A method for determining the extent of surface displacement in caving mining.

Abstract

The application discloses a method for determining the surface dislocation range of caving mining. The method comprises the following steps: the application can determine the surface dislocation range according to the following formula: wherein, L is the horizontal distance between the surface crack and the boundary position of the mined-out area, h1 is the height of the solid rock layer above the boundary position of the mined-out area, h2 is the thickness of the Quaternary loose rock layer on the surface, θ is the dislocation angle of the Quaternary loose rock layer on the surface, α and β are the movement parameters of the caving and scattering of the overlying solid rock layer of the mined-out area, and ΔL is the rock mass collapse boundary compensation. The method can reasonably determine the surface dislocation range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of underground mining technology for metal deposits, and in particular to a method for determining the extent of surface displacement in caving mining. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the mining economy, deep-buried metal deposits in my country's plains areas are gradually being mined. These deposits generally have thick layers of Quaternary sediments on the surface, and the underlying surrounding rocks have well-developed joints and fissures, resulting in poor stability. When using caving methods for mining, the overlying rock mass in the goaf is prone to collapse. The extent of surface displacement in some mined deposits differs significantly from the extent defined by the angle of rock strata displacement. In addition, with the strengthening of environmental protection requirements, more and more mines are using solid waste to fill subsidence pits for surface protection.

[0003] In order to reasonably determine the scope of surface protection, there is an urgent need for a method to determine the extent of surface displacement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method for determining the extent of surface displacement in caving mining, which can reasonably determine the extent of surface displacement.

[0005] This application provides a method for determining the extent of surface displacement in caving mining, including:

[0006] Geological data is determined based on geological data, including the height of solid rock strata above the boundary of the goaf, the thickness of Quaternary loose rock strata on the surface, the displacement angle of Quaternary loose rock strata on the surface, the movement parameters of the solid rock strata overlying the goaf collapsing into loose material, the compressive strength of the overlying rock mass of the goaf, the effective thickness of the roof of the goaf to withstand horizontal pressure, the thickness of the weakened rock strata at the part of the goaf that has penetrated to the surface, the average unit weight of the overlying rock mass, the height of the bottom plate of the goaf from the surface, and the width of the segmented goaf at the most outward protruding position in the boundary of the goaf.

[0007] The rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount is determined based on the width of the segmented goaf at the most outward protruding position in the goaf boundary, the compressive strength of the overlying rock mass of the goaf, the effective thickness of the goaf roof to withstand horizontal pressure, the thickness of the weakened rock layer at the part of the goaf that has penetrated to the surface, the average unit weight of the overlying rock mass, and the height of the goaf floor from the surface.

[0008] The surface displacement range is determined based on a preset formula for calculating the surface displacement range, wherein the formula for calculating the surface displacement range is:

[0009]

[0010] Where L is the horizontal distance between the surface crack and the boundary of the goaf, h1 is the height of the solid rock layer above the boundary of the goaf, h2 is the thickness of the Quaternary loose rock layer on the surface, θ is the displacement angle of the Quaternary loose rock layer on the surface, α and β are the movement parameters of the solid rock layer overlying the goaf collapsing into loose material, and ΔL is the compensation amount for the rock mass collapse boundary.

[0011] In some embodiments, determining the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount based on the width of the segmented goaf at the most outwardly protruding position in the goaf boundary, the compressive strength of the overlying rock mass, the effective thickness of the goaf roof bearing horizontal pressure, the thickness of the weakened rock layer at the point where the goaf has penetrated to the surface, the average unit weight of the overlying rock mass, and the height of the goaf floor from the surface includes:

[0012] First, the critical large collapse span of the rock mass at the most protruding boundary position is determined according to the preset critical large collapse span calculation formula, wherein the critical large collapse span calculation formula is:

[0013]

[0014] Where, σ c d is the compressive strength of the overlying rock mass of the goaf, h2 is the effective thickness of the roof of the goaf to withstand horizontal pressure, γ is the thickness of the Quaternary loose rock layer on the surface, and H is the average unit weight of the overlying rock mass.

[0015] Then, the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount is determined based on the critical large collapse span of the rock mass at the most protruding position of the boundary and the segmented goaf width at the most protruding position outward in the goaf boundary.

[0016] In some embodiments, determining the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount based on the critical large collapse span of the rock mass at the most protruding position of the boundary and the segmented goaf width at the most outward protruding position in the goaf boundary includes:

[0017] The relative value of the target width is determined based on the critical large collapse span of the rock mass at the most protruding position of the boundary and the segmented goaf width at the most protruding position outward in the goaf boundary.

[0018] The rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount corresponding to the target width relative value is determined based on the preset correspondence between the relative width value and the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount.

[0019] In some embodiments, determining the relative value of the target width based on the critical large collapse span of the rock mass at the most protruding position of the boundary and the segmented goaf width at the most outward protruding position of the goaf boundary includes:

[0020] The target width relative value is determined according to a preset width relative value calculation formula, wherein the width relative value calculation formula is:

[0021]

[0022] Where λ is the relative value of the target width, L b The width of the segmented goaf at the most outward protruding position within the boundary of the goaf.

[0023] In some embodiments, the value range of the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount is 0 to 5m. When the value of the target width relative value is less than 1, the smaller the value of the target width relative value, the greater the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount. When the value of the target width relative value is greater than or equal to 1, the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount is 0.

[0024] In some embodiments, the geological data includes geological profile maps.

[0025] In some embodiments, after determining the geological data according to geological data, the method further includes:

[0026] According to the preset boundary drawing formula, the boundary of the collapsed area from the boundary of the goaf to the bottom of the Quaternary loose rock strata is drawn with the boundary of the goaf as the origin. This boundary serves as the final collapse boundary of the rock mass. The boundary drawing formula is as follows:

[0027] Wherein, α and β are the movement parameters of the overlying solid rock strata of the goaf collapsing into loose bodies, and Z is the height value above the boundary of the goaf and below the height of the top layer of the solid rock strata.

[0028] In some embodiments, after drawing the collapsible mass movement boundary of the subsidence area from the boundary of the goaf to the bottom of the Quaternary loose rock strata on the surface, based on a preset boundary drawing formula and taking the boundary of the goaf as the origin, as the final collapse boundary of the rock mass, the method further includes:

[0029] Determine the point where the final collapse boundary of the rock mass intersects with the Quaternary loose rock strata on the surface;

[0030] Based on the displacement angle of the Quaternary loose rock strata on the Earth's surface, a displacement line is drawn from the intersection point to the Earth's surface to obtain the surface displacement line.

[0031] In some embodiments, after drawing a fault line from the intersection point to the surface based on the fault angle of the Quaternary loose rock strata on the surface to obtain the surface fault line, the method further includes:

[0032] The extent of surface displacement is depicted based on the compensation amount for the rock mass collapse boundary and the surface displacement line.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The method for determining the surface displacement range in caving mining provided in this application combines multiple geological data and rock mass collapse boundary compensation when calculating the surface displacement range. This method can not only determine the surface displacement range, but also adjust the surface displacement range by using the rock mass collapse boundary compensation, thus more reasonably determining the surface protection range. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 The force analysis diagram of the collapse arch when it is close to the ground surface is provided for the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the method for determining the extent of surface displacement provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 A typical cross-sectional view of the ore body and a schematic diagram of the location of surface cracks in a certain mine provided for the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the expected deep mining surface fissure boundary and the river channel boundary, provided for an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0041] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0042] It should also be further understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0043] Applicants establish, for example Figure 1 Analysis of the caving arch mechanical model revealed that the surrounding rock at the arch crown experiences significant horizontal stress as the caving arch approaches the surface. Simultaneously, on-site observations by the applicant showed that in metal deposits with unstable roof rock containing thick Quaternary sediments, when mined using the caving method, after the appearance of a surface subsidence pit, some surface cracks initially far from the subsidence area closed due to wind and rain. Subsequent cracks, however, did not appear further away from the subsidence pit with increasing underground mining depth; instead, they appeared closer to the subsidence pit than initially. Based on these findings, the applicant investigated the surface rock movement mechanism of deposits with unstable roof rock containing thick sediments, ultimately leading to this application.

[0044] First, according to Figure 1 From the force equilibrium conditions shown, the formula for calculating the average horizontal stress borne by the collapsed arch can be derived:

[0045]

[0046] Analysis of this formula yields σ x It increases with the increase of the roof collapse height h in the goaf; at the moment before the goaf breaks through to the surface, h→H, Hh→0, σ x It tends towards infinity.

[0047] Secondly, when the goaf seeps to the surface, the huge σ x The sudden release caused the surrounding rock to change from a state of compression to a state of tension. Quaternary sediments are almost unable to withstand tensile stress, resulting in a large distribution of tensile cracks.

[0048] Furthermore, after the goaf breaks through the surface and forms a subsidence area, the sidewall of the subsidence area is supported by the fallen loose material. The space for the expansion of its cracks and fissures is obtained by compressing the loose material. Ultimately, the expansion range of the sidewall of the subsidence area is determined by the loose range that the loose material can be compressed.

[0049] This led to the invention of a method for determining the surface rock displacement, in which the final boundary of the collapse zone is determined by the loosening range of unstable rock strata and the displacement boundary is determined by the shear displacement angle of Quaternary sediments on the surface; that is, a method for determining the surface displacement range in caving mining.

[0050] The method for determining the extent of surface displacement in caving mining provided in this application is suitable for hard rock deposits where the thickness of the Quaternary loose rock strata exceeds 50m, the overlying solid rock strata of the goaf have well-developed joints and fissures and good caving capability, the rock movement in the goaf is not severely affected by faults or tectonic stress, the mining depth exceeds 300m, caving mining is applied, and the surface subsidence pits are filled. It is a safe, reliable, and highly accurate method for determining the extent of surface displacement.

[0051] The following provides a detailed description of the method for determining the extent of surface displacement in caving mining as provided in this application:

[0052] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the method for determining the extent of surface displacement provided in this application.

[0053] In this embodiment, geological data is first determined based on geological data, including the height of the solid rock layer above the boundary of the goaf, the thickness of the Quaternary loose rock layer at the surface, the displacement angle of the Quaternary loose rock layer at the surface, the movement parameters of the collapsing solid rock layer over the goaf into loose material, the compressive strength of the overlying rock mass of the goaf, the effective thickness of the roof of the goaf to withstand horizontal pressure, the thickness of the weakened rock layer at the point where the goaf has penetrated to the surface, the average unit weight of the overlying rock mass, the height of the floor of the goaf from the surface, and the most convex outward part of the goaf boundary. The width of the segmented goaf at the exit location is determined; then, based on the width of the segmented goaf at the most outward protruding position in the goaf boundary, the compressive strength of the overlying rock mass, the effective thickness of the goaf roof bearing horizontal pressure, the thickness of the weakened rock layer at the surface penetration point of the goaf, the average unit weight of the overlying rock mass, and the height of the goaf floor from the surface, the rock mass collapse boundary compensation is determined; finally, the surface displacement range is determined based on a preset surface displacement range calculation formula, wherein the surface displacement range calculation formula is:

[0054]

[0055] Wherein, L is the horizontal distance (m) between the surface crack and the boundary of the goaf, h1 is the height (m) of the solid rock layer above the boundary of the goaf, h2 is the thickness (m) of the Quaternary loose rock layer on the surface, θ is the displacement angle (°) of the Quaternary loose rock layer on the surface, α and β are the movement parameters of the solid rock layer overlying the goaf collapsing into loose material, and ΔL is the compensation amount for the rock mass collapse boundary.

[0056] In some embodiments, determining the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount based on the width of the segmented goaf at the most outwardly protruding position in the goaf boundary, the compressive strength of the overlying rock mass, the effective thickness of the goaf roof bearing horizontal pressure, the thickness of the weakened rock layer at the point where the goaf has penetrated to the surface, the average unit weight of the overlying rock mass, and the height of the goaf floor from the surface includes:

[0057] First, the critical large collapse span of the rock mass at the most protruding boundary position is determined according to the preset critical large collapse span calculation formula, wherein the critical large collapse span calculation formula is:

[0058]

[0059] Where, σ c γ is the compressive strength of the overlying rock mass of the goaf (t / m2), d is the effective thickness of the roof of the goaf under horizontal pressure (m), h2 is the thickness of the Quaternary loose rock layer on the surface (m), γ is the average unit weight of the overlying rock mass (t / m3), and H is the height of the bottom plate of the goaf from the surface (m).

[0060] Then, the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount is determined based on the critical large collapse span of the rock mass at the most protruding position of the boundary and the segmented goaf width at the most protruding position outward in the goaf boundary.

[0061] In some embodiments, determining the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount based on the critical large collapse span of the rock mass at the most protruding position of the boundary and the segmented goaf width at the most outward protruding position in the goaf boundary includes:

[0062] The relative value of the target width is determined based on the critical large collapse span of the rock mass at the most protruding position of the boundary and the segmented goaf width at the most protruding position outward in the goaf boundary.

[0063] The rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount corresponding to the target width relative value is determined based on the preset correspondence between the relative width value and the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount.

[0064] In some embodiments, determining the relative value of the target width based on the critical large collapse span of the rock mass at the most protruding position of the boundary and the segmented goaf width at the most outward protruding position of the goaf boundary includes:

[0065] The target width relative value is determined according to a preset width relative value calculation formula, wherein the width relative value calculation formula is:

[0066]

[0067] Where λ is the relative value of the target width, Lb The width (m) of the segmented goaf at the most outward protruding position within the boundary of the goaf.

[0068] In some embodiments, when the relative value of the target width is greater than or equal to 1, the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount is 0; when the relative value of the target width is less than 1, the smaller the relative value of the target width, the greater the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount.

[0069] The value range of the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount is 0 to 5m. When λ≥1, it indicates that the sidewall of the goaf can be supported by the caving debris after the mining of this section, and the possibility of the sidewall collapse is small, so ΔL is taken as 0; otherwise, the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount needs to be considered.

[0070] In some embodiments, the geological data includes geological profile maps.

[0071] It should be noted that, in order to visually demonstrate the extent of surface displacement in this application, this embodiment also requires drawing the extent of surface displacement on the geological profile map. The specific method is as follows:

[0072] According to the preset boundary drawing formula, the boundary of the collapsed area from the boundary of the goaf to the bottom of the Quaternary loose rock strata is drawn with the boundary of the goaf as the origin. This boundary serves as the final collapse boundary of the rock mass. The boundary drawing formula is as follows:

[0073] Wherein, α and β are the movement parameters of the overlying solid rock strata of the goaf collapsing into loose bodies, and Z is the height value above the boundary of the goaf and below the height of the top layer of the solid rock strata.

[0074] After determining the final collapse boundary of the rock mass, it is also necessary to determine the intersection point between the final collapse boundary of the rock mass and the Quaternary loose rock strata on the surface. Based on the displacement angle of the Quaternary loose rock strata on the surface, a displacement line is drawn from the intersection point to the surface to obtain the surface displacement line. After obtaining the surface displacement line, the range of surface displacement is drawn based on the compensation amount of the rock mass collapse boundary and the surface displacement line.

[0075] The applicant verified the accuracy of the method for determining the surface displacement range in caving mining provided in this embodiment using a real-world case, as follows:

[0076] This iron ore deposit is a contact metasomatic skarn type deposit with an ore body burial depth exceeding 330m. The surrounding rocks of the roof are mainly Ordovician limestone and Quaternary rocks. The Ordovician limestone has well-developed joints and fissures. The rock mass has a point load strength of 2.85MPa–3.91MPa, a rock mass integrity coefficient of 0.24–0.34, and a compressive strength of 14.71–18.49MPa, with an average of 16.6MPa. It is classified as a low-strength, unstable to moderately stable rock mass with a unit weight of γ = 2.7t / m³. The Quaternary surface layer mainly consists of sand and river pebbles, loosely textured, 50–120m thick, with a fault angle of 35.1°. The bulk flow parameters are: α = 1.4952, β = 0.2338. The estimated thickness of the weakened surface rock layer at the surface of the goaf is 52.3m. Let σ c =16.6MPa =1693.25t / m2, γ =2.7t / m3, h2 =52.3m, take d =1.07, substitute into equation (5) and equation (3) to calculate:

[0077] R = 1.0257 Z 0.7476 (6)

[0078]

[0079] The boundary of the goaf collapse is determined by the upper and lower boundaries of the ore body. Starting from this boundary, the boundary of the movement of the loose material in the collapse area is calculated according to formula (6). The boundary of the movement of the loose material in the collapse area to the bottom of the Quaternary loose rock layer is drawn according to the calculated value as the final collapse boundary of the rock body. Then, the displacement line is drawn to the surface according to the displacement angle of the Quaternary loose rock layer. The compensation amount ΔL of the collapse of the surrounding rock of the goaf sidewall is considered. Thus, the range of surface displacement caused by the collapse and subsidence of the overlying rock layer in the goaf is determined.

[0080] The typical cross-section of the mine shows the location of surface fissures and the location of the lines drawn from the Quaternary loose rock strata to the surface. Figure 3 It can be seen that ΔL = 3.2m on the footwall side and ΔL ≈ 0 on the hanging wall side. This is because, on the footwall side of the ore body, the bottom of the first segment of the goaf is buried at a depth of 351.6m, and the width L of the segmented goaf is... b =9.6m, L is calculated from equation (7) j =140.64m, λ=L b / L j =9.6 / 140.64=0.07<1; On the hanging wall side of the ore body, the bottom plate of the widest segmented goaf is buried at a depth of 428.3m, and the total width of the segmented goaf is 161.6m. L is calculated by formula (7). j =150.90m, then λ=L b / L j =161.6 / 150.9 = 1.07 > 1. Therefore, the ΔL value on the lower plate side is greater than that on the upper plate side.

[0081] Since the value of ΔL decreases as the value of λ increases, Figure 3 λ = 0.07 is the minimum value for the approach mining, at which point ΔL = 3.2m. Therefore, it can be inferred that ΔL ≤ 3.2m in deep mining of this mine.

[0082] The mine subsidence area is adjacent to a river, and it is necessary to predict the extent of surface cracks caused by deep mining to assess its impact on the river. Taking ΔL = 3.2m, the boundary location of the surface cracks caused by deep mining can be predicted using the method described above. Figure 4 As shown. The expected boundary of the crack is 140m from the river boundary, which is 50m beyond the design safety distance. Therefore, under the condition that the subsidence pit is filled with solid waste, the river is not expected to be affected by surface rock movement from the mining of deep ore bodies.

[0083] Therefore, the method for determining the extent of surface displacement provided in this application can also be used to determine whether surrounding objects are affected by rock movement.

[0084] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining the surface displacement range of a caving method mine, characterised by, The method comprises the following steps: determining geological data according to geological information, wherein the geological data comprises the height of solid rock above the position of the goaf boundary, the thickness of the surface Quaternary loose rock layer, the dislocation angle of the surface Quaternary loose rock layer, the movement parameter of the goaf overburden solid rock falling into a loose body, the compressive strength of the goaf overburden rock mass, the effective thickness of the goaf roof bearing horizontal pressure, the thickness of the weakened rock layer at the position where the goaf penetrates the surface, the average unit weight of the overburden rock mass, the height of the goaf floor from the surface, and the sectional goaf width of the most outward protruding position in the goaf boundary; determining a rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount according to the sectional goaf width of the most outward protruding position in the goaf boundary, the compressive strength of the goaf overburden rock mass, the effective thickness of the goaf roof bearing horizontal pressure, the thickness of the weakened rock layer at the position where the goaf penetrates the surface, the average unit weight of the overburden rock mass, and the height of the goaf floor from the surface, specifically comprising: first determining a rock mass critical large caving span of the most protruding position according to a preset critical large caving span calculation formula, wherein the critical large caving span calculation formula is: ； wherein, is the compressive strength of the overburden of the goaf, is the effective thickness of the roof of the goaf to withstand horizontal pressure, is the thickness of the Quaternary loose rock layer on the ground surface, is the average unit weight of the overburden, is the height of the floor of the goaf from the ground surface; then determining a target relative width according to the critical caving span of the rock mass at the most protruding position of the boundary and the width of the segmented goaf at the most protruding position outward of the boundary of the goaf; determining the compensation amount of the caving boundary of the rock mass corresponding to the target relative width according to the corresponding relationship between the preset relative width and the compensation amount of the caving boundary of the rock mass. determining a surface dislocation range based on a preset surface dislocation range calculation formula, wherein the surface dislocation range calculation formula is: ； wherein, is the horizontal distance of the surface fissure and the goaf boundary position, is the height of the solid rock above the goaf boundary position, is the thickness of the surface Quaternary loose rock, and θ is the heave angle of the surface Quaternary loose rock, α and β is the movement parameter of the overlying solid rock of the goaf falling into a loose body, is the compensation amount of the rock mass collapse boundary.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, determining a target width relative value according to the rock mass critical large caving span of the most protruding position and the sectional goaf width of the most outward protruding position in the goaf boundary, comprising: determining the target width relative value according to a preset width relative value calculation formula, wherein the width relative value calculation formula is: ； wherein is the target width relative value, is the segment goaf width of the most outward protruding position in the goaf boundary.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount is 0~5m, when the value of the target width relative value is less than 1, the smaller the value of the target width relative value is, the larger the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount is, and when the value of the target width relative value is greater than or equal to 1, the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount is 0.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, the geological information comprises a geological profile.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, after determining the geological data according to the geological information, the method further comprises: drawing a collapse zone loose body movement boundary from the goaf boundary position to the bottom of the surface Quaternary loose rock layer as the final collapse boundary of the rock mass according to a preset boundary drawing formula with the goaf boundary position as the origin, wherein the boundary drawing formula is: ； wherein α and β are the movement parameters of the goaf overburden solid rock falling into a loose body, and Z is the height value above the goaf boundary position and below the height of the top layer of the solid rock layer.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, after drawing the collapse zone loose body movement boundary from the goaf boundary position to the bottom of the surface Quaternary loose rock layer as the final collapse boundary of the rock mass according to the preset boundary drawing formula with the goaf boundary position as the origin, the method further comprises: determining the intersection point of the final collapse boundary of the rock mass and the surface Quaternary loose rock layer; drawing a dislocation line from the intersection point to the surface according to the dislocation angle of the surface Quaternary loose rock layer to obtain a surface dislocation line.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, after drawing the surface dislocation line according to the dislocation angle of the surface Quaternary loose rock layer from the intersection point to the surface, the method further comprises: The surface dislocation range is delineated according to the rock mass collapse boundary compensation amount and the surface dislocation line.

Images