Power generation device and method based on time-varying magnetic induction principle

Abstract

This invention proposes a power generation device and method based on the principle of time-varying magnetic induction, relating to the field of energy conversion, and more particularly to electromagnetic induction power generation devices. The device comprises an electric energy generation unit, a power conversion unit, and an electric energy storage unit. The electric energy generation unit includes a time-varying magnetic induction element capable of forming a closed conductor loop within a magnetic circuit and a magnetic circuit with a constant magnetic flux. By varying the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element, the element generates an induced current. The power conversion unit includes switching devices and the circuitry required for power transmission. The power conversion unit's switching devices are opened and closed to store the electric energy generated by the time-varying magnetic induction element in the electric energy storage unit. The time-varying magnetic induction power generation device proposed by this invention provides a new approach to generating electric energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy conversion, and in particular relates to an electromagnetic induction power generation device. Background Art

[0002] The classic Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction states that a changing magnetic field generates an induced current in a closed conductor coil, which is currently the main way to generate electrical energy.

[0003] According to Professor Ma Wenwei's book "Physics," induced electromotive force is generated by varying magnetic induction intensity, and motional electromotive force is generated by varying the area enclosed by the loop or the orientation of that area. The definition of magnetic flux shows that both of these electromotive forces are generated by variations in magnetic flux. Specifically, when the magnetic flux passing through the area enclosed by a closed conductor loop changes, an induced current is generated in the loop.

[0004] However, the problem of how to store electrical energy in a closed conductor loop to form an induced current without changing the magnetic flux has never been solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in response to the defects of the background technology, a power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle is proposed. When the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit remains constant, according to the newly proposed magnetic induction principle, the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element are changed, so that the time-varying magnetic induction element generates an induced current, thereby forming a time-varying magnetic induction power generation device.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0007] The present invention first proposes a power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle, comprising an electric energy generation unit, a power conversion unit and an electric energy storage unit; wherein,

[0008] The electric energy generating unit includes a time-varying magnetic induction element capable of forming a closed conductor loop in a magnetic circuit and a magnetic circuit with a constant magnetic flux. By changing the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element, the time-varying magnetic induction element generates an induced current.

[0009] The power conversion unit includes a switching device and a circuit required for transmitting electric energy; the electric energy generated by the time-varying magnetic induction element is stored in the electric energy storage unit through the opening and closing of the switching device of the power conversion unit.

[0010] Furthermore, in the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed in the present invention, the time-varying magnetic induction element is composed of a multi-turn closed coil.

[0011] Furthermore, the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed in the present invention changes the physical environment of the time-varying magnetic induction element, causing the charge chain in the time-varying magnetic induction element to change, thereby causing the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element to change with time and generate magnetomotive force, that is, induced current.

[0012] Furthermore, in the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed in the present invention, the time-varying magnetic induction element forms a charge chain Γ with the magnetic circuit turns under the magnetic flux Φ, Γ=NQ, the direction of the charge chain Γ and the direction of the magnetic flux Φ satisfy the right-hand screw rule, N is the number of turns of the closed coil, and Q is the moving charge in the single-turn closed coil.

[0013] Furthermore, the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed in the present invention has a magnetic induction parameter of the time-varying magnetic induction element. It depends on the ratio of the charge chain Γ and the magnetic flux Φ of the magnetic circuit turn chain, that is, When the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit remains constant, when the number Q of moving charges in the time-varying magnetic induction element is changed, the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element change accordingly to generate magnetomotive force, that is, generate induced current.

[0014] Furthermore, the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed in the present invention has a magnetomotive force of the time-varying magnetic induction element. When the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit remains constant and the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element change with time, that is, Φ≠0, dΦ / dt=0, The time-varying magnetic induction element generates magnetomotive force, that is, induced current, due to the changing magnetic induction parameters.

[0015] Furthermore, in the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed in the present invention, the power conversion unit is composed of a switching device and the circuit required for transmitting electric energy, including a first switch K1 connected in parallel with the two ends of the closed coil in the time-varying magnetic induction element, and a second switch K2 connected in series with the two ends of the closed coil, wherein the first switch K1 is normally closed and the second switch K2 is normally open. When the electric energy generated by the time-varying magnetic induction element needs to be transferred to the electric energy storage unit for storage, the power conversion unit is started, so that the second switch K2 is closed and the first switch K1 is opened until the electric energy transfer is completed.

[0016] Furthermore, in the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed in the present invention, the energy storage unit is a supercapacitor or other device suitable for rapid charging and energy storage.

[0017] The present invention also proposes a power generation method based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle, which is as follows:

[0018] S1. Select a magnetic circuit with constant magnetic flux or a space with constant magnetic field;

[0019] S2. Adding the aforementioned power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle of the present invention into a constant magnetic circuit or magnetic field space, so that the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit and the turn chain of the time-varying magnetic induction element in the power generation device form a charge chain;

[0020] S3, changing the charge chain in the time-varying magnetic induction element so that its magnetic induction parameters change with time and generate magnetomotive force, that is, generate induced current;

[0021] S4. By controlling the power conversion unit in the time-varying magnetic induction power generation device, the generated induced current is output to the electric energy storage unit to provide electric energy for the electromagnetic equipment.

[0022] Furthermore, in the power generation method based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed in the present invention, in step S3, when the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit remains constant:

[0023] By changing the physical environment of the time-varying magnetic induction element, the charge chain in the time-varying magnetic induction element changes, and the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element change with time, thereby generating magnetomotive force, that is, generating induced current;

[0024] By changing the number of moving charges in the time-varying magnetic induction element, the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element are changed accordingly to generate magnetomotive force, that is, generate induced current.

[0025] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, and its beneficial effects compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0026] 1. Using a power generation device based on the principle of time-varying magnetic induction, a method for generating magnetomotive force (induced current) under constant magnetic flux was invented, providing a new way to generate electrical energy.

[0027] 2. Based on the magnetomotive force equation of the time-varying magnetic induction element, a more comprehensive law of electromagnetic induction was formed. The invented law of electromagnetic induction not only includes the original Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, but also includes the law of magnetic induction under constant magnetic flux.

[0028] 3. Based on the proposed time-varying magnetic induction element, the present invention proposes a calculation method for the magnetic induction parameters and magnetomotive force of the time-varying magnetic induction element, providing a theoretical basis for the engineering application of power generation devices based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3It is a verification device for the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 These are the experimental results of the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The present invention proposes a power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle. The core content of the power generation device is that when the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit remains constant, the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element are changed so that the time-varying magnetic induction element generates an induced current, thereby forming a time-varying magnetic induction power generation device.

[0035] The time-varying magnetic induction power generation device includes an electric energy generation unit, a power conversion unit and an electric energy storage unit. Figure 1 As shown. The electric energy generating unit includes a time-varying magnetic induction element capable of forming a closed conductor loop in the magnetic circuit and a magnetic circuit with a constant magnetic flux. The electric energy generating unit can store the electric energy generated by the time-varying magnetic induction element in the electric energy storage unit through the power conversion unit, and the stored electric energy can be used by electromagnetic equipment. The power conversion unit includes switching devices and lines required for transmitting electric energy. Generally, the power conversion unit short-circuits the electric energy generating unit to form a time-varying magnetic induction element. When electric energy needs to be transmitted outward, the switching device connects the electric energy generating unit and the electric energy storage unit, so that the generated electric energy is transmitted to the electric energy storage unit. The electric energy storage unit is a device capable of storing electric energy, such as a supercapacitor.

[0036] The time-varying magnetic induction element is an element that can form a closed conductor loop in a magnetic circuit. As the physical environment (temperature, humidity, brightness, illumination, etc.) changes, the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element change over time.

[0037] Furthermore, the time-varying magnetic induction element forms a charge chain linked to the magnetic circuit turns under magnetic flux Φ. The size of the charge chain Γ depends on the number of turns N of the closed coil forming the time-varying magnetic induction element and the number of moving charges Q in a single-turn closed coil, i.e., Γ = NQ. The direction of the charge chain Γ and the direction of the magnetic flux Φ satisfy the right-hand screw rule.

[0038] Furthermore, the magnetic induction parameter of the time-varying magnetic induction element is It depends on the ratio of the charge chain Γ and the magnetic flux Φ of the magnetic circuit turn chain, that is, The unit of time-varying magnetic induction is C / Wb or C / (V·s). When the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit remains constant, the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element change when the number of moving charges Q in the time-varying magnetic induction element changes.

[0039] Furthermore, the magnetomotive force of the time-varying magnetic induction element can be In the formula, the first term is the magnetomotive force generated by the change of magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit, which satisfies Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. The second term is the magnetomotive force generated by the change of magnetic induction parameters, which does not satisfy Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. This term describes the method of generating magnetomotive force (induced current) under constant magnetic flux and is the core mechanism of the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed in this invention.

[0040] Furthermore, when the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit does not change with time and the magnetic induction parameter of the time-varying magnetic induction element changes with time, that is, Φ≠0, dΦ / dt=0, The expression of the magnetomotive force of the time-varying magnetic induction element is: The time-varying magnetic induction element generates magnetomotive force (induced current) due to the changing magnetic induction parameters.

[0041] Furthermore, in the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed by the present invention, when the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit does not change with time and the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element change with time, that is, Φ≠0, dΦ / dt=0, dL / dt≠0, the expression of the magnetomotive force of the time-varying magnetic induction element is The time-varying magnetic induction element generates magnetomotive force (induced current) due to the changing magnetic induction parameters.

[0042] Furthermore, in the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed in the present invention, the power conversion unit is composed of a switching device and a supporting circuit, switch K1 is normally closed, and K2 is normally open. When the electric energy generated by the time-varying magnetic induction element needs to be transferred to the electric energy storage unit for storage, the power conversion unit is started, switch K1 is opened, and switch K2 is closed until the electric energy transfer is completed.

[0043] Furthermore, in the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed in the present invention, the energy storage unit can be a supercapacitor or any other device suitable for rapid charging and energy storage.

[0044] Based on the magnetomotive force equation of the time-varying magnetic induction element described above, the specific process of the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle proposed in the present invention is as follows:

[0045] S1. Select a magnetic circuit with constant magnetic flux or a space with a constant magnetic field.

[0046] S2. Add a time-varying magnetic induction power generation device to a constant magnetic circuit or magnetic field, so that the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit and the turn chain of the time-varying magnetic induction elements in the time-varying magnetic induction power generation device form a charge chain.

[0047] S3. Change the charge chain (conductivity) in the time-varying magnetic induction element so that its magnetic induction parameters change with time.

[0048] S4. The time-varying magnetic induction power generation device generates an induced current to provide electrical energy for the electromagnetic equipment.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG, it is a flow chart corresponding to the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle. The time-varying magnetic induction power generation device proposed by the present invention will be verified according to the flow chart. Figure 3 As shown, a time-varying magnetic induction element is constructed from a closed superconducting coil, placed in a dewar and linked to a constant magnetic field formed by a permanent magnet. Liquid nitrogen is used to cool the closed superconducting coil, causing it to transition from a normal conducting state to a superconducting state, or vice versa, thereby changing the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element. The magnetomotive force (induced current) generated by the time-varying magnetic induction element is captured using a current amplifier, current probe, and oscilloscope, thereby demonstrating the correctness of the magnetomotive force equation for the time-varying magnetic induction element and the feasibility of the power generation device proposed in this invention based on the principle of time-varying magnetic induction.

[0050] The experimental results of the power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle to generate electrical energy are as follows Figure 4 The power generation process under constant magnetic flux is shown in (a) and (b). Figure 4 As shown in (a) in the figure. The entire process can be divided into three stages according to the dotted lines in the figure. In the first stage, the permanent magnet is moved to the marked position at room temperature and the position of the permanent magnet is fixed. During this process, since the superconductor is in the normal conducting state, the resistance is large and the permanent magnetic field is weak. By observing the oscilloscope waveform, it can be seen that no induced current is generated in the closed superconducting coil during this process. In the second stage, liquid nitrogen is added to the dewar, causing the closed superconducting coil to gradually cool and enter the superconducting state. As the superconducting wire enters the superconducting state, the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element are changed, thereby generating a magnetomotive force (induced current) that is maintained for a certain period of time. The occurrence of this phenomenon proves the validity of the power generation device based on the principle of time-varying magnetic induction. In the third stage, as the temperature rises, the superconducting wire enters the normal conducting state from the superconducting state, the magnetic induction parameters return to a constant value, and a reverse current is generated again, causing the current in the closed superconducting coil to return to zero.

[0051] The power generation process under the change of magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit is as follows Figure 4As shown in (b) of the figure, the entire process is divided into three stages, as indicated by the dashed lines. In the first stage, liquid nitrogen is added to the dewar, cooling the closed superconducting coil into a superconducting state. Observing the oscilloscope waveform, no induced current is generated in the closed superconducting coil during this process, indicating that in the absence of a magnetic field, simply changing the magnetic induction parameters cannot generate a magnetomotive force (induced current). In the second stage, the permanent magnet is moved to the marked position in the superconducting state. Due to the change in magnetic flux, an induced current is generated in the closed superconducting coil, and the experimental results are consistent with Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. In the third stage, as the temperature rises, the superconducting wire transitions from the superconducting state to the normal conducting state, and the magnetic induction parameters return to a constant value, generating a reverse current. Furthermore, the large resistance of the closed coil in the normal conducting state causes the current in the closed superconducting coil to return to zero. These two sets of experimental results fully demonstrate the correctness of the magnetomotive force equation for the time-varying magnetic induction element.

[0052] In summary, the present invention proposes a power generation device based on the principle of time-varying magnetic induction. The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiment. The time-varying magnetic induction element is not limited to a closed superconducting coil. Any material capable of forming a time-varying magnetic induction element, as well as equivalent modifications or variations made by persons skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention, are intended to be included within the scope of protection set forth in the claims.

[0053] The above descriptions are only partial embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power generation device based on the principle of time-varying magnetic induction, characterized in that: It includes an electric energy generating unit, a power conversion unit and an electric energy storage unit; wherein, The electric energy generating unit includes a time-varying magnetic induction element capable of forming a closed conductor loop in a magnetic circuit and a magnetic circuit with a constant magnetic flux. By changing the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element, the time-varying magnetic induction element generates an induced current. The power conversion unit includes a switching device and the circuit required for transmitting electric energy; the electric energy generated by the time-varying magnetic induction element is stored in the electric energy storage unit by opening and closing the switching device of the power conversion unit; By changing the physical environment of the time-varying magnetic induction element, the charge chain in the time-varying magnetic induction element changes, and then the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element change with time, generating a magnetomotive force, that is, an induced current; the time-varying magnetic induction element forms a charge chain Γ with the magnetic circuit turn chain under the magnetic flux Φ, Γ=NQ, the direction of the charge chain Γ and the direction of the magnetic flux Φ satisfy the right-hand screw rule, N is the number of turns of the closed coil, and Q is the moving charge in the single-turn closed coil.

2. The power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The time-varying magnetic induction element is composed of a multi-turn closed coil.

3. The power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic induction parameter L of the time-varying magnetic induction element depends on the ratio of the charge chain Γ of the magnetic circuit turn chain to the magnetic flux Φ, that is, When the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit remains constant, when the number Q of moving charges in the time-varying magnetic induction element is changed, the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element change accordingly to generate magnetomotive force, that is, generate induced current.

4. The power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Magnetomotive force of time-varying magnetic induction element When the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit remains constant and the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element change with time, that is, Φ≠0, dΦ / dt=0, The time-varying magnetic induction element generates magnetomotive force, that is, induced current, due to the changing magnetic induction parameters.

5. The power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power conversion unit is composed of switching devices and circuits required for transmitting electric energy, including a first switch K1 connected in parallel with the two ends of the closed coil in the time-varying magnetic induction element, and a second switch K2 connected in series with the two ends of the closed coil. The first switch K1 is normally closed and the second switch K2 is normally open. When the electric energy generated by the time-varying magnetic induction element needs to be transferred to the electric energy storage unit for storage, the power conversion unit is started, so that the second switch K2 is closed and the first switch K1 is opened until the electric energy transfer is completed.

6. The power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical energy storage unit is a supercapacitor or other device suitable for rapid charging and energy storage.

7. A method for generating electricity based on the principle of time-varying magnetic induction, characterized in that: The details are as follows: S1. Select a magnetic circuit with constant magnetic flux or a space with constant magnetic field; S2. Adding a power generation device based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle according to any one of claims 1 to 6 into a constant magnetic circuit or magnetic field space, so that the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit and the turn chain of the time-varying magnetic induction element in the power generation device form a charge chain; S3, changing the charge chain in the time-varying magnetic induction element so that its magnetic induction parameters change with time and generate magnetomotive force, that is, generate induced current; S4. By controlling the power conversion unit in the time-varying magnetic induction power generation device, the generated induced current is output to the electric energy storage unit to provide electric energy for the electromagnetic equipment.

8. The power generation method based on the time-varying magnetic induction principle according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, when the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit remains constant: By changing the physical environment of the time-varying magnetic induction element, the charge chain in the time-varying magnetic induction element changes, and the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element change with time, thereby generating magnetomotive force, that is, generating induced current; By changing the number of moving charges in the time-varying magnetic induction element, the magnetic induction parameters of the time-varying magnetic induction element are changed accordingly to generate magnetomotive force, that is, generate induced current.

Images