A photovoltaic support, a photovoltaic system thereof, and a bidirectional tracking method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic support, a photovoltaic system thereof and a two-way tracking method, which includes a trapezoidal frame and a telescopic rod. The trapezoidal frame includes a cross beam for carrying a photovoltaic panel assembly and inclined support rods hinged at both ends of the cross beam. The free ends of the inclined support rods are hinged on a base, and the cross beam, the two inclined support rods and the base form a trapezoidal structure; the movable end of the telescopic rod is hinged on one of the inclined support rods, and the fixed end of the telescopic rod is hinged on the other inclined support rod or the base, and the telescopic rod is arranged non-parallel to the cross beam; when the telescopic rod expands and contracts, the cross beam can drive the photovoltaic panel assembly to perform a tilting motion that is a coupling of translation and rotation. By using the cross beam, the inclined support rods and the base to be hinged to form a trapezoidal frame, the present invention can drive the cross beam to perform a tilting motion that is a coupling of translation and rotation under the drive of the telescopic rod, and further can enable the photovoltaic panel assembly carried by the cross beam to change the single rotation form, optimize the aerodynamic performance of the photovoltaic support, and improve the torsional stiffness of the photovoltaic support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and particularly to a photovoltaic support, a photovoltaic system thereof, and a bidirectional tracking method. Background Art

[0002] Traditional tracking photovoltaic supports are mostly in the form of a single-axis horizontal type. For the main shaft, it is mainly subjected to the pressure and torsional force generated by the wind load, and for the column, it is mainly subjected to the bending moment generated by the wind load. The most common failure form of a single-axis horizontal photovoltaic support is torsional aerodynamic instability. When the wind speed exceeds the critical wind speed, the support begins to vibrate in the first torsional mode, and the amplitude increases continuously with the increase of the wind speed until the support structure is damaged.

[0003] Chinese Patent with the authorization announcement number CN 211127691 U discloses a single-motor bidirectional pulling and driving photovoltaic tracking support system, including a rotating bearing, on which a driving crossbeam is installed. A compensation swing arm is arranged downward on the driving crossbeam. A driving wheel is installed below the rotating bearing. Flexible driving ropes are respectively connected to the left and right ends of the driving crossbeam on the left and right sides of the driving wheel. One end of the compensation swing arm away from the driving crossbeam is the pulling point C of the compensation swing arm. A compensation rope fixing point is arranged below the rotating bearing. A compensation rope is connected between the compensation rope fixing point and the pulling point C of the compensation swing arm. An associated mechanism is arranged at the compensation rope fixing point, and the associated mechanism associates the compensation rope with the driving ropes on both sides, so that the increase in the length of the compensation rope compensates for the reduction in the length of the driving ropes. The overall layout of this solution can still be attributed to the form of traditional single-axis horizontal photovoltaics. It mainly applies the main shaft for driving rotation and the column for supporting the main body. There is a risk that the entire support system is structurally unstable and prone to damage.

[0004] For a reliable photovoltaic support system, both power generation efficiency and aeroelastic effects must be taken into account. The power generation efficiency is greatly related to its tracking form, and many unidirectional tracking photovoltaic supports are restricted by terrain factors. The aeroelastic effect mainly includes two aspects: the strength and stability of the structure. In order to meet the requirements of these two aspects without seeking changes in the original support form, manufacturers can only invest more materials to ensure its relative "compliance", which causes unnecessary waste and cannot fundamentally solve the problem.

[0005] A Chinese patent with the publication number of CN 105490632A discloses a photovoltaic panel linkage type bidirectional focusing mechanism. A movable main shaft that can tilt north-south is arranged behind each solar photovoltaic panel. Photovoltaic panels that can rotate left and right are movably arranged on this movable main shaft respectively. A connecting arm is fixedly arranged at the upper ends of all the movable main shafts. When the connecting arm moves back and forth, the pitching angles of all the photovoltaic panels can be adjusted to achieve seasonal tracking. A tracking arm is arranged behind each photovoltaic panel, and a linkage push rod arm is movably arranged on all the tracking arms. By pushing and pulling the push rod arm left and right, each photovoltaic panel can automatically rotate left and right to achieve the tracking of the photovoltaic panels in the early morning and evening every day. This solution can achieve the tracking effect in two directions, but each rotation direction is a single rotation form, that is, the form of fixed-axis rotation, and the aerodynamic performance of the photovoltaic support is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic support, its photovoltaic system and a bidirectional tracking method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. By using a cross beam, inclined support rods and a base hinged to form a trapezoidal frame, under the drive of a telescopic rod, the cross beam can be driven to perform a tilting motion that combines translation and rotation, and then the photovoltaic panel assembly carried by the cross beam can change the single rotation form, optimize the aerodynamic performance of the photovoltaic support, and improve the torsional stiffness of the photovoltaic support.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a photovoltaic support, including a trapezoidal frame and a telescopic rod. The trapezoidal frame includes a cross beam for carrying a photovoltaic panel assembly and inclined support rods hinged at both ends of the cross beam. The free ends of the inclined support rods are hinged to a base, and the cross beam, the two inclined support rods and the base form a trapezoidal structure. The movable end of the telescopic rod is hinged to one of the inclined support rods, and the fixed end of the telescopic rod is hinged to another telescopic rod or the base. The telescopic rod is not parallel to the cross beam. When the telescopic rod expands and contracts, the cross beam can drive the photovoltaic panel assembly to perform a tilting motion that combines translation and rotation.

[0009] Preferably, purlins are arranged at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel assembly, and the cross beam is connected to the purlins.

[0010] Preferably, a first hinge structure is adopted at the hinge joint between the inclined support rod and the telescopic rod. The first hinge structure includes through holes respectively arranged on the inclined support rod and the telescopic rod and a hinge shaft passing through the through holes, and the inclined support rod and the telescopic rod are rotatably connected.

[0011] Preferably, the base includes a foundation beam, and the free ends of the two inclined support rods are both hinged to the foundation beam.

[0012] Preferably, the hinged joints of the inclined support rods with the cross beam and the hinged joints of the inclined support rods with the foundation beam both adopt a second hinged structure. The second hinged structure includes a first connecting portion fixedly connected to the inclined support rod and a second connecting portion rotatably connected to the cross beam. The first connecting portion is rotatably connected to the second connecting portion, and the two rotation directions of the second connecting portion are perpendicular to each other.

[0013] Preferably, limiting structures are respectively arranged on both sides of the cross beam where the second connecting portion is located. The limiting structures are used to limit the axial position of the second connecting portion on the cross beam.

[0014] The present invention provides a photovoltaic system applying the photovoltaic bracket described above. The photovoltaic system includes two sets of trapezoidal frames arranged oppositely. The two sets of trapezoidal frames are connected to the same photovoltaic panel assembly, and at least one set of trapezoidal frames is connected to the telescopic rod to form the photovoltaic bracket.

[0015] Preferably, the two trapezoidal frames form a frustum of a pyramid structure. The adjacent inclined support rods of the two trapezoidal frames form two sides of a trapezoidal structure. Another telescopic rod is arranged inside the trapezoidal structure. When the other telescopic rod expands and contracts, the cross beam can drive the photovoltaic panel assembly to perform a tilting motion that couples translation and rotation.

[0016] Preferably, the fixed end and the free end of the other telescopic rod are respectively hinged on the inclined support rod and the foundation beam.

[0017] The present invention also provides a two-way tracking method applying the photovoltaic system described above, including the following steps: driving the telescopic rod to expand and contract in the initial state, and the cross beam drives the photovoltaic panel assembly to perform a tilting motion that couples translation and rotation in one direction; the telescopic rod resets, and the whole returns to the initial state. Then drive the other telescopic rod to expand and contract, and the cross beam drives the photovoltaic panel assembly to perform a tilting motion that couples translation and rotation in the other direction.

[0018] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0019] (1) By using the cross beam, inclined support rods and the base to be hinged to form a trapezoidal frame, the present invention can drive the cross beam to perform a tilting motion that couples translation and rotation under the drive of the telescopic rod. Furthermore, it can make the photovoltaic panel assembly carried by the cross beam change the single rotation form, optimize the aerodynamic performance of the photovoltaic bracket, and improve the torsional stiffness of the photovoltaic bracket. Due to the improvement of the torsional stiffness, vibration can be effectively suppressed, avoiding the investment of more materials and saving raw materials.

[0020] (2) The base of the present invention includes a foundation beam, and the free ends of the two inclined support rods are both hinged on the foundation beam, which can reduce the concentrated stress on the foundation, lower the requirements for the foundation, and enable installation on various terrains. In addition to land, it can also be installed on the water surface.

[0021] (3) The two trapezoidal frames of the present invention form a frustum of a pyramid structure. Telescopic rods and another telescopic rod are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the frustum of a pyramid structure. When the telescopic rods and the other telescopic rod respectively extend and contract, the cross beam can drive the photovoltaic panel assembly to perform a tilting movement that couples translation and rotation. That is to say, by controlling the telescopic actions of the telescopic rods and the other telescopic rod, the cross beam can make angular changes in two planes, forming two-way tracking and improving the utilization rate of solar energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the first hinge structure in;

[0025] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the second hinge structure in;

[0026] Among them, 1, photovoltaic panel assembly; 2, inclined support rod; 21, first connection part; 3, cross beam; 31, second connection part; 32, limit structure; 41, telescopic rod; 42, another telescopic rod; 5, foundation beam; 6, first hinge structure; 7, second hinge structure; 8, first hinge shaft; 9, second hinge shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic support, its photovoltaic system and a two-way tracking method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. By using a cross beam, inclined support rods and a base hinged to form a trapezoidal frame, under the drive of a telescopic rod, the cross beam can be driven to perform a tilting movement that couples translation and rotation, and then the photovoltaic panel assembly carried by the cross beam can change the single rotation form, optimizing the aerodynamic performance of the photovoltaic support and improving the torsional stiffness of the photovoltaic support.

[0029] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the present invention provides a photovoltaic support, including a trapezoidal frame and a telescopic rod 41. The trapezoidal frame includes a cross beam 3 for carrying the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 and inclined support rods 2 hinged to both ends of the cross beam 3. The inclined support rods 2, as a support structure, can keep the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 installed on the cross beam 3 at a certain height, thereby reserving a suitable height and space for the tilting action of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1. The cross beam 3 is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 so that when the cross beam 3 moves, the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 moves accordingly. The free end of the inclined support rod 2 is hinged to the base. The base can be a rod-shaped structure or a frame-type structure, etc. The base is used to carry all the weights of the photovoltaic support and its photovoltaic panel assembly 1. According to needs, the base can be installed on land or on water. When installed on water, a floating device needs to be provided. The cross beam 3, the two inclined support rods 2, and the base form a trapezoidal structure of the trapezoidal frame. This trapezoidal structure can be a positive trapezoidal structure or an inverted trapezoidal structure, that is, the bottom side connecting the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 can be either the long bottom side or the short bottom side. The movable end of the telescopic rod 41 is hinged to one of the inclined support rods 2, and the fixed end of the telescopic rod 41 is hinged to the other inclined support rod 2 or the base. Moreover, the telescopic rod 41 is not parallel to the cross beam 3. That is to say, under the telescopic action of the telescopic rod 41, at least one inclined support rod 2 rotates directly accordingly, and the other inclined support rod 2 that does not rotate directly can also rotate passively, so as to be able to change the trapezoidal structure of the trapezoidal frame and make it a relatively deformable trapezoidal structure. The telescopic rod 41 can be an electric push rod, and the action of the electric push rod is controlled by the feedback signal of the light tracker, so as to achieve the tracking purpose of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1. When the telescopic rod 41 expands and contracts, under the action of the inclined support rod 2, the cross beam 3 can drive the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to perform a tilting motion that couples translation and rotation. The present invention forms a trapezoidal frame by hinging the cross beam 3, the inclined support rods 2, and the base. Driven by the telescopic rod 41, it can drive the cross beam 3 to perform a tilting motion that couples translation and rotation, and then can make the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 carried by the cross beam 3 change the single rotation form, optimize the aerodynamic performance of the photovoltaic support, and improve the torsional stiffness of the photovoltaic support. In addition, due to the improvement of the torsional stiffness, vibration can be effectively suppressed, avoiding the investment of more materials and saving raw materials.

[0031] Furthermore, purlins can be provided at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1, and the cross beam 3 is connected to the purlins. The setting of the purlins can enhance the overall structural stiffness of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1. Connecting the cross beam 3 to the purlins can improve the connection stiffness between the cross beam 3 and the photovoltaic panel assembly 1, and ensure the effective support of the photovoltaic support for the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 during the tilting action.

[0032] Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, at the hinge joint between the inclined support rod 2 and the telescopic rod 41, a first hinge structure 6 can be adopted. The first hinge structure 6 includes through holes respectively provided on the inclined support rod 2 and the telescopic rod 41 and a hinge shaft passing through the through holes. This hinge shaft can be called the first hinge shaft 8. After the first hinge shaft 8 passes through the through holes, the inclined support rod 2 and the telescopic rod 41 are rotationally connected, and moreover, this rotation direction is only within one plane to better ensure the stability of the photovoltaic support. The first hinge shaft 8 can adopt the structural form of a bolt rod. After installing nuts, the inclined support rod 2 and the telescopic rod 41 can be connected and fixed on the basis of being able to rotate relative to each other.

[0033] The base can include a foundation beam 5. The free ends of the two inclined support rods 2 are both hinged on the foundation beam 5. The foundation beam 5 can limit the distance between the two inclined support rods 2 and keep the trapezoidal frame deformed within the range of a trapezoidal structure. Due to the setting of the foundation beam 5, it is equivalent to increasing the contact area of the inclined support rod 2 with the ground foundation, thereby being able to reduce the concentrated stress on the ground foundation, lower the requirements for the ground foundation, and enable installation on various terrains. In addition to land, it can also be installed and applied on the water surface.

[0034] Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, at the hinge joints between the inclined support rod 2 and the cross beam 3 and between the inclined support rod 2 and the foundation beam 5, a second hinge structure 7 can be adopted. The second hinge structure 7 includes a first connection part 21 fixedly connected to the inclined support rod 2 and a second connection part 31 rotationally connected to the cross beam 3. Among them, the first connection part 21 can be welded to the inclined support rod 2, or the first connection part 21 is a part extended from the inclined support rod 2, and the two are an integral body. For the shape of the first connection part 21, it can be rectangular or circular and has a through hole for rotationally installing the second hinge shaft 9. The second connection part 31 has another through hole for rotationally connecting with the cross beam 3, that is, the cross beam 3 can be sleeved into this another through hole. In addition, the second connection part 31 is also provided with another through hole. The axial direction of this another through hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the other through hole and coincides with the axial direction of the through hole, that is, the second hinge shaft 9 can be simultaneously sleeved into the through hole and the another through hole to realize the rotational connection between the first connection part 21 and the second connection part 31, and moreover, realize that the two rotational directions that the second connection part 31 can perform are perpendicular to each other. The setting of the second hinge structure 7 can improve the connection freedom degree between the inclined support rod 2 and the cross beam 3 and between the support rod 2 and the foundation beam 5, providing a structural basis for the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to perform tilting actions in two planes.

[0035] Combined with Figure 3As shown, on the crossbeam 3, limiting structures 32 are respectively arranged on both sides of the second connecting portion 31. The limiting structures 32 are used to limit the axial position of the second connecting portion 31 on the crossbeam 3. The setting of the limiting structures 32 is to ensure the installation positions of the inclined support rods 2 on the crossbeam 3 and the foundation beam 5. The limiting structures 32 can adopt the form of welding nuts to the crossbeam 3 or the form of pin cooperation.

[0036] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the present invention provides a photovoltaic system applying the photovoltaic bracket described above, including two sets of trapezoidal frames arranged oppositely. The two sets of trapezoidal frames are connected to the same photovoltaic panel assembly 1. The planes where the trapezoidal frames are located can be parallel to each other. When driven by the telescopic rod 41, it can be tilted only in one direction. At least one set of trapezoidal frames forms a photovoltaic bracket after being connected to the telescopic rod 41. The two sets of trapezoidal frames can be respectively equipped with telescopic rods 41. It should be noted that the two telescopic rods 41 must maintain the same inclination angle and the same movement amplitude, otherwise unnecessary torsional deformation of the two sets of trapezoidal frames will be caused when tilting the photovoltaic panel assembly 1, and even torsional deformation or damage of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 will be caused.

[0037] The two trapezoidal frames form a frustum of a pyramid structure. According to the forward or backward setting of the trapezoidal frame structure, the frustum of a pyramid structure can also be set as forward and backward, that is, it is divided into the case where the upper base is larger than the lower base or the lower base is larger than the upper base. The adjacent inclined support rods 2 of the two trapezoidal frames form two sides of the trapezoidal structure on one side of the frustum of a pyramid structure. Another telescopic rod 42 is arranged inside the trapezoidal structure. Another telescopic rod 42 can have exactly the same structural form as the telescopic rod 41. Of course, different models can also be adopted, but it needs to be controlled by the same control system. When the other telescopic rod 42 expands and contracts, the crossbeam 3 can drive the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to perform a tilting movement that couples translation and rotation. Therefore, in the present invention, the two trapezoidal frames form a frustum of a pyramid structure. The telescopic rod 41 and another telescopic rod 42 are respectively arranged inside the two sides of the frustum of a pyramid structure. When the telescopic rod 41 and the other telescopic rod 42 respectively expand and contract, the crossbeam 3 can drive the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to perform a tilting movement that couples translation and rotation. That is to say, by controlling the expansion and contraction actions of the telescopic rod 41 and the other telescopic rod 42, the crossbeam 3 can make angular changes in two planes, forming two-way tracking and improving the solar energy utilization rate.

[0038] When setting the other telescopic rod 42, the fixed end and the free end of the other telescopic rod 42 can be respectively hinged on the inclined support rod 2 and the foundation beam 5.

[0039] Refer to Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, the present invention also provides a two-way tracking method for a photovoltaic system as described above, including the following: It has an initial state. In the initial state, the overall photovoltaic system is in the shape of a frustum of a pyramid, with four trapezoidal faces of the same size. At the initial state, the telescopic rod 41 is driven to expand and contract. The telescopic rod 41 pushes the inclined support rod 2 to move. Since the inclined support rod 2 is hinged to both the cross beam 3 and the base, at this time, the cross beam 3 drives the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to perform a tilting motion that couples translation and rotation in one direction. The telescopic rod 41 resets, and the overall photovoltaic system returns to the initial state. At this time, another telescopic rod 42 is driven to expand and contract, and the other telescopic rod 42 pushes the inclined support rods 2 located on two trapezoidal frames to move, and the cross beam 3 drives the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to perform a tilting motion that couples translation and rotation in the other direction.

[0040] In the present invention, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic support, characterized in that: It includes a trapezoidal frame and a telescopic rod. The trapezoidal frame includes a cross beam for carrying a photovoltaic panel assembly and inclined support rods hinged at both ends of the cross beam. The free ends of the inclined support rods are hinged on a base, and the cross beam, the two inclined support rods and the base form a trapezoidal structure; the movable end of the telescopic rod is hinged on one of the inclined support rods, and the fixed end of the telescopic rod is hinged on the other inclined support rod or the base, and the telescopic rod is arranged non-parallel to the cross beam; when the telescopic rod expands and contracts, the cross beam can drive the photovoltaic panel assembly to perform a tilting motion that is a combination of translation and rotation; the base includes a foundation beam, and the free ends of the two inclined support rods are both hinged on the foundation beam; the hinge joints between the inclined support rods and the cross beam and the hinge joints between the inclined support rods and the foundation beam both adopt a second hinge structure. The second hinge structure includes a first connection part fixedly connected to the inclined support rod and a second connection part rotatably connected to the cross beam. The first connection part is rotatably connected to the second connection part, and the two rotation directions of the second connection part are perpendicular to each other.

2. The photovoltaic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: Purlins are arranged at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel assembly, and the cross beam is connected to the purlins.

3. The photovoltaic support according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hinge joint between the inclined support rod and the telescopic rod adopts a first hinge structure. The first hinge structure includes through holes respectively arranged on the inclined support rod and the telescopic rod and a hinge shaft passing through the through holes, and the inclined support rod and the telescopic rod are rotatably connected.

4. The photovoltaic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limit structures are respectively arranged on both sides of the cross beam where the second connection part is located, and the limit structures are used to limit the axial position of the second connection part on the cross beam.

5. A photovoltaic system applying the photovoltaic support according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: It includes two sets of trapezoidal frames arranged oppositely. The two sets of trapezoidal frames are connected to the same photovoltaic panel assembly, and at least one set of trapezoidal frames forms the photovoltaic support after being connected to the telescopic rod.

6. The photovoltaic system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two trapezoidal frames form a frustum of a pyramid structure. The adjacent inclined support rods of the two trapezoidal frames form two sides of a trapezoidal structure. Another telescopic rod is arranged inside the trapezoidal structure. When the other telescopic rod expands and contracts, the cross beam can drive the photovoltaic panel assembly to perform a tilting motion that is a combination of translation and rotation.

7. The photovoltaic system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed end and the free end of the other telescopic rod are respectively hinged on the inclined support rod and the foundation beam.

8. A two-way tracking method for a photovoltaic system applying the photovoltaic system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, It includes the following content: Drive the telescopic rod to expand and contract in the initial state, and the cross beam drives the photovoltaic panel assembly to perform a tilting motion that is a combination of translation and rotation in one direction; the telescopic rod resets, and the whole returns to the initial state. Then drive the other telescopic rod to expand and contract, and the cross beam drives the photovoltaic panel assembly to perform a tilting motion that is a combination of translation and rotation in the other direction.

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