Spindle structure

Abstract

The present invention provides a spindle structure, which includes a base, a spindle body, a sliding member, a reset means, a limiting member and a nozzle. The spindle body is rotatably accommodated in the base and forms a receiving chamber. One end of the receiving chamber is a blind end and is provided with an air passage communicating with the outside. The sliding member is slidably disposed in the receiving chamber, and the two ends are respectively a piston and a braking portion. An air chamber is defined between the piston and the blind end of the receiving chamber. The sliding member has a tendency to move towards the blind end of the receiving chamber under the elastic force of the reset means. The limiting member is connected to the braking portion and is used for selectively interfering with the axial direction of the tool shank. The limiting member is radially deformed due to the sliding of the sliding member, so as to position or release the tool shank. The nozzle is disposed on the base for inflating the air passage to drive the sliding member to slide outwards, thereby releasing the tool shank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a spindle structure, and particularly to a spindle structure with a pneumatic tool release mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Generally, a spindle of a machine tool is used to connect a tool holder, and the tool holder is connected to a machining tool. By driving the spindle to rotate, the machining tool is driven to rotate for performing machining operations, such as grinding operations.

[0003] In a more common spindle of a machine tool, a hollow channel is formed. One open end is for inserting the tool holder, and the other end is for inserting a slidable jaw structure. The front end of the jaw structure has movable or deformable jaws for limiting the tool holder. By sliding the jaw structure back and forth, the jaws are tightened or loosened to achieve the purpose of releasing or positioning the tool holder.

[0004] Among them, in order to make the jaw structure slide back and forth, its rear end is usually connected to a driving mechanism, such as that disclosed in Taiwan Patent TWI316442. As a result, the spindle structure requires a longer axial length to accommodate the driving mechanism, so it is very difficult to reduce the volume of the spindle structure. In addition, each spindle must be connected to such a driving mechanism, and for a machine tool with a plurality of spindles, the volume is even larger.

[0005] Therefore, how to reduce the volume occupied by the driving mechanism of the jaw mechanism in the spindle of the machine tool and try to set more tool holder positions in the machine tool is very important for improving work efficiency and saving factory space. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One object of the present invention is to provide a spindle structure that can greatly save space by driving tool release through side air supply, which is beneficial to the arrangement of multiple spindles.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a spindle structure, which is characterized in that it includes:

[0008] A base defining an axial direction;

[0009] At least one spindle body rotatably accommodated in the base around the axial direction. At least one accommodation chamber is formed in the at least one spindle body. One end of the accommodation chamber is a blind end and is provided with at least one air passage. The at least one air passage forms an air inlet on the outer surface of the at least one spindle body. The other end of the at least one accommodation chamber is an open end for inserting a tool holder into the at least one accommodation chamber;

[0010] At least one sliding member slidably disposed in the at least one accommodation chamber along the axial direction. Opposite ends of the at least one sliding member respectively have a piston and a braking portion. The piston is closer to the blind end of the accommodation chamber and forms an air chamber with the blind end. The air chamber communicates with the at least one air passage;

[0011] At least one reset means, disposed in the at least one chamber to provide elastic force to the at least one sliding member, so that the at least one sliding member has a tendency to move towards the blind end of the at least one chamber;

[0012] At least one limiting member, disposed in the at least one chamber and connected to the braking portion of the at least one sliding member, the at least one limiting member is for connecting with the tool handle and selectively interfering axially with the tool handle to prevent the tool handle from axially disengaging, and the at least one limiting member is driven by the axial sliding of the at least one sliding member and can radially deform between a positioning position and a release position, thereby selectively positioning or releasing the tool handle;

[0013] An air nozzle, disposed on the base and capable of selectively communicating with the air inlet, the air nozzle is for connecting a gas source, thereby inflating the air chamber through the air passage, so that the at least one sliding member slides outward along the axis, and further deforming the at least one limiting member from the positioning position to the release position;

[0014] A driving device, disposed on the base;

[0015] A first pulley and a second pulley, the first pulley and the second pulley are respectively sleeved outside the driving device and the at least one main shaft body;

[0016] A driving belt, the driving belt is sleeved outside the first pulley and the second pulley, so that the driving device can drive the at least one main shaft body to rotate around the axis by the driving belt, and the second pulley is radially provided with at least one ventilation hole, and the at least one ventilation hole communicates with the air inlet for the air nozzle to be selectively inserted.

[0017] The main shaft structure described above, wherein: the at least one main shaft body includes one main shaft body, opposite ends of the main shaft body along the axis respectively form one chamber, the blind ends of the two chambers face each other, the two chambers open outward in opposite directions, the two chambers respectively have an air passage, the two air passages are respectively communicated with the two chambers, the at least one sliding member includes two sliding members, the at least one reset means includes two reset means, the at least one limiting member includes two limiting members, and one of the sliding members, one of the reset means and one of the limiting members are respectively disposed in the two chambers.

[0018] The main shaft structure described above, wherein: the air inlets of the two air passages are circumferentially spaced around the main shaft body, each air passage includes a first radial section, an axial section and a second radial section, the axial section is connected between the first radial section and the second radial section, the first radial section is connected to the air inlet, and the second radial section is connected to the air chamber.

[0019] The main shaft structure described above, wherein: the second pulley is radially provided with two ventilation holes, and the two ventilation holes are respectively communicated with the air inlets of the two air passages.

[0020] The spindle structure described above, wherein: the at least one sliding member includes a piston member and a stopper member, the piston member and the stopper member are connected to each other, the piston is located at an end of the piston member farther from the stopper member, the stopper member has the braking portion, the outer diameter of the stopper member gradually decreases from an end farther from the piston member toward an end closer to the piston member, and a pressing member is sleeved outside the piston member, the outer surface of the pressing member is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the chamber, a spring chamber and a hook portion are respectively formed at opposite ends of the pressing member, the reset means is a spring accommodated in the spring chamber and elastically disposed between the bottom of the spring chamber and the piston, the at least one limiting member is hollow, and a connecting portion and an expanding portion are respectively at opposite ends, the connecting portion is hooked and fixed by the hook portion of the pressing member, and a plurality of slits arranged at intervals are provided on the expanding portion, so that an end of the expanding portion farther from the connecting portion can swing radially due to the axial sliding of the piston member, thereby selectively positioning or releasing the tool handle.

[0021] The spindle structure described above, wherein: an elastic binding ring is sleeved on the end of the expanding portion of the limiting member, so that the expanding portion has a tendency to converge toward the stopper member.

[0022] The spindle structure described above, wherein: the driving device includes two driving motors and a coupling, the two driving motors are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the coupling and are respectively connected to the coupling, and the first pulley is connected to the coupling.

[0023] Thereby, the spindle structure provided by the present invention can ventilate from the side of the spindle to achieve the tool loosening action, saving the installation space of the existing driving device, so that two tool handle accommodating portions facing away from each other can be provided on the same spindle body, improving the processing efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 is an exploded three-dimensional view of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the present invention from another angle.

[0028] Figure 5 is an operation schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: base 10; spindle body 20; air channel 21; first radial section 211; axial section 212; second radial section 213; air chamber 22; sliding member 30; piston member 31; piston 311; stop member 32; spring 40; limiting member 50; connecting portion 51; expansion portion 52; elastic ring 53; air nozzle 60; abutment member 70; spring chamber 71; hook portion 72; handle 80; driving device 100; first pulley 200; second pulley 300; vent hole 301. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The present invention provides a spindle structure, including a base 10, at least one spindle body 20, at least one sliding member 30, at least one resetting means, at least one limit member 50 and an air nozzle 60, preferably, it can further include a driving device 100, a first pulley 200, a second pulley 300 and a driving belt (not shown).

[0031] The base 10 defines an axial direction, and in this embodiment, the axial direction is parallel to the horizontal direction. The base 10 is formed with a receiving space; the at least one spindle body 20 can be rotatably received in the receiving space of the base 10 around the axial direction, and at least one receiving chamber is formed in the at least one spindle body 20, one end of the receiving chamber is a blind end and at least one air channel 21 is opened, and the at least one air channel 21 forms an air inlet on the outer surface of the at least one spindle body 20, and the other end of the at least one receiving chamber is an open end for a tool handle 80 to be inserted into the at least one receiving chamber, wherein the other end of the tool handle 80 can be used to connect a processing tool, such as a grinding sheet.

[0032] The at least one sliding member 30 can be slidably disposed in the at least one accommodation chamber along the axial direction. The at least one sliding member 30 has a piston 311 and a detent portion at opposite ends thereof. The piston 311 is closer to the blind end of the accommodation chamber and forms an air chamber 22 with the blind end. The air chamber 22 is connected to the at least one air passage 21. The at least one resetting means is disposed in the at least one accommodation chamber to provide elastic force to the at least one sliding member 30, so that the at least one sliding member 30 has the ability to move toward the blind end of the at least one accommodation chamber. Trend; the at least one limit member 50 is arranged in the at least one accommodating chamber and connected to the detent portion of the at least one sliding member 30. The at least one limit member 50 is connected to the tool handle 80 and selectively interferes with the tool handle 80 axially to prevent the tool handle 80 from escaping along the axial direction. The at least one limit member 50 is driven by the at least one sliding member 30 to slide along the axial direction and can be radially deformed between a positioning position and a release position, so as to selectively position the tool handle 80 or release the tool handle 80.

[0033] The gas nozzle is disposed on the base and can be selectively connected to the gas inlet for connecting to a gas source to inflate the gas chamber through the gas passage, so that the at least one sliding member slides outward along the axial direction, thereby deforming the limiting member from the positioning position to the release position.

[0034] In the present embodiment, the at least one main shaft body 20 comprises a main shaft body 20, and the two opposite ends of the main shaft body 20 along the axial direction respectively form a chamber, the blind ends of the two chambers are opposite to each other, and the two chambers are open outward in opposite directions, and the two chambers respectively have an air channel 21, and the two air channels 21 are respectively connected to the two chambers. Preferably, the air inlets of the two air channels 21 are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the main shaft body 20, and each of the air channels 21 comprises a first radial section 211, an axial section 212 and a second radial section 213, and the axial section 212 is connected between the first radial section 211 and the second radial section 213, and the first radial section 211 The second radial section 213 is connected to the air inlet and connected to the air chamber 22. Therefore, when the position of the air nozzle 60 remains unchanged, one of the air inlets can be selectively aligned with the air nozzle 60 by rotating the main shaft body 20. However, the design of the first radial section 211, the axial section 212 and the second radial section 213 is convenient for processing and does not limit the actual structure and state of the air duct 21. In addition, in conjunction with the arrangement of the two chambers, the at least one sliding member 30 includes two sliding members 30, the at least one reset means includes two reset means, the at least one limit member 50 includes two limit members 50, and the two chambers respectively accommodate one of the sliding members. 30, one of the reset means and one of the limit members 50; specifically, each of the sliding members 30 includes a piston member 31 and a stop member 32, the piston member 31 and the stop member 32 are connected to each other, the piston 311 is located at the end of the piston member 31 that is farther away from the stop member 32, the stop member 32 has the detent portion, the outer diameter of the stop member 32 gradually decreases from the end farther away from the piston member 31 to the end closer to the piston member 31, and there is another push member 70 sleeved on the outside of the piston member 31, the outer surface of the push member 70 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the chamber, and the opposite ends of the push member 70 respectively form a spring chamber 71 and a hook portion 72, and the reset means is a The spring 40 contained in the spring chamber 71 is elastically disposed between the bottom of the spring chamber 71 and the piston 311. The at least one limiting member 50 is hollow, and has a connecting portion 51 and an expanding portion 52 at two opposite ends. The connecting portion 51 is hooked and fixed by the hook portion 72 of the abutting member 70. The expanding portion 52 is provided with a plurality of spaced grooves so that the end of the expanding portion 52 farther from the connecting portion 51 can swing radially due to the axial sliding of the piston member 31, so as to selectively position or release the handle 80. Preferably, an elastic ring 53 is provided at the end of the expanding portion 52 of the limiting member 50 so that the expanding portion 52 tends to converge toward the stopping member 32.

[0035] The driving device 100 is provided on the base 10. For example, the driving device 100 may include two driving motors and a coupling. The two driving motors are respectively provided on opposite sides of the coupling and are respectively connected to the coupling. The first pulley 200 and the second pulley 300 are respectively connected to the coupling and the main shaft body 20. The driving belt is sleeved outside the first pulley 200 and the second pulley 300, so that the driving device 100 can drive the main shaft body 20 to rotate around the axis by the driving belt. Two ventilation holes 301 are radially provided in the second pulley 300. The two ventilation holes 301 are respectively communicated with the two air inlets for the air nozzle 60 to be selectively inserted; preferably, the air nozzle 60 is movable and can be selectively moved and inserted into one of the ventilation holes 301 or pulled out from the ventilation hole 301.

[0036] In actual processing operations, the air nozzle 60 should be withdrawn from the ventilation hole 301 so that the second pulley 300 and the main shaft body 20 can rotate to perform operations such as grinding. When the tool handle 80 needs to be taken out, the second pulley 300 is rotated to an appropriate position to align the ventilation hole 301 with the air nozzle 60. Then, the air nozzle 60 is inserted into the ventilation hole 301, and the ventilation hole 301 and the air passage 21 are ventilated to push the piston member 31 outwards. In this way, the limiting member 50 obtains a space for inward constriction, so that the tool handle 80 is released from the restraint of the limiting member 50; on the contrary, when the tool handle 80 is to be positioned to prevent it from coming out, the gas in the air chamber 22 is allowed to leave. The piston member 31 is retracted inward under the influence of the elastic force of the spring 40, and the limiting member 50 is then pushed outwards by the larger diameter portion of the stopper 32 to form a stop and positioning for the tool handle 80.

[0037] In this embodiment, the two ventilation holes 301 are circumferentially arranged. Therefore, if another tool handle needs to be taken out, the second pulley 300 and the main shaft body 20 must be rotated to align another ventilation hole 301 with the air nozzle 60 and then ventilated to achieve the purpose; however, in other possible embodiments, two air nozzles may also be provided, and the two ventilation holes may be axially arranged, so that the tool loosening operation can be performed simultaneously. However, the circumferential arrangement in this embodiment can further save the space in the axial direction of the main shaft body, which makes a great contribution to the miniaturization of the main shaft.

[0038] In addition, the ventilation hole 301 is directly provided on the pulley 300, so the air nozzle 600 and its auxiliary devices can be exactly arranged in the space surrounded by the driving belt without occupying extra space, which is also very beneficial to reducing the volume of the main shaft.

[0039] In this way, the spindle structure of the present invention can save the space occupied by the tool loosening drive mechanism, enable the spindle to be connected to the tool handle at both opposite ends, improve work efficiency, and the tool loosening drive mechanism does not occupy extra space, enabling the overall volume of the spindle structure to be minimized.

Claims

1. A spindle structure, characterized in that, Comprising: A base defining an axis; At least one main shaft body rotatably received in the base about the axis, at least one receiving chamber being formed in the at least one main shaft body, one end of the receiving chamber being a blind end and having at least one air passage formed therein, the at least one air passage forming an air inlet on the outer surface of the at least one main shaft body, and the other end of the at least one receiving chamber being an open end for inserting a tool shank into the at least one receiving chamber; At least one sliding member slidably disposed in the at least one receiving chamber along the axis, opposite ends of the at least one sliding member respectively having a piston and a braking portion, the piston being closer to the blind end of the receiving chamber and defining an air chamber with the blind end, the air chamber communicating with the at least one air passage; At least one reset means disposed in the at least one receiving chamber to provide an elastic force to the at least one sliding member, causing the at least one sliding member to tend to move towards the blind end of the at least one receiving chamber; At least one limiting member disposed in the at least one receiving chamber and connected to the braking portion of the at least one sliding member, the at least one limiting member being configured to be connected to the tool shank and selectively axially interfering with the tool shank to prevent the tool shank from axially disengaging, and the at least one limiting member being radially deformable between a positioning position and a release position under the drive of the axial sliding of the at least one sliding member to selectively position or release the tool shank; An air nozzle disposed on the base and selectively communicable with the air inlet, the air nozzle being configured to connect to a gas source to inflate the air chamber via the air passage, causing the at least one sliding member to slide axially outwards, thereby deforming the at least one limiting member from the positioning position to the release position; A driving device disposed on the base; A first pulley and a second pulley respectively sleeved on the driving device and the at least one main shaft body; A driving belt sleeved on the first pulley and the second pulley, enabling the driving device to drive the at least one main shaft body to rotate about the axis via the driving belt, the second pulley being radially provided with at least one ventilation hole, the at least one ventilation hole communicating with the air inlet for selective insertion of the air nozzle.

2. The spindle structure according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one main shaft body includes one main shaft body, opposite ends of the main shaft body along the axis respectively forming one receiving chamber, the blind ends of the two receiving chambers facing each other, the two receiving chambers opening outwards in opposite directions, the two receiving chambers respectively having an air passage, the two air passages respectively communicating with the two receiving chambers, the at least one sliding member includes two sliding members, the at least one reset means includes two reset means, the at least one limiting member includes two limiting members, and one of the sliding members, one of the reset means and one of the limiting members are respectively received in the two receiving chambers.

3. The spindle structure according to claim 2, wherein: The air inlets of the two air passages are circumferentially spaced around the main shaft body, each air passage including a first radial section, an axial section and a second radial section, the axial section connecting between the first radial section and the second radial section, the first radial section connecting the air inlet, and the second radial section connecting the air chamber.

4. The spindle structure according to claim 2, wherein: The second pulley is radially provided with two ventilation holes respectively communicating with the air inlets of the two air passages.

5. The spindle structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The at least one sliding member includes a piston member and a stopper member. The piston member and the stopper member are connected to each other. The piston is located at one end of the piston member that is farther from the stopper member. The stopper member has the braking portion. The outer diameter of the stopper member tapers from the end farther from the piston member toward the end closer to the piston member. Another abutting member is sleeved outside the piston member. The outer surface of the abutting member is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the accommodating chamber. A spring chamber and a hook portion are respectively formed at opposite ends of the abutting member. The reset means is a spring accommodated in the spring chamber and elastically disposed between the bottom of the spring chamber and the piston. The at least one limiting member is hollow. The opposite ends are respectively a connecting portion and an expanding portion. The connecting portion is hooked and fixed by the hook portion of the abutting member. The expanding portion is provided with a plurality of slits arranged at intervals, so that the end of the expanding portion farther from the connecting portion can swing radially due to the axial sliding of the piston member, thereby selectively positioning or releasing the tool handle.

6. The spindle structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: An elastic binding ring is sleeved on the end of the expanding portion of the limiting member, so that the expanding portion has a tendency to converge toward the stopper member.

7. The spindle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device includes two driving motors and a coupling. The two driving motors are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the coupling and are respectively connected to the coupling. The first pulley is connected to the coupling.

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