Fan blade with electrothermal de-icing mechanism

Abstract

The application provides a fan blade with an electric heating deicing mechanism, which can realize integration of a surface heating structure and a lightning protection structure and has better lightning protection effect. The fan blade comprises a blade main body, the outer end of the blade main body is a pointed end, a conductive layer is arranged on the surface of the blade main body, the conductive layer at least at the position corresponding to the pointed end is made of a conjugated polymer material, and the conductive layer on the surface of the blade main body is made of a main body conductive material with higher conductivity than the conjugated polymer material; and an electric heating device is electrically connected with the conductive layer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coating, in particular to a fan blade with an electric heating deicing mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the global background of the increasing shortage of non-renewable energy, the rapid change of climate and the worsening of environment, wind energy as a renewable and green energy source has attracted much attention and is the advanced productivity of future electricity. However, during the operation of the fan, the fan blade often needs to withstand complex weather conditions.

[0003] Among them, the icing and frosting phenomenon caused by low temperature weather will affect the operation of the fan blade. Once the ice layer adheres to the surface of the running equipment, it will cause the fan blade to increase in weight, the center of gravity to deviate during operation, and the flow field around to change, greatly affecting the performance of the equipment, and even causing the fan blade to be damaged and resulting in huge losses.

[0004] In addition, most wind power sites are open, and wind turbines are prone to lightning strikes due to their complex atmospheric environment, non-standard structure characteristics of their own high and towering and rotating elements. The increase in installed capacity of wind turbines, the increase in body height and blade length, and the increase in the risk of lightning strikes on wind turbines. The resulting failure and downtime are more serious, and the economic losses are huge. The blade is the highest component in the wind turbine, so it is more prone to direct lightning strikes than other locations, causing losses.

[0005] Currently, some manufacturers of fan blades use active heating structures to prevent icing, such as covering the surface of the fan blade with a metal mesh and using active electric heating to remove ice. This structure, even with lightning protection structures, is still significantly damaged when struck by lightning. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a fan blade with an electric heating deicing mechanism, which can integrate the surface heating structure and lightning protection structure on the surface of the blade, and has better lightning protection effect.

[0007] The fan blade provided by the present application comprises: a blade body, the outer end of the blade body is a pointed end; a conductive layer is arranged on the surface of the blade body, at least the conductive layer corresponding to the pointed end is made of a conjugated polymer material, and other conductive layers on the surface of the blade body are made of a main conductive material with higher conductivity than the conjugated polymer material; and an electric heating device is electrically connected with the conductive layer.

[0008] According to the technical scheme, the conductive layer of the tip part of the fan blade which is more likely to be iced and struck by lightning is made of the conjugated polymer material, so that the lightning strike probability can be reduced by using the low conductivity of the conjugated polymer material.

[0009] Further, when lightning strikes, the lightning can cause damage to the blade from three aspects of electric effect, mechanical effect and thermal effect. In the fan blade provided by the application, the electric conductivity of the conductive layer as a whole can timely conduct the large current of lightning, reducing the damage of the electric effect of lightning strike to the fan blade; the high-elasticity conjugated polymer material can cooperate with the high-strength substrate skeleton of the fan blade to increase the mechanical strength of the fan blade as a whole, reducing the damage of the mechanical effect of lightning strike to the fan blade; the ignition point of the conjugated polymer material is lower than that of the substrate of the fan blade, so that the conjugated polymer material can replace the substrate of the blade to be ashed when the lightning current is too large and cannot be timely conducted, reducing the damage of the thermal effect of lightning strike to the fan blade, thereby reducing the damage probability of the fan blade when lightning strikes.

[0010] In addition, since the conductivity of the conjugated polymer is low and the thermal effect is obvious, when the electric heating device is powered on to conduct electricity to the conjugated polymer material conductive layer of the tip part to perform electric heating deicing, the conjugated polymer material conductive layer has higher heating efficiency, so that the ice layer of the tip part can be quickly and concentratedly melted, and the increased heat transfer area of the melted ice layer can be used to uniformly heat the two sides of the blade, thereby improving the deicing efficiency.

[0011] It should be noted that the conductive layer made of the conjugated polymer material is formed at least on the tip part of the fan blade in the application, that is, the conductive layer made of the conjugated polymer material in the application can be formed on the surface of the tip part of the fan blade, or can be formed on any region containing the surface of the tip part of the fan blade, which does not exceed the protection scope of the application.

[0012] As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the area of the conductive layer made of the conjugated polymer material is greater than 20 cm 2 .

[0013] According to the technical scheme, the conjugated polymer material has excellent ductility compared with other conductive materials, so that a larger area of the conductive layer can be made by using a smaller amount of the conjugated polymer material, thereby further reducing the weight of the fan blade, and the larger area of the conjugated polymer material can obviously improve the electric heating efficiency and lightning protection probability of the fan blade, and improve the anti-icing and lightning protection effect of the fan blade.

[0014] As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the conjugated polymer material is one or more of polyacetylene, polydiacetylene, poly-p-phenylene, poly-p-phenylene vinylene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene and polyethylene dioxythiophene.

[0015] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the conjugated polymer material is a polyaniline-graphene composite material.

[0016] According to the technical scheme, the graphene with high conductivity, large specific surface and high flexibility is doped with polyaniline, and a polyaniline-graphene composite material with both lightning protection effect and heat resistance can be obtained.

[0017] In particular, through the interlaced structure of the uniform composite of polyaniline and graphene, an interlaced network between conductors and conductor resistances can be formed, so that when lightning strikes, not only can the current be quickly guided through the graphene conductor network, but also the lightning strike position can be monitored in real time, and the lightning strike position and damage information can be quickly determined through the interlaced network.

[0018] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the polyaniline-graphene composite material is prepared by coating and electro-polymerizing a precursor on the surface of the fan blade, and the current density used in the electro-polymerization process is 50-100 mA / cm 2 .

[0019] According to the technical scheme, the precursor of the polyaniline-graphene composite material can be a uniform mixture of graphene, aniline and an acidic reagent, and the uniform distribution of polyaniline and graphene at the molecular level can be achieved by uniformly mixing graphene and aniline in an acidic reagent. Then, the polyaniline-graphene composite material is prepared on the surface of the fan blade by electro-polymerization, which is simple in steps and the generated polyaniline-graphene composite material has a consistent thickness of the conductive layer, so that the interlaced network of polyaniline-graphene is more uniform, and the information of lightning strike position and damage situation can be more accurately reflected.

[0020] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the precursor of the polyaniline-graphene composite material is a mixture of graphene, aniline and a perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer solution.

[0021] According to the technical scheme, in the process of aniline oxidative polymerization to form polyaniline, the conductivity of polyaniline is related to the oxidation state of polyaniline, and the polyaniline obtained under alkaline and neutral conditions is a non-conductive material. Only under acidic conditions, green conductive polyaniline material can be obtained, thereby improving the conductivity of the polyaniline-graphene composite material.

[0022] In addition, the perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer solution is used as an acidic reagent for polymerization, and the polyaniline-graphene composite material obtained is doped with a perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer. As a high-lyotropic sequence ion, the perfluorosulfonate ion can further improve the anti-icing and hydrophobic performance of the conductive layer of the fan blade.

[0023] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the main conductive material is one or more of polyacetylene, polydiacetylene, polyphenylene, polyphenylenevinylene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, polyethylene dioxythiophene, and a composite material formed by the one or more of the above materials and carbon fiber, graphite and graphene.

[0024] According to the technical scheme, the conductive material with excellent conductive performance is used as the main conductive material, so that the conductive layer can further improve the speed of conducting the lightning current and reduce the probability of lightning damage.

[0025] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the electric heating device has an overcurrent protection device.

[0026] According to the technical scheme, the overcurrent protection device is arranged on the electric heating device, so that when lightning strikes, the excessive current flowing between the electric heating device and the conductive layer can be prevented from flowing into the electric heating device, thereby avoiding damage to the electric heating device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a fan provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a fan blade provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an aniline-graphene modified electrode in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 4 is a damage data column chart of sample 2, 4, 5 and a control sample in lightning strike simulation.

[0031] The drawings show that: 100-fan; 101-fan blade; 1010-blade main body; 1011-tips; 1012-electric heating device; 113-conductive layer; 113a-tips conductive layer; 113b-main body conductive layer; 103-tower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical schemes in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a fan 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1As shown, the wind turbine 100 is a wind turbine, including a tower 103 and turbine blades 101. The turbine blades 101 are installed at the top of the tower 103, so the turbine blades 101 need to rotate at a very high position, and the outer end of the turbine blades 101 (i.e. the far end of the turbine blades 101 from the tower 103) is formed into a tip 1011.

[0034] The tip 1011 of the wind turbine blade 101 is also the highest point of the wind turbine 100 when it rotates. Therefore, the tip 1011 of the wind turbine blade 101 will face a higher risk of lightning strike. Increasing the length of the wind turbine blade 101 can improve the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine 100, but the increase in the length of the wind turbine blade 101 requires reducing the weight of the wind turbine blade 101 and more comprehensive protection measures.

[0035] It should be noted that the structure of the fan 100 in the embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of more specifically illustrating a fan 100 structure to which the fan blade 101 of the present invention is applicable in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to facilitate the understanding and application of the fan blade 101 provided by the technicians. It is not a limitation on the fan 100 structure to which the method of the present invention is applicable. The fan blade 101 in this embodiment is not limited to the wind turbine 100, but can also be other fan blades 101, such as blowers or compressors.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fan blade 101 provided in this embodiment. The fan blade 101 provided in this embodiment includes: a blade body 1010, a conductive layer 113, and an electric heating device 1012.

[0037] The blade body 1010 preferably has a streamlined aerodynamic shape, which can reduce energy loss during the rotation of the wind turbine blade 101 and make it easier to be blown and rotated by wind.

[0038] A conductive layer 113 is disposed on the surface of the blade body 1010. The conductive layer 113 may partially or completely cover the surface of the blade body 1010, and there is no limitation herein. For example, the conductive layer 113 may be formed to cover the front side (i.e., the windward side) of the blade body 1010; or it may be formed to cover the entire surface of the blade body 1010. Figure 2 An example is given of how the conductive layer 113 covers the entire surface of the blade body 1010.

[0039] The conductive layer 113 on the surface of the blade body 1010 provided in this embodiment is divided into a tip conductive layer 113a and a body conductive layer 113b. Preferably, the tip conductive layer 113a is disposed on the surface corresponding to the tip 1011 of the blade body 1010, and the area of ​​the tip conductive layer 113a is greater than 20 cm². 2The tip conductive layer 113a is made of a conjugated polymer material, and has the characteristics of low conductivity, high elasticity, high capacitance, and low ignition point. In the event of a lightning strike, the high-elasticity conjugated polymer material can cooperate with the high-strength substrate skeleton of the fan blade 101 to increase the overall mechanical strength of the fan blade 101 and reduce the damage of the mechanical effect of the lightning strike to the fan blade 101; the ignition point of the conjugated polymer material is lower than that of the substrate of the fan blade 101, and in the event of a lightning strike, the conjugated polymer material can replace the substrate of the fan blade 101 to reduce the damage of the thermal effect of the lightning strike to the fan blade 101, thereby effectively reducing the damage probability of the fan blade 101 in the event of a lightning strike. Preferably, the conjugated polymer material is one or more of polyacetylene, polydiacetylene, polyparaphenylene, polyphenylenevinylene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, polyethylene dioxythiophene, and a composite material formed by carbon fiber, graphite, and graphene.

[0040] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, in order to facilitate drawing, it is illustrated that the conductive layer made of a conjugated polymer material is preferably formed on the tip of the fan blade (i.e., the tip conductive layer 113a), but the present application is not limited thereto, and the conductive layer made of a conjugated polymer material is formed on any region of the surface of the tip 1011 of the fan blade 101, for example, the conductive layer made of a conjugated polymer material is formed on the region corresponding to the tip 1011 and the middle segment of the fan blade 101, which also belongs to the protection scope of the present application.

[0041] The main conductive layer 113b is provided on the other surfaces of the blade main body 1010, wherein the "other surfaces" here do not specifically refer to all the surfaces of the blade main body 1010 except the tip 1011, but refer to the other surfaces of the blade main body 1010 except the tip conductive layer 113a covered by the conductive layer 113. The main conductive layer 113b is made of a main conductive material with higher conductivity than the conjugated polymer material, and has higher conductivity to quickly conduct the lightning current, thereby reducing the probability of lightning damage. Preferably, the main conductive material is one or more of polyacetylene, polydiacetylene, polyparaphenylene, polyphenylenevinylene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, polyethylene dioxythiophene, and a composite material formed by carbon fiber, graphite, and graphene. Using a conductive material with excellent conductivity as the main conductive material can further improve the speed of the conductive layer 113 in conducting the lightning current and reduce the probability of lightning damage.

[0042] The electric heating device 1012 is electrically connected with the conductive layer 113. The electric heating device 1012 provided in the embodiment can continuously pass electric current to the conductive layer 113 and continuously generate heat by the heat effect of electric resistance. The heating temperature can be adjusted at any time by the size of the electric current, so as to keep the temperature of the surface of the fan blade 101 and effectively remove ice. In particular, since the conductivity of the conjugated polymer is low and the heat effect is obvious, when the electric heating device 1012 is powered on to perform electrothermal deicing with the conductive layer 113a of the conjugated polymer material of the tip 1011, the conductive layer 113a of the conjugated polymer material of the tip has higher heating efficiency, can quickly and concentratedly melt the ice layer of the tip 1011, and then utilizes the increased heat transfer area of the melted ice layer to uniformly transfer heat to both sides of the fan blade 101, thereby improving the deicing efficiency. Preferably, the electric heating device 1012 further has an overcurrent protection device. By providing the overcurrent protection device for the electric heating device 1012, the overlarge current caused by lightning stroke can be prevented from flowing into the electric heating device 1012 through the electrical connection between the electric heating device 1012 and the conductive layer 113, thereby avoiding damage to the electric heating device 1012.

[0043] Preferably, in the fan blade 101 provided in the embodiment, the conjugated polymer material of the conductive layer 113a of the tip is a polyaniline-graphene composite material. The polyaniline-graphene composite material having lightning protection effect and heat resistance can be obtained by doping graphene with high conductivity, large specific surface area and high flexibility with polyaniline. In particular, by the interlaced structure of the uniform composite of polyaniline and graphene, an interlaced network between conductors and conductor resistances can be formed, so that when lightning occurs, not only the rapid diversion of current can be realized through the graphene conductor network, but also real-time monitoring of the lightning position can be realized, and the lightning position and damage information can be quickly determined through the interlaced network.

[0044] Preferably, in the fan blade 101 provided in the embodiment, the precursor of the polyaniline-graphene composite material is coated and electropolymerized on the surface of the fan blade 101, and the current density used in the electropolymerization process is 50-100 mA / cm 2 The precursor of the polyaniline-graphene composite material can be a uniform mixture of graphene, aniline and an acidic reagent, which can realize uniform distribution of polyaniline and graphene at the molecular level. Then, the polyaniline-graphene composite material is directly prepared on the surface of the fan blade 101 by electropolymerization, which is simple in steps and the conductive layer 113a of the polyaniline-graphene composite material has uniform thickness, so that the interlaced network of the polyaniline-graphene is more uniform, and the information of the lightning position and damage condition can be more accurately reflected.

[0045] Further preferably, in the fan blade 101 provided in the embodiment, the precursor of the polyaniline-graphene composite material is a mixture of graphene, aniline and a perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer solution.

[0046] In the embodiment, first, by setting the partitioned conductive layer 113 on the surface of the fan blade 101, the tip conductive layer 113a which is more likely to be iced and struck by lightning is set as a conjugated polymer material, the integration of the surface heating structure and the lightning protection structure can be achieved, and the characteristics of the conjugated polymer material can make the tip 1011 of the fan blade 101 have better lightning protection effect.

[0047] Secondly, polyaniline-graphene composite material is used as the material of the tip conductive layer 113a, and through the interlaced structure of the uniform composite of polyaniline and graphene, an interlaced network between the conductor and the conductor resistance can be formed, so that when lightning occurs, not only the rapid diversion of current can be realized through the graphene conductor network, but also real-time monitoring of the lightning position can be realized, and through the interlaced network, the lightning position and damage information can be quickly determined.

[0048] Finally, a perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer solution is used as an acidic reagent for polymerization, and the obtained polyaniline-graphene composite material is doped with a perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer, and the perfluorosulfonate ion as a high ionic liquid sequence ion can further improve the anti-icing and hydrophobic performance of the tip conductive layer 113a.

[0049] The following experiments further prove the lightning protection and anti-icing performance of the tip conductive layer 113a provided in the embodiment.

[0050] 1. Material preparation

[0051] 1.1 Preparation of conductive layer of polyaniline-graphene composite material

[0052] The graphene and aniline are added to a perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer solution with a concentration of 0.01wt% in a ratio of 1:5, and ultrasonic oscillation is performed for 5 minutes at an ultrasonic oscillation power of 800w. Then, the ultrasonic oscillation dispersion temperature is controlled at 20°C by circulating cold water, and a uniformly dispersed graphene-aniline suspension is obtained.

[0053] The suspension is spin-coated onto a 10cm x 10cm electrode substrate (polymer composite substrate), and vacuum dried at 25°C for 30 minutes at a vacuum degree of 2KPa to obtain an aniline-graphene modified electrode, as shown in the schematic diagram Figure 3 , wherein 1 is a graphene sheet layer, 2 is an aniline monomer, and 3 is an electrode substrate. The graphene sheet layer 1 is irregularly shaped and uniformly dispersed on the surface of the electrode substrate 3 with the aniline monomer 2. The aniline-graphene modified electrode is electro-polymerized by constant current method, the electrolyte is 0.5mol·L-1 HNO3 solution, the aniline-graphene modified electrode is the working electrode, platinum is the auxiliary electrode, and saturated calomel electrode is the reference electrode, and the current density is 0.5mA / cm 2 , 5mA / cm2 , 10 mA / cm 2 , 50 s, 70 s, 100 s, respectively, and the electrode substrate was taken out, washed, and dried to obtain sample 1, sample 2, and sample 3.

[0054] 1.2 Preparation of a conductive layer of a polythiophene-graphene composite material

[0055] The graphene and thiophene were added to a 0.01wt% perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer solution in a ratio of 1:5, and ultrasonic oscillation was performed for 5 min at an ultrasonic oscillation power of 800w. Then, the ultrasonic oscillation dispersion temperature was controlled at 20°C by circulating cold water to obtain a uniformly dispersed graphene-thiophene suspension.

[0056] The suspension was spin-coated onto a 10cm x 10cm electrode substrate (a polymer composite substrate), vacuum dried at 25°C for 30 min at a vacuum degree of 2KPa to obtain a thiophene-graphene modified electrode. The thiophene-graphene modified electrode was subjected to electro-polymerization by a constant current method, the electrolyte was a 0.5mol·L-1 HNO3 solution, the thiophene-graphene modified electrode was the working electrode, platinum was the auxiliary electrode, and a saturated calomel electrode was the reference electrode, and the current density was 5mA / cm 2 , 70 s, and the electrode substrate was taken out, washed, and dried to obtain sample 4.

[0057] 1.3 Preparation of a conductive layer of a polypyrrole-graphene composite material

[0058] The graphene and pyrrole were added to a 0.01wt% perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer solution in a ratio of 1:5, and ultrasonic oscillation was performed for 5 min at an ultrasonic oscillation power of 800w. Then, the ultrasonic oscillation dispersion temperature was controlled at 20°C by circulating cold water to obtain a uniformly dispersed graphene-pyrrole suspension.

[0059] The suspension was spin-coated onto a 10cm x 10cm electrode substrate (a polymer composite substrate), vacuum dried at 25°C for 30 min at a vacuum degree of 2KPa to obtain a pyrrole-graphene modified electrode. The pyrrole-graphene modified electrode was subjected to electro-polymerization by a constant current method, the electrolyte was a 0.5mol·L-1 HNO3 solution, the pyrrole-graphene modified electrode was the working electrode, platinum was the auxiliary electrode, and a saturated calomel electrode was the reference electrode, and the current density was 5mA / cm 2 , 70 s, and the electrode substrate was taken out, washed, and dried to obtain sample 5.

[0060] In addition, a 10cm x 10cm polymer composite substrate without processing was used as a control sample.

[0061] 2. Material characterization

[0062] 2.1 Measurement of physical properties

[0063] The thickness, resistivity, ignition point and tensile strength of samples 1-5 and the control sample were measured at room temperature. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1

[0065]

[0066] From the thickness data in Table 1, it can be seen that as the current density and polymerization time increase, the thickness of the conjugated polymer material conductive layer also increases. Considering that the increase in the thickness of the conjugated polymer material conductive layer will also affect the self-weight of the fan blade 101, it is preferred that the current density is 5 mA / cm 2 , that is, the thickness of the conjugated polymer material conductive layer is 0.05 mm, which is optimal, and can simultaneously achieve the effects of durability and lightness.

[0067] From the resistivity and conductivity data in Table 1, it can be seen that the conjugated polymer material conductive layer provided by the present embodiment has lower resistance and better conductivity than the composite polymer substrate of the fan blade 101, thereby being able to conduct lightning current, and at the same time, the conductivity of the conjugated polymer material is much lower than that of conductor materials such as graphite, thereby making the tip conductive layer 103a have better lightning protection effect than the main body conductive layer 103b, and being able to cooperate with the electric heating device 1012 to rapidly heat up and improve the electric heating anti-icing effect of the tip 1011. Among them, the polyaniline-graphene composite material conductive layer of sample 1-3 has the highest resistivity and the lowest conductivity, and can better play the effects of lightning protection and deicing.

[0068] From the highest fire resistance temperature data in Table 1, it can be seen that the conjugated polymer material provided by the present embodiment has a lower fire resistance temperature than the composite polymer substrate of the fan blade 101, so that when the current cannot be timely conducted, the conjugated polymer material conductive layer of the present embodiment can replace the composite polymer substrate of the fan blade 101 to deform and ash, thereby avoiding damage to the substrate of the tip 1011.

[0069] From the ultimate tensile strength data in Table 1, it can be seen that the conjugated polymer material conductive layer provided by the present embodiment can improve the strength of the composite polymer substrate of the fan blade 101 after being combined with the composite polymer substrate of the fan blade 101, wherein the polyaniline-graphene composite material conductive layer improves the tensile strength of the composite polymer substrate of the fan blade 101 more, and the improvement of the tensile strength of the composite polymer substrate of the fan blade 101 is linearly positively correlated with the thickness of the conjugated polymer material conductive layer.

[0070] 2.1 Lightning strike simulation test

[0071] The sample 2, 4, 5 and control sample surface is divided into 10*10 squares, the center of the sample 1-5 and the control sample is simulated by lightning strike by using the Marx generator, the damage square number of the sample 1-5 and the control sample is counted, Figure 4 is the damage data column chart of the sample 2, 4, 5 and the control sample in the lightning strike simulation.

[0072] As Figure 4 shown, the conductive layer of the conjugated polymer material can effectively reduce the damage degree of the composite polymer base material of the fan blade 101 after lightning strike, and has better protection effect on the fan blade 101. It is worth mentioning that among the three kinds of conjugated polymer materials in the experiment, the polyaniline-graphene composite material has more excellent lightning protection effect.

[0073] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fan blade with an electrothermal de-icing mechanism, characterized in that, include The blade body has a pointed outer end. A conductive layer is disposed on the surface of the blade body. At least the conductive layer corresponding to the tip is made of a conjugated polymer material, while the other conductive layers on the surface of the blade body are made of a main conductive material with a higher conductivity than the conjugated polymer material. The ignition point of the conjugated polymer material is lower than that of the substrate of the blade body. The conjugated polymer material is a polyaniline-graphene composite material. The area of ​​the conductive layer made of the conjugated polymer material spread on the tip is greater than 20 cm². 2 ; An electric heating device is electrically connected to the conductive layer; The precursor of the polyaniline-graphene composite material is a mixture of graphene, aniline, and a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution; The polyaniline-graphene composite material is formed in a uniform compounding manner, resulting in an interlaced structure.

2. The fan blade with an electrothermal de-icing mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The precursor of the polyaniline-graphene composite material is coated and electropolymerized onto the surface of the wind turbine blade, with a current density of 50-100 mA / cm² used during the electropolymerization process. 2 .

3. The fan blade with an electrothermal de-icing mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main conductive material is a composite material formed by one or more of polyacetylene, polydiacetylene, poly(p-phenylene), poly(p-phenylenevinylene), polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, and polyethylene dioxythiophene with carbon fiber, graphite, and graphene.

4. The fan blade with an electrothermal de-icing mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electric heating device has an overcurrent protection device.

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