Industrial furnace arch-ring forming method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for making arch bricks in industrial furnaces, which includes the following steps: 1) determining the type and quantity of refractory bricks for making arch bricks; 2) preparing the arch formwork by carpenters; 3) on-site masonry by furnace builders. Step 1) specifically includes the following contents: A. According to the type of a certain refractory brick, determining the smallest diameter circular arch that can be built; B. According to the combined type of refractory bricks and the central angle of the arch, determining the span of the arch that can be built; C. According to the span of the arch, determining the selected type of refractory brick; D. According to the degree of the central angle of the arch and the span L of the arch, obtaining the height h of the arch; E. According to the span of the arch, the degree of the central angle of the arch, the masonry thickness of the arch, and the combination of refractory bricks, determining the type and quantity of refractory bricks. The present invention can shorten the material selection and construction time, bring great convenience to industrial furnace construction personnel, improve the design, installation and construction efficiency, reduce the labor intensity of construction personnel, ensure the construction and installation accuracy, and improve the design, installation and construction quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of industrial furnace design and construction, and particularly to an industrial furnace arch building method, which can shorten the design, material selection and construction time, improve work efficiency, and bring great convenience to the industrial furnace design and construction. Background Art

[0002] When building or repairing an industrial furnace, the arch building work is often encountered. The arch building process is a technical difficulty in building an industrial furnace, and the quality of the arch building directly affects the service life of the industrial furnace.

[0003] The arch building work must be completed through three work processes: 1. Preparation of the type and quantity of refractory bricks for arch building; 2. Preparation of the arch formwork by carpenters; 3. On-site building by furnace builders.

[0004] In building or repairing an industrial furnace, the commonly used straight refractory brick models are T-3 and T-12. Among them,

[0005] The size of the straight brick T-3 is length × width × height = 230 × 113 × 65 mm;

[0006] The size of the straight brick T-12 is length × width × height = 300 × 225 × 65 mm.

[0007] The commonly used wedge-shaped refractory brick models are T-19, T-20, T-34, T-35, T-38, T-39 and other models.

[0008] The preparation of the type and quantity of refractory bricks for arch building is a highly technical job. The calculation method is introduced in the book "Furnace Builder's Handbook"; however, the calculation according to the formulas listed therein is relatively complex, not easy for furnace builders to master, and there are many number tables which are inconvenient to carry, prolonging the design, material selection and construction time, reducing work efficiency, and bringing convenience to the industrial furnace design and construction. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and provide an industrial furnace arch building method. In the common data and formulas of the present invention, there is only one unknown L, and the span of the arch, the thickness of the arch and the degree of the central angle are easily obtained data. Therefore, these data and formulas of the present invention are very convenient to use, greatly shortening the material selection and construction work time, improving work efficiency, and also bringing great convenience to the industrial furnace design.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

[0011] 1. An industrial furnace arch-ring building method, comprising the following steps: 1) determining the type and quantity of refractory bricks for arch-ring building; 2) preparing the arch-ring formwork by carpenters; 3) on-site masonry by furnace builders. The specific content of step 1) is as follows:

[0012] A. According to the type of a certain refractory brick, determine the minimum diameter of the circular arch that can be built.

[0013] B. According to the combined type of refractory bricks and the central angle of the arch-ring, determine the span of the arch-ring that can be built.

[0014] C. According to the span of the arch-ring, determine the selected type of refractory brick.

[0015] D. According to the degree of the central angle of the arch-ring and the span L of the arch-ring, obtain the height h of the arch-ring.

[0016] E. According to the span of the arch-ring, the degree of the central angle of the arch-ring, the masonry thickness of the arch-ring, and the combination of refractory bricks, determine the quantity of various refractory bricks.

[0017] Step A, according to the type of a certain refractory brick, determining the minimum diameter of the circular arch that can be built, is determined according to Table 1.

[0018] Table 1 Common wedge-shaped refractory brick types and parameters

[0019] .

[0020] Step B, according to the combined type of refractory bricks and the central angle of the arch-ring, determining the span of the arch-ring that can be built, is determined according to Table 2.

[0021] Table 2 Common data for industrial furnace arch-ring building

[0022]

[0023] Step C, according to the span of the arch-ring, determining the selected type of refractory brick, is determined according to Table 2.

[0024] Step D, according to the degree of the central angle of the arch-ring and the span L of the arch-ring, obtaining the height h of the arch-ring, is determined according to the height-span ratio in Tables 3 and 4.

[0025] Step E, according to the span of the arch-ring, the degree of the central angle of the arch-ring, the masonry thickness of the arch-ring, and the combination of refractory bricks, determining the quantity of various refractory bricks, is determined according to Tables 3 and 4.

[0026] Table 3 Common data for industrial furnace arch-ring building and formula 1

[0027]

[0028] Table 4 Common data for industrial furnace arch-ring building and formula 2

[0029]

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] In the common data and formulas of the present invention, there is only one unknown L, and the span of the arch, the thickness of the arch, and the degree of the central angle are data that can be easily obtained according to the design. Therefore, these data and formulas of the present invention are very convenient to use, bringing great convenience to the design of industrial furnaces and improving the design efficiency. The present invention can greatly shorten the working time of material selection and construction, improve the working efficiency, and also bring great convenience to the construction personnel of industrial furnaces, improve the installation and construction efficiency, reduce the labor intensity of the construction personnel, and improve the economic and social benefits. The implementation of the present invention is simple in operation, and at the same time, it is easy to ensure the construction and installation accuracy, meet the requirements of the design standards, and fully and reliably ensure the quality of design, installation and construction. Specific implementation manners

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art of the present technology to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0033] An industrial furnace arch-ring laying method includes the following steps: 1) determining the type and quantity of refractory bricks for arch-ring laying; 2) preparing the arch-ring formwork by carpenters; 3) on-site masonry by furnace builders. The specific content of the step 1) includes the following:

[0034] A. According to the type of a certain refractory brick, determine the smallest diameter circular arch that can be built, as determined according to Table 1;

[0035] B. According to the combined type of refractory bricks and the central angle of the arch-ring, determine the span of the arch-ring that can be built;

[0036] C. According to the span of the arch-ring, determine the selected type of refractory brick;

[0037] D. According to the degree of the central angle of the arch-ring and the span L of the arch-ring, obtain the height h of the arch-ring;

[0038] E. According to the span of the arch-ring, the degree of the central angle of the arch-ring, the laying thickness of the arch-ring, and the combination of refractory bricks, determine the quantity of various refractory bricks.

[0039] The step A, according to the type of a certain refractory brick, determining the smallest diameter circular arch that can be built, is determined according to Table 1;

[0040] Table 1 Common wedge-shaped refractory brick types and parameters

[0041]

[0042] Step B determines the span of the arch that can be built according to the combined type of refractory bricks and the central angle of the arch ring, as determined from Table 2.

[0043] Table 2 Common data for arch construction in industrial furnaces

[0044]

[0045] Step C determines the selected type of refractory bricks according to the span of the arch ring, as determined from Table 2.

[0046] Step D obtains the height h of the arch ring based on the degree of the central angle of the arch ring and the span L of the arch ring; it is determined according to the height-span ratio in Tables 3 and 4.

[0047] Step E determines the quantity of various refractory bricks according to the span of the arch ring, the degree of the central angle of the arch ring, the masonry thickness of the arch ring, and the combination of refractory bricks, as determined from Table 3 or Table 4.

[0048] Table 3 Common data for arch construction in industrial furnaces and Formula 1

[0049]

[0050] Table 4 Common data for arch construction in industrial furnaces and Formula 2

[0051]

[0052] 1. Example 1

[0053] Referring to Table 1, according to the type of refractory bricks, the diameter of the circular arch that can be built can be found. For example: For T-38 type refractory bricks, only a circular arch with a diameter of 1266 mm can be built. If the diameter of the circular arch to be built is less than 1266 mm, the use of T-39 type refractory bricks should be considered for combination. If the diameter of the circular arch to be built is greater than 1266 mm, the use of T-3 type straight refractory bricks should be considered for combination.

[0054] 2. Example 2

[0055] Referring to Table 2, in Step B, according to the type of a certain refractory brick, the central angle and span of the arch ring, the combined type of refractory bricks is determined.

[0056] According to the type of refractory bricks, the span of the arch that can be built can be found.

[0057] For example, for T-38 type refractory bricks, when the central angle is 60 0 °, the minimum span of the arch to be built is 633 mm. If the span of the arch to be built is less than 633 mm, the use of T-39 type refractory bricks should be considered for combination. If the span of the arch to be built is greater than 633 mm, the use of T-3 type straight refractory bricks should be considered for combination.

[0058] 3. Example 3

[0059] Calculate the reasonable span of the combined refractory bricks with reference to Table 3 and Table 4

[0060] Take the T-38 refractory brick with a central angle of 60 0 as an example

[0061] The number of bricks in each ring is equal to 12

T-38

T-3

[0062] The number of T-38 in each ring is 12 pieces (a constant),

[0063] The number of T-3 bricks in each ring n = 0.016(L - 633),

[0064] Since the number of bricks should be an integer, 0.016(L - 633)in this formula should be taken as an integer

[0065] Then L = n / 0.016 + 633 (mm)

[0066] Let n = 1, 2, 3, 4,...

[0067] Then L1 = 696mm, L2 = 758mm,

[0068] L3 = 821mm, L4 = 883mm, etc.

[0069] Thus, the reasonable span of the combined use of T-38 refractory bricks and T-3 refractory bricks can be calculated

[0070] 4. Example 4

[0071] With reference to Table 3 and Table 4, calculate the quantity of straight refractory bricks and wedge refractory bricks used according to the span and thickness of the arch

[0072] Given that the span of the arch is 750mm and the degree of the central angle is 60 0 , and it is desired to build an arch with a thickness of 113mm, find the type and quantity of refractory bricks for each ring of the arch

[0073] Check Table 3 and Table 4 to get: 750 > 633mm,

[0074] The number of T-38 refractory bricks in each ring of the arch is 12 pieces;

[0075] The number of T-3 straight refractory bricks in each ring of the arch is 0.016×750 - 10.18 = 1.82, and the integer is taken as 2 pieces

[0076] 5. Example 5

[0077] With reference to Table 3 and Table 4, calculate the quantity of two types of wedge refractory bricks according to the span and thickness of the arch

[0078] The span of the arch is known to be 750 mm and the degree of the central angle is 60 0 , and it is desired to build an arch with a thickness of 230 mm. Find the type and quantity of refractory bricks for each ring of the arch.

[0079] Refer to Table 3 and Table 4 to obtain: 750 > 529 mm. The number of T-20 type refractory bricks for each ring of the arch is

[0080] 20.44 - 0.016×750 = 8.44, and the integer is taken as 8 pieces;

[0081] The number of T-19 type refractory bricks for each ring of the arch is 0.032×750 - 16.79 = 7.21, and the integer is taken as 7 pieces.

[0082] 6. Example 6

[0083] Refer to Table 3 and Table 4, and calculate the quantities of two types of wedge-shaped refractory bricks according to the span and thickness of the arch.

[0084] The span of the arch is known to be 750 mm and the degree of the central angle is 60 0 , and it is desired to build an arch with a thickness of 300 mm. Find the type and quantity of refractory bricks for each ring of the arch.

[0085] Refer to Table 3 and Table 4 to obtain: 750 > 690 mm. The number of T-35 type refractory bricks for each ring of the arch is

[0086] 26.66 - 0.016×750 = 14.66, and the integer is taken as 15 pieces;

[0087] The number of T-34 type refractory bricks for each ring of the arch is 0.032×750 - 21.9 = 2.1, and the integer is taken as 2 pieces.

[0088] The above three results of Examples 4, 5, and 6 vary according to the thickness of the arch to be built.

[0089] According to the span and central angle of the arch, the present invention can quickly determine the combined type of refractory bricks for the arch to be built by referring to Table 1 and Table 2, and then calculate the quantity of each type of refractory brick for each ring of the arch by referring to Table 3 and Table 4.

[0090] In the common data and formulas of the present invention, there is only one unknown L, and the span of the arch, the thickness of the arch, and the degree of the central angle are easily obtained data. Therefore, these data and formulas of the present invention are very convenient to use. It greatly shortens the working time of material selection and construction, improves work efficiency, and also brings great convenience to the design of industrial furnaces.

[0091] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The description of specific embodiments is only for better understanding the idea of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements or equivalent replacements can be made in accordance with the principles of the present invention, and these improvements or equivalent replacements are also regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An industrial furnace arch-building method, comprising the following steps: 1) determining the type and quantity of refractory bricks for arch-building; 2) preparing the arch formwork by carpenters; 3) on-site masonry by furnace builders, characterized in that, The specific content of step 1) is as follows: A. Determine the smallest diameter circular arch that can be built according to the model of a certain refractory brick; B. Determine the span of the arch that can be built according to the combined model of refractory bricks and the central angle of the arch; C. Determine the selected model of refractory bricks according to the span of the arch; D. Obtain the height h of the arch according to the degree of the central angle of the arch and the span L of the arch; E. Determine the quantity of various refractory bricks according to the span of the arch, the degree of the central angle of the arch, the laying thickness of the arch, and the combination of refractory bricks; For step A, determining the smallest diameter circular arch that can be built according to the model of a certain refractory brick is determined according to Table 1; Table 1 Common wedge-shaped refractory brick models and parameters For step B, determining the span of the arch that can be built according to the combined model of refractory bricks and the central angle of the arch is determined according to Table 2; Table 2 Common data of industrial furnace arch rings For step C, determining the selected model of refractory bricks according to the span of the arch is determined according to Table 2; The arch height h in step D is determined according to Table 3 or the height-span ratio in Table 4; Table 3 Common data of industrial furnace arch rings and formula 1 Table 4 Common data of industrial furnace arch rings and formula 2 For step E, determining the model and quantity of refractory bricks is determined according to Table 3 or Table 4.

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