenoid ball valve 43 is connected to one end of the fourth solenoid ball valve 45 and the oil inlet and outlet of the second accumulator 48. The other ends of the third solenoid ball valve 44 and the fourth solenoid ball valve 45 in the first loading system 4 are respectively connected to the lower and upper oil chambers of the small loading cylinder 2. The fifth solenoid ball valve 44 in the first loading system 4 is connected to the oil tank 7 through the oil replenishment check valve 49 and the oil replenishment pump 41 in sequence. The two ends of 6 are respectively connected to the lower and upper oil chambers of the small loading cylinder 2, the other ends of the third electromagnetic ball valve 44 and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve 45 in the second loading system 5 are respectively connected to the lower and upper oil chambers of the large loading cylinder 3, the two ends of the fifth electromagnetic ball valve 46 in the second loading system 5 are respectively connected to the lower and upper oil chambers of the large loading cylinder 3, one end of the first normally open ball valve 51 is connected to the first electromagnetic ball valve 42 and the third electromagnetic ball valve 44, one end of the second normally open ball valve 53 is connected to the second electromagnetic ball valve 43 and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve 45, one end of the first unloading ball valve 52 and the second unloading ball valve 54 is connected to the oil tank 7, the first normally open ball valve 51 and the first unloading ball valve 52 are connected to the oil tank 7, and the first normally open ball valve 51 and the first unloading ball valve 52 are connected to the oil tank 7. The other end of each of the two oil-filling valves 41 and 41 is connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 1 accumulator 47. The other end of the second normally open ball valve 53 and the second unloading ball valve 54 are connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 2 accumulator 48. The air inlet and outlet of the No. 1 accumulator 47 and the No. 2 accumulator 48 are connected to the nitrogen bottle 8 through the first charging valve 471 and the second charging valve 481 respectively. The two ends of the oil replenishment overflow valve 411 are connected to the oil outlet end of the oil replenishment pump 41 and the oil tank 7 respectively. One end of the third charging valve 472 is connected to the nitrogen bottle 8. The other end of the third charging valve 472 is connected to the first charging valve 471 and the second charging valve 481. A deflation valve 473 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the third charging valve 472 and the nitrogen bottle 8.The oil replenishment pump 41, the first electromagnetic ball valve 42, the second electromagnetic ball valve 43, the third electromagnetic ball valve 44, the fourth electromagnetic ball valve 45, the fifth electromagnetic ball valve 46, the oil replenishment check valve 49, the oil replenishment relief valve 411, the first charging valve 471, the second charging valve 481, the third charging valve 472, the deflation valve 473, the first normally open ball valve 51, the first unloading ball valve 52, the second normally open ball valve 53, and the second unloading ball valve 54 are all connected to the steering system 1 by signal.

[0035] The operating method of the above-mentioned steering gear loading system comprises the following operations in sequence:

[0036] Gas pressure setting of the accumulator: the steering system 1 first controls the first normally open ball valve 51 and the second normally open ball valve 53 to be closed, and the first unloading ball valve 52 and the second unloading ball valve 54 to be opened, so that the No. 1 accumulator 47 and the No. 2 accumulator 48 are completely depressurized, and then controls the first charging valve 471 and the second charging valve 481 to be opened, so that the gas in the nitrogen bottle 8 enters the No. 1 accumulator 47 and the No. 2 accumulator 48. When the charging pressure in the No. 1 accumulator 47 and the No. 2 accumulator 48 reaches the set value, the first charging valve 471 and the second charging valve 481 are controlled to be closed;

[0037] Oil pressure setting of the accumulator: when the rudder plate 6 is at the 0° position and the small loading cylinder 2 and the large loading cylinder 3 are at the middle position, the steering system 1 controls the first electromagnetic ball valve 42, the second electromagnetic ball valve 43, the third electromagnetic ball valve 44 and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve 45 to be energized, and the oil output by the replenishing pump 41 in the first loading system 4 flows to the two oil chambers of the small loading cylinder 2, the No. 1 accumulator 47 and the No. 2 accumulator 48 respectively, and the oil output by the replenishing pump 41 in the second loading system 5 flows to the two oil chambers of the large loading cylinder 3, the No. 1 accumulator 47 and the No. 2 accumulator 48 respectively. When the oil pressure of the No. 1 accumulator 47 and the No. 2 accumulator 47 reaches the set value, the steering system 1 controls the first electromagnetic ball valve 42 and the second electromagnetic ball valve 43 to lose power, and the replenishing pump 41 stops operating;

[0038] Load simulation operation:

[0039] When a small load working condition simulation is required, the steering system 1 controls the fifth electromagnetic ball valve 46 in the second loading system 5 to be energized. At this time, the two oil chambers of the large loading cylinder 3 are connected, and the output load of the large loading cylinder 3 is zero. At the same time, the steering system 1 drives the steering plate 6 to rotate by driving the steering cylinder 9, so that the piston rod of the small loading cylinder 2 is retracted, the volume of the first accumulator 47 becomes smaller, the pressure becomes larger, and the volume of the second accumulator 48 becomes larger, and the pressure becomes smaller;

[0040] When a large load working condition simulation is required, the steering system 1 controls the fifth electromagnetic ball valve 46 in the first loading system 4 to be energized. At this time, the two oil chambers of the small loading cylinder 2 are connected, and the output load of the small loading cylinder 2 is zero. At the same time, the steering system 1 drives the steering plate 6 to rotate by driving the steering cylinder 9, so that the piston rod of the large loading cylinder 3 extends, the volume of the second accumulator 48 decreases, the pressure increases, and the volume of the first accumulator 47 increases, and the pressure decreases;

[0041] When it is necessary to simulate the ultra-large load condition, the steering system 1 drives the steering cylinder 9 to drive the rudder plate 6 to rotate, so that the piston rod of the small loading cylinder 2 is retracted and the piston rod of the large loading cylinder 3 is extended. The pressure of the No. 1 accumulator 47 and the No. 2 accumulator 48 in the first loading system 4 and the No. 1 accumulator 47 and the No. 2 accumulator 48 in the second loading system 5 are changed accordingly, and the pressure difference loads output by the small loading cylinder 2 and the large loading cylinder 3 are in opposite directions.

[0042] When unloaded, the steering system 1 controls the fifth electromagnetic ball valve 46 in the first loading system 4 and the second loading system 5 to be energized. At this time, the two oil chambers of the small loading cylinder 2 and the two oil chambers of the large loading cylinder 3 are connected, and the output load is zero.

[0043] Embodiment 2:

[0044] The difference from Example 1 is that:

[0045] The first loading system 4 and the second loading system 5 further include a first accumulator safety valve 55, a first accumulator unloading valve 56, a second accumulator safety valve 57, and a second accumulator unloading valve 58. One end of the first accumulator safety valve 55 and the first accumulator unloading valve 56 are communicated with the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 1 accumulator 47, and one end of the second accumulator safety valve 57 and the second accumulator unloading valve 58 are both communicated with the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 2 accumulator 48. The other ends of the first accumulator safety valve 55, the first accumulator unloading valve 56, the second accumulator safety valve 57, and the second accumulator unloading valve 58 are communicated with the oil tank 7. The first accumulator safety valve 55, the first accumulator unloading valve 56, the second accumulator safety valve 57, and the second accumulator unloading valve 58 are all connected to the steering system 1 by signal.

[0046] The operation method further comprises:

[0047] When the pressure of accumulator No. 1 47 and accumulator No. 2 48 is too high, the steering system 1 controls the first accumulator unloading valve 56 and the second accumulator unloading valve 58 to be energized, and the third solenoid ball valve 44, the fourth solenoid ball valve 45, and the fifth solenoid ball valve 46 to be energized, so that the pressure of accumulator No. 1 47 and accumulator No. 2 48 is relieved. When the pressure drops to the set value, the first accumulator unloading valve 56 and the second accumulator unloading valve 58 are de-energized, the fifth solenoid ball valve 46 is de-energized, and the third solenoid ball valve 44 and the fourth solenoid ball valve 45 remain energized, so that the pressure of accumulator No. 1 47, accumulator No. 2 48 and the cylinder is maintained at the set value.

Claims

1. A steering gear loading system, characterized in that: The loading system comprises a steering system (1), a small loading oil cylinder (2), a large loading oil cylinder (3), a first loading system (4), and a second loading system (5). The small loading oil cylinder (2) and the large loading oil cylinder (3) are symmetrically connected to the two sides of the steering plate (6). The first loading system (4) and the second loading system (5) have the same structure and both comprise an oil replenishment pump (41), a first electromagnetic ball valve (42), a second electromagnetic ball valve (43), a third electromagnetic ball valve (44), a fourth electromagnetic ball valve (45), a fifth electromagnetic ball valve (46), a first accumulator (47), and a second accumulator (48). The oil replenishment pump (41), the first electromagnetic ball valve (42), the second electromagnetic ball valve (43), the third electromagnetic ball valve (44), the fourth electromagnetic ball valve (45), and the fifth electromagnetic ball valve (46) are all connected to the steering system (1) by signal. One end of each of the first electromagnetic ball valve (42) and the second electromagnetic ball valve (43) is connected to the steering system (1). The supplementary oil pump (41) is in communication with the oil tank (7); the other end of the first electromagnetic ball valve (42) is in communication with one end of the third electromagnetic ball valve (44) and the oil inlet and outlet of the first accumulator (47); the other end of the second electromagnetic ball valve (43) is in communication with one end of the fourth electromagnetic ball valve (45) and the oil inlet and outlet of the second accumulator (48); the other ends of the third electromagnetic ball valve (44) and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve (45) in the first loading system (4) are in communication with two oil chambers of the small loading oil cylinder (2); the two ends of the fifth electromagnetic ball valve (46) in the first loading system (4) are in communication with two oil chambers of the small loading oil cylinder (2); the other ends of the third electromagnetic ball valve (44) and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve (45) in the second loading system (5) are in communication with two oil chambers of the large loading oil cylinder (3); and the two ends of the fifth electromagnetic ball valve (46) in the second loading system (5) are in communication with two oil chambers of the large loading oil cylinder (3).

2. The steering gear loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first loading system (4) and the second loading system (5) further comprise a first normally open ball valve (51), a first unloading ball valve (52), a second normally open ball valve (53), and a second unloading ball valve (54); one end of the first normally open ball valve (51) is in communication with the first electromagnetic ball valve (42) and the third electromagnetic ball valve (44); one end of the first unloading ball valve (52) and the second unloading ball valve (54) are in communication with the oil tank (7); the other ends of the first normally open ball valve (51) and the first unloading ball valve (52) are both in communication with the oil inlet and outlet of the first accumulator (47); one end of the second normally open ball valve (53) is in communication with the second The electromagnetic ball valve (43) and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve (45) are connected, and the other ends of the second normally open ball valve (53) and the second unloading ball valve (54) are connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the second accumulator (48). The air inlet and outlet of the first accumulator (47) and the second accumulator (48) are connected to the nitrogen bottle (8) through the first charging valve (471) and the second charging valve (481) respectively. The first normally open ball valve (51), the first unloading ball valve (52), the second normally open ball valve (53), the second unloading ball valve (54), the first charging valve (471), and the second charging valve (481) are all connected to the steering system (1) signal.

3. The steering gear loading system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first loading system (4) and the second loading system (5) further include a first accumulator safety valve (55), a first accumulator unloading valve (56), a second accumulator safety valve (57), and a second accumulator unloading valve (58); one end of the first accumulator safety valve (55) and the first accumulator unloading valve (56) are in communication with the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 1 accumulator (47); one end of the second accumulator safety valve (57) and the second accumulator unloading valve (58) are in communication with the oil inlet and outlet of the No. 2 accumulator (48); the other ends of the first accumulator safety valve (55), the first accumulator unloading valve (56), the second accumulator safety valve (57), and the second accumulator unloading valve (58) are in communication with the oil tank (7); and the first accumulator safety valve (55), the first accumulator unloading valve (56), the second accumulator safety valve (57), and the second accumulator unloading valve (58) are all in signal connection with the steering system (1).

4. The steering gear loading system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first loading system (4) and the second loading system (5) further comprise an oil replenishment check valve (49), an oil replenishment overflow valve (411), and a third inflation valve (472); one end of the oil replenishment check valve (49) and the oil replenishment overflow valve (411) are connected to the oil outlet end of the oil replenishment pump (41); the other end of the oil replenishment check valve (49) is connected to the first electromagnetic ball valve (42) and the second electromagnetic ball valve (43); and the other end of the oil replenishment overflow valve (411) is connected to the oil tank (7). One end of the third inflation valve (472) is in communication with the nitrogen bottle (8), and the other end of the third inflation valve (472) is in communication with the first inflation valve (471) and the second inflation valve (481), and a deflation valve (473) is provided on a connecting pipeline between the third inflation valve (472) and the nitrogen bottle (8), and the oil replenishment check valve (49), the oil replenishment overflow valve (411), the third inflation valve (472), and the deflation valve (473) are all connected to a steering system (1) signal.

5. The steering gear loading system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The small loading oil cylinder (2) and the large loading oil cylinder (3) are provided with load sensors (21) which are connected to the steering system (1) signals.

6. An operating method of the steering gear loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation method includes the following load simulation operations: When a small load working condition simulation is required, the steering system (1) controls the fifth electromagnetic ball valve (46) in the second loading system (5) to be energized, and at this time, the two oil chambers of the large loading oil cylinder (3) are connected, and the output load of the large loading oil cylinder (3) is zero. At the same time, the steering system (1) drives the steering oil cylinder (9) to drive the rudder plate (6) to rotate, thereby causing the piston rod of the small loading oil cylinder (2) to expand and contract, and the volume of the first accumulator (47) decreases, the pressure increases, and the volume of the second accumulator (48) increases, and the pressure decreases; When a large load working condition simulation is required, the steering system (1) controls the fifth electromagnetic ball valve (46) in the first loading system (4) to be energized, and at this time, the two oil chambers of the small loading oil cylinder (2) are connected, and the output load of the small loading oil cylinder (2) is zero. At the same time, the steering system (1) drives the steering oil cylinder (9) to drive the rudder plate (6) to rotate, thereby causing the piston rod of the large loading oil cylinder (3) to expand and contract, the volume of the second accumulator (48) to decrease, the pressure to increase, and the volume of the first accumulator (47) to increase, and the pressure to decrease; When it is necessary to simulate an ultra-large load condition, the steering system (1) drives the steering cylinder (9) to drive the rudder plate (6) to rotate, thereby causing the piston rods of the small loading cylinder (2) and the large loading cylinder (3) to extend and retract, and the pressures of the No. 1 accumulator (47) and the No. 2 accumulator (48) in the first loading system (4) and the No. 1 accumulator (47) and the No. 2 accumulator (48) in the second loading system (5) are changed accordingly, and the pressure difference loads output by the small loading cylinder (2) and the large loading cylinder (3) are in opposite directions; When the load is not loaded, the steering system (1) controls the fifth electromagnetic ball valve (46) in the first loading system (4) and the second loading system (5) to be energized. At this time, the two oil chambers of the small loading oil cylinder (2) and the two oil chambers of the large loading oil cylinder (3) are connected, and the output load is zero.

7. The operating method of a steering gear loading system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first loading system (4) and the second loading system (5) further comprise a first normally open ball valve (51), a first unloading ball valve (52), a second normally open ball valve (53), and a second unloading ball valve (54); one end of the first normally open ball valve (51) is in communication with the first electromagnetic ball valve (42) and the third electromagnetic ball valve (44); one end of the first unloading ball valve (52) and the second unloading ball valve (54) are in communication with the oil tank (7); the other ends of the first normally open ball valve (51) and the first unloading ball valve (52) are both in communication with the oil inlet and outlet of the first accumulator (47); one end of the second normally open ball valve (53) is in communication with the second The electromagnetic ball valve (43) and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve (45) are connected, the other ends of the second normally open ball valve (53) and the second unloading ball valve (54) are connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the second accumulator (48), the air inlet and outlet of the first accumulator (47) and the second accumulator (48) are connected to the nitrogen bottle (8) through the first charging valve (471) and the second charging valve (481), respectively, and the first normally open ball valve (51), the first unloading ball valve (52), the second normally open ball valve (53), the second unloading ball valve (54), the first charging valve (471), and the second charging valve (481) are all connected to the steering system (1) signal; In the operation method, the following operations are performed in sequence before performing the load simulation operation: Gas pressure setting of the accumulator: the steering system (1) first controls the first normally open ball valve (51) and the second normally open ball valve (53) to be closed, and the first unloading ball valve (52) and the second unloading ball valve (54) to be opened, so that the pressure of the No. 1 accumulator (47) and the No. 2 accumulator (48) is completely relieved, and then controls the first charging valve (471) and the second charging valve (481) to be opened, so that the gas in the nitrogen bottle (8) enters the No. 1 accumulator (47) and the No. 2 accumulator (48), and when the charging pressure in the No. 1 accumulator (47) and the No. 2 accumulator (48) reaches the set value, controls the first charging valve (471) and the second charging valve (481) to be closed; The oil pressure of the accumulator is set as follows: when the steering plate (6) is at the 0° position and the small loading oil cylinder (2) and the large loading oil cylinder (3) are at the middle position, the steering system (1) controls the first electromagnetic ball valve (42), the second electromagnetic ball valve (43), the third electromagnetic ball valve (44) and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve (45) to be energized, and the oil output by the replenishing pump (41) in the first loading system (4) flows to the two oil chambers of the small loading oil cylinder (2), the first accumulator (47) and the second accumulator (48), respectively; the oil output by the replenishing pump (41) in the second loading system (5) flows to the two oil chambers of the large loading oil cylinder (3), the first accumulator (47) and the second accumulator (48), respectively; when the oil pressure of the first accumulator (47) and the second accumulator (47) reaches the set value, the steering system (1) controls the first electromagnetic ball valve (42) and the second electromagnetic ball valve (43) to be de-energized, and the replenishing pump (41) stops operating.

8. The operating method of a steering gear loading system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first loading system (4) and the second loading system (5) further include a first accumulator safety valve (55), a first accumulator unloading valve (56), a second accumulator safety valve (57), and a second accumulator unloading valve (58); one end of the first accumulator safety valve (55) and the first accumulator unloading valve (56) are in communication with the oil inlet and outlet of the first accumulator (47); one end of the second accumulator safety valve (57) and the second accumulator unloading valve (58) are in communication with the oil inlet and outlet of the second accumulator (48); the other ends of the first accumulator safety valve (55), the first accumulator unloading valve (56), the second accumulator safety valve (57), and the second accumulator unloading valve (58) are in communication with the oil tank (7); the first accumulator safety valve (55), the first accumulator unloading valve (56), the second accumulator safety valve (57), and the second accumulator unloading valve (58) are all in signal connection with the steering system (1); The operation method further comprises: When the pressure of the No. 1 accumulator (47) and the No. 2 accumulator (48) is too high, the steering system (1) controls the first accumulator unloading valve (56) and the second accumulator unloading valve (58) to be energized, and the third electromagnetic ball valve (44), the fourth electromagnetic ball valve (45), and the fifth electromagnetic ball valve (46) to be energized, so that the No. 1 accumulator (47) and the No. 2 accumulator (48) are relieved of pressure. When the pressure is reduced to a set value, the first accumulator unloading valve (56) and the second accumulator unloading valve (58) are de-energized, the fifth electromagnetic ball valve (46) is de-energized, and the third electromagnetic ball valve (44) and the fourth electromagnetic ball valve (45) remain energized, so that the pressure of the No. 1 accumulator (47), the No. 2 accumulator (48) and the oil cylinder is maintained at the set value.

Images