Array antenna determination method, device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present invention provides a method, device, and electronic device for determining an array antenna. The method comprises: determining a first target reflection coefficient for each radiating element comprising the array antenna based on pre-acquired array antenna design indicators; determining a model structure for each radiating element based on the first target reflection coefficient; extracting the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from simulation results of the model structure of the specified radiating element; determining a second target reflection coefficient for each stage of power splitters comprising the array antenna according to a preset calculation method; determining a model structure for each stage of power splitters based on the second target reflection coefficient; and determining the array antenna based on each radiating element and each stage of power splitters after the structures are determined. This method reduces design time and improves design efficiency by simplifying the complex array antenna design into a model structure design for the radiating elements based on the determined design indicators and a model structure design for each stage of power splitters constituting a parallel feed network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of array antennas, and in particular to a method, device and electronic equipment for determining an array antenna. Background Art

[0002] Wideband, high-gain, fixed-beam, large-scale array antennas powered by passive feed networks are crucial components for improving the transmission rate and reducing the size of communication systems. Currently, the most commonly used design approach for large-scale array antennas is to design and simulate the array's radiating elements and feed network separately, then combine them together and adjust the overall structure's parameters to meet design requirements. However, this integrated approach to adjusting array parameters inevitably increases computing resource requirements as the array scale increases, resulting in significant resource consumption, increased computational time, and reduced design efficiency. In the implementation of large-scale, wideband, high-gain fixed-beam array antennas, air waveguide transmission lines are often used as the feed network structure because they lack dielectric loss to limit array gain. Radiating element structures with stable wideband radiation characteristics and a wideband feed network are key components of large-scale, wideband, high-gain fixed-beam arrays. To broaden the matching bandwidth of the waveguide power splitter network and improve the broadband characteristics of the antenna, researchers have conducted a number of studies on the bandwidth broadening of different types of power splitter structures that constitute the feed network. This has increased the operating bandwidth of the waveguide power splitter to approximately 60%. However, it is difficult to further improve the bandwidth broadening of large-scale arrays by improving the performance of the power splitter. In summary, in order to further break through the design bottleneck of high-gain fixed-beam large-scale array antennas, an efficient and convenient theoretical design method for large-scale array antennas is proposed. Based on the proposed method, the feed and radiation structures that can be used to constitute the array antenna are designed to meet the design requirements. This is very necessary for realizing high-gain fixed-beam large-scale air waveguide array antennas with broadband, high gain, good and stable radiation characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a method, device and electronic equipment for determining an array antenna, so as to reduce design time and improve design efficiency.

[0004] The present invention provides a method for determining an array antenna, the method comprising: determining a first target reflection coefficient of each radiating unit constituting the array antenna based on pre-acquired array antenna design indicators; determining a model structure of each radiating unit based on the first target reflection coefficient; wherein the model structure of each radiating unit is the same; extracting the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from simulation results of the model structure of the specified radiating unit; determining a second target reflection coefficient of each stage of power dividers constituting the array antenna according to a preset calculation method based on the amplitude and phase; determining the model structure of each stage of power dividers based on the second target reflection coefficient; and determining the array antenna based on each radiating unit after the structure is determined and each stage of power dividers after the structure is determined.

[0005] Furthermore, based on the pre-acquired array antenna design indicators, the step of determining the first target reflection coefficient of each radiating unit constituting the array antenna includes: determining the operating frequency band and array scale of the array antenna based on the pre-acquired array antenna design indicators; based on the operating frequency band and array scale, determining the unit spacing between each radiating unit and the waveguide size of each level of power divider constituting the array antenna; based on the unit spacing, waveguide size, and the pre-acquired reflection coefficient threshold and resonance depth of each level of power divider, determining the first target reflection coefficient of each radiating unit constituting the array antenna according to a preset first calculation formula.

[0006] Furthermore, the step of extracting the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from the simulation results of the model structure of the specified radiation unit includes: receiving a simulation instruction for the model structure of the specified radiation unit to simulate the model structure of the specified radiation unit to obtain the simulation results of the model structure of the specified radiation unit; wherein the simulation results include the first reflection coefficient of the model structure of the specified radiation unit; judging whether the first reflection coefficient matches the first target reflection coefficient; if not, repeating the step of determining the model structure of each radiation unit based on the first target reflection coefficient to obtain the model structure of the specified radiation unit corresponding to the first reflection coefficient that matches the first target reflection coefficient; if they match, extracting the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from the simulation results of the model structure of the specified radiation unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the step of determining the model structure of each stage of the power splitter based on the second target reflection coefficient includes: receiving a simulation instruction for the model structure of the specified power splitter to simulate the model structure of the specified power splitter to obtain a simulation result of the model structure of the specified power splitter; wherein the simulation result includes the second reflection coefficient of the model structure of the specified power splitter; judging whether the second reflection coefficient matches the second target reflection coefficient; if not, repeating the step of determining the model structure of each stage of the power splitter based on the second target reflection coefficient to obtain the model structure of the specified power splitter corresponding to the second reflection coefficient matching the second target reflection coefficient; and determining the model structure of each stage of the power splitter according to the model structure of the specified power splitter.

[0008] Furthermore, the second target reflection coefficient includes at least: the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point and the resonance bandwidth; the step of determining whether the second reflection coefficient matches the second target reflection coefficient includes: based on the simulation results of the model structure of the specified power divider, determining whether the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point and the resonance bandwidth in the second reflection coefficient match the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point and the resonance bandwidth in the second target reflection coefficient.

[0009] Furthermore, the pre-acquired array antenna design indicators include a third target reflection coefficient; based on each radiating unit after the structure is determined and each level of power divider after the structure is determined, the step of determining the array antenna includes: simulating the array antenna to obtain a simulation result of the array antenna; wherein the simulation result includes a third reflection coefficient of the array antenna; determining whether the third reflection coefficient matches the third target reflection coefficient; if not, repeating the step of determining the model structure of each level of power divider based on the second target reflection coefficient to obtain a specified array antenna corresponding to the third reflection coefficient that matches the third target reflection coefficient.

[0010] Furthermore, the model structure of each radiating unit includes: a preset number of horn radiating units, the same number of first short straight waveguide units as the horn radiating units, a common air feeding cavity unit, and a second short straight waveguide unit; wherein, the common air feeding cavity unit also includes a pair of first triangular diaphragms and a pair of second triangular diaphragms; the common air feeding cavity unit is arranged above the second short straight waveguide unit, and a preset number of first short straight waveguide units are arranged in an array form above the common air feeding cavity unit, and each horn radiating unit is respectively arranged above each first short straight waveguide unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the model structure of each stage of the power divider includes: a third short straight waveguide unit and a fourth short straight waveguide unit; wherein the fourth short straight waveguide unit is connected to the third short straight waveguide unit in a T-shaped manner; the fourth short straight waveguide unit also includes a pair of first diaphragms and a pair of second diaphragms; the third short straight waveguide unit also includes a matching diaphragm; there is a symmetrical first capacitive height difference between the first output port and the second output port of the third short straight waveguide unit, and there is a second capacitive height difference at the connection between the third short straight waveguide unit and the fourth short straight waveguide unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the first output port or the second output port of the model structure of the final-stage power divider is also connected to a transfer structure; a second short straight waveguide unit is arranged above the transfer structure, and each radiation unit is connected through the second short straight waveguide unit; the transfer structure includes: a fifth short straight waveguide unit, wherein the fifth short straight waveguide unit also includes a gradient structure, a third diaphragm, and a third triangular diaphragm; there is a third capacitive height difference between the fifth short straight waveguide unit and the second short straight waveguide unit.

[0013] The present invention provides a determination device for an array antenna, which includes: a first determination module, used to determine a first target reflection coefficient of each radiating unit constituting the array antenna based on pre-acquired array antenna design indicators; a second determination module, used to determine a model structure of each radiating unit based on the first target reflection coefficient; wherein the model structure of each radiating unit is the same; an extraction module, used to extract the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from simulation results of the model structure of a specified radiating unit; a third determination module, used to determine the second target reflection coefficient of each stage of power splitters constituting the array antenna according to a preset calculation method based on the amplitude and phase; a fourth determination module, used to determine the model structure of each stage of power splitters based on the second target reflection coefficient; and a fifth determination module, used to determine the array antenna based on each radiating unit after the structure is determined and each stage of power splitters after the structure is determined.

[0014] The present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the processor executes the computer-executable instructions to implement any of the above-mentioned methods for determining an array antenna.

[0015] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are called and executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions prompt the processor to implement any of the above-mentioned methods for determining an array antenna.

[0016] The present invention provides a method, device, and electronic device for determining an array antenna. The method comprises: determining a first target reflection coefficient for each radiating element constituting the array antenna based on pre-acquired array antenna design indicators; determining a model structure for each radiating element based on the first target reflection coefficient; the model structure of each radiating element being identical; extracting the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from simulation results of the model structure of a specified radiating element; determining a second target reflection coefficient for each stage of power splitters constituting the array antenna according to a preset calculation method; determining the model structure of each stage of power splitters based on the second target reflection coefficient; and determining the array antenna based on each radiating element and each stage of power splitters after the structures are determined. This method reduces design time and improves design efficiency by simplifying the complex array antenna design into a model structure design of the radiating elements based on the determined design indicators and a model structure design of the power splitters constituting the parallel feed network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for determining an array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a large-scale array antenna topology structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A flowchart of another method for determining an array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 Another array antenna design flow chart provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 An S-parameter curve of a power divider calculated using an optimization algorithm provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 An S-parameter simulation curve diagram of a model structure of a power divider provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 An S-parameter simulation curve diagram of an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8A three-dimensional structural diagram of an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 A layered structure diagram of an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a model structure of a radiation unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 A side view of a model structure of a radiation unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 A three-dimensional structural diagram of an air waveguide feeding network provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 13 A top view of an air waveguide feeding network provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 14 A bottom view of an air waveguide feeding network provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 15 A right side view of an air waveguide feeding network provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 16 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a switching structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 17 A right side view of a switching structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 18 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a waveguide power splitter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 19 A top view of a waveguide power splitter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 20 A three-dimensional structural diagram of another waveguide power splitter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 21 A schematic structural diagram of a device for determining an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 22 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions of the present invention are clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] High-gain fixed-beam large-scale array antennas fed by passive feed networks are core components in point-to-point wireless communication systems. They are widely used in application scenarios such as wireless backhaul between long-distance base stations, indoor wireless access, and wireless data transmission for the industrial Internet. In point-to-point communication systems, existing technical solutions usually use multiple antennas to cover multiple operating frequency bands, and the total physical aperture occupied by multiple antennas is relatively large.

[0042] To further increase the transmission rate of communication systems, antennas with wideband characteristics are crucial for improving communication system performance. Furthermore, the use of wideband array antennas can significantly reduce the size of communication systems. For example, for millimeter-wave point-to-point wireless communication applications, internationally designated frequency bands include 57-66 GHz, 71-76 GHz, 81-86 GHz, and 92-95 GHz. To simultaneously cover these communication bands, using a large-scale array antenna with a 50% relative bandwidth can significantly reduce the total physical aperture of the integrated antennas.

[0043] In terms of array antenna design methods, current research methods mainly rely on electromagnetic simulation software for full-wave simulation calculations. As the scale of the array increases, the demand for computing resources is bound to increase significantly. Achieving the wide-band characteristics of large-scale arrays through simulation optimization of structural parameters will obviously consume a lot of computing resources and increase computing time costs.

[0044] The implementation of large-scale, broadband, high-gain, fixed-beam antenna arrays often requires the use of radiating element structures with stable broadband radiation characteristics and broadband passive feed networks. While microstrip feed networks can extend the array's impedance matching bandwidth, these microstrip structures are often based on dielectric substrates, where dielectric losses significantly reduce the array's gain. Broadband feed networks using gapped-ridge waveguide structures also have relatively low power capacity. Rectangular waveguides have high power capacity. To broaden the matching bandwidth of waveguide power divider networks and enhance the antenna's broadband characteristics, researchers have conducted numerous studies on bandwidth expansion of various power divider structures that comprise the feed network. These efforts have resulted in increasing the operating bandwidth of waveguide power dividers to approximately 60%. However, further improvement in the bandwidth of large-scale array antennas is difficult to achieve simply by improving the performance of the power dividers.

[0045] In summary, in order to further break through the design bottleneck of high-gain fixed-beam large-scale array antennas, a method for determining array antennas is proposed to reduce design time and improve design efficiency.

[0046] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, a method for determining an array antenna disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention is first described in detail. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0047] Step S102: determining a first target reflection coefficient of each radiating element constituting the array antenna based on pre-acquired array antenna design indicators.

[0048] In the specific implementation process, the above-mentioned array antenna is generally a large-scale array antenna with a wide band, high gain and fixed beam fed by a passive parallel feeding network. The design indicators of the above-mentioned array antenna may include the operating frequency, antenna gain, operating bandwidth, etc. The above-mentioned radiating unit (terminal load) is the basic component of the antenna, which can transmit or receive radio waves. It has various forms, such as horns and slots. In actual implementation, the design indicators of the array antenna can be obtained in advance, and then the first target reflection coefficient of each radiating unit is determined according to the design indicators to design the array antenna.

[0049] Step S104: determining the model structure of each radiation unit based on the first target reflection coefficient; wherein the model structure of each radiation unit is the same.

[0050] The planar topology of the large-scale array antenna targeted by the present invention can be as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the large-scale array antenna is composed of 2m×2n radiating elements 1 (terminal loads) and a parallel feeding network composed of m+n-level 1-to-2 power splitters 2 connected in parallel (m≥n). The radiating element 1 is generally connected to the end of the parallel feeding network. Figure 2 The radiation unit 1 shown in the figure is only a schematic diagram, and its structural form is not limited to one type of radiation unit form. Specifically, it can be a single monomer radiation structure (such as a horn radiation monomer unit structure), or it can be a patch antenna unit, a magnetoelectric dipole antenna unit, a cavity-backed antenna unit, etc., or it can be a radiation structure composed of multiple monomer radiation units.

[0051] In actual implementation, the model structure of each radiation element in the array antenna to be designed is the same. After determining the first target reflection coefficient of the radiation element in step S102, the model structure of the radiation element can be determined.

[0052] Step S106: extracting the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from the simulation results of the model structure of the designated radiation unit.

[0053] In actual implementation, the model structure of the above-mentioned specified radiation unit can be understood as the model structure of the radiation unit that meets the first target reflection coefficient. Specifically, the electromagnetic full-wave simulation method can be used to verify whether the model structure of the radiation unit determined in step S104 meets the first target reflection coefficient. If so, the amplitude and phase of the model structure of the radiation unit are extracted.

[0054] Step S108 : Based on the amplitude and phase, a second target reflection coefficient of each stage of the power divider constituting the array antenna is determined in a preset calculation method.

[0055] Step S110: determining a model structure of each stage of power splitter based on the second target reflection coefficient.

[0056] Step S112: determining an array antenna based on each radiation unit after the structure is determined and each level of power divider after the structure is determined.

[0057] In the specific implementation process, after determining the first target reflection coefficient, an optimization algorithm can be used to calculate the second target reflection coefficient of each stage of the power divider, and a model structure of each stage of the power divider that meets the second target reflection coefficient can be designed; it should be noted that due to the differences in the waveguide lengths of the power dividers at each stage and the possible differences in the second target reflection coefficients of the power dividers at each stage, the model structures of the power dividers at each stage are different.

[0058] Finally, the power dividers of each stage having the model structure of each stage are cascaded to form a parallel feeding network, and the radiating elements of the model structure having the radiating elements are combined with the parallel feeding network to complete the final array antenna design.

[0059] The above-mentioned method for determining an array antenna determines a first target reflection coefficient for each radiating element comprising the array antenna based on pre-acquired array antenna design indicators; determines a model structure for each radiating element based on the first target reflection coefficient; the model structure of each radiating element is identical; extracts the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from simulation results of the model structure of the specified radiating element; determines a second target reflection coefficient for each stage of power dividers comprising the array antenna according to a preset calculation method; determines the model structure of each stage of power dividers based on the second target reflection coefficient; and determines the array antenna based on each radiating element and each stage of power dividers after the structures are determined. This method reduces design time and improves design efficiency by simplifying the complex array antenna design into a model structure design of the radiating elements based on the determined design indicators and a model structure design of the power dividers at each stage of the parallel feed network.

[0060] The embodiment of the present invention also provides another method for determining an array antenna, which is implemented based on the method of the above embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0061] Step S202: Determine the operating frequency band and array size of the array antenna based on the pre-acquired array antenna design indicators.

[0062] In the specific implementation process, see Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a large-scale array antenna topology is shown in FIG. Figure 2 The radiation unit 1 in the equation refers to a type of structure connected to the end of the feed network, which is composed of one or more structures. It is not limited to a single radiation unit or a combination of multiple single radiation units, but may also include corresponding coupled feeding or direct feeding structures. As a terminal load, its reflection coefficient corresponds to the reflection coefficient calculation formula (1) of the single reflection model Γ L .

[0063] In order to facilitate the description of the composition of large-scale array antennas, the unit spacing in the dimensional direction of 2m and 2n radiating elements 1 is specified as dm and dn respectively. The entire feeding network has a total of m+n levels of 1-to-2 power splitters. The power splitter directly connected to the radiating element 1 is the m+nth level 1-to-2 power splitter. The corresponding node is named Tm+n. The reflection coefficient at this node is Γ m+n , the transmission coefficient is Tr m+n , and so on for other reflection nodes until the first reflection node T1. The power dividers of each level are connected in sequence to form a parallel feeding network model that can connect 2m×2n radiation units 1. The path length between adjacent nodes is named li, and the corresponding calculation formula is shown in (3). The total path length from the first reflection node T1 to the i-th reflection node Ti is Li, and the corresponding calculation formula is shown in (5).

[0064]

[0065] The above formula (1) is a calculation formula for the reflection coefficient of the single reflection model. Specifically, the formula (1) can be obtained according to the following formulas (2)-(5), where Γ in is the reflection coefficient of the array antenna, Γ1 is the reflection coefficient of the first-stage power divider at the first node, Γ i is the reflection coefficient of the i-th level power divider at the i-th node, Tr i-1 is the transmission coefficient of the i-1th level power divider at the i-1th node, Tr i is the transmission coefficient of the i-th level power divider at the i-th node, Γ L is the reflection coefficient of each radiation element 1.

[0066] θ i =βL i Formula (2)

[0067] Where θ is the phase, β is the phase shift constant, and L is the total path length between the i-th reflection nodes Ti.

[0068]

[0069] Tr i =1+Γ i Formula (4)

[0070] L i =l i +l i-1 ,L0=0 formula (5)

[0071] Step S204: Based on the operating frequency band and the array size, determine the unit spacing between each radiating unit and the waveguide size of each stage of the power divider constituting the array antenna.

[0072] To further understand this embodiment, Figure 4 The following flowchart illustrates the present application. First, based on the design specifications, the operating frequency band and array size of the large-scale array antenna are selected. The inter-element spacing (dm) and inter-element spacing (dn) between the radiating elements 1, as well as the dimensions of the waveguide structure (equivalent to the waveguide dimensions of each power divider in the array antenna) are calculated.

[0073] Step S206 , based on the unit spacing, waveguide size, and the pre-acquired reflection coefficient threshold and resonance depth of each stage of the power divider, a first target reflection coefficient of each radiating element constituting the array antenna is determined according to a preset first calculation formula.

[0074] The reflection coefficient threshold and resonance depth of each power divider can be obtained in advance based on limited experiments. In actual implementation, the waveguide size, unit spacing (dm and dn), array size (2m×2n), and the reflection coefficient threshold 31 (maximum reflection coefficient) and resonance depth 32 of each power divider can be used as initial conditions. Then, the frequency points at which the reflection coefficient of the large-scale array antenna is large are estimated according to the single reflection model reflection coefficient calculation formula (1). If the reflection coefficient of the power divider is in a small state at the frequency points where these high reflection coefficients are generated (corresponding to the resonance depth 32 given by the initial conditions, that is, the lowest point of the reflection coefficient), in order to ensure that the reflection coefficients of these frequency points that limit the bandwidth expansion of the large-scale array antenna still meet the design requirements, such as |S11| less than -10dB, VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) less than 2, etc., the reflection coefficient Γ of each radiating element 1 can be calculated by combining the given initial conditions and the single reflection model reflection coefficient calculation formula (1). L (First target reflection coefficient).

[0075] Step S208: determining the model structure of each radiation unit based on the first target reflection coefficient; wherein the model structure of each radiation unit is the same.

[0076] The reflection coefficient Γ of the radiation unit 1 is L The reflection coefficient threshold 31 (maximum reflection coefficient) of the model structure of the radiation unit to be designed is used to further design the model structure (terminal load structure) of the radiation unit.

[0077] Step S210, receiving a simulation instruction for the model structure of the specified radiation unit to simulate the model structure of the specified radiation unit to obtain a simulation result of the model structure of the specified radiation unit; wherein the simulation result includes a first reflection coefficient of the model structure of the specified radiation unit.

[0078] Step S212: Determine whether the first reflection coefficient matches the first target reflection coefficient.

[0079] In step S214, if there is no match, the step of determining the model structure of each radiation unit based on the first target reflection coefficient is repeated to obtain the model structure of the specified radiation unit corresponding to the first reflection coefficient that matches the first target reflection coefficient.

[0080] Step S216: If there is a match, extract the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from the simulation results of the model structure of the designated radiation unit.

[0081] In the specific implementation process, the electromagnetic full-wave simulation method can be used to verify whether the performance (first reflection coefficient) of the model structure of the designed radiation unit meets the design requirements (whether it matches the first target reflection coefficient). If not, the model structure of the radiation unit needs to be readjusted until it meets the design requirements (matches the first target reflection coefficient). If it meets the design requirements, the reflection coefficient Γ of the model structure of the designed radiation unit is directly extracted. L (first reflection coefficient) amplitude and phase information.

[0082] Step S218: Based on the amplitude and phase, a second target reflection coefficient of each stage of the power divider constituting the array antenna is determined according to a preset calculation method.

[0083] In specific implementation, the reflection coefficient Γ of the model structure of the designed radiation unit 1 can be extracted L The amplitude and phase information of the (first reflection coefficient) are substituted into the reflection coefficient calculation formula (1) of the first reflection model, and the working bandwidth of the array is set as the optimization target according to the design index requirements (for example, in the working frequency range of 26-40 GHz, the reflection coefficient of the input port of the large-scale array antenna |Γ in|<-10dB), an optimization method is used to calculate the reflection coefficient of each level of the power splitter constituting the feed network (equivalent to the second target reflection coefficient). Specifically, an optimization algorithm (including but not limited to genetic algorithm, differential evolution algorithm, co-evolution algorithm, distribution estimation algorithm, etc.) can be used to obtain the reflection coefficient Γ of the power splitter i ( Figure 5 S-parameter curve in ).

[0084] Step S220: determining a model structure of each stage of the power splitter based on the second target reflection coefficient.

[0085] The reflection coefficients of the power dividers at each level (the second target reflection coefficients) can be found in Figure 5 The S parameter curve of the power divider calculated by the optimization algorithm is shown in FIG. Figure 5 The key design indicators of each power divider to be designed (including the number of resonances, resonant frequency position, bandwidth at the resonant frequency point, etc.) can be obtained, and then the reflection coefficient Γ of the power divider can be used to calculate the power divider. i Including the number of resonances, the position of the resonant frequency, and the bandwidth at the resonant frequency point, the model structure of each level of power divider that meets the requirements can be designed.

[0086] Figure 4 The design method for a wide-band, high-gain, fixed-beam, large-scale array antenna involves clear design steps. Based on the reflection coefficient calculation formula of the single reflection model constructed according to the small reflection theory and the optimization method, the complex large-scale array antenna design is simplified to the radiation unit (terminal load) structure design based on the determined design indicators and the power divider design that constitutes the parallel feeding network. This greatly reduces the computing time and computing resources occupied by the electromagnetic full-wave simulation of the large-scale array antenna. The proposed design method is simple and can improve the design efficiency of the large-scale array antenna.

[0087] Step S222 , receiving a simulation instruction for the model structure of the specified power splitter to simulate the model structure of the specified power splitter to obtain a simulation result of the model structure of the specified power splitter; wherein the simulation result includes a second reflection coefficient of the model structure of the specified power splitter.

[0088] Step S224: determine whether the second reflection coefficient matches the second target reflection coefficient.

[0089] In step S226 , if there is no match, the step of determining the model structure of each power splitter based on the second target reflection coefficient is repeated to obtain the model structure of the specified power splitter corresponding to the second reflection coefficient that matches the second target reflection coefficient.

[0090] Step S228 : determining the model structure of each stage of the power splitter according to the model structure of the designated power splitter.

[0091] In the specific implementation process, the electromagnetic full-wave simulation method can be used to verify whether the performance (second reflection coefficient) of the designed power divider model structure meets the design requirements (whether it matches the second target reflection coefficient). Specifically, since the second target reflection coefficient includes at least: the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point, and the resonance bandwidth; therefore, the second reflection coefficient can be judged based on the simulation results of the specified power divider model structure (see Figure 6 The S parameter simulation curve diagram of the model structure of a power divider shown in the figure matches the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point and the resonance bandwidth in the second target reflection coefficient. If not, the model structure of the power divider is readjusted until the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point and the resonance bandwidth in the second reflection coefficient match the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point and the resonance bandwidth in the second target reflection coefficient.

[0092] In actual implementation, simulation instructions for the model structure of a specified power divider (the power divider currently being designed) can be received, and full-wave simulation verification can be performed through simulation software. By adjusting the model structure of the power divider, the second reflection coefficient of the model structure of the power divider (including the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point, and the resonance bandwidth) can be changed until the designed power dividers at all levels meet the design indicators.

[0093] Step S230 , determining an array antenna based on each radiation unit after the structure is determined and each level of power divider after the structure is determined.

[0094] Step S232: simulate the array antenna to obtain a simulation result of the array antenna; wherein the simulation result includes a third reflection coefficient of the array antenna.

[0095] Step S234: determine whether the third reflection coefficient matches the third target reflection coefficient.

[0096] In step S236, if there is no match, the step of determining the model structure of each stage of the power splitter based on the second target reflection coefficient is repeated to obtain a designated array antenna corresponding to the third reflection coefficient that matches the third target reflection coefficient.

[0097] In the specific implementation process, the third target reflection coefficient can be determined according to the pre-acquired array antenna design index; each radiating unit 1 having the designed radiating unit model structure and the parallel feeding network after cascading the power dividers of each stage having the designed power divider model structure are combined into an array, and verified in the electromagnetic full-wave simulation software. If the third reflection coefficient obtained by simulation (see Figure 7If the S-parameter simulation curve of an array antenna shown in the figure does not match the third target reflection coefficient, it is necessary to readjust the model structure of the power dividers at each level and repeat the design steps until the simulated large-scale array antenna fully meets the requirements of the design indicators. Finally, the antenna design is completed through processing and testing verification.

[0098] The present invention is directed to Figure 1 The large-scale array antenna with the topological structure shown in the figure proposes a large-scale array antenna bandwidth widening design process method based on the power divider multi-resonance point tuning technology. The proposed design method can significantly reduce the calculation cost and shorten the design cycle of the large-scale array antenna. The determination method of the above array antenna is based on the first reflection reflection coefficient calculation formula (1) proposed for the large-scale array antenna topology structure, and the reflection coefficient Γ of the designed radiation unit structure 1 (terminal load) is calculated. L Substitute into the formula and use the optimization algorithm to calculate the reflection coefficient Γ of each level of power divider i And through the corresponding structural design, the multi-resonance point can be tuned so that the resonant frequency point and the resonant depth are consistent with the inversion calculation result Γ i Maintaining consistency, the final design is completed by combining the designed unit structure 1 (terminal load) with a parallel feeding network composed of a cascade of multi-stage power dividers, which can efficiently realize the design of broadband large-scale array antennas.

[0099] In order to better understand the above embodiments, this application is based on Figure 4 A design process method for an array antenna is proposed, and a large-scale broadband fixed-beam high-gain array antenna is designed. It has a radiating unit structure with broadband and stable radiation characteristics, a broadband switching interconnection structure, and a wide-band matching power divider structure that is easy to control the resonant frequency. The array antenna structure is simple and compact, easy to implement, has a good operating frequency band and relatively stable gain characteristics, and can achieve effective distribution and efficient transmission of electromagnetic energy.

[0100] like Figure 8 Shown is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an array antenna; Figure 9 It is a layered structure diagram of an array antenna. Specifically, in this embodiment, the array antenna can be an air waveguide array antenna structure with 16×16 horn radiation units. In actual implementation, the array antenna structure can be embedded in a metal substrate 3 and connected to the radio frequency link through a left flange 5. Electromagnetic energy is fed from the left input port 6 to the air waveguide feeding network 10 of the air waveguide array antenna. The electromagnetic energy is evenly distributed to the end 13 of the feeding network 10 through various levels of power divider structures 14. The electromagnetic energy is coupled to the air feeding cavity 8 through a short straight air waveguide 9 and the distribution is completed therein. The electromagnetic energy is coupled to the horn radiation unit 4 with equal amplitude and phase through the short straight air waveguide 7 and radiated into the free space.

[0101] according to Figure 10 A three-dimensional structure diagram of a model structure of a radiation unit shown, and Figure 11 From the side view of the model structure of a radiation unit shown, it can be seen that the model structure adopted by the radiation unit 1 constituting the above-mentioned array antenna structure may include a preset number of horn radiation units 4, the same number of first short straight waveguide units 7 as the horn radiation units, a common air feeding cavity unit 8, and a second short straight waveguide unit 9; wherein, the common air feeding cavity unit 8 also includes a pair of first triangular diaphragms 11 and a pair of second triangular diaphragms 12; the common air feeding cavity unit 8 is arranged above the second short straight waveguide unit 9, and a preset number of first short straight waveguide units 7 are arranged in an array form above the common air feeding cavity unit 8, and each horn radiation unit 4 is respectively arranged above each first short straight waveguide unit 7.

[0102] In this embodiment, the model structure adopted by the radiation unit 1 is composed of 2×2 horn radiation unit structures 4, 4 short straight waveguide structures (first short straight waveguide units) 7, 1 common air feeding cavity (common air feeding cavity unit) 8 and a short straight air waveguide (second short straight waveguide unit) 9. In order to achieve broadband matching between the air feeding cavity 8 and the horn radiation unit structure 4, a pair of inward triangular diaphragms (first triangular diaphragms) 11 and a pair of triangular diaphragms (second triangular diaphragms) 12 are also introduced into the air feeding cavity 8.

[0103] It should be noted that the present embodiment provides only one form of the radiation unit 1. In addition, any one of the radiation unit structures such as a single monomer radiation unit, a patch radiation unit, a magnetoelectric dipole unit, a spiral antenna radiation unit, a cavity-backed antenna radiation unit, and a slot radiation unit may be adopted. At the same time, the diaphragms 11 and 12 introduced into the air feed cavity 8 may be implemented in forms including but not limited to triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, multi-stage rectangular, or other continuously gradient matching structure designs.

[0104] This example is compared Figure 2 The topology of a large-scale array antenna shown in the figure can determine the array size calculated by the optimization algorithm to be 2 3 ×2 3 The parallel feeding network is composed of 6 different 1-to-2 power splitter structures 14 arranged in cascade. In the specific implementation process, the reflection coefficient Γ obtained by simulating the radiation unit 1 can be L Substitute the reflection coefficient of the primary reflection model into the calculation formula (1) for calculation. Accordingly, the scale of the feed network and the unit spacing (dm and dn) should be modified accordingly to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the calculation results.

[0105] In actual implementation, the parallel feeding network constituting the above array antenna structure is generally an air waveguide feeding network 10. Specifically, according to Figure 12 A three-dimensional structure diagram of an air waveguide feeding network shown in FIG. Figure 13 A top view of an air waveguide feeding network shown, Figure 14 A bottom view of an air waveguide feed network is shown, and Figure 15 As can be seen from the right side view of an air waveguide feeding network shown, the air waveguide feeding network is composed of 6 stages of air waveguide power dividers 14 cascaded.

[0106] In order to achieve good transmission of electromagnetic energy between the air waveguide feeding network 10 and the radiating unit 1, the first output port or the second output port of the model structure 14 of all the last-stage air waveguide power dividers is connected to the adapter structure 13; see Figure 16 A three-dimensional structure diagram of a transfer structure shown, and Figure 17 From the right side view of the switching structure shown, it can be seen that a second short straight waveguide unit 9 is provided above the switching structure 13 , and each radiation unit 1 can be connected through the second short straight waveguide unit 9 .

[0107] Among them, the broadband adapter structure 13 for connecting the last-stage air waveguide power divider 14 in the air waveguide feeding network 10 and the radiating unit 1 includes: a fifth short straight waveguide unit 221, the fifth short straight waveguide unit 221 also includes a gradient structure 19, a third diaphragm 17, and a third triangular diaphragm 18; there is a third capacitive height difference 16 between the fifth short straight waveguide unit 221 and the second short straight waveguide unit 9.

[0108] The port 15 at one end of the fifth short straight waveguide unit 221 can serve as the input port of the adapter structure 13 and be connected to one of the output ports of the final waveguide power divider. To achieve good transmission of electromagnetic energy, the narrow side of the port 15 and the narrow side of the waveguide at the connection portion of the second short straight waveguide unit 9 have a height difference (third capacitive height difference) 16 and a gradient structure 19, a triangular diaphragm structure (third triangular diaphragm) 18, and a diaphragm (third diaphragm) 17 extending toward one side of the short straight air waveguide. It should be noted that the height difference 16 and the gradient structure 19 of the adapter structure designed in this embodiment are interdependent, and matching can also be achieved without the height difference 16. In addition, the gradient structure 19 is similar to the triangular diaphragm structure 18 and can adopt the cut-angle structure shown, or a matching structure with a specific mathematical expression such as a multi-order rectangle or a sine, cosine, or parabola. The diaphragm 17 can adopt the rectangular diaphragm shown, or a triangular, trapezoidal, or multi-order rectangular diaphragm.

[0109] By adopting the designed wide-band and well-stable radiation characteristic radiation unit 1 and the wide-band switching structure 13, and combining the broadband large-scale array antenna design method (array antenna determination method) proposed by the present invention, the reflection coefficient of each level power divider 14 is determined by the optimization method, and the reflection coefficient of each level power divider 14 can be determined by the optimization method. Figure 18-20 The designed multi-resonance point tunable broadband power divider structure 14 shown meets the design requirements and realizes the broadband design of large-scale array antennas.

[0110] Figure 18-20 Two types of broadband power divider structures that can achieve multi-resonance point tunability are given14. Figure 18 A three-dimensional structure diagram of a waveguide power divider is shown, and Figure 19 As can be seen from the top view of a waveguide power divider shown, the structure of this type of waveguide power divider (model structure of the power divider) includes a third short straight waveguide unit 222 and a fourth short straight waveguide unit 223; wherein the fourth short straight waveguide unit 223 is connected to the third short straight waveguide unit 222 in a T-shaped manner; the fourth short straight waveguide unit 223 also includes a pair of first diaphragms 23 and a pair of second diaphragms 24; the third short straight waveguide unit 222 also includes a matching diaphragm 21; there is a symmetrical first capacitive height difference 22 between the first output port 20 (3) and the second output port 20 (2) of the third short straight waveguide unit 222, and there is a second capacitive height difference 25 at the connection between the third short straight waveguide unit 222 and the fourth short straight waveguide unit 223.

[0111] Specifically, electromagnetic energy is input from the input branch (third output port) 20(1) of the fourth short straight waveguide unit 223 of each stage of the waveguide power divider 14 and evenly distributed to two output branches (the second output port 20(2) and the first output port 20(3)), wherein one of the two output branches can be connected to the input branch 20(1) of the next stage of the power divider, thereby realizing structural interconnection between the power dividers 14 at each stage and finally realizing the parallel air waveguide feeding network 10.

[0112] In order to realize the design of broadband power divider and the function of tunable multi-resonance frequency, a matching diaphragm 21 is used between the two output branches 20(2) and 20(3) of the power divider and toward the input branch 20(1). Both arms of the two output branches have the same capacitive height difference structure (first capacitive height difference) 22. There is a capacitive height difference (second capacitive height difference) 25 at the connection between the third short straight waveguide unit 222 and the fourth short straight waveguide unit 223. There is a diaphragm structure (first diaphragm) 23 extending inside the waveguide (fourth short straight waveguide unit) 223 adjacent to the connection. There is a diaphragm structure (second diaphragm) 24 extending inside the waveguide on the fourth short straight waveguide unit 223 at a distance from the connection.

[0113] Another design of multi-resonance point tunable broadband power divider is as follows Figure 20 As shown, according to Figure 20 From the three-dimensional structure diagram of another waveguide power divider shown, it can be seen that this type of waveguide power divider structure (model structure of the power divider) includes a seventh short straight waveguide unit 224 and a sixth short straight waveguide unit 225; wherein the seventh short straight waveguide unit 224 is connected to the sixth short straight waveguide unit 225 in a T-shaped manner; the sixth short straight waveguide unit 225 also includes a pair of fourth diaphragms 30; the seventh short straight waveguide unit 224 also includes a matching diaphragm 27; and a pair of capacitive gradient structures 28, and there is a fourth capacitive height difference 29 at the connection between the seventh short straight waveguide unit 224 and the sixth short straight waveguide unit 225.

[0114] In order to achieve broadband matching and multi-resonance frequency tunability, a matching diaphragm 27 is used between the two output branches (output ports) 26 (2) and 26 (3) of the power divider and toward the input branch (input port) 26 (1). There is a gradual capacitive gradual change structure 28 on the two output branches. There is a capacitive height difference (fourth capacitive height difference) 29 at the connection between the fifth short straight waveguide unit 224 and the sixth short straight waveguide unit 225. There is a diaphragm structure (fourth diaphragm) 30 extending from the inner side of a pair of waveguides (sixth short straight waveguide unit) 225 adjacent to the connection.

[0115] By adjusting the structural parameters of the broadband power divider 14 shown in the above embodiment, 1-4 resonant frequency points can be achieved. Among them, the structural parameters can be understood as the physical dimensions of the model structure of the above air waveguide power divider, such as length, width, height, etc. Adjusting the structural parameters means changing these dimensions. Taking 3 resonant frequencies as an example, in order to achieve the optimized Figure 5 The reflection coefficient of the power divider shown (the second target reflection coefficient) can be obtained by adjusting the power divider structure 14 in the embodiment. Figure 6 The S parameter curve shown is the second reflection coefficient of the power divider. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequencies and the resonance bandwidth are consistent. Therefore, the multi-resonance point tunable broadband power divider designed in the above embodiment has a multi-resonance frequency tunable function, thereby realizing the tuning of the multi-resonance frequencies.

[0116] It should be noted that, in the embodiment, only one form of expression of the splitter structure 14 is given, including but not limited to the characteristic form improved based on this structure, specifically as follows: the capacitive height difference at the connection between the input and output branches can be located on either side of the short side of the waveguide, or on both sides of the short side of the waveguide; the diaphragm structures 23, 24 and 30 extending inward on the input branch can be rectangular, triangular, arc-shaped, hemispherical, etc., the number of diaphragm structures 24 on the input branch is not limited, and the position from the connection is not fixed; the structural shape of the matching diaphragms 21 and 27 can be rectangular, triangular, multi-step rectangular, trapezoidal, a shape composed of a gradient curve in the form of a specific mathematical expression, etc.; the form of the capacitive gradient structure 28 can also be a multi-step gradient form, etc. The distance between the capacitive height difference structure 22 and the midline position of the two arms of the output branch is not fixed, the length is not fixed, and it can be located on either side of the long side of the rectangular waveguide, or on both sides at the same time.

[0117] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a device for determining an array antenna, such as Figure 21 As shown, the device includes: a first determination module 300, which is used to determine the first target reflection coefficient of each radiating unit constituting the array antenna based on a pre-acquired array antenna design index; a second determination module 301, which is used to determine the model structure of each radiating unit based on the first target reflection coefficient; wherein the model structure of each radiating unit is the same; an extraction module 302, which is used to extract the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from the simulation results of the model structure of the specified radiating unit; a third determination module 303, which is used to determine the second target reflection coefficient of each level of power divider constituting the array antenna according to a preset calculation method based on the amplitude and phase; a fourth determination module 304, which is used to determine the model structure of each level of power divider based on the second target reflection coefficient; and a fifth determination module 305, which is used to determine the array antenna based on each of the radiating units after the structure is determined and the power divider of each level after the structure is determined.

[0118] The array antenna determination device described above determines a first target reflection coefficient for each radiating element comprising the array antenna based on pre-acquired array antenna design indicators; determines a model structure for each radiating element based on the first target reflection coefficient; the model structure for each radiating element is identical; extracts the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from simulation results for the model structure of a specified radiating element; determines a second target reflection coefficient for each power divider stage comprising the array antenna according to a preset calculation method; determines the model structure for each power divider stage based on the second target reflection coefficient; and determines the array antenna based on each radiating element and each power divider stage after the structures are determined. This device reduces design time and improves design efficiency by simplifying the complex array antenna design into a model structure design for the radiating elements based on the determined design indicators and a model structure design for each power divider stage constituting the parallel feed network.

[0119] Furthermore, the first determination module is also used to: determine the operating frequency band and array size of the array antenna based on the pre-acquired array antenna design indicators; determine the unit spacing between each radiating unit and the waveguide size of each level of power divider constituting the array antenna based on the operating frequency band and array size; based on the unit spacing, waveguide size, and the pre-acquired reflection coefficient threshold and resonance depth of each level of power divider, determine the first target reflection coefficient of each radiating unit constituting the array antenna according to a preset first calculation formula.

[0120] Furthermore, the extraction module is also used to: receive a simulation instruction for the model structure of the specified radiation unit to simulate the model structure of the specified radiation unit to obtain a simulation result of the model structure of the specified radiation unit; wherein the simulation result includes a first reflection coefficient of the model structure of the specified radiation unit; determine whether the first reflection coefficient matches the first target reflection coefficient; if not, repeat the step of determining the model structure of each radiation unit based on the first target reflection coefficient to obtain the model structure of the specified radiation unit corresponding to the first reflection coefficient that matches the first target reflection coefficient; if they match, extract the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from the simulation result of the model structure of the specified radiation unit.

[0121] Furthermore, the device also includes: receiving a simulation instruction for a model structure of a specified power splitter to simulate the model structure of the specified power splitter to obtain a simulation result of the model structure of the specified power splitter; wherein the simulation result includes a second reflection coefficient of the model structure of the specified power splitter; judging whether the second reflection coefficient matches the second target reflection coefficient; if not, repeating the step of determining the model structure of each level of the power splitter based on the second target reflection coefficient to obtain a model structure of the specified power splitter corresponding to the second reflection coefficient that matches the second target reflection coefficient; and determining the model structure of each level of the power splitter according to the model structure of the specified power splitter.

[0122] Furthermore, the second target reflection coefficient includes at least: the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point and the resonance bandwidth; the device also includes: based on the simulation results of the model structure of the specified power divider, judging whether the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point and the resonance bandwidth in the second reflection coefficient match the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point and the resonance bandwidth in the second target reflection coefficient.

[0123] Furthermore, the device also includes: simulating the array antenna to obtain simulation results of the array antenna; wherein the simulation results include a third reflection coefficient of the array antenna; determining whether the third reflection coefficient matches the third target reflection coefficient; if not, repeating the steps of determining the model structure of each level of the power divider based on the second target reflection coefficient to obtain a specified array antenna corresponding to the third reflection coefficient that matches the third target reflection coefficient.

[0124] Furthermore, the model structure of each radiating unit includes: a preset number of horn radiating units, the same number of first short straight waveguide units as the horn radiating units, a common air feeding cavity unit, and a second short straight waveguide unit; wherein, the common air feeding cavity unit also includes a pair of first triangular diaphragms and a pair of second triangular diaphragms; the common air feeding cavity unit is arranged above the second short straight waveguide unit, and a preset number of first short straight waveguide units are arranged in an array form above the common air feeding cavity unit, and each horn radiating unit is respectively arranged above each first short straight waveguide unit.

[0125] Furthermore, the model structure of each stage of the power divider includes: a third short straight waveguide unit and a fourth short straight waveguide unit; wherein the fourth short straight waveguide unit is connected to the third short straight waveguide unit in a T-shaped manner; the fourth short straight waveguide unit also includes a pair of first diaphragms and a pair of second diaphragms; the third short straight waveguide unit also includes a matching diaphragm; there is a symmetrical first capacitive height difference between the first output port and the second output port of the third short straight waveguide unit, and there is a second capacitive height difference at the connection between the third short straight waveguide unit and the fourth short straight waveguide unit.

[0126] Furthermore, the first output port or the second output port of the model structure of the final-stage power divider is also connected to a transfer structure; a second short straight waveguide unit is arranged above the transfer structure, and each radiation unit is connected through the second short straight waveguide unit; the transfer structure includes: a fifth short straight waveguide unit, wherein the fifth short straight waveguide unit also includes a gradient structure, a third diaphragm, and a third triangular diaphragm; there is a third capacitive height difference between the fifth short straight waveguide unit and the second short straight waveguide unit.

[0127] The implementation principle and technical effects of the array antenna determination device provided in the embodiment of the present invention are the same as those of the aforementioned array antenna determination method embodiment. For the embodiment of the array antenna determination device, reference can be made to the corresponding content in the aforementioned array antenna determination method embodiment.

[0128] The embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, see Figure 22 As shown, the electronic device includes a processor 130 and a memory 131. The memory 131 stores machine-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor 130. The processor 130 executes the machine-executable instructions to implement the above-mentioned method for determining the array antenna.

[0129] Further, Figure 22 The electronic device shown further includes a bus 132 and a communication interface 133 , and the processor 130 , the communication interface 133 and the memory 131 are connected via the bus 132 .

[0130] The memory 131 may include a high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage. The communication connection between the system network element and at least one other network element is achieved through at least one communication interface 133 (which may be wired or wireless), and the Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc. may be used. The bus 132 may be an ISA bus, a PCI bus, or an EISA bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 22 Only one bidirectional arrow is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0131] The processor 130 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor 130 or by software instructions. The above processor 130 may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it may also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention can be directly implemented and executed by a hardware decoding processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a storage medium well-known in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. The storage medium is located in memory 131, and processor 130 reads information in memory 131 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the method of the aforementioned embodiment.

[0132] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are called and executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions prompt the processor to implement the above-mentioned array antenna determination method. The specific implementation can be found in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0133] The array antenna determination method, device, and electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present invention include a computer-readable storage medium storing program code. The instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the method described in the previous method embodiments. For specific implementation, please refer to the method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0134] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0135] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining an array antenna, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determining a first target reflection coefficient for each radiating element constituting the array antenna based on pre-acquired array antenna design indicators; the first target reflection coefficient is determined according to a preset first calculation formula based on the element spacing between each of the radiating elements, the waveguide dimensions of each stage of the power divider constituting the array antenna, and the pre-acquired reflection coefficient threshold and resonance depth of each stage of the power divider; the element spacing between each of the radiating elements and the waveguide dimensions of each stage of the power divider constituting the array antenna are determined based on the array antenna design indicators; the array antenna design indicators also include a requirement to set an array operating bandwidth; Determining a model structure of each of the radiation units based on the first target reflection coefficient; wherein the model structure of each of the radiation units is the same; Extracting the magnitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from simulation results of the model structure of the specified radiating element; Based on the amplitude and phase, determining a second target reflection coefficient of each stage of the power divider constituting the array antenna according to a preset calculation method; the preset calculation method includes the preset first calculation formula and an optimization algorithm; the second target reflection coefficient is obtained by substituting the amplitude and phase into the preset first calculation formula and calculating the second target reflection coefficient using the optimization algorithm with the working bandwidth as the optimization target; determining a model structure of the power splitter at each stage based on the second target reflection coefficient; Determining the array antenna based on each of the radiation units after the structure is determined and each level of the power divider after the structure is determined; Wherein, the preset first calculation formula is: ； Among them, m and n are used to represent the parameters of the scale of the array antenna in two dimensions, θ is the phase, is the reflection coefficient of the array antenna, is the reflection coefficient of the first-stage power divider at the first node, is the reflection coefficient of the i-th level power divider at the i-th node, is the transmission coefficient of the i-1th level power divider at the i-1th node, is the transmission coefficient of the i-th level power divider at the i-th node, is the reflection coefficient of each radiation element 1.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining a first target reflection coefficient of each radiating element constituting the array antenna based on a pre-acquired array antenna design index includes: Determining the operating frequency band and array size of the array antenna based on pre-acquired array antenna design indicators; Determining, based on the operating frequency band and array size, the unit spacing between each of the radiating units and the waveguide size of each stage of the power divider constituting the array antenna; Based on the unit spacing, the waveguide size, and the pre-acquired reflection coefficient threshold and resonance depth of each level of the power divider, a first target reflection coefficient of each radiating unit constituting the array antenna is determined according to a preset first calculation formula.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of extracting the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from the simulation results of the model structure of the designated radiation unit includes: receiving a simulation instruction for the model structure of the designated radiation unit, simulating the model structure of the designated radiation unit, and obtaining a simulation result of the model structure of the designated radiation unit; wherein the simulation result includes a first reflection coefficient of the model structure of the designated radiation unit; determining whether the first reflection coefficient matches the first target reflection coefficient; If there is no match, repeating the step of determining the model structure of each of the radiation elements based on the first target reflection coefficient to obtain a model structure of a specified radiation element corresponding to a first reflection coefficient that matches the first target reflection coefficient; If they match, the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient are extracted from the simulation results of the model structure of the designated radiation element.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein After the step of determining the model structure of the power splitter at each stage based on the second target reflection coefficient, the following steps are included: receiving a simulation instruction for a model structure of a specified power splitter, simulating the model structure of the specified power splitter, and obtaining a simulation result of the model structure of the specified power splitter; wherein the simulation result includes a second reflection coefficient of the model structure of the specified power splitter; determining whether the second reflection coefficient matches the second target reflection coefficient; If there is no match, repeating the step of determining the model structure of the power splitter at each stage based on the second target reflection coefficient to obtain a model structure of a specified power splitter corresponding to a second reflection coefficient that matches the second target reflection coefficient; The model structure of the power splitter at each level is determined according to the model structure of the designated power splitter.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The second target reflection coefficient includes at least: the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point, and the resonance bandwidth; and the step of determining whether the second reflection coefficient matches the second target reflection coefficient includes: Based on the simulation results of the model structure of the specified power divider, it is determined whether the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point, and the resonance bandwidth in the second reflection coefficient match the number of resonances, the position of the resonance frequency point, and the resonance bandwidth in the second target reflection coefficient.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The pre-acquired array antenna design index includes a third target reflection coefficient; and after the step of determining the array antenna based on each of the radiating elements after the structure is determined and each level of the power divider after the structure is determined, the step further includes: Simulating the array antenna to obtain a simulation result of the array antenna; wherein the simulation result includes a third reflection coefficient of the array antenna; determining whether the third reflection coefficient matches the third target reflection coefficient; If there is no match, the step of determining the model structure of each stage of the power splitter based on the second target reflection coefficient is repeated to obtain a designated array antenna corresponding to a third reflection coefficient that matches the third target reflection coefficient.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The model structure of each of the radiation units includes: a preset number of horn radiation units, the same number of first short straight waveguide units as the horn radiation units, a common air feeding cavity unit, and a second short straight waveguide unit; wherein the common air feeding cavity unit further includes a pair of first triangular diaphragms and a pair of second triangular diaphragms; The common air feeding cavity unit is arranged above the second short straight waveguide unit, the preset number of first short straight waveguide units are arranged in an array form above the common air feeding cavity unit, and each of the horn radiation units is respectively arranged above each of the first short straight waveguide units.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The model structure of each level of the power divider includes: a third short straight waveguide unit and a fourth short straight waveguide unit; wherein the fourth short straight waveguide unit is connected to the third short straight waveguide unit in a T-shaped manner; The fourth short straight waveguide unit further includes a pair of first diaphragms and a pair of second diaphragms; The third short straight waveguide unit further includes a matching diaphragm; A symmetrical first capacitive height difference exists between the first output port and the second output port of the third short straight waveguide unit, and a second capacitive height difference exists at the connection between the third short straight waveguide unit and the fourth short straight waveguide unit.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The first output port or the second output port of the model structure of the power divider at the last stage is further connected to the switching structure; A second short straight waveguide unit is provided above the adapter structure, and each of the radiation units is connected via the second short straight waveguide unit; The switching structure includes: a fifth short straight waveguide unit, wherein the fifth short straight waveguide unit further includes a gradient structure, a third diaphragm, and a third triangular diaphragm; There is a third capacitive height difference between the fifth short straight waveguide unit and the second short straight waveguide unit.

10. A device for determining an array antenna, characterized in that: The device comprises: a first determination module, configured to determine, based on a pre-acquired array antenna design index, a first target reflection coefficient for each radiating element constituting the array antenna; the first target reflection coefficient being determined according to a preset first calculation formula based on the element spacing between each of the radiating elements and the waveguide dimensions of each stage of the power splitter constituting the array antenna; the element spacing between each of the radiating elements and the waveguide dimensions of each stage of the power splitter constituting the array antenna being determined based on the array antenna design index; the array antenna design index also including a requirement to set an array operating bandwidth; a second determining module, configured to determine a model structure of each of the radiation units based on the first target reflection coefficient; wherein the model structure of each of the radiation units is the same; An extraction module, configured to extract the amplitude and phase of the first reflection coefficient from simulation results of a model structure of a specified radiation unit; a third determination module, configured to determine, based on the amplitude and phase, a second target reflection coefficient of each stage of the power divider constituting the array antenna in a preset calculation method; the preset calculation method including the preset first calculation formula and an optimization algorithm; the second target reflection coefficient is calculated by substituting the amplitude and phase into the preset first calculation formula and using the optimization algorithm with the working bandwidth as the optimization target; a fourth determining module, configured to determine a model structure of the power splitter at each stage based on the second target reflection coefficient; a fifth determining module, configured to determine the array antenna based on each of the radiating elements after the structure is determined and each level of the power divider after the structure is determined; Wherein, the preset first calculation formula is: ； Among them, m and n are used to represent the parameters of the scale of the array antenna in two dimensions, θ is the phase, is the reflection coefficient of the array antenna, is the reflection coefficient of the first-stage power divider at the first node, is the reflection coefficient of the i-th level power divider at the i-th node, is the transmission coefficient of the i-1th level power divider at the i-1th node, is the transmission coefficient of the i-th level power divider at the i-th node, is the reflection coefficient of each radiation element 1.

11. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for determining the array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are implemented.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for determining an array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are executed.

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