A water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The present invention provides a water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine, which includes a tunnel boring machine main body, a cutter head and cutters. The tunnel boring machine main body is connected to the cutter head, and the cutters are connected to the cutter head. The machine further includes: an atomized abrasive jet power system, an abrasive generator, and a multi-channel rotary joint. The atomized abrasive jet power system includes: a high-pressure water jet pump station, an industrial atomization device, and a liquid high-pressure refrigerant container; the abrasive generator and the multi-channel rotary joint are both installed inside the cutter head. The multi-channel rotary joint is connected to the output end of the atomized abrasive jet power system and the input end of the abrasive generator. The present invention cuts rocks by means of abrasive jets, which greatly increases the depth of the cut seam on the rock surface compared with traditional pure water jets, thereby improving the rock breaking ability of the tunnel boring machine and reducing the load; it has strong cutting ability and a long action distance, greatly expanding the cutting range of the tunnel boring machine. After the ice crystal abrasive water jet is ejected, it can quickly melt and form a liquid, without introducing new solid slag into the soil bin, which is cleaner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock breaking construction equipment, and in particular to a water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel boring machines rely on full-face cutterheads to excavate rock formations. The cutterheads are equipped with a large number of different types of cutters, such as positive cutters, side cutters, and scrapers. Positive cutters and side cutters are the main rock-breaking cutters. The rock-breaking of the cutter relies mainly on the powerful thrust of the tunnel boring machine to press the blade into the rock and continuously roll the rock under the rotary drive of the cutterhead to achieve full-face excavation. When in harder rock formations, especially extremely hard rock formations, the thrust required to press the blade into the rock is very large, which can easily cause the cutter to overload and break, or the blade to wear out quickly, causing great losses to the tunnel construction and leading to construction interruptions. For a long time, the engineering field has attached great importance to technologies related to improving the rock-breaking ability of cutters and the construction efficiency of tunnel boring machines.

[0003] The key to improving the efficiency of roller cutter in breaking hard rock is to reduce the resistance of the cutter ring pressing into the rock or to increase the pressing depth under the same pressing force. The use of high-pressure water jet to assist roller cutter in breaking rock has been proven to be effective through experiments and theoretical analysis, and can significantly reduce the roller cutter's rock breaking load. There are many ways to assist roller cutter in breaking rock with water jets. Among them, water jet cutting can be used to assist roller cutter in breaking rock in extremely hard rock formations. The principle is shown in Figure 5-6 As shown in the figure, a water jet is first used to cut a certain depth of cut on the rock surface, destroying the structural integrity of the original extremely hard rock and thus weakening its crushing strength, and then a roller cutter is used for rolling crushing. At this time, the roller cutter rock breaking load is greatly reduced. The primary problem and difficulty of this rock breaking technology is how to obtain a larger cutting depth.

[0004] For rocks of the same hardness, the slit depths produced by different water jet types vary greatly. For example, the slit cutting ability of common pure water jets is much smaller than that of abrasive jets. Therefore, under the same pressure and flow rate water jet working parameters, the slit cutting effect of abrasive jets is significantly better than that of pure water jets. However, since abrasive jets require the use of solid abrasives, such as corundum, during their operation, they face two major challenges when used on tunnel boring machines: first, new solid materials are introduced into the cutterhead area of ​​the tunnel boring machine, increasing the amount of solid slag discharged by the cutterhead, which may aggravate the wear of the cutterhead; second, solid abrasives must be transported to the water jet pipeline in the cutterhead area through the rotary joint in the center area of ​​the tunnel boring machine, which can easily lead to blockage and wear of the sealing surface of the precision rotary joint, resulting in a high failure rate and unstable performance. Therefore, although the slit cutting ability of abrasive jets is significantly better than that of conventional pure water jets, due to the existence of the above-mentioned problems and their difficulty in overcoming them, the water jet-assisted tunnel boring machine rock breaking technology that has been studied and applied so far still uses pure water jets. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine to solve the problem that in the existing water jet assisted tunneling machine rock breaking technology, the water jet type is mainly pure water jet, which has weak cutting ability, is difficult to form a relatively deep cut on the working face in front of the cutter head, and has a poor effect of reducing the cutter head load and improving the rock breaking ability of the tunneling machine.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine, including a tunneling machine main body, a cutter head and cutters. The tunneling machine main body is connected to the cutter head, and the cutters are connected to the cutter head. It further includes:

[0007] An atomized abrasive jet power system, which includes: a high-pressure water jet pump station, an industrial atomization device, and a liquid high-pressure refrigerant container;

[0008] An abrasive generator and a multi-channel rotary joint. The abrasive generator and the multi-channel rotary joint are both installed in the cutter head. The multi-channel rotary joint is connected to the output end of the atomized abrasive jet power system and the input end of the abrasive generator. The output end of the abrasive generator is connected to a water jet nozzle assembly, and the water jet nozzle assembly is connected to the cutter head.

[0009] Preferably, the multi-channel rotary joint includes: an external fixed body and a central rotary body. The central rotary body is installed through and rotatably in an annular cavity inside the external fixed body, and a front cover plate is installed on the front side of the external fixed body;

[0010] The abrasive generator includes: an abrasive generator tank body, which is provided with a liquid coolant injection port, an atomizing gas injection port, and a liquid coolant injection channel. A plurality of the liquid coolant injection ports are arranged on the liquid coolant injection channel, and the outlet end of the abrasive generator tank body is connected to an abrasive output pipeline;

[0011] A high-pressure water pipeline and a liquid refrigerant pipeline are concentrically and fixedly installed in the internal cavity of the central rotary body. The input end of the high-pressure water pipeline is connected to a high-pressure union. One side of the high-pressure union is connected to a high-pressure water input pipeline inside the tunneling machine main body. The high-pressure water input pipeline is connected to the high-pressure water jet pump station. The output end of the high-pressure water pipeline is connected to a plurality of high-pressure water distribution channels. The output end of the high-pressure water distribution channel is connected to a high-pressure water outlet interface, and the high-pressure water outlet interface is communicated with the water jet nozzle assembly through a high-pressure water output pipeline;

[0012] An external refrigerant swivel joint is installed on the liquid refrigerant pipeline. The liquid refrigerant pipeline is connected to the refrigerant swivel joint. The refrigerant swivel joint is connected to the first liquid refrigerant input pipeline. The first liquid refrigerant input pipeline is connected to the liquid high-pressure refrigerant container. The liquid refrigerant pipeline is divided into multiple refrigerant branch ports on the outlet side of the central rotating body. The refrigerant branch ports are connected to the liquid coolant injection ports of the abrasive generator through the second liquid refrigerant input pipeline;

[0013] A number of channel openings are correspondingly arranged on the external fixing body and the central rotating body. The channel openings communicate the working medium channel on the central rotating body and the outside of the external fixing body;

[0014] The working medium channel includes a water mist channel. The communication port connected to the water mist channel is connected to the output end of the industrial atomization device through a water mist pipeline. The water mist channel is connected to the atomizing gas input pipeline through a water mist output pipeline. The atomizing gas input pipeline is connected to the atomizing gas injection port of the abrasive generator. All ends of the outlet of the abrasive generator are connected to the abrasive conveying pipeline of the water jet nozzle assembly through an abrasive output pipeline.

[0015] Preferably, a number of abrasive generators are evenly distributed around the axis of the multi-channel swivel joint. The high-pressure water output pipeline, the abrasive conveying pipeline, and the water mist output pipeline are all multiple.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid coolant injection channel is an annular channel, and the liquid coolant injection ports are arranged in an "eight" shape.

[0017] Preferably, the arrangement position of the water jet nozzle assembly on the cutter head is determined according to the cut seam arrangement, and the water jet outlet pressure of the high-pressure water jet pump station is greater than or equal to 100 MPa.

[0018] Preferably, the water jet nozzle assembly includes:

[0019] A first mounting seat is installed on the mounting groove of the cutter head, and the first mounting seat is provided with;

[0020] A first cavity and a second cavity are arranged at intervals up and down, and third cavities are arranged on both the left and right sides of the upper end of the first cavity;

[0021] Two first horizontal rotating shafts are rotatably connected in the second cavity at intervals left and right. The first horizontal rotating shafts are arranged in the front-rear direction, and first gears are arranged on the first horizontal rotating shafts. At least one first horizontal rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a first driving device arranged in the second cavity;

[0022] A second mounting seat, slidably connected up and down within the second cavity. Two rack cavities are arranged at left and right intervals within the second mounting seat, and the racks on the inner sides of the two rack cavities are respectively engaged with two first gears;

[0023] A first vertical spray head mounting rod, with a first spray head mounted at the upper end of the first vertical spray head mounting rod. The first spray head is connected to the output end of the abrasive generator. The lower part of the first vertical spray head mounting rod is fixedly connected to the second mounting seat relatively, and the upper end of the first vertical spray head mounting rod penetrates through the upper end of the first mounting seat;

[0024] Two fourth cavities, arranged within the second mounting seat and located on the left and right sides of the first vertical spray head mounting rod respectively;

[0025] Two first vertical guide rods, with their lower ends sliding through the lower end of the second mounting seat and then fixedly connected to a first horizontal connecting plate. The upper ends of the first vertical guide rods slide through to within the fourth cavities;

[0026] Two first connecting blocks, respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two first vertical guide rods. A first inclined surface is arranged at the upper end of the first connecting block;

[0027] Two second connecting blocks, respectively slidably connected left and right within the two fourth cavities. A second inclined surface is arranged at the lower end of the second connecting block, and the first inclined surface is in contact and cooperation with the second inclined surface;

[0028] Two first horizontal moving rods, respectively fixedly connected to the two second connecting blocks. A sealing slider is fixedly connected to the side of the first horizontal moving rod close to the first vertical spray head mounting rod. The inside of the first vertical spray head mounting rod is hollow, and a second through hole is arranged at the position corresponding to the sealing slider. The sealing slider is slidably connected in a sealing manner within the corresponding second through hole. A first spring is fixedly connected between the second connecting block and the inner wall of the fourth cavity;

[0029] A second spring, with its two ends respectively fixedly connected to the first horizontal connecting plate and the lower end of the second mounting seat.

[0030] Preferably, the water jet spray head assembly further includes:

[0031] A rack block, fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the first vertical spray head mounting rod and located within the first cavity;

[0032] Two second gears spaced left and right, respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first cavity through a front - rear direction rotating shaft, and the two second gears are respectively engaged with the left and right sides of the rack block;

[0033] Two second vertical nozzle mounting rods are both provided with meshing racks, and the meshing racks of the two second vertical nozzle mounting rods are respectively meshed with two second gears. A second nozzle device is installed at the upper end of the second vertical nozzle mounting rod.

[0034] Preferably, it further includes: a second nozzle device, and the second nozzle device includes:

[0035] An L-shaped connecting frame, the upper end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped connecting frame is fixedly connected with a first vertical connecting shaft;

[0036] A water outlet seat, including an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder. The inner cylinder is sealingly and rotatably connected in the outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the first vertical connecting shaft. The main water outlet cavity is inside the inner cylinder. A plurality of auxiliary water inlet cavities are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the periphery of the main water outlet cavity of the water outlet seat. The auxiliary water inlet cavities are located between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. A plurality of first communication holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the periphery of the inner cylinder. The auxiliary water inlet cavities are provided with second communication holes corresponding to and communicating with the first communication holes. The upper end of the main water outlet cavity is connected with a water outlet nozzle. The inner cylinder is driven to rotate by a second driving device, and the outer cylinder is driven to rotate by a third driving device;

[0037] A driving block is fixedly connected to the inner side of the vertical section of the L-shaped connecting frame, and an arc-shaped block is fixedly connected to one side of the driving block close to the water outlet seat;

[0038] A plurality of adjusting components, which respectively correspond to a plurality of auxiliary water inlet cavities one by one;

[0039] The adjusting component includes: a second horizontal moving rod, which is arranged along the radial direction of the main water outlet cavity, and the second horizontal moving rod slidably penetrates through the outer wall of the water outlet seat and the auxiliary water inlet cavity; an adjusting plate, which is fixedly connected to the second horizontal moving rod; a third spring, the two ends of which are respectively fixedly connected to the adjusting plate and the auxiliary water inlet cavity, or the two ends of the third spring are respectively fixedly connected to the part of the second horizontal moving rod outside the water outlet seat and the outer wall of the water outlet seat.

[0040] Preferably, an installation device is also fixedly connected to the cutter head, and the installation device includes:

[0041] A third mounting seat, which is fixedly connected to the cutter head;

[0042] Mounting bracket, for being mounted into the mounting cavity within the third mounting seat, the mounting bracket comprising: a vertical mounting section, a boss is mounted in the middle of the vertical mounting section, third inclined surfaces are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the boss, the lower end of the vertical mounting section is located within the spring cavity of the third mounting seat, and a fourth spring is arranged between the lower end of the spring cavity and the lower end of the vertical mounting section within the spring cavity; a mounting block, fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical mounting section, limiting grooves are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the mounting block, and the mounting block is fixedly connected to the device to be mounted;

[0043] Two groups of left - and - right symmetric first connection components, located on the left and right sides of the mounting seat;

[0044] Two groups of left - and - right symmetric second connection components, located on the left and right sides of the mounting seat and below the first connection components;

[0045] The first connection component includes: a first moving block, slidably connected left and right within the third mounting seat, the upper end of the first moving block penetrates through the upper end of the third mounting seat; a fifth spring, with both ends fixedly connected to the first moving block and the inner wall of the third mounting seat respectively; a first limiting block, fixedly connected to the upper end of the first moving block, and one end of the first limiting block close to the limiting groove is used for snap - fitting or plug - fitting with the limiting groove;

[0046] The second connection component includes:

[0047] A fifth cavity, a sixth cavity, and a seventh cavity, arranged at intervals up and down, and the upper end of the sixth cavity is communicated with the lower end of the fifth cavity, and the lower end of the sixth cavity is communicated with the upper end of the seventh cavity;

[0048] A second moving block, slidably connected left and right within the fifth cavity, a third inclined surface is arranged on one side of the second moving block close to the second inclined surface, the third inclined surface cooperates with the second inclined surface, a sixth spring is fixedly connected between the second moving block and the inner wall of the fifth cavity, and a fourth inclined surface is arranged on the side of the second moving block away from the second inclined surface;

[0049] A third moving block, slidably connected up and down within the sixth cavity and with the upper end penetrating into the fifth cavity 108, a fifth inclined surface is arranged at the upper end of the third moving block, the fourth inclined surface cooperates with the fifth inclined surface, and an eleventh spring is fixedly connected between the third moving block and the inner wall of the sixth cavity;

[0050] A second limiting block, fixedly connected to the lower end of the third moving block;

[0051] The fixed block is slidably connected left and right in the seventh cavity. An installation groove for mating and clamping or inserting with the second limiting block is provided at the upper end of the fixed block. One end of the fixed block close to the vertical installation section penetrates the seventh cavity, and a seventh spring is fixedly connected between the fixed block and the inner wall of the seventh cavity;

[0052] The pulley mounting block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the installation cavity, and two sets of fixed pulleys are installed in the pulley mounting block;

[0053] The connecting drawstring is wound between the two sets of fixed pulleys, and both ends of the connecting drawstring are fixedly connected to the second moving block and the fixed block respectively.

[0054] Next, through the drawings and embodiments, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail. Description of the Drawings

[0055] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the main machine of the water jet assisted rock breaking tunneling machine;

[0057] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-channel rotary joint;

[0058] Figure 3 It is a sectional view taken along line A-A in ;

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the abrasive generator;

[0060] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cut seams on both sides of the cutter ring when the existing water jet cut seam assists the hob to break rock;

[0061] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cut seams on both sides and in the middle of the cutter ring at the same time when the existing water jet cut seam assists the hob to break rock;

[0062] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the water jet nozzle assembly of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 8 It is Figure 7 The partial structure schematic in Figure 1 ;

[0064] Figure 9 It is Figure 7 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at B in ;

[0065] Figure 10 It is Figure 8Top view of the local position;

[0066] Figure 11 Structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the installation device of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 12 Structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the auxiliary device of the present invention.

[0068] In the figure: 1. Cutter head; 2. Cutter; 3. Main body of roadheader; 4. Driving motor; 5. Main driving mechanism; 6. Multi-channel rotary joint; 601. External fixed body; 602. Rolling bearing; 603. Front cover plate; 604. High-pressure quick connector; 605. High-pressure water pipeline; 6051. High-pressure water input pipeline; 6052. High-pressure water distribution channel; 6053. High-pressure water outlet interface; 606. Liquid refrigerant pipeline; 6061. First liquid refrigerant input pipeline; 6062. Heat-insulating sleeve; 6063. Second liquid refrigerant input pipeline; 6064. Refrigerant rotary joint; 607. Bolt; 608. Central rotary body; 6081. Working medium channel; 609. Water mist pipeline; 6091. Water mist output pipeline; 610. Abrasive generator; 61001. Abrasive output pipeline; 61002. Atomizing gas injection port; 61003. Liquid coolant injection channel; 61004. Liquid coolant input pipeline; 61005. Atomizing gas input pipeline; 61006. Liquid coolant injection port; 61007. Solid ice particle abrasive; 61008. Abrasive generator tank body; 611. Abrasive conveying pipeline; 612. High-pressure water output pipeline; 613. Sealing structure; 7. Continuous belt conveyor; 8. Water jet nozzle assembly; 81. First mounting seat; 82. First cavity; 83. Second cavity; 84. Third cavity; 85. First gear; 86. Second mounting seat; 87. Rack cavity; 88. First vertical nozzle mounting rod; 89. Fourth cavity; 810. First connecting block; 811. First vertical guide rod; 812. First horizontal connecting plate; 813. Second connecting block; 814. First horizontal moving rod; 815. First spring; 816. Second spring; 817. Rack block; 818. Second gear; 819. Second vertical nozzle mounting rod; 820. L-shaped connecting frame; 821. Water outlet seat; 822. Driving block; 823. Main water outlet cavity; 824. Auxiliary water inlet cavity; 825. First communication hole; 826. Third spring; 827. Second horizontal moving rod; 828. Adjusting plate; 829. Arc-shaped block; 9. Atomized abrasive jet power system; 901. Liquid high-pressure refrigerant container; 902. High-pressure water jet pump station; 903. Industrial atomizing device; 10. Mounting device; 101. Third mounting seat; 102. Mounting frame; 1021. Boss; 1022. Vertical mounting section; 1023. Mounting block; 103. First moving block; 104. Fourth spring; 105. Fifth spring; 106. Limit groove; 107. First limit block; 108. Fifth cavity; 109. Sixth cavity; 110. Seventh cavity; 111. Second moving block; 112. Sixth spring; 113. Third moving block; 114. Eleventh spring; 115. Second limit block; 116. Fixed block; 117. Seventh spring; 118. Pulley mounting block; 119. Fixed pulley; 120. Connecting pull rope; 20. Auxiliary device; 201. Installation box; 202. Transfer plate;203. Vertical partition; 204. Eighth spring; 205. First guide block; 206. Second guide block; 207. Third vertical guide rod; 208. First connecting seat; 209. Pushing block; 210. Third guide block; 211. Horizontal guide rod; 212. Connecting wheel; 213. Moving seat; 214. First housing; 215. First vertical sealing block; 216. First horizontal connecting rod; 217. Second vertical guide rod; 218. Second housing; 219. Connecting bracket; 220. First horizontal sealing block; 221. Tenth spring; 222. Twelfth spring.; Detailed implementation manners

[0069] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0070] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and do not particularly refer to the meaning of order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are merely used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

[0071] The present invention provides the following embodiments:

[0072] Embodiment 1:

[0073] An embodiment of the present invention provides a water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine, as Figures 1-4 shown, including a tunneling machine main body 3, a cutter head 1 and cutters 2. The tunneling machine main body 3 is connected to the cutter head 1, and the cutters 2 are connected to the cutter head 1 (the connection of the tunneling machine main body 3, the cutter head and the cutters is the prior art, and can be referred to the existing tunnel boring machine; preferably, as Figure 1 , the tunneling machine main body 3 includes a driving motor 4, and the driving motor 3 drives the cutter head 3 to rotate through a main driving mechanism 4 (which can adopt an existing gear transmission mechanism); preferably, the tunneling machine main body 3 may further include a continuous belt conveyor 7, which can be used to convey the crushed rock after rock breaking; it can be referred to the material conveying device of the existing tunneling machine), and further includes:

[0074] Atomized abrasive jet power system 9, the atomized abrasive jet power system 9 comprises: a high-pressure water jet pump station 902, an industrial atomizing device 903, and a liquid high-pressure refrigerant container 901;

[0075] An abrasive generator 610 and a multi-channel rotary joint 6, wherein the abrasive generator 610 and the multi-channel rotary joint 6 are both installed in the cutter disc 1 (specifically, installed on the internal support structure of the cutter disc), the multi-channel rotary joint 6 is connected to the output end of the atomized abrasive jet power system 9 and to the input end of the abrasive generator 610, the output end of the abrasive generator 610 is connected to a water jet nozzle assembly 8 (which can be an existing jet nozzle for rock breaking), and the water jet nozzle assembly 8 is connected to the cutter disc 1.

[0076] The water jet outlet pressure of the high-pressure water jet pump station is usually greater than or equal to 100MPa, and the preferred pressure is 250-300MPa; the industrial atomization device can produce water mist of different concentrations and quantities (flow rates); the compressed refrigerant is a high-pressure, low-temperature liquid medium encapsulated in a pressure vessel (tank), such as liquid carbon dioxide, which can be introduced into various refrigeration positions through pipelines and control valves; the function of the abrasive generator is to evenly mix the incoming water mist with the introduced liquid refrigerant, and quickly solidify the water mist into solid fine ice particles through rapid refrigeration, and then accumulate them at the outlet through appropriate mechanical stirring and transportation.

[0077] The mixing channel swivel joint is a key device for delivering the working media required by the atomized abrasive water jet system, such as high-pressure water, liquid refrigerant and atomized water vapor, as well as the media required during the normal operation of the tunnel boring machine, such as foaming agent, hydraulic oil, etc., to the cutterhead. The swivel joint consists of two parts: a fixed outer cylinder and a central rotating body. All the above working media delivered to the cutterhead enter the swivel joint through various channel ports on the external fixed body, such as ports a, b, c, d, etc., and then connect to the corresponding pipeline on the channel cutterhead from the outlet port on the central rotating body.

[0078] Specifically, the multi-channel rotary joint 6 includes: an external fixing body 601 (such as Figure 2 , which can be connected to the cutter head by bolts 607) and a central rotating body 608, wherein the central rotating body 608 is rotatably installed (specifically, as Figure 2 , which can be rotatably connected to the external fixing body through a rolling bearing 602) in an annular cavity in the external fixing body 601, and a front cover plate 603 is installed on the front side of the external fixing body 601;

[0079] The abrasive generator 610 includes: an abrasive generator tank body 61008, on which a liquid coolant injection port 61006, an atomizing gas injection port 61002, and a liquid coolant injection channel 61003 are provided. A plurality of the liquid coolant injection ports 61006 are arranged on the liquid coolant injection channel 61003. The outlet end of the abrasive generator tank body 61008 is connected to an abrasive output pipeline 61001;

[0080] Inside the internal cavity of the central rotating body 608, a high-pressure water pipeline 605 and a liquid refrigerant pipeline 606 are concentrically and fixedly installed (preferably, an adiabatic sleeve 6062 is also sleeved outside the liquid refrigerant pipeline 606) (both pipelines are relatively fixed to the central rotating body (i.e., can rotate synchronously with the rotating body)). The input end of the high-pressure water pipeline 605 is connected to a high-pressure union 604. One side of the high-pressure union 604 is connected to a high-pressure water input pipeline 6051 inside the tunneling machine mainframe 3 (allowing the joint on one side inside the mainframe to be fixed). The high-pressure water input pipeline 6051 is connected to the high-pressure water jet pump station 902. The output end of the high-pressure water pipeline 605 is connected to a plurality of high-pressure water distribution channels 6052. The output end of the high-pressure water distribution channel 6052 is connected to a high-pressure water outlet interface 6053. The high-pressure water outlet interface 6053 is connected to the water jet nozzle assembly 8 through a high-pressure water output pipeline 612;

[0081] An external refrigerant union is installed outside the liquid refrigerant pipeline 606. The liquid refrigerant pipeline 606 is connected to the refrigerant union 6064. The refrigerant union 6064 is connected to a first liquid refrigerant input pipeline 6061. The first liquid refrigerant input pipeline 6061 is connected to a liquid high-pressure refrigerant container 901. The liquid refrigerant pipeline 606 is divided into multiple refrigerant branch ports (such as ports g and h) on the outlet side of the central rotating body 608. The refrigerant branch ports are connected to the liquid coolant injection port 61006 of the abrasive generator 610 through a second liquid refrigerant input pipeline 6063 (the liquid refrigerant can be transported to the cutter head side through the refrigerant pipeline 606);

[0082] A plurality of channel ports (such as Figure 2 ports a, b, c, and d) are correspondingly arranged on the external fixed body 601 and the central rotating body (preferably, a sealing structure 613 is arranged at the connection of the channel ports of the external fixed body 601 and the channel ports of the central rotating body 608 as shown in the figure). The channel ports communicate the working medium channel 6081 on the central rotating body 608 and the outside of the external fixed body 601;

[0083] The working medium channel 6081 includes a water mist channel. The communication port connected to the water mist channel is connected to the output end of the industrial atomizing device 903 through a water mist pipeline 609. The water mist channel is connected to the atomizing gas input pipeline 61005 through a water mist output pipeline 6091. The atomizing gas input pipeline 61005 is connected to the atomizing gas injection port 61002 of the abrasive generator 610. All ends of the outlet of the abrasive generator 610 are connected to the abrasive conveying pipeline 611 of the water jet nozzle assembly 8 through an abrasive output pipeline 61001.

[0084] The water mist and the liquid refrigerant coming out of the output port of the central rotating body 608 are connected to the input end of the abrasive generator 610 through pipelines. The liquid refrigerant rapidly cools down by rapid gasification in the generator, causing the tiny water mist particles to rapidly solidify and crystallize, forming tiny solid ice particles. The hardness of the ice particles is much higher than that of liquid water and can be used as the abrasive medium for the water jet, constituting an abrasive cutting system, and its effect is similar to that of a water jet system using fine sand grains as the abrasive. All ends of the outlet of the abrasive generator 610 are connected to the abrasive conveying pipeline 611 of the water jet nozzle assembly 8. The solid ice particle abrasive 61007 is continuously conveyed to the water jet nozzle assembly 8 through the abrasive conveying pipeline 611, forming an abrasive jet.

[0085] Specifically, a plurality of abrasive generators 610 are evenly distributed around the axis of the multi-channel rotary joint 6. The various medium interfaces at the outlet end of the central rotating body can be connected to a plurality of branch pipelines. For example, there are multiple high-pressure water output pipelines 612, abrasive conveying pipelines 611, and water mist output pipelines 6091. This can supply multiple water jet nozzle assemblies on the cutter head to achieve multi-channel cutting.

[0086] Specifically, the abrasive generator 610 is of a pressure-bearing container structure, preferably a long circular container tank structure. The liquid coolant enters the inside of the tank through an annular injection channel (i.e., 61003) that closely surrounds the outer wall of the cooler. The liquid coolant injection ports 61006 passing through the abrasive generator tank body 61008 are evenly arranged on the annular channel. The liquid coolant injection port 61006 at each position is preferably arranged in an "eight" shape to ensure symmetry on both sides. The atomizing gas injection port 61002 is symmetrically arranged in the middle of the abrasive generator tank body 61008. The atomizing gas enters the inside of the abrasive tank from the injection port 61002 and is quickly cooled and solidified by the coolant that enters from the liquid coolant injection port 61006 and gasifies, forming tiny solid ice particle abrasives 61007, which fall into the lower side of the tank under their own weight. When the water jet nozzle starts spraying operations, the solid ice particle abrasives 61007 in the abrasive generator 610 are sucked into the abrasive conveying pipelines 611 at both ends and finally reach the nozzle, jointly forming an abrasive jet with the high-pressure water.

[0087] Specifically, the arrangement position of the water jet nozzle assembly 8 on the cutter head 1 is determined according to the cutting slot arrangement, and it is preferably arranged between the trajectories of each hob to form a cutting slot to assist the hob in rock breaking; after the solid ice particle abrasive is ejected with the high-pressure water jet, it will be broken and quickly dissolved in the heading face area, without increasing the solid slag discharge amount of the cutter head.

[0088] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions are as follows:

[0089] (1) The present invention uses the abrasive jet method to cut rocks, which greatly increases the cutting slot depth on the rock surface compared with the traditional pure water jet, thereby improving the rock breaking ability of the roadheader and reducing the load; it solves the problem that in the existing water jet assisted roadheader rock breaking technology, the water jet type is mainly pure water jet, and this type of jet has weak cutting slot ability and is difficult to form a deeper cutting slot in the heading face in front of the cutter head, resulting in poor effects of reducing the cutter head load and improving the rock breaking ability of the roadheader.

[0090] (2) It has strong cutting ability and long action distance, greatly expanding the cutting range of the roadheader.

[0091] (3) After the ice crystal abrasive is ejected with the water jet, it can quickly melt and form a liquid, without introducing new solid slag in the soil bin, and is cleaner compared with the use of existing solid abrasives such as emery.

[0092] Embodiment 2

[0093] On the basis of Embodiment 1, as Figures 7-10 shown,

[0094] The water jet nozzle assembly 8 includes:

[0095] The first mounting seat 81 is mounted on the mounting groove of the cutter head 1, and a; is provided in the first mounting seat 81

[0096] The first cavity 82 and the second cavity 83 are arranged at intervals up and down, and third cavities 84 are provided on both the left and right sides of the upper end of the first cavity 82;

[0097] Two first horizontal rotating shafts are rotatably connected in the second cavity 83 at intervals left and right. The first horizontal rotating shafts are arranged in the front-rear direction, and first gears 85 are provided on the first horizontal rotating shafts. At least one first horizontal rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a first driving device provided in the second cavity 83;

[0098] The second mounting seat 86 is slidably connected up and down in the second cavity 83. Two rack cavities 87 are arranged at intervals left and right in the second mounting seat 86, and the racks on the inner sides of the two rack cavities 87 are respectively engaged with the two first gears 85;

[0099] The first vertical nozzle mounting rod 88, with a first nozzle mounted at the upper end of the first vertical nozzle mounting rod 88. The first nozzle is connected to the output end of the abrasive generator 610. The lower part of the first vertical nozzle mounting rod 88 is fixedly connected to the second mounting seat 86 (which can be connected by bolts). The upper end of the first vertical nozzle mounting rod 88 penetrates through the upper end of the first mounting seat 81;

[0100] Two fourth cavities 89, which are arranged in the second mounting seat 86 and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the first vertical nozzle mounting rod 88;

[0101] Two first vertical guide rods 811, after their lower ends all slide through the lower end of the second mounting seat 86, are fixedly connected to the first horizontal connecting plate 812. The upper ends of the first vertical guide rods 811 slide through into the fourth cavities 89;

[0102] Two first connecting blocks 810, which are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two first vertical guide rods 811. The upper ends of the first connecting blocks 810 are provided with first inclined surfaces;

[0103] Two second connecting blocks 813, which are respectively slidably connected left and right in the two fourth cavities 89. The lower ends of the second connecting blocks 813 are provided with second inclined surfaces, and the first inclined surfaces are in contact and cooperation with the second inclined surfaces;

[0104] Two first horizontal moving rods 814, which are respectively fixedly connected to the two second connecting blocks 813. A sealing slider is fixedly connected to the side of the first horizontal moving rod 814 close to the first vertical nozzle mounting rod 88. The inside of the first vertical nozzle mounting rod is hollow (that is, water flows through the first vertical nozzle mounting rod and then enters the first nozzle), and a second through hole is provided at the position corresponding to the sealing slider. The sealing slider is in sealing sliding connection in the corresponding second through hole. A first spring 815 is fixedly connected between the second connecting block 813 and the inner wall of the fourth cavity 89;

[0105] A second spring 816, with its two ends respectively fixedly connected to the first horizontal connecting plate 812 and the lower end of the second mounting seat 86.

[0106] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The first nozzle is a nozzle for rock breaking; when the first nozzle needs to be used, the first horizontal shaft is driven to rotate by the first driving device, thereby driving the first gear 85 to rotate. The first gear 85 drives the rack cavity 87 to move upward, thereby driving the second mounting seat 86 to move upward, so that the first vertical nozzle mounting rod 88 moves upward, making the first nozzle extend out of the first mounting seat 81 (preferably, an opening or opening / closing door for the first nozzle to enter and exit is provided at the upper end of the first mounting seat 81) for using the first nozzle to break rocks;

[0107] When the first nozzle is not needed, the first horizontal shaft is driven to rotate by the first driving device, thereby driving the first gear 85 to rotate. The first gear 85 drives the rack cavity 87 to move downward, thereby driving the second mounting seat 86 to move downward, so that the first vertical nozzle mounting rod 88 moves downward, and the first nozzle is received in the first mounting seat 81 when not in use. In addition, when the second mounting seat 86 moves downward, it drives the first horizontal connecting plate 812 to move downward. When the first horizontal connecting plate 812 contacts the inner wall of the lower end of the second cavity 83, if the second mounting seat 86 continues to move downward, the first horizontal connecting plate 812, the first vertical guide rod 811, and the first connecting block 810 as a whole will move upward relative to the second mounting seat 86. The first connecting block 810 pushes the second connecting block 813 to move towards the first vertical nozzle mounting rod 88, thereby driving the first horizontal moving rod 814 and the sealing slider thereon into the second through hole. The two sealing sliders approach each other and finally seal the inside of the first vertical nozzle mounting rod 88 corresponding to the second through hole, realizing interception, ensuring reliable sealing after the first nozzle is received, and preventing accidental spraying (accidental spraying after the switch provided on the first nozzle or the first vertical nozzle mounting rod 88 is turned off). The above technical solution realizes the storage of the first nozzle when it is not needed and further prevents accidental spraying (such as accidental touching of the switch during transportation).

[0108] Embodiment 3

[0109] On the basis of Embodiment 2, as Figures 7-10 shown,

[0110] The water jet nozzle assembly 8 further includes:

[0111] A rack block 817, fixedly sleeved in the middle of the first vertical nozzle mounting rod 88 and located in the first cavity 82;

[0112] Two second gears 818 spaced left and right, respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first cavity 82 through a front-rear direction shaft, and the two second gears 818 are respectively engaged with the left and right sides of the rack block 817;

[0113] Two second vertical nozzle mounting rods 819, both provided with meshing racks, and the meshing racks of the two second vertical nozzle mounting rods 819 are respectively engaged with the two second gears 818. The upper ends of the second vertical nozzle mounting rods 819 are provided with second nozzle devices.

[0114] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the first vertical spray head mounting rod 88 moves downward, the rack block 817 thereon also moves downward, thereby driving the corresponding second gear 818 to rotate, so that the meshing rack on the second vertical spray head mounting rod 819 moves upward, so that the second spray head mounting rod and the second spray head device thereon move upward to the outside of the first mounting seat 81 for facilitating the use of the second spray head device. The second spray head device can be a cleaning spray head for flushing relevant instruments during tunneling, or an atomizing spray head for dust reduction during tunneling. The above technical solution realizes the use of the second spray head device only after the first spray head is stored, avoiding accidentally opening the first spray head during cleaning and causing damage to the instruments being cleaned.

[0115] Embodiment 4

[0116] Based on any one of Embodiments 1-3, as Figures 7-10 shown,

[0117] It further includes: a second spray head device, and the second spray head device includes:

[0118] an L-shaped connecting frame 820, and the upper end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped connecting frame 820 is fixedly connected with a first vertical connecting shaft;

[0119] a water outlet seat 821, including: an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is hermetically rotatably connected in the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the first vertical connecting shaft, the main water outlet cavity 823 is inside the inner cylinder, and a plurality of auxiliary water inlet cavities 824 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the periphery of the main water outlet cavity 823 on the water outlet seat 821. The auxiliary water inlet cavities are located between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. A plurality of first communication holes 825 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the periphery of the inner cylinder. The auxiliary water inlet cavity 824 is provided with a second communication hole corresponding to and communicating with the first communication hole 825. The upper end of the main water outlet cavity 823 is connected with a water outlet spray head, and the inner cylinder is driven to rotate by a second driving device, and the outer cylinder is driven to rotate by a third driving device;

[0120] a driving block 822, fixedly connected to the inner side of the vertical section of the L-shaped connecting frame 820, and an arc-shaped block 829 is fixedly connected to the side of the driving block 822 close to the water outlet seat 821;

[0121] a plurality of adjusting components, corresponding to a plurality of auxiliary water inlet cavities 824 one by one;

[0122] The adjusting assembly includes: a second horizontal moving rod 827, which is arranged along the radial direction of the main water outlet cavity 823, and the second horizontal moving rod 827 slidably penetrates through the outer wall of the water outlet seat 821 and the auxiliary water inlet cavity 824; an adjusting plate 828, which is fixedly connected to the second horizontal moving rod 827; a third spring 826, with two ends respectively fixedly connected to the adjusting plate 828 and the auxiliary water inlet cavity 824, or with two ends of the third spring 826 respectively fixedly connected to the part of the second horizontal moving rod 827 outside the water outlet seat 821 and the outer wall of the water outlet seat 821.

[0123] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the second nozzle device can be connected to the second vertical nozzle mounting rod 819 in Embodiment 2, or connected to other positions of the cutter head 1;

[0124] The auxiliary water inlet cavity 824 can be used for water inlet, or other liquids (such as cleaning liquid). The inner cylinder is driven to rotate by a second driving device. When the inner cylinder rotates, the position of the first communication hole 825 on the main water outlet cavity 823 can be continuously changed, and the number of the first communication holes 825 communicating with several second communication holes can be adjusted, so as to adjust the water outlet flow rate of the main water outlet cavity 823, or adjust the type of liquid in the main water outlet cavity 823, so as to achieve different purposes; in addition, when the third driving device drives the outer cylinder to rotate, when the first communication hole 825 communicates with the second communication hole, when the second horizontal moving rod 827 corresponding to the communicated second communication hole rotates to the position of the arc-shaped block 829, the arc-shaped block 829 can push (when the outer cylinder rotates clockwise) the second horizontal moving rod 827 and the adjusting plate 828 thereon towards the main water outlet cavity 823. On the one hand, the adjusting plate 828 can further adjust the flow rate at the communicated first communication hole 825 and the second communication hole, and on the other hand, it can play a role in dredging to prevent the corresponding first communication hole 825 and the second communication hole from being blocked.

[0125] Embodiment 5

[0126] On the basis of any one of Embodiments 1-4, as Figure 11 shown,

[0127] An installation device 10 is also fixedly connected to the cutter head 1, and the installation device 10 includes:

[0128] A third mounting seat 101, which is fixedly connected to the cutter head 1;

[0129] The mounting bracket 102 is used to be installed in the installation cavity within the third mounting base 101. The mounting bracket 102 includes: a vertical mounting section 1022, in the middle of which a boss 1021 is installed. Third inclined surfaces are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the boss 1021. The lower end of the vertical mounting section 1022 is located in the spring cavity within the third mounting base 101. A fourth spring 104 is arranged between the lower end of the spring cavity and the lower end of the vertical mounting section 1022 within the spring cavity; a mounting block 1023, fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical mounting section 1022. Limiting grooves 106 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the mounting block 1023. The mounting block 1023 is fixedly connected to the device to be installed;

[0130] Two groups of left - and - right symmetric first connection components, located on the left and right sides of the mounting base;

[0131] Two groups of left - and - right symmetric second connection components, located on the left and right sides of the mounting base and below the first connection components;

[0132] The first connection component includes: a first moving block 103, slidably connected left and right within the third mounting base 101. The upper end of the first moving block 103 penetrates through the upper end of the third mounting base 101; a fifth spring 105, with both ends fixedly connected to the first moving block 103 and the inner wall of the third mounting base 101 respectively; a first limiting block 107, fixedly connected to the upper end of the first moving block 103. One end of the first limiting block 107 close to the limiting groove 106 is used for snap - connection or plug - in cooperation with the limiting groove 106;

[0133] The second connection component includes:

[0134] A fifth cavity 108, a sixth cavity 109, and a seventh cavity 110, arranged at intervals up and down. The upper end of the sixth cavity 109 is communicated with the lower end of the fifth cavity 108), and the lower end of the sixth cavity 109 is communicated with the upper end of the seventh cavity 110;

[0135] A second moving block 111, slidably connected left and right within the fifth cavity 108. A third inclined surface is arranged on one side of the second moving block 111 close to the second inclined surface. The third inclined surface cooperates with the second inclined surface. A sixth spring 112 is fixedly connected between the second moving block 111 and the inner wall of the fifth cavity 108. A fourth inclined surface is arranged on the side of the second moving block 111 away from the second inclined surface;

[0136] A third moving block 113, slidably connected up and down within the sixth cavity 109 and with its upper end penetrating into the fifth cavity 108. A fifth inclined surface is arranged at the upper end of the third moving block 113. The fourth inclined surface cooperates with the fifth inclined surface. An eleventh spring 114 is fixedly connected between the third moving block 113 and the inner wall of the sixth cavity 109;

[0137] The second limiting block 115 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the third moving block 113;

[0138] The fixing block 116 is slidably connected left and right in the seventh cavity 110. An installation groove for fitting and clamping or inserting with the second limiting block 115 is arranged at the upper end of the fixing block 116. One end of the fixing block 116 close to the vertical installation section 1022 penetrates through the seventh cavity 110. A seventh spring 117 is fixedly connected between the fixing block 116 and the inner wall of the seventh cavity 110;

[0139] The pulley mounting block 118 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the installation cavity. Two groups of fixed pulleys 119 are installed in the pulley mounting block 118;

[0140] The connecting pull rope 120 is wound between the two groups of fixed pulleys 119. Both ends of the connecting pull rope 120 are fixedly connected to the second moving block 111 and the fixing block 116 respectively.

[0141] Preferably, an opening and closing door can be arranged on the front side or the rear side of the third mounting seat for installing the mounting frame and the device to be installed thereon into the third mounting seat;

[0142] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The above mounting block 1023 is fixedly connected to the device to be installed, and the device to be installed can be the above water jet nozzle or other devices to be installed. After installing the mounting frame 102 and the device to be installed thereon into the third mounting seat 101, press down the mounting block 1023, so that the mounting block 1023, the convex platform 1021, and the vertical mounting rod move downward as a whole; the convex platform 1021 moves downward, pushing the second moving blocks 111 on the left and right away from each other. On the one hand, the second moving block 111 pushes the corresponding third moving block 113 downward, thereby driving the second limiting block 115 downward. On the other hand, the second moving block 111 drives the two fixing blocks 116 to approach each other through the connecting pull rope 120, so that the fixing blocks 116 are clamped on both sides of the vertical installation section 1022. At this time, the second limiting block 115 is clamped into the installation groove on the fixing block 116 to realize the limitation of the fixing block 116, so as to ensure the stable clamping of the fixing block 116 on the vertical installation section 1022. In addition, after the installation groove on the fixing block 116 limits the downward movement of the second limiting block 115, the third moving block 113 can be prevented from continuing to move downward. Thus, the horizontal position of the second moving block 111 in the left and right directions is determined. Through the action of the inclined surface thereon, the up and down and left and right positions of the convex platform 1021 can be limited; and when the mounting block 1023 moves downward to the first limiting block 107, the first limiting block 107 can be connected to the limiting groove 106 of the mounting block 1023 to realize the up and down direction limitation and the left and right direction clamping of the mounting block 1023;

[0143] The above technical solution realizes the up-and-down direction limit of the entire mounting frame 102 and the left-and-right direction limit at different heights, ensuring the stable connection of the mounting frame 102 and the device to be installed.

[0144] Embodiment 6

[0145] Based on any one of Embodiments 1-5, as Figure 12 shown,

[0146] The mainframe 3 of the roadheader is connected with a material conveying device (which can refer to the material conveying device of the existing roadheader). An auxiliary device 20 is arranged at the output side on the right side of the material conveying device. The auxiliary device 20 includes:

[0147] An installation box 201 and a conveying plate 202. The right side of the conveying plate 202 is rotatably connected to the upper right side of the installation box 201;

[0148] A vertical partition 203, fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the installation box 201;

[0149] An eighth spring 204, with both ends fixedly connected to the upper end of the installation box 201 and the conveying plate 202 respectively;

[0150] A first guide block 205 and a second guide block 206, fixedly arranged at intervals left and right on the upper end of the installation box 201;

[0151] A third vertical guide rod 207, slidably penetrating through the first guide block 205 up and down;

[0152] A first connecting seat 208, fixedly connected to the middle of the third vertical guide rod;

[0153] A ninth spring, sleeved on the third vertical guide rod 207, with both ends of the ninth spring fixedly connected to the first connecting seat 208 and the first guide block 205 respectively;

[0154] A pushing block 209, fixedly connected to the lower end of the third vertical guide rod 207 and located inside the installation box 201. A sixth inclined surface with a higher left side and a lower right side is arranged at the lower end of the pushing block 209. The pushing block 209 is slidably connected to the vertical partition 203;

[0155] A third guide block 210, fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the installation box 201;

[0156] A horizontal guide rod 211, slidably penetrating through the third guide block 210 left and right. A connecting wheel 212 is arranged at the right end of the horizontal guide rod 211. The connecting wheel 212 cooperates with the sixth inclined surface;

[0157] The moving seat 213 is slidably connected left and right within the installation box 201, and the moving seat 213 is connected to or in contact with the left end of the horizontal guide rod 211;

[0158] The first housing 214 is fixedly connected to the vertical partition 203;

[0159] The first vertical sealing block 215 is sealingly and slidably connected to the first housing 214 in the left - right direction. The first housing 214 to the right of the first vertical sealing block 215 is the first liquid chamber, and the first liquid chamber is communicated with a spray head (which can be an atomizing spray head);

[0160] The first horizontal connecting rod 216 is fixedly connected to the first vertical sealing block 215, and the left end of the first horizontal connecting rod 216 penetrates through the left end of the first housing 214 and is fixedly connected to the moving seat 213;

[0161] The tenth spring 221 is sleeved on the first horizontal connecting rod 216, and both ends of the tenth spring 221 are fixedly connected to the first vertical sealing block 215 and the first housing 214 respectively;

[0162] The second vertical guide rod 217 is slidably penetrated through the second guide block 206 in the up - down direction;

[0163] The second housing 218 has a connecting bracket 219 fixedly connected to its lower end, and the connecting bracket 219 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the installation box 201;

[0164] The first horizontal sealing block 220 is sealingly and slidably connected to the second housing 218 in the up - down direction. The lower end of the second vertical guide rod 217 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first horizontal sealing block 220. The second housing 218 to the lower end of the first horizontal sealing block 220 is the second liquid chamber, and the second liquid chamber is communicated with a spray head (which can be an atomizing spray head);

[0165] The twelfth spring 222 is sleeved on the second vertical guide rod 217, and both ends of the twelfth spring 222 are fixedly connected to the second housing 218 and the first horizontal sealing block 220 respectively.

[0166] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: An auxiliary device 20 is provided at the output side on the right of the material conveying device (located inside the main tunneling machine 3, and a conveying cavity with only an inlet and an outlet can be provided inside the tunneling machine). The materials conveyed by the material conveying device, such as crushed rocks, fall onto the upper end of the conveying plate 202, and then are conveyed from the left-high and right-low conveying plate 202 to a collecting device or a secondary conveying device (the collecting device is located outside the main tunneling machine 3) on the right side of the installation box 201. Under the gravity of the materials, the conveying plate 202 pushes the second vertical guide rod 217 downward, so that the first horizontal sealing block 220 moves downward, pressing the liquid in the second liquid cavity into the corresponding nozzle for spraying, and a primary dust reduction treatment can be carried out above the conveying plate 202. Among them, both the first liquid cavity and the second liquid cavity can be connected to a water tank. Under the elastic force of the eleventh spring 222, when the first horizontal sealing block 220 moves upward, it is convenient for the water in the water tank to enter the second liquid cavity; under the gravity of the materials, the conveying plate 202 pushes the third vertical guide rod 207 downward, driving the pushing block 209 to move downward, thereby pushing the connecting wheel 212 and the horizontal guide rod 211 to move leftward, so that the horizontal guide rod 211 pushes the moving seat 213 to move leftward, and the moving seat 213 drives the first vertical sealing block 215 to move leftward, sucking the water in the water tank into the first liquid cavity. Under the reset action of the tenth spring 221 and the ninth spring, the first vertical sealing block 215 can be pushed to move rightward, so that the water in the first liquid cavity is sprayed out through the corresponding nozzle, realizing secondary dust reduction. At this time, dust reduction can be carried out even without the gravity of the materials. The above technical solution realizes automatic alternating dust reduction of two nozzles, and then collects the materials after dust reduction, avoiding harm to the human body at the collection place caused by dust.

[0167] Embodiment 7

[0168] On the basis of any one of Embodiments 1-6, it further includes: a speed detection device for detecting the flow rate / speed of the materials ejected by the water jet nozzle assembly; a first angle detection device for detecting the angle between the initial jet direction of the materials ejected by the water jet nozzle assembly and the rock (specifically, the angle with the surface of the rock to be sprayed); a second angle detection device for detecting the angle between the jet direction of the materials when the materials ejected by the water jet nozzle assembly contact the rock and the rock; a wind speed sensor for detecting the ambient wind speed; a controller and an alarm. The controller is electrically connected to the speed detection device, the first angle detection device, the second angle detection device, and the wind speed sensor. The controller controls the alarm to alarm based on the speed detection device, the first angle detection device, the second angle detection device, and the wind speed sensor, including: the controller controls the speed detection device, the first angle detection device, the second angle detection device, and the wind speed sensor to detect, and calculates the theoretical action radius of the jet of the water jet nozzle assembly on the rock according to the detection results and formula (1);

[0169]

[0170] wherein, R is the theoretical action radius of the jet of the water jet nozzle assembly on the rock, π takes the value of 3.14, ρ 1 is the density of the abrasive, v 1 is the detected value of the speed detection device, v 2 is the propagation speed of the stress wave generated by the jet in the rock; A is the Poisson's ratio of the abrasive material, B is the Poisson's ratio of the rock, W 1 is the elastic modulus of the abrasive material, W 2 is the elastic modulus of the rock, cos is the cosine, sin is the sine, θ 1 is the detected value of the first angle detection device; θ 2 is the detected value of the second angle detection device; e is the natural constant, v 3 is the detected value of the wind speed sensor, θ 3 is the included angle between the environmental wind direction and the initial jet direction of the material ejected from the water jet nozzle assembly; H is the radius of the water outlet of the water jet nozzle assembly;

[0171] Calculate the theoretical action volume V of the jet on the rock based on formula (2);

[0172]

[0173] wherein, ω is the internal friction angle of the rock; Q is the shear strength of the material ejected from the water jet nozzle assembly on the rock, M is the cohesion of the rock, tan is the tangent;

[0174] When the theoretical action volume V of the jet on the rock calculated by the formula (2) is less than the preset value, the controller controls the alarm to give an alarm.

[0175] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0176] Set: a speed detection device for detecting the flow rate / speed of the material ejected from the water jet nozzle assembly; a first angle detection device for detecting the included angle between the initial jet direction of the material ejected from the water jet nozzle assembly and the rock (specifically, the included angle with the surface of the rock to be sprayed); a second angle detection device for detecting the included angle between the material jet direction and the rock when the material ejected from the water jet nozzle assembly contacts the rock; a wind speed sensor for detecting the environmental wind speed; the controller controls the alarm to give an alarm based on the speed detection device, the first angle detection device, the second angle detection device, and the wind speed sensor;

[0177] Specifically, formula (1) calculates the theoretical action radius of the jet on the rock considering the parameters of the water jet nozzle assembly (the flow velocity / speed of the material ejected by the water jet nozzle assembly, the angle between the initial jet direction of the material ejected by the water jet nozzle assembly and the rock, the radius of the water outlet of the water jet nozzle assembly), environmental parameters (environmental wind speed, the angle between the environmental wind direction and the initial jet direction of the material ejected by the water jet nozzle assembly), abrasive parameters (abrasive density, Poisson's ratio of the abrasive material, elastic modulus of the abrasive material), and rock-related parameters (the propagation speed of the stress wave generated by the jet in the rock, the elastic modulus of the rock, the Poisson's ratio of the rock). Then, formula (2) further calculates the theoretical action volume V of the rock based on the internal friction angle of the rock, the shear strength of the material ejected by the water jet nozzle assembly on the rock, and the cohesion of the rock. When the theoretical action volume V of the jet on the rock calculated by formula (2) is less than a preset value, the controller controls the alarm to give an alarm, so as to give an alarm in time when the rock-breaking ability does not meet the requirements for easy adjustment.

[0178] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine, comprising a tunnel boring machine main body (3), a cutter head (1) and cutters (2), wherein the tunnel boring machine main body (3) is connected to the cutter head (1), and the cutters (2) are connected to the cutter head (1). It is characterized in that it further comprises: an atomized abrasive jet power system (9), and the atomized abrasive jet power system (9) includes: a high-pressure water jet pump station (902), an industrial atomization device (903), and a liquid high-pressure refrigerant container (901); an abrasive generator (610) and a multi-channel rotary joint (6). The abrasive generator (610) and the multi-channel rotary joint (6) are both installed in the cutter head (1). The multi-channel rotary joint (6) is connected to the output end of the atomized abrasive jet power system (9) and the input end of the abrasive generator (610). The output end of the abrasive generator (610) is connected to a water jet nozzle assembly (8), and the water jet nozzle assembly (8) is connected to the cutter head (1); the multi-channel rotary joint (6) includes: an external fixed body (601) and a central rotary body (608). The central rotary body (608) is installed in a circular cavity inside the external fixed body (601) in a penetrating and rotatable manner, and a front cover plate (603) is installed on the front side of the external fixed body (601); the abrasive generator (610) includes: an abrasive generator tank body (61008). The abrasive generator tank body (61008) is provided with a liquid coolant injection port (61006), an atomizing gas injection port (61002), and a liquid coolant injection channel (61003). A plurality of the liquid coolant injection ports (61006) are arranged on the liquid coolant injection channel (61003). The outlet end of the abrasive generator tank body (61008) is connected with an abrasive output pipeline (61001); a high-pressure water pipeline (605) and a liquid refrigerant pipeline (606) are concentrically and fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the central rotary body (608). The input end of the high-pressure water pipeline (605) is connected with a high-pressure union (604). One side of the high-pressure union (604) is connected to a high-pressure water input pipeline (6051) inside the tunnel boring machine main body (3). The high-pressure water input pipeline (6051) is connected to the high-pressure water jet pump station (902). The output end of the high-pressure water pipeline (605) is connected with a plurality of high-pressure water distribution channels (6052). The output end of the high-pressure water distribution channel (6052) is connected with a high-pressure water outlet interface (6053). The high-pressure water outlet interface (6053) is communicated with the water jet nozzle assembly (8) through a high-pressure water output pipeline (612); A refrigerant swivel joint is installed outside the liquid refrigerant pipeline (606). The liquid refrigerant pipeline (606) is connected to the refrigerant swivel joint (6064). The refrigerant swivel joint (6064) is connected to the first liquid refrigerant input pipeline (6061). The first liquid refrigerant input pipeline (6061) is connected to the liquid high-pressure refrigerant container (901). The liquid refrigerant pipeline (606) is divided into multiple refrigerant branch ports on the outlet side of the central rotating body (608). The refrigerant branch ports are connected to the liquid coolant injection port (61006) of the abrasive generator (610) through the second liquid refrigerant input pipeline (6063). A number of channel openings are correspondingly provided on the external fixing body (601) and the central rotating body. The channel openings communicate the working medium channel (6081) on the central rotating body (608) and the outside of the external fixing body (601). The working medium channel (6081) includes a water mist channel. The communication port connected by the water mist channel is connected to the output end of the industrial atomizing device (903) through the water mist pipeline (609). The water mist channel is connected to the atomizing gas input pipeline (61005) through the water mist output pipeline (6091). The atomizing gas input pipeline (61005) is connected to the atomizing gas injection port (61002) of the abrasive generator (610). All ends of the outlet of the abrasive generator (610) are connected to the abrasive conveying pipeline (611) of the water jet nozzle assembly (8).

2. A water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of abrasive generators (610) are evenly distributed around the axis of the multi-channel swivel joint (6). The high-pressure water output pipeline (612), the abrasive conveying pipeline (611), and the water mist output pipeline (6091) are all multiple.

3. A water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid coolant injection channel (61003) is an annular channel, and the liquid coolant injection port (61006) adopts an "eight"-shaped arrangement orientation.

4. A water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arrangement position of the water jet nozzle assembly (8) on the cutter head (1) is determined according to the cut seam arrangement. The water jet outlet pressure of the high-pressure water jet pump station (902) is greater than or equal to 100 MPa.

5. A water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water jet nozzle assembly (8) includes: A first mounting seat (81), which is mounted on the mounting groove of the cutter head (1). A; is provided inside the first mounting seat (81). A first cavity (82) and a second cavity (83), which are arranged at intervals up and down, and third cavities (84) are provided on both the left and right sides of the upper end of the first cavity (82). Two first horizontal rotating shafts are rotatably connected in the second cavity (83) at left and right intervals. The first horizontal rotating shafts are arranged in the front-rear direction. First gears (85) are arranged on the first horizontal rotating shafts. At least one first horizontal rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a first driving device arranged in the second cavity (83). A second mounting seat (86) is slidably connected in the second cavity (83). Two rack cavities (87) are arranged at left and right intervals in the second mounting seat (86). The racks on the inner sides of the two rack cavities (87) are respectively engaged with the two first gears (85). A first vertical spray head mounting rod (88). A first spray head is mounted at the upper end of the first vertical spray head mounting rod (88). The first spray head is connected to the output end of the abrasive generator (610). The lower part of the first vertical spray head mounting rod (88) is fixedly connected to the second mounting seat (86). The upper end of the first vertical spray head mounting rod (88) penetrates through the upper end of the first mounting seat (81). Two fourth cavities (89) are arranged in the second mounting seat (86) and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the first vertical spray head mounting rod (88). The lower ends of two first vertical guide rods (811) both slidably penetrate through the lower end of the second mounting seat (86) and are then fixedly connected to a first horizontal connecting plate (812). The upper ends of the first vertical guide rods (811) slidably penetrate into the fourth cavities (89). Two first connecting blocks (810) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two first vertical guide rods (811). A first inclined surface is arranged at the upper end of the first connecting block (810). Two second connecting blocks (813) are respectively slidably connected left and right in the two fourth cavities (89). A second inclined surface is arranged at the lower end of the second connecting block (813). The first inclined surface is in contact and cooperation with the second inclined surface. Two first horizontal moving rods (814) are respectively fixedly connected to the two second connecting blocks (813). A sealing slider is fixedly connected to the side of the first horizontal moving rod (814) close to the first vertical spray head mounting rod (88). The inside of the first vertical spray head mounting rod (88) is hollow, and a second through hole is arranged at the position corresponding to the sealing slider. The sealing slider is slidably and sealingly connected in the corresponding second through hole. A first spring (815) is fixedly connected between the second connecting block (813) and the inner wall of the fourth cavity (89). A second spring (816) has its two ends respectively fixedly connected to the first horizontal connecting plate (812) and the lower end of the second mounting seat (86).

6. According to the water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the water jet spray head assembly (8) further comprises: a rack block (817) fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the first vertical spray head mounting rod (88) and located in the first cavity (82); two second gears (818) at left and right intervals are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first cavity (82) through a shaft in the front-rear direction, and the two second gears (818) are respectively engaged with the left and right sides of the rack block (817). Two second vertical nozzle mounting rods (819) are both provided with meshing racks, and the meshing racks of the two second vertical nozzle mounting rods (819) are respectively meshed with the two second gears (818). A second nozzle device is mounted at the upper end of the second vertical nozzle mounting rod (819).

7. A water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, wherein, it further comprises: A second nozzle device, the second nozzle device comprising: An L-shaped connecting frame (820), the upper end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped connecting frame (820) is fixedly connected with a first vertical connecting shaft; A water outlet seat (821), including an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder. The inner cylinder is sealingly rotatably connected in the outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the first vertical connecting shaft. The main water outlet cavity (823) is inside the inner cylinder. A plurality of auxiliary water inlet cavities (824) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the periphery of the main water outlet cavity (823) on the water outlet seat (821). The auxiliary water inlet cavities (824) are located between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. A plurality of first communication holes (825) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the periphery of the inner cylinder. The auxiliary water inlet cavities (824) are provided with second communication holes corresponding to and communicating with the first communication holes (825). The upper end of the main water outlet cavity (823) is connected with a water outlet nozzle. The inner cylinder is driven to rotate by a second driving device, and the outer cylinder is driven to rotate by a third driving device; A driving block (822), fixedly connected to the inner side of the vertical section of the L-shaped connecting frame (820). An arc-shaped block (829) is fixedly connected to the side of the driving block (822) close to the water outlet seat (821); A plurality of adjusting components, corresponding to the plurality of auxiliary water inlet cavities (824) one by one; The adjusting component includes: A second horizontal moving rod (827), arranged along the radial direction of the main water outlet cavity (823). The second horizontal moving rod (827) slidably penetrates through the outer wall of the water outlet seat (821) and the auxiliary water inlet cavity (824); An adjusting plate (828), fixedly connected to the second horizontal moving rod (827); A third spring (826), with two ends respectively fixedly connected to the adjusting plate (828) and the auxiliary water inlet cavity (824), or with two ends respectively fixedly connected to the part of the second horizontal moving rod (827) outside the water outlet seat (821) and the outer wall of the water outlet seat (821).

8. A water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, wherein, An installation device (10) is further fixedly connected to the cutter head (1). The installation device (10) includes: A third mounting seat (101), fixedly connected to the cutter head (1); Mounting bracket (102), for being mounted into the mounting cavity within the third mounting seat (101), the mounting bracket (102) comprising: a vertical mounting section (1022), a boss (1021) being mounted in the middle of the vertical mounting section (1022), third inclined surfaces being symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the boss (1021), the lower end of the vertical mounting section (1022) being located within a spring cavity in the third mounting seat (101), a fourth spring (104) being arranged between the lower end of the spring cavity and the lower end of the vertical mounting section (1022) within the spring cavity; a mounting block (1023), fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical mounting section (1022), limiting grooves (106) being symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the mounting block (1023), the mounting block (1023) being fixedly connected to the device to be mounted; Two groups of left - and - right symmetric first connection components, located on the left and right sides of the mounting seat; Two groups of left - and - right symmetric second connection components, located on the left and right sides of the mounting seat and below the first connection components; The first connection component comprises: a first moving block (103), being slidably connected left - and - right within the third mounting seat (101), the upper end of the first moving block (103) penetrating through the upper end of the third mounting seat (101); a fifth spring (105), with two ends respectively fixedly connected to the first moving block (103) and the inner wall of the third mounting seat (101); a first limiting block (107), fixedly connected to the upper end of the first moving block (103), one end of the first limiting block (107) close to the limiting groove (106) being used for snap - fitting or plug - in cooperation with the limiting groove (106); The second connection component comprises: A fifth cavity (108), a sixth cavity (109), and a seventh cavity (110), being arranged at intervals up and down, and the upper end of the sixth cavity (109) being communicated with the lower end of the fifth cavity (108), the lower end of the sixth cavity (109) being communicated with the upper end of the seventh cavity (110); A second moving block (111), being slidably connected left - and - right within the fifth cavity (108), a third inclined surface being arranged on one side of the second moving block (111) close to the second inclined surface, the third inclined surface cooperating with the second inclined surface, a sixth spring (112) being fixedly connected between the second moving block (111) and the inner wall of the fifth cavity (108), a fourth inclined surface being arranged on the side of the second moving block (111) away from the second inclined surface; A third moving block (113), being slidably connected up - and - down within the sixth cavity (109) and having its upper end penetrating into the fifth cavity (108), a fifth inclined surface being arranged at the upper end of the third moving block (113), the fourth inclined surface cooperating with the fifth inclined surface, an eleventh spring (114) being fixedly connected between the third moving block (113) and the inner wall of the sixth cavity (109); A second limiting block (115), fixedly connected to the lower end of the third moving block (113); The fixed block (116) is slidably connected left and right in the seventh cavity (110). An installation groove for mating and clamping or inserting with the second limiting block (115) is provided at the upper end of the fixed block (116). One end of the fixed block (116) close to the vertical installation section (1022) penetrates through the seventh cavity (110). A seventh spring (117) is fixedly connected between the fixed block (116) and the inner wall of the seventh cavity (110). The pulley mounting block (118) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the installation cavity. Two groups of fixed pulleys (119) are installed in the pulley mounting block (118). The connecting pull rope (120) is wound between the two groups of fixed pulleys (119). The two ends of the connecting pull rope (120) are respectively fixedly connected to the second moving block (111) and the fixed block (116).

9. A water jet assisted rock breaking tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main tunneling machine (3) is connected with a material conveying device. An auxiliary device (20) is arranged at the output side on the right side of the material conveying device. The auxiliary device (20) includes: An installation box (201) and a conveying plate (202). The right side of the conveying plate (202) is rotatably connected to the upper right side of the installation box (201). A vertical partition plate (203) is fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the installation box (201). An eighth spring (204) has two ends respectively fixedly connected to the upper end of the installation box (201) and the conveying plate (202). A first guiding block (205) and a second guiding block (206) are fixedly arranged at intervals left and right on the upper end of the installation box (201). A third vertical guide rod (207) is slidably penetrated up and down through the first guiding block (205). A first connecting seat (208) is fixedly connected to the middle of the third vertical guide rod (207). A ninth spring is sleeved on the third vertical guide rod (207). The two ends of the ninth spring are respectively fixedly connected to the first connecting seat (208) and the first guiding block (205). A pushing block (209) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the third vertical guide rod (207) and is located inside the installation box (201). The lower end of the pushing block (209) is provided with a sixth inclined surface that is higher on the left and lower on the right. The pushing block (209) is slidably connected to the vertical partition plate (203). A third guiding block (210) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the installation box (201). A horizontal guide rod (211) is slidably penetrated left and right through the third guiding block (210). A connecting wheel (212) is arranged at the right end of the horizontal guide rod (211). The connecting wheel (212) cooperates with the sixth inclined surface. A moving seat (213) is slidably connected left and right inside the installation box (201). The moving seat (213) is connected or in contact with the left end of the horizontal guide rod (211). A first housing (214) is fixedly connected to the vertical partition plate (203). The first vertical sealing block (215) is sealingly and slidably connected to the first housing (214) in the left-right direction. The first housing (214) is located at the right end of the first vertical sealing block (215) to form a first liquid chamber, and the first liquid chamber is communicated with a spray head. The first horizontal connecting rod (216) is fixedly connected to the first vertical sealing block (215), and the left end of the first horizontal connecting rod (216) penetrates through the left end of the first housing (214) and is fixedly connected to the moving seat (213). The tenth spring (221) is sleeved on the first horizontal connecting rod (216), and both ends of the tenth spring (221) are fixedly connected to the first vertical sealing block (215) and the first housing (214) respectively. The second vertical guide rod (217) is slidably and vertically penetrated through the second guide block (206). The second housing (218) is fixedly connected to a connecting bracket (219) at the lower end, and the connecting bracket (219) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the installation box (201). The first horizontal sealing block (220) is sealingly and slidably connected to the second housing (218) in the up-down direction. The lower end of the second vertical guide rod (217) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first horizontal sealing block (220). The second housing (218) is located at the lower end of the first horizontal sealing block (220) to form a second liquid chamber, and the second liquid chamber is communicated with a spray head. The twelfth spring (222) is sleeved on the second vertical guide rod (217), and both ends of the twelfth spring (222) are fixedly connected to the second housing (218) and the first horizontal sealing block (220) respectively.

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