Thermocline monitoring method and device based on spectral technology

Abstract

The present invention provides a thermocline monitoring method based on spectral technology and a thermocline monitoring device based on spectral technology. The method first pre-judges whether a thermocline exists through temperature monitoring points, and then determines whether a thermocline exists through spectral analysis of water quality monitoring points. If so, the height of the thermocline is calculated based on the coordination of temperature monitoring points and water quality monitoring points. The method has high accuracy and can timely and accurately process the thermocline according to the height of the thermocline. For example, an aerator is turned on to fully stir the water body, break the thermocline, and allow the oxygen-rich water body on the surface to be fully mixed with the oxygen-deficient water body on the bottom to increase the overall oxygen content of the water body, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of floating heads when the dissolved oxygen value in the pond is low in the early morning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of thermocline detection, and in particular to a thermocline monitoring method and device based on spectral technology. Background Art

[0002] Thermocline is a thin layer located about 100-200 meters below the sea surface with huge changes in temperature and density. It is a layer where the water temperature drops sharply between the thin upper warm water layer and the thick lower cold water layer. Since salinity is almost stable in the open ocean and pressure has only a slight effect on density, temperature becomes the most important factor affecting seawater density. The seawater at the ocean surface is warmer, so its density is lower than that of the cold water at depth. The rapid changes in temperature and density in the thermocline make the thermocline an important interface for organisms and seawater circulation. Thermoclines are not only formed in the ocean. In ponds, when the temperature difference between the upper and lower layers is large and the mixing resistance is large, the deeper the water, the more likely it is to form a thermocline, especially in hot and rainy summers. The following hazards may occur after the thermocline forms in ponds:

[0003] 1. The lack of oxygen at the bottom of the pond affects the growth of algae; the dissolved oxygen in the upper layer is not easily transported to the lower layer, which aggravates the oxygen debt at the bottom of the pond; the nutrients contained in the bottom mud in the lower layer are difficult to be replenished to the upper layer for algae absorption, which affects the growth of algae;

[0004] 2. Harmful microbial growth: Under relatively anoxic conditions, anaerobic bacteria reproduce rapidly and perform anaerobic fermentation to decompose the large amount of organic matter accumulated at the bottom of the pool, producing harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and hydrogen sulfide, and releasing heat to make the pool bottom hot. The cycle of anoxic conditions, fermentation, and heat is repeated and mutually reinforcing, ultimately leading to further deterioration of the pool bottom environment, blackening, odor, fever, and accumulation of other harmful substances;

[0005] 3. When there is a big temperature difference between day and night or when there is continuous heavy rain, the upper water cools down quickly and the lower water cools down slowly. The inconsistent density of the upper and lower layers of the water body can easily cause convection. The low dissolved oxygen water at the bottom rises, carrying harmful substances from the bottom, which can easily trigger a stress response in animals in lakes and ponds, and in severe cases cause hypoxia, floating on the surface, or even poisoning.

[0006] Therefore, monitoring of the thermocline is particularly important. The applicant conducted a detailed search of the prior art and found no solution for monitoring the thermocline of a pond.

[0007] In summary, a new technical solution needs to be provided to solve the defects in the existing technology. Utility Model Content

[0008] This application provides a thermocline monitoring method based on spectroscopy technology, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Set up water surface temperature monitoring points, water surface quality monitoring points; thermocline temperature monitoring points, thermocline water quality monitoring points; bottom layer temperature monitoring points, bottom layer water quality monitoring points in the pond;

[0010] Step 2: Real-time acquisition of the temperatures of the pool water surface temperature monitoring point, thermocline temperature monitoring point, and bottom temperature monitoring point. When the temperature difference between the pool water surface temperature monitoring point and the thermocline temperature monitoring point is ≥16°C, and the temperature difference between the thermocline temperature monitoring point and the bottom temperature monitoring point is less than or equal to 5°C, the pool water surface water quality monitoring point, thermocline water quality monitoring point, and bottom water quality monitoring point will begin monitoring;

[0011] Step 3: Obtain the water quality spectra at the surface water quality monitoring points, thermocline water quality monitoring points, and bottom water quality monitoring points of the pool water, and obtain the water body monitoring model through calculation;

[0012] Step 4: Obtaining a water quality monitoring result based on the water body monitoring model; the water quality monitoring result includes at least one of a pH value and dissolved oxygen;

[0013] Step 5: If no thermocline exists in the water quality monitoring results, then execute step 1; if it exists, then execute step 6; wherein, when the difference between the pH value of the surface water quality monitoring point and the pH value of the bottom water quality monitoring point of the pool water is ≥ 0.5 or the difference between the dissolved oxygen value of the surface water quality monitoring point and the dissolved oxygen value of the bottom water quality monitoring point of the pool water is ≥ 7, then the thermocline exists; otherwise, the opposite is true;

[0014] Step 6: Move the thermocline water quality monitoring point and the thermocline temperature monitoring point up and down, monitor multiple sets of data, and calculate the thermocline height.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the method further includes step seven: treating the thermocline.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the pool water surface temperature monitoring point and the pool water surface water quality monitoring point are set between the water surface and the water depth of 1 meter; the thermocline temperature monitoring point and the thermocline water quality monitoring point are set between the water depth of 1 meter and 3 meters; the bottom layer temperature monitoring point and the bottom layer water quality monitoring point are set between the water depth of 3 meters and 6 meters.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the water quality spectra at the surface water quality monitoring points, thermocline water quality monitoring points, and bottom water quality monitoring points of the pool water are obtained, and a water body monitoring model is obtained by calculation, specifically including:

[0018] Acquire remote sensing image data of the water areas of the pool surface water quality monitoring point, the thermocline water quality monitoring point, and the bottom water quality monitoring point, and pre-process the remote sensing image data;

[0019] Based on the pre-processed remote sensing image data, the normalized difference water index, normalized difference vegetation index and normalized difference aquatic plant index are calculated pixel by pixel.

[0020] If the water areas at the surface water quality monitoring point, the thermocline water quality monitoring point, and the bottom water quality monitoring point of the pond are determined to be aquatic plant covered areas, a normalized difference vegetation index is constructed, and the aquatic plant types are classified and identified using a support vector machine algorithm. Water quality parameters are inverted according to the season and aquatic plant growth conditions, thereby constructing the water body detection model;

[0021] If it is determined that the water areas of the surface water quality monitoring point, the thermocline water quality monitoring point and the bottom water quality monitoring point are not covered by aquatic plants, the remote sensing model is used as the water body monitoring model.

[0022] As a preferred solution, the water quality monitoring results also include ammonia nitrogen content;

[0023] As a preferred solution, when the difference between the ammonia nitrogen content at the surface water quality monitoring point and the ammonia nitrogen content at the bottom water quality monitoring point is ≥0.2, a thermocline exists; otherwise, the opposite is true.

[0024] As a preferred solution, the calculation method of the thermocline height is:

[0025]

[0026] W h : thermocline height;

[0027] W p : The height measured by the thermocline water quality monitoring point; the height between the two points with the smallest difference between the thermocline water quality monitoring point monitored by moving upward and the thermocline water quality monitoring point monitored by moving downward is the height measured by the thermocline water quality monitoring point;

[0028] W tp : The height measured by the thermocline temperature monitoring point; the height between the two points with the smallest difference between the thermocline temperature monitoring point monitored by moving upward and the thermocline temperature monitoring point monitored by moving downward is the height measured by the thermocline temperature monitoring point.

[0029] A thermocline monitoring device based on spectral technology, comprising

[0030] Temperature acquisition module: used to collect the temperature of the pool water surface temperature monitoring point, thermocline temperature monitoring point, and bottom temperature monitoring point;

[0031] Data acquisition module: used to collect and obtain water quality spectra of pool water surface quality monitoring points, thermocline water quality monitoring points, and bottom water quality monitoring points;

[0032] Analysis module: used to calculate the thermocline height.

[0033] As a preferred solution, it also includes a data storage module for storing data collected by the temperature acquisition module and the data acquisition module; and for storing data calculated by the analysis module.

[0034] The present invention provides a thermocline monitoring method and device based on spectral technology. The method and device first predict whether a thermocline exists through temperature monitoring points, and then determine whether a thermocline exists through spectral analysis of water quality monitoring points. If so, the height of the thermocline is calculated based on the coordination of temperature monitoring points and water quality monitoring points. The method has high accuracy and can timely and accurately process the thermocline according to the height of the thermocline. For example, an aerator is turned on to fully stir the water body, break the thermocline, and allow the oxygen-rich water body on the surface to be fully mixed with the oxygen-deficient water body on the bottom to increase the overall oxygen content of the water body, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of floating heads when the dissolved oxygen value in the pond is low in the early morning.

[0035] The present invention can monitor the water body of the pond in real time, so that the formation of the thermocline can be discovered in time and treated in time. In this application, the height of the thermocline is calculated by coordinating the temperature monitoring points and the water quality monitoring points with high accuracy. According to the position and height of the thermocline, the thermocline can be accurately treated, thereby achieving better treatment effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a logical diagram of this application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following is a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] This embodiment provides a thermocline monitoring method based on spectroscopy technology, including the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Set up surface water temperature monitoring points and surface water quality monitoring points between the water surface and a depth of 1 meter; set up thermocline temperature monitoring points and thermocline water quality monitoring points between a depth of 1 meter and 3 meters; set up bottom layer temperature monitoring points and bottom layer water quality monitoring points between a depth of 3 meters and 6 meters; the temperature monitoring points are used to monitor the temperature at each location, and the water quality monitoring points are used to monitor the water quality at each location;

[0041] Step 2: Real-time acquisition of the temperatures of the pool water surface temperature monitoring point, the thermocline temperature monitoring point, and the bottom temperature monitoring point. When the temperature difference between the pool water surface temperature monitoring point and the thermocline temperature monitoring point is ≥16°C, and the temperature difference between the thermocline temperature monitoring point and the bottom temperature monitoring point is less than or equal to 5°C, the pool water surface water quality monitoring point, the thermocline water quality monitoring point, and the bottom water quality monitoring point begin monitoring. When the temperature difference between the pool water surface temperature monitoring point and the thermocline temperature monitoring point is ≥16°C, and the temperature difference between the thermocline temperature monitoring point and the bottom temperature monitoring point is less than or equal to 5°C, the system predicts the presence of a thermocline, and begins monitoring the water quality through the pool water surface water quality monitoring point, the thermocline water quality monitoring point, and the bottom water quality monitoring point to further determine whether a thermocline exists.

[0042] Step 3: Obtain the water quality spectra at the surface water quality monitoring points, thermocline water quality monitoring points, and bottom water quality monitoring points of the pool water, and obtain the water body monitoring model through calculation;

[0043] The specific method of the water body monitoring model is:

[0044] Acquire remote sensing image data of the water areas of the pool surface water quality monitoring point, the thermocline water quality monitoring point, and the bottom water quality monitoring point, and pre-process the remote sensing image data;

[0045] Based on the pre-processed remote sensing image data, the normalized difference water index, normalized difference vegetation index and normalized difference aquatic plant index are calculated pixel by pixel.

[0046] If the water areas at the surface water quality monitoring point, the thermocline water quality monitoring point, and the bottom water quality monitoring point of the pond are determined to be aquatic plant covered areas, a normalized difference vegetation index is constructed, and the aquatic plant types are classified and identified using a support vector machine algorithm. Water quality parameters are inverted according to the season and aquatic plant growth conditions, thereby constructing the water body detection model;

[0047] If it is determined that the water areas of the surface water quality monitoring point, the thermocline water quality monitoring point and the bottom water quality monitoring point are not covered by aquatic plants, the remote sensing model is used as the water body monitoring model.

[0048] Step 4: Obtaining a water quality monitoring result based on the water body monitoring model; the water quality monitoring result includes at least one of a pH value and dissolved oxygen;

[0049] Preferably, the water quality monitoring results also include ammonia nitrogen content;

[0050] Step 5: If there is no thermocline in the water quality monitoring results, go to step 1; if there is, go to step 6;

[0051] When the difference between the pH value of the surface water quality monitoring point and the pH value of the bottom water quality monitoring point is ≥0.5 or the difference between the dissolved oxygen of the surface water quality monitoring point and the dissolved oxygen of the bottom water quality monitoring point is ≥7, a thermocline exists and step 6 is executed; otherwise, step 1 is executed;

[0052] Preferably, when the difference between the ammonia nitrogen content at the surface water quality monitoring point and the ammonia nitrogen content at the bottom water quality monitoring point is ≥0.2, a thermocline exists and step six is ​​executed; otherwise, step one is executed;

[0053] Step 6: Move the thermocline water quality monitoring point and the thermocline temperature monitoring point up and down, monitor multiple sets of data, and calculate the thermocline height;

[0054] The specific calculation method of the thermocline height is:

[0055]

[0056] W h : thermocline height;

[0057] W p : The height measured by the thermocline water quality monitoring point; the height between the two points with the smallest difference between the thermocline water quality monitoring point monitored by moving upward and the thermocline water quality monitoring point monitored by moving downward is the height measured by the thermocline water quality monitoring point;

[0058] W tp : The height measured by the thermocline temperature monitoring point; the height between the two points with the smallest difference between the thermocline temperature monitoring point monitored by moving upward and the thermocline temperature monitoring point monitored by moving downward is the height measured by the thermocline temperature monitoring point.

[0059] As a preferred solution, the thermocline is treated, such as turning on the aerator to fully stir the water, break the thermocline, and allow the surface oxygen-rich water to fully mix with the bottom oxygen-deficient water to increase the overall oxygen content of the water, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of floating heads when the dissolved oxygen in the pond is low in the early morning; the present application calculates the thermocline more accurately through the combination of thermocline water quality monitoring points and thermocline temperature monitoring points, and therefore can carry out more targeted treatment of the thermocline, and directly stir the water at the location of the thermocline through the aerator, which can achieve faster destruction of the thermocline and save energy consumption of the aerator.

[0060] Example 2:

[0061] This embodiment provides a thermocline monitoring device based on spectral technology, comprising

[0062] Temperature acquisition module: used to collect the temperature of the pool water surface temperature monitoring point, thermocline temperature monitoring point, and bottom temperature monitoring point;

[0063] Data acquisition module: used to collect and obtain water quality spectra of pool water surface quality monitoring points, thermocline water quality monitoring points, and bottom water quality monitoring points;

[0064] Analysis module: used to compare and analyze the temperature collected by the temperature acquisition module, to analyze the water quality spectrum collected by the data acquisition module, and to analyze and calculate the thermocline height.

[0065] As a preferred solution, it also includes a data storage module for storing data collected by the temperature acquisition module and the data acquisition module; and for storing data calculated by the analysis module.

[0066] A thermocline monitoring device based on spectral technology in this embodiment is used to execute a thermocline monitoring method based on spectral technology in the first embodiment.

[0067] Example 3:

[0068] This embodiment provides a thermocline monitoring system based on spectral technology, including a processor and a memory;

[0069] The memory is used to store one or more program instructions;

[0070] The processor is used to run one or more program instructions to execute any of the above-mentioned thermocline monitoring methods based on spectral technology.

[0071] The processor may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities; the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or at least one of a discrete hardware component.

[0072] The methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention can be implemented or executed; the general processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc., and the steps of the method disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware decoding processor, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor; the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, register, etc.; the processor reads the information in the storage medium and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

[0073] Example 4:

[0074] This embodiment provides a computer storage medium, which contains one or more program instructions, and the one or more program instructions are used to execute the above-mentioned thermocline monitoring method based on spectroscopy technology by a thermocline monitoring system based on spectroscopy technology.

[0075] The storage medium may be a memory and may be, for example, a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.

[0076] The non-volatile memory may be at least one of a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, or a flash memory.

[0077] The volatile memory may be random access memory, which acts as an external cache memory; by way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory, dynamic random access memory, synchronous dynamic random access memory, double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory, enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory, synchronously linked dynamic random access memory, and direct memory bus random access memory.

[0078] In summary, due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the thermocline monitoring method, device, and system based on spectral technology of the present invention first predict whether a thermocline exists through temperature monitoring points, and then determine whether a thermocline exists through spectral analysis of water quality monitoring points. If it exists, the height of the thermocline is calculated based on the coordination of temperature monitoring points and water quality monitoring points with high accuracy. According to the height of the thermocline, the thermocline can be processed in a timely and accurate manner, such as turning on the aerator to fully stir the water body, breaking the thermocline, and allowing the surface oxygen-rich water body and the bottom oxygen-deficient water body to be fully mixed to increase the overall oxygen content of the water body, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of floating heads when the dissolved oxygen value in the pond is low in the early morning.

[0079] The present invention can monitor the water body of the pond in real time, so that the formation of the thermocline can be discovered in time and treated in time. In this application, the height of the thermocline is calculated by coordinating the temperature monitoring points and the water quality monitoring points with high accuracy. According to the position and height of the thermocline, the thermocline can be accurately treated, thereby achieving better treatment effect.

[0080] The preferred embodiment of the present application is described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the specific details in the above-mentioned embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0081] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner unless there is any contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of this application will not be described separately.

[0082] In addition, the various implementation methods of the present application can be arbitrarily combined, as long as they do not violate the concept of the present application, and they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A thermocline monitoring method based on spectral technology, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Set up water surface temperature monitoring points, water surface quality monitoring points; thermocline temperature monitoring points, thermocline water quality monitoring points; bottom layer temperature monitoring points, bottom layer water quality monitoring points in the pond; Step 2: Real-time acquisition of the temperatures of the pool water surface temperature monitoring point, thermocline temperature monitoring point, and bottom temperature monitoring point. When the temperature difference between the pool water surface temperature monitoring point and the thermocline temperature monitoring point is ≥16°C, and the temperature difference between the thermocline temperature monitoring point and the bottom temperature monitoring point is less than or equal to 5°C, the pool water surface water quality monitoring point, thermocline water quality monitoring point, and bottom water quality monitoring point will begin monitoring; Step 3: Obtain the water quality spectra at the surface water quality monitoring points, thermocline water quality monitoring points, and bottom water quality monitoring points of the pool water, and obtain the water body monitoring model through calculation; Step 4: Obtaining a water quality monitoring result based on the water body monitoring model, where the water quality monitoring result includes at least one of a pH value and dissolved oxygen; Step 5: If no thermocline exists in the water quality monitoring results, then execute step 1; if it exists, then execute step 6; wherein, when the difference between the pH value of the surface water quality monitoring point and the pH value of the bottom water quality monitoring point of the pool water is ≥ 0.5 or the difference between the dissolved oxygen value of the surface water quality monitoring point and the dissolved oxygen value of the bottom water quality monitoring point of the pool water is ≥ 7, then the thermocline exists; otherwise, the opposite is true; Step 6: Move the thermocline water quality monitoring point and the thermocline temperature monitoring point up and down, monitor multiple sets of data, and calculate the thermocline height.

2. The thermocline monitoring method based on spectral technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes step seven of treating the thermocline.

3. The thermocline monitoring method based on spectral technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pool water surface temperature monitoring point and the pool water surface water quality monitoring point are set between the water surface and the water depth of 1 meter; the thermocline temperature monitoring point and the thermocline water quality monitoring point are set between the water depth of 1 meter and 3 meters; the bottom layer temperature monitoring point and the bottom layer water quality monitoring point are set between the water depth of 3 meters and 6 meters.

4. The thermocline monitoring method based on spectral technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step three is specifically as follows: Acquire remote sensing image data of the water areas of the pool surface water quality monitoring point, the thermocline water quality monitoring point, and the bottom water quality monitoring point, and pre-process the remote sensing image data; Based on the pre-processed remote sensing image data, the normalized difference water index, normalized difference vegetation index and normalized difference aquatic plant index are calculated pixel by pixel. If the water areas at the surface water quality monitoring point, the thermocline water quality monitoring point, and the bottom water quality monitoring point of the pond are determined to be aquatic plant covered areas, a normalized difference vegetation index is constructed, and the aquatic plant types are classified and identified using a support vector machine algorithm. Water quality parameters are inverted according to the season and aquatic plant growth conditions, thereby constructing the water body detection model; If the water areas of the surface water quality monitoring points, thermocline water quality monitoring points and bottom water quality monitoring points are determined to be non-aquatic plant covered areas, the remote sensing model will be used as the water body monitoring model.

5. The thermocline monitoring method based on spectral technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water quality monitoring results also include ammonia nitrogen content.

6. The thermocline monitoring method based on spectral technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the difference between the ammonia nitrogen content at the surface water quality monitoring point of the pool and the ammonia nitrogen content at the bottom water quality monitoring point is ≥0.2, a thermocline exists; otherwise, the opposite is true.

7. The thermocline monitoring method based on spectral technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation method of the thermocline height is: W h : thermocline height; W p : The height measured by the thermocline water quality monitoring point; the height between the two points with the smallest difference between the thermocline water quality monitoring point monitored by moving upward and the thermocline water quality monitoring point monitored by moving downward is the height measured by the thermocline water quality monitoring point; W tp : The height measured by the thermocline temperature monitoring point; the height between the two points with the smallest difference between the thermocline temperature monitoring point monitored by moving upward and the thermocline temperature monitoring point monitored by moving downward is the height measured by the thermocline temperature monitoring point.

8. A monitoring device using the thermocline monitoring method based on spectral technology according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Temperature acquisition module: used to collect the temperature of the pool water surface temperature monitoring point, thermocline temperature monitoring point, and bottom temperature monitoring point; Data acquisition module: used to collect and obtain water quality spectra of pool water surface quality monitoring points, thermocline water quality monitoring points, and bottom water quality monitoring points; Analysis module: used to calculate the thermocline height.

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