A multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device

Abstract

This invention provides a multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device that can be used in conjunction with synchrotron radiation sources, X-ray machines, and other equipment. It includes a temperature module providing cooling, heating, atmospheric fields, and magnetic fields for the specimen to be tested; a swing platform; a rotation module; and a mechanism that drives the rotation module to move inward or outward. The swing platform, rotation module, and mechanism work together to provide the specimen with tensile / compression, torsion, and tension-torsion / compression-torsion movements. The swing platform and rotation module enable X-ray diffraction imaging and X-ray tomography at various angles during mechanical testing of the specimen. This invention can study the mechanical properties of materials in service under complex working conditions and is of great significance to the field of in-situ testing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of in-situ testing devices and relates to a multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device. Background Art

[0002] X-ray diffraction is the main analytical method for studying the physical phase and crystal structure of substances. It does not damage the sample, is pollution-free, fast, has high measurement accuracy, and can obtain a lot of information about the integrity of the crystal. X-ray tomography can easily understand the internal structure, geometry and composition without staining, slicing, cutting or cross-sectioning. Both characterization techniques are very important sample analysis methods.

[0003] The high-energy synchrotron X-rays emitted from synchrotron radiation light sources have higher resolution and shorter imaging time, and can better characterize samples compared to ordinary X-rays.

[0004] The size of a synchrotron radiation source is very large. The size of an X-ray machine in a general laboratory is about one or two meters, while the circumference of a synchrotron radiation source can reach several hundred meters or even more than one kilometer. The diffraction angle of an X-ray diffractometer used in a general laboratory is easy to adjust, but the diffraction angle of a synchrotron radiation X-ray is difficult to adjust, that is, it is somewhat difficult to perform X-ray diffraction under a synchrotron radiation source.

[0005] Components that are widely used in important fields such as aerospace, rail transportation, and marine engineering often serve in complex and harsh environments. For example, lunar probes need to serve under alternating high and low temperature loads of -133℃ to 127℃ and complex atmosphere fields such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, and oxygen. However, the in-situ testing devices that currently use X-rays (especially synchrotron X-rays) to study the mechanical properties of components can usually only achieve coupled loading of a single temperature field and force field, and can only carry out X-ray diffraction or X-ray tomography tests alone, which is difficult to meet the various research needs of researchers.

[0006] Magnetic field, atmosphere field, temperature field, and stress field are all important physical environments. In order to study the mechanical properties and damage mechanisms of components under various complex service environments, it is urgent to develop a multifunctional multi-field coupled in-situ testing device that is compatible with both X-ray and synchrotron radiation light sources. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device, which can carry out X-ray diffraction, X-ray tomography and other experiments at various angles on a specimen through a swing platform and a rotating module, achieve uniform heating of the specimen through a cylindrical heating tube, quickly introduce gas into the specimen through pores evenly distributed on the inner wall of the heating tube, achieve uniform cooling of the specimen by introducing different cooling media into a spiral tubular refrigeration tube, provide AC / DC magnetic fields and a uniform magnetic field through a Helmholtz coil, and apply tensile / compressive, torsion, tension-twist / compression-twist and other loads to the specimen through a mechanical loading component.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device provides stretching / compression, torsion, tension / torsion / compression / torsion, cooling, heating, atmosphere field and magnetic field for the test piece to be tested. The overall structure is arranged vertically, including a rectangular plate-shaped bottom plate arranged in the vertical direction, a stretching motor is fixedly arranged on a corner of the bottom plate, the axis of the output shaft of the stretching motor is parallel to the plane where the bottom plate is located and perpendicular to the center line of the bottom plate, the output shaft of the stretching motor is connected to and drives a vertically arranged transmission shaft to rotate, the transmission shaft is connected to and drives two parallel and symmetrically arranged bidirectional lead screws to rotate, two rectangular plate-shaped bases are respectively threadedly connected to the same-direction threaded sections of the two bidirectional lead screws through two lead screw nuts on the upper back and two lead screw nuts on the lower back of each base, so as to bridge the two bases on the two bidirectional lead screws, each base is fixedly provided with a slider on the upper and lower parts, the base is slidably connected to two guide rails symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate through the slider, and the two bases are driven to move inward or outward along the guide rails through the rotation of the two bidirectional lead screws;

[0010] There is a box-shaped temperature module fixed on the bottom plate between the two bases. The test piece to be tested is located in the temperature module and the temperature module provides cooling, heating, atmosphere and magnetic field for it. A rotation module is provided on each of the two bases. The two rotation modules are symmetrically arranged. The clamps of the two rotation modules extend from both sides of the temperature module and clamp the two ends of the test piece and provide infinite angle rotation loading for the test piece to realize X-ray tomography. At the same time, the tensile loading is provided for the test piece through the movement of the two bases apart outwards.

[0011] The center of the back of the bottom plate is connected to the external test table behind the bottom plate through a swing platform. The swing platform can drive the bottom plate to perform vertical pitching, left-right tilting, and front-back lifting on the external test table to achieve diffraction of the specimen at various angles.

[0012] The light emitted by the external light source for testing is irradiated on the test piece through the temperature module, then passes through the bottom plate and the external test table, and is received by the external light receiving device.

[0013] Further technical solutions include:

[0014] The temperature module comprises a rear cover plate of a rectangular box structure with an opening at the front, a heating tube arranged in the rear cover plate, a refrigeration tube wound into a spiral tube shape in the heating tube, a Helmholtz coil located at both ends of the heating tube, and a front cover plate covering and sealing the front opening of the rear cover plate, a circular front window body is opened on the front cover plate, a circular rear window body symmetrically arranged with the front window body is opened on the rear panel of the rear cover plate, a group of circular through holes symmetrically arranged and corresponding to and connected with the front window body and the rear window body are opened on the heating tube, a transmission hole of a circular through hole structure corresponding to the rear window body is opened on the bottom plate, and the front window body, the rear window body, the two circular through holes on the wall of the heating tube and the transmission hole on the bottom plate form a channel for transmitting synchrotron radiation X-rays;

[0015] The heating tube is a cylindrical structure with double-layer tube walls and a cavity between the two tube walls. The cooling tube is fixed on the inner surface of the inner tube wall of the heating tube. The two end openings of the cooling tube extend out of the rear cover plate through No. 1 interfaces arranged on the two side surfaces of the rear cover plate. There are two heating tube connecting tubes extending forward and connected to the cavity between the two tube walls of the heating tube on the outer tube wall of the heating tube. The two heating tube connecting tubes extend from the front cover plate. There are multiple inner tube wall through holes evenly arranged and connected to the cavity between the two tube walls of the heating tube on the inner tube wall of the heating tube. Two electric heating wires are arranged between the two tube walls of the heating tube. Two terminals are arranged on one end surface of the heating tube. The two electric heating wires are connected by two ends respectively. The two heating wires are led out from the No. 2 interface on the upper panel of the rear cover plate. A temperature sensor is installed on the other end face of the heating tube, and the lead of the temperature sensor is passed through the No. 3 interface on the upper panel of the rear cover plate. A rectangular sealing ring groove is arranged on the inner surface of the front cover plate, and a rectangular sealing ring is arranged in the sealing ring groove and is located between the front cover plate and the rear cover plate for sealing. The Helmholtz coils at both ends are fixed to the two ends of a rectangular coil connecting plate. The two side panels of the rear cover plate are provided with symmetrically arranged circular through holes. The circular through holes of the two Helmholtz coils, the cylindrical cavity formed by the inner wall of the heating tube and the circular through holes of the two side panels of the rear cover plate are coaxial.

[0016] The heating wire in the heating tube is connected to an external heating power supply, the lead wire of the temperature sensor and the heating power supply are connected to an external temperature controller, the refrigeration tube is connected to an external cryogenic liquid bottle with a cryogenic liquid pump so that the refrigeration medium is introduced into the refrigeration tube, and the cryogenic liquid pump of the cryogenic liquid bottle is connected to the temperature controller.

[0017] The rotating module includes a rotating motor fixed on the base through a rotating motor seat, the axis of the output shaft of the rotating motor is parallel to the plane where the base plate is located and perpendicular to the center line of the base plate, the output shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to a small gear, the small gear is meshed with a large gear, the large gear is fixed to the rear of a rotating shaft, the rear end of the rotating shaft is connected to a clamp through a tension pressure sensor, the clamp passes through the circular through holes of the two side panels of the rear cover plate and then extends into the heating tube, the clamps of the two rotating modules clamp the test pieces from both ends of the test pieces located in the heating tube, and there is an annular sealing ring between the rotating shafts of the two rotating modules and the circular through holes of the two side panels of the rear cover plate for sealing.

[0018] A front window mounting hole with a circular through-hole structure is provided in the center of the front cover, and the front window is installed in the front window mounting hole. A handle for convenient removal of the front cover and two fifth interfaces located on the inner side of the handle for passing the two heating tube connecting tubes are welded at the left and right ends of the front surface of the front cover.

[0019] A rear window mounting hole with a circular through-hole structure is opened in the center of the rear cover, and the rear window is installed in the rear window mounting hole. The inner wall and the outer wall of the rear cover are hollow, and a fourth interface is provided on the rear cover to connect the cavity between the inner wall and the outer wall of the rear cover with the outside.

[0020] The rocking platform includes a lower support frame of a triangular plate structure with a triangular hollow portion and an upper support frame with the same structure as the lower support frame and symmetrically arranged at intervals. There are three electric cylinders between the upper support frame and the lower support frame, which are respectively located at three corner points. The cylinder body of the electric cylinder is hinged to the corner point of the lower support frame, and the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder is hinged to the corner point of the upper support frame. The upper surface of the upper support frame is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the base plate, and the lower surface of the lower support frame is fixedly connected to the external test bench during the test. An angle sensor is fixedly connected to the side of one side of the upper support frame, and the observation hole on the base plate is located within the projection of the triangular hollow portion of the lower support frame on the base plate.

[0021] The stretching motor is fixed on the base plate through a stretching motor seat. The end of the output shaft of the stretching motor is meshed with the bevel gear at the top of the transmission shaft through a fixed bevel gear. Two sections of worm are arranged at intervals on the transmission shaft. The front ends of the two bidirectional lead screws are meshed with the corresponding worms through worm wheels. The two ends of the bidirectional lead screw are supported on the base plate by a lead screw support seat and a lead screw fixing seat respectively.

[0022] The temperature module is fixed on the upper surface of the base plate through a temperature module mounting frame, the temperature module mounting frame includes a mounting frame with a hollow middle portion, the rear surface of the rear cover of the temperature module is fixed on the mounting frame, and the four corner points of the mounting frame are fixed on the upper surface of the base plate through four fixing columns.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The cylindrical heating tube and the spiral cooling tube can not only create a variable temperature field for the specimen, allowing the specimen to be heated quickly, but also enable the specimen to be heated evenly.

[0025] 2. By introducing various gases into the heating tube, various atmospheres of the test piece under real working conditions can be simulated. The evenly distributed pores on the inner wall of the entire heating tube allow the gas to quickly fill the heating tube, reducing the ventilation time and improving the ventilation efficiency.

[0026] 3. The low temperature range of refrigeration is divided into low temperature, extremely low temperature and ultra-low temperature range. Different refrigerants are introduced into the refrigeration pipe according to the required low temperature range, thereby avoiding the waste of refrigeration resources. When the temperature module needs to be cooled to room temperature, only cooling water needs to be introduced into the refrigeration pipe to restore the temperature module to normal temperature.

[0027] 4. The in-situ mechanical testing device is compatible with conventional X-ray machines and can be integrated with synchrotron radiation light sources, realizing X-ray-based diffraction imaging and tomography of the specimen.

[0028] 5. The swing platform enables the device to carry out not only X-ray diffraction experiments, but also multi-angle X-ray diffraction experiments.

[0029] 6. The angle sensor installed on the swing platform can provide real-time feedback of angle data, thus achieving precise angle control of the swing platform, so as to realize X-ray diffraction experiments at various angles.

[0030] 7 The bidirectional lead screw simultaneously stretches or compresses the specimen, which can ensure that the observation area of ​​the specimen is always located in the center of the X-ray field of view, that is, the position of the observation area of ​​the specimen remains unchanged.

[0031] 8. The joint use of tensile motor and rotary motor enables the specimen to carry out tensile / compression test, torsion test and tension-torsion / compression-torsion combined test.

[0032] 9. The temperature signal is fed back to the temperature controller through the temperature sensor to achieve precise temperature control.

[0033] 10. The Helmholtz coil can provide AC, DC and uniform magnetic fields, and has a simple structure, a large uniform area, a wide use space and is easy to operate.

[0034] 11. The front window and the rear window adopt a split design. While ensuring that the installation size remains unchanged, flat, hemispherical or semi-cylindrical beryllium windows, aluminum windows or polyimide windows can be used to compare the imaging differences of the test pieces under windows of different shapes and materials.

[0035] 12. The inner and outer walls of the rear cover are hollow, and vacuum insulation can be achieved by evacuating the inner and outer wall cavities. The vacuum insulation method enables the rear cover to achieve insulation without insulation materials, and the insulation effect of the vacuum insulation is better than that of general insulation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device provided by the present invention, in which the temperature module and the temperature module mounting frame are removed.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a rear view of a multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the swing platform in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 It is an exploded diagram of the temperature module in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Helmholtz coil in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heating tube in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the heating tube in the present invention.

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature control circuit of the temperature module in the present invention.

[0046] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the front cover plate in the present invention.

[0047] Fig.11 It is a front view of the rear cover plate in the present invention.

[0048] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 Cross-sectional view in the FF direction.

[0049] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the temperature module mounting frame in the present invention.

[0050] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of X-ray diffraction imaging.

[0051] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of an X-ray tomography scan.

[0052] In the figure: 1. Base plate, 2. Tension motor, 3. Tension motor seat, 4. Bevel gear, 5. Worm, 6. Worm wheel, 7. Transmission shaft, 8. Transmission shaft support seat, 9. Screw support seat, 10. Screw nut, 11. Base, 12. Rotation shaft support seat, 13. Rotation shaft, 14. Tension pressure sensor, 15. Fixture, 16. Test piece, 17. Large gear, 18. Small gear, 19. Rotation motor seat, 20. Rotation motor, 21. Screw fixing seat, 22. Slider, 23. Guide rail, 24. Bidirectional screw, 25. Swing Platform, 26. Temperature module, 27. Temperature module mounting bracket, 251. Lower support bracket, 252. Electric cylinder, 253. Angle sensor, 254. Upper support bracket, 261. Front cover, 262. Rear cover, 263. Heating tube, 264. Refrigeration tube, 265, Helmholtz coil, 266. Front window, 267. Rectangular sealing ring, 268. Sealing ring, 269. Rear window, 2610. Temperature sensor, A. First interface, B. Second interface, C. Third interface, D. Fourth interface, E. Fifth interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0054] The present invention provides a multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device, which provides tension / compression, torsion, tension-twist / compression-twist, cooling, heating, atmosphere field and magnetic field for the test piece 16 to be tested. The overall structure is arranged vertically, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, it includes a rectangular plate-shaped bottom plate 1 arranged in the vertical direction, a stretching motor 2 is fixedly arranged on a corner of the bottom plate 1, the axis of the output shaft of the stretching motor 2 is parallel to the plane where the bottom plate 1 is located and perpendicular to the center line of the bottom plate 1, the output shaft of the stretching motor 2 is connected to and drives a vertically arranged transmission shaft 7 to rotate, the transmission shaft 7 is connected to and drives two parallel and symmetrically arranged bidirectional lead screws 24 to rotate, two rectangular plate-shaped bases 11 are respectively threadedly connected with the same-direction threaded sections of the two bidirectional lead screws 24 through two lead screw nuts 10 on the upper part of their backs and two lead screw nuts 10 on the lower part of the backs, so that the two bases 11 are straddled on the two bidirectional lead screws 24, each base 11 is fixedly provided with a slider 22 on the upper and lower parts, the base 11 is slidably connected with two guide rails 23 symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate 1 through the slider 22, and the two bases 11 are driven to move inward or outward along the guide rails 23 through the rotation of the two bidirectional lead screws 24;

[0055] A temperature module 26 of a box structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 1 between the two bases 11. The test piece 16 to be tested is located in the temperature module 26 and provided with cooling, heating, atmosphere and magnetic field by the temperature module 26. A rotation module is respectively arranged on the two bases 11. The two rotation modules are symmetrically arranged. The clamps 15 of the two rotation modules extend from both sides of the temperature module 26 and clamp the two ends of the test piece 16 and provide rotation loading for the test piece 16. At the same time, the test piece 16 is provided with tensile loading through the movement of the two bases 11 to separate outwards.

[0056] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the center of the back side of the bottom plate 1 is connected to the external test table located behind the bottom plate 1 through a swing platform 25. The swing platform 25 includes a lower support frame 251 with a triangular plate structure having a triangular hollow portion and an upper support frame 254 having the same structure as the lower support frame 251 and symmetrically arranged at intervals. There are three electric cylinders 252 between the upper support frame 254 and the lower support frame 251, which are respectively located at three corner points. The cylinder body of the electric cylinder 252 is connected to the corner point of the lower support frame 251. The hinged ears perpendicular to the surface are hinged, the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder 252 is hinged to the hinged ears perpendicular to the surface of the upper support frame 254 set at the corner point of the upper support frame 254, the upper surface of the upper support frame 254 is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the bottom plate 1, the lower surface of the lower support frame 251 is fixedly connected to the external test table during the test, and an angle sensor 253 is fixedly connected to the side of one side of the upper support frame 254, and the observation hole on the bottom plate 1 is located in the projection of the triangular hollow part of the lower support frame 251 on the bottom plate 1. The electric cylinder 252 has high precision. By controlling the telescopic rods of the three electric cylinders 252 to extend to different heights, the pitch, tilt and lifting movement of the swing platform 25 can be completed, so that various spatial motion postures of the entire device can be simulated. The angle sensor 253 monitors the pitch angle of the swing platform 25 in real time, and feeds back the angle data to the control system to adjust the angle. Since the position of the X-ray beam remains unchanged, the device can be used to carry out X-ray diffraction experiments at various angles through the swing platform 25.

[0057] The light emitted by the external light source for testing passes through the temperature module 26 and then irradiates the test piece 16 , passes through the bottom plate 1 and the external test table, and is then received by the external light receiving device.

[0058] like Figure 5As shown, the temperature module 26 includes a rear cover plate 262 with a rectangular box structure having an opening at the front, a heating tube 263 disposed in the rear cover plate 262, a refrigeration tube 264 wound into a spiral tube shape and located in the heating tube 263, a Helmholtz coil 265 located at both ends of the heating tube 263, and a front cover plate 261 covering and sealing the front opening of the rear cover plate 262, a rear window mounting hole with a circular through hole structure is opened in the center of the rear cover plate 262, and a rear window 269 is mounted in the rear window mounting hole In the figure, a front window 266 symmetrically arranged with the rear window 269 is opened on the front panel of the front cover plate 261, a group of circular through holes symmetrically arranged and corresponding to and connected with the front window 266 and the rear window 269 are opened on the heating tube 263, a transmission hole of a circular through hole structure corresponding to the rear window 269 is opened on the bottom plate 1, and the front window 266, the rear window 269, the two circular through holes on the wall of the heating tube 263 and the transmission hole on the bottom plate 1 form a channel for transmitting synchrotron radiation X-rays.

[0059] The heating tube 263 is a cylindrical structure with a double-layer tube wall and a cavity between the two layers of tube walls. The cooling tube 264 is fixed on the inner surface of the inner tube wall of the heating tube 263. The two end openings of the cooling tube 264 extend out of the rear cover plate 262 through the No. 1 interface A set on the two side surfaces of the rear cover plate 262. There are two heating tube connecting tubes extending forward on the outer tube wall of the heating tube 263 and connected to the cavity between the two layers of tube walls of the heating tube 263. The two heating tube connecting tubes extend from the front cover plate 261. Two heating wires are arranged between the two layers of tube walls of the heating tube 263. Two terminals are arranged on one end surface of the heating tube 263. The two heating wires are led out from the two terminals respectively. The two heating wires pass through the No. 2 interface B on the upper wall of the rear cover plate 262. A temperature sensor 2610 is installed on the other end surface of the heating tube 263. The temperature sensor 2610 is a contact-type thermal resistor sensor. The lead wire of the temperature sensor 2610 passes through the No. 3 interface C on the upper wall of the rear cover plate 262. Figure 7 and 8 As shown, there are multiple inner wall through holes evenly spaced and connected to the cavity between the two walls of the heating tube 263 on the inner wall of the heating tube 263. When it is necessary to simulate the working conditions of the test piece 16 in an atmosphere environment, the required type of gas is introduced through the heating tube connecting tubes with two hollow tube structures on the outer surface of the heating tube 263, and the gas diffuses from the hollow structure between the inner wall and the outer wall of the heating tube 263 to the inner surface of the heating tube 263, thereby achieving the function of creating a gas atmosphere. When it is not necessary to introduce gas, a sealing device such as a sealing end cap is used to block the pipe opening of the heating tube connecting tube. The heating tube 263 can be made of any material with good thermal conductivity, such as silver blocks, copper blocks, etc., which can achieve rapid heat conduction. A rectangular sealing ring groove is provided on the inner surface of the front cover plate 261, and a rectangular sealing ring 267 is provided in the sealing ring groove and is located between the front cover plate 261 and the rear cover plate 262 for sealing. As shown Figure 6As shown, the Helmholtz coils 265 located on both sides of the rear cover plate 262 are composed of two coils with exactly the same radius and number of turns arranged in parallel and are fixed at both ends of a rectangular coil connecting plate. The coil connecting plate is fixed on the inner surface of one of the side panels of the rear cover plate 262. The two panels of the rear cover plate 262 are provided with symmetrically arranged circular through holes. The circular through holes of the two Helmholtz coils 265, the cylindrical cavity formed by the inner tube wall of the heating tube 263, and the circular through holes of the two side panels of the rear cover plate 262 are coaxial.

[0060] like Fig. 9 As shown, the specific temperature control process of the temperature module is as follows: the electric heating wire in the heating tube 263 is connected to the external heating power supply, the lead of the temperature sensor 2610 and the heating power supply are connected to the external temperature controller, the refrigeration tube 264 is connected to the external low-temperature liquid bottle with a low-temperature liquid pump so that the refrigeration tube 264 passes the refrigeration medium, and the low-temperature liquid pump of the low-temperature liquid bottle is connected to the temperature controller. When the test piece 16 needs to be heated up, the temperature sensor 2610 measures the real-time temperature of the test piece 16 and feeds the temperature back to the temperature controller. The flow rate of the refrigeration medium is controlled by the temperature controller, and the heating wire is started at the same time. The heat of the heating wire is quickly transferred to the heating tube 263 to achieve a relative balance between cold and heat, and the temperature rise is realized; when the test piece 16 needs to be cooled down in a gradient manner according to the low temperature, extremely low temperature, and ultra-low temperature range, a certain temperature drop rate is set for the temperature controller to control the flow rate of different refrigeration media entering the refrigeration tube 264, thereby achieving cooling. After the temperature test is completed, in order to avoid damage to the temperature module 26 after the temperature is increased, a cooling medium is introduced into the refrigeration pipe to cool the temperature module 26 to achieve the purpose of protection.

[0061] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the rotating module includes a rotating motor 20 fixed on the base 11 through a rotating motor seat 19, the axis of the output shaft of the rotating motor 20 is parallel to the plane where the bottom plate 1 is located and perpendicular to the center line of the bottom plate 1, the shell of the rotating motor 20 is fixed on the side plate of the rotating motor seat 19, the output shaft of the rotating motor 20 passes through the side plate of the rotating motor seat 19, the output shaft of the rotating motor 20 is fixedly connected with a small gear 18, the small gear 18 is meshed with a large gear 17, the large gear 17 is fixed to the rear of a rotating shaft 13, the rear end of the rotating shaft 13 is connected to a clamp 15 through a tension and pressure sensor 14, the clamp 15 passes through the circular through holes of the two side panels of the rear cover plate 262 and then extends into the heating tube 263, the clamps 15 of the two rotating modules clamp the test piece 16 from both ends of the test piece 16 located in the heating tube 263, and there is an annular sealing ring 268 for sealing between the rotating shafts 13 of the two rotating modules and the circular through holes of the two side panels of the rear cover plate 262.

[0062] like Fig.10As shown, a front window mounting hole with a circular through-hole structure is opened in the center of the front cover 261 for mounting front windows 266 of different sizes and shapes. A handle for convenient disassembly of the front cover 261 and two fifth interfaces E located on the inner side of the handle for passing the two heating tube connecting tubes are welded at the left and right ends of the front surface of the front cover 261.

[0063] like Fig.11 and 12 As shown, a rear window mounting hole with a circular through-hole structure is provided in the center of the rear cover plate 262, and rear windows 269 of different sizes and shapes can be installed without changing the installation size. The inner wall and the outer wall of the rear cover plate 262 are hollow structures, and a fourth interface D is provided on the rear cover plate 262 to connect the cavity between the inner wall and the outer wall of the rear cover plate 262 with the outside. In the process of heating or cooling, the fourth interface D can be evacuated to achieve heat insulation.

[0064] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the stretching motor 2 is fixed on the base plate 1 through the stretching motor seat 3, the end of the output shaft of the stretching motor 2 is meshed with the bevel gear 4 at the top of the transmission shaft 7 through a fixed bevel gear 4, two sections of worm 5 are arranged on the transmission shaft 7 at intervals, the front ends of the two bidirectional lead screws 24 are meshed with the corresponding worm 5 through the worm gear 6, and the two ends of the bidirectional lead screw 24 are supported on the base plate 1 through the lead screw support seat 9 and the lead screw fixing seat 21 respectively.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the temperature module 26 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base plate 1 through a temperature module mounting frame 27. Fig.13 As shown, the temperature module mounting frame 27 includes a mounting frame with a hollow center, the rear surface of the rear cover plate 262 of the temperature module 26 is fixed on the mounting frame, and the four corner points of the mounting frame are fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 1 through four fixing columns.

[0066] The working principle and working process of using a multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device provided by the invention to perform various different testing experiments are as follows:

[0067] like Fig.14As shown, if the device carries out an X-ray diffraction test, the specimen 16 can be subjected to a tensile test / compression test, a torsion test or a tension-torsion / compression-torsion test. When a tensile / compression test is required, the tensile motor 2 is started, the rotary motor 20 is turned off, and the bidirectional lead screw 24 drives the rotary shaft 13 fixedly connected to the base 11 to open outward or move inward, thereby achieving the stretching / compression of the specimen 16; when a torsion test is carried out, one of the two rotary motors 20 in the rotary module rotates forward and the other rotates reversely, and respectively drives the pinion 18 coaxially connected thereto to rotate forward and reversely, and the two pinions 18 engage with the two large gears 17 to rotate the pinion 18 in a forward and reverse manner. The torque in the same direction is transmitted to the specimen 16, thereby realizing the twisting of the specimen 16; when a tension-twist / compression-twist test is required, the stretching motor 2 and the rotating motor 20 are started at the same time, and the specimen is subjected to tension-twist or compression-twist at the same time; at this time, the synchrotron radiation X-ray passes through the front window 266 and hits the specimen 26. When the incident synchrotron radiation X-ray satisfies the Bragg law, an X-ray diffraction phenomenon will occur. By adjusting the elongation or shortening of the electric cylinder 252 in the swing platform 25, the diffraction angle of the X-ray is controlled, thereby realizing the diffraction of the specimen 16 in different directions. The detector can receive the X-ray and convert the X-ray into a diffraction spectrum. By analyzing the diffraction spectrum, the residual stress, texture orientation, phase composition and structural information of the specimen 16 can be obtained.

[0068] like Fig.15 As shown, if the device carries out an X-ray tomography test, the specimen can be subjected to a tension / compression test. At this time, the tension motor 2 is started, and the two rotating motors 20 are started, and the two rotating motors 20 rotate forward or reverse at the same time, thereby driving the specimen 16 to rotate. The monochromatic X-ray passes through the front window 266, the specimen 16, and the rear window 269. When the specimen 16 rotates 180 degrees (synchrotron radiation X-ray tomography test) or 360 degrees (conventional X-ray tomography test), the detector (light receiving device) records the projection images of each angle during the rotation of the specimen 16, and uses image reconstruction technology to observe the internal defect distribution and defect evolution process of the specimen 16.

[0069] When conducting X-ray diffraction tests or X-ray tomography tests, if a high or low temperature environment needs to be created, the heating tube 263 and the cooling tube 264 are heated or cooled. When the temperature is changed, the fourth interface D of the rear cover is evacuated for thermal insulation. If an atmosphere field needs to be created, the required gas is introduced into the heating tube 263 through the heating tube connecting tube, and the gas quickly fills the heating tube 263 through the air holes. If a uniform magnetic field needs to be created, the Helmholtz coil 265 is magnetized.

Claims

1. A multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device, which provides tension / compression, torsion, tension-twist / compression-twist, cooling, heating, atmosphere field and magnetic field for a test piece (16) to be tested, and the overall structure is arranged vertically, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rectangular plate-shaped bottom plate (1) arranged in a vertical direction, a stretching motor (2) being fixedly arranged at one corner of the bottom plate (1), the axis of the output shaft of the stretching motor (2) being parallel to the plane where the bottom plate (1) is located and perpendicular to the center line of the bottom plate (1), the output shaft of the stretching motor (2) being connected to and driving a vertically arranged transmission shaft (7) to rotate, the transmission shaft (7) being connected to and driving two parallel and symmetrically arranged bidirectional lead screws (24) to rotate, and two rectangular plate-shaped bases (11) being respectively connected to the bottom plate through two lead screw nuts at the upper parts of their respective backs (10) and two lead screw nuts (10) at the lower part of the back are threadedly connected with the same-direction threaded sections of the two bidirectional lead screws (24), thereby bridging the two bases (11) on the two bidirectional lead screws (24); a slider (22) is fixedly arranged at the upper and lower parts of each base (11); the base (11) is slidably connected with two guide rails (23) symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate (1) through the slider (22); and the two bases (11) are driven to move inwards or outwards along the guide rails (23) by the rotation of the two bidirectional lead screws (24); A temperature module (26) with a box structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (1) between the two bases (11); a test piece (16) to be tested is located in the temperature module (26) and is provided with cooling, heating, atmosphere and magnetic field by the temperature module (26); a rotation module is respectively arranged on the two bases (11); the two rotation modules are symmetrically arranged; the clamps (15) of the two rotation modules extend from both sides of the temperature module (26) to clamp the two ends of the test piece (16) and provide infinite angle rotation loading for the test piece (16) to realize X-ray tomography; and at the same time, tensile loading is provided for the test piece (16) by the movement of the two bases (11) to separate outwards; The center of the back side of the bottom plate (1) is connected to an external test table located behind the bottom plate (1) via a swing platform (25). The swing platform (25) can drive the bottom plate (1) to perform vertical pitching, left-right tilting, and front-back lifting on the external test table, so as to achieve diffraction of the test piece (16) at various angles. The light emitted by the external light source for testing passes through the temperature module (26) and is irradiated onto the test piece (16), then passes through the bottom plate (1) and the external test table surface, and is received by the external light receiving device; The temperature module (26) comprises a rear cover plate (262) of a rectangular box structure with an opening at the front, a heating tube (263) arranged in the rear cover plate (262), a refrigeration tube (264) wound into a spiral tube shape and located in the heating tube (263), a Helmholtz coil (265) located at both ends of the heating tube (263), and a front cover plate (261) covering and sealing the front opening of the rear cover plate (262), a circular front window (266) being opened on the front cover plate (261), and a rear panel of the rear cover plate (262) A circular rear window (269) symmetrically arranged with the front window (266) is formed on the upper surface; a group of circular through holes symmetrically arranged and corresponding to and connected with the front window (266) and the rear window (269) are formed on the heating tube (263); a transmission hole of a circular through hole structure corresponding to the rear window (269) is formed on the bottom plate (1); the front window (266), the rear window (269), the two circular through holes on the wall of the heating tube (263) and the transmission hole on the bottom plate (1) form a channel for transmitting synchrotron radiation X-rays; The heating tube (263) is a cylindrical structure with a double-layer tube wall and a cavity between the two layers of the tube wall. The cooling tube (264) is fixed on the inner surface of the inner tube wall of the heating tube (263). The two end openings of the cooling tube (264) extend out of the rear cover plate (262) through a No. 1 interface (A) arranged on the two side surfaces of the rear cover plate (262). The outer tube wall of the heating tube (263) has two heating tube connecting tubes extending forward and connected to the cavity between the two layers of the tube wall of the heating tube (263). The two heating tube connecting tubes extend from the front cover plate (261). The inner tube wall of the heating tube (263) has a plurality of inner tube wall through holes evenly arranged at intervals and connected to the cavity between the two layers of the tube wall of the heating tube (263). Two electric heating wires are arranged between the two layers of the tube wall of the heating tube (263). Two terminals are arranged on one end surface of the heating tube (263). The two electric heating wires are led out from the two terminals respectively. A heating wire is passed through a No. 2 interface (B) on the upper panel of the rear cover plate (262); a temperature sensor (2610) is installed on the other end surface of the heating tube (263); a lead of the temperature sensor (2610) is passed through a No. 3 interface (C) on the upper panel of the rear cover plate (262); a rectangular sealing ring groove is provided on the inner surface of the front cover plate (261); a rectangular sealing ring (267) is provided in the sealing ring groove and is located between the front cover plate (261) and the rear cover plate (262) for sealing; the Helmholtz coils (265) at both ends are fixed to the two ends of a rectangular coil connecting plate; the two side panels of the rear cover plate (262) are provided with symmetrically arranged circular through holes; the circular through holes of the two Helmholtz coils (265), the cylindrical cavity formed by the inner tube wall of the heating tube (263) and the circular through holes of the two side panels of the rear cover plate (262) are coaxial; The heating wire in the heating tube (263) is connected to an external heating power source, the lead wire of the temperature sensor (2610) and the heating power source are connected to an external temperature controller, the refrigeration tube (264) is connected to an external cryogenic liquid bottle with a cryogenic liquid pump so that the refrigeration tube (264) is connected to a refrigeration medium, and the cryogenic liquid pump of the cryogenic liquid bottle is connected to the temperature controller; The swing platform (25) comprises a lower support frame (251) having a triangular plate structure with a triangular hollow portion, and an upper support frame (254) having the same structure as the lower support frame (251) and symmetrically arranged at intervals. Three electric cylinders (252) are arranged between the upper support frame (254) and the lower support frame (251), respectively located at three corner points. The cylinder body of the electric cylinder (252) is hinged to the corner point of the lower support frame (251), and the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder (252) is hinged to the corner point of the upper support frame (254). The upper surface of the upper support frame (254) is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the bottom plate (1), and the lower surface of the lower support frame (251) is fixedly connected to the external test table during the test. An angle sensor (253) is fixedly connected to the side surface of one side of the upper support frame (254), and the observation hole on the bottom plate (1) is located within the projection of the triangular hollow portion of the lower support frame (251) on the bottom plate (1).

2. A multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating module comprises a rotating motor (20) fixed on a base (11) via a rotating motor seat (19), the axis of the output shaft of the rotating motor (20) is parallel to the plane where the base plate (1) is located and perpendicular to the center line of the base plate (1), the output shaft of the rotating motor (20) is fixedly connected to a small gear (18), the small gear (18) is meshed with a large gear (17), the large gear (17) is fixed to the rear of a rotating shaft (13), and the rear end of the rotating shaft (13) is connected to the rotating shaft (13) via a A tension and pressure sensor (14) is connected to a clamp (15), and the clamp (15) extends into the heating tube (263) after passing through the circular through holes of the two side panels of the rear cover plate (262). The clamps (15) of the two rotating modules clamp the test piece (16) from both ends of the test piece (16) located in the heating tube (263). There is an annular sealing ring (268) between the rotating shafts (13) of the two rotating modules and the circular through holes of the two side panels of the rear cover plate (262) for sealing.

3. The multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A front window mounting hole with a circular through-hole structure is provided in the center of the front cover (261), and the front window (266) is mounted in the front window mounting hole. A handle for conveniently removing the front cover (261) and two fifth interfaces (E) located on the inner side of the handle for passing two heating tube connecting tubes are welded to the left and right ends of the front surface of the front cover (261).

4. The multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rear window mounting hole with a circular through-hole structure is provided in the center of the rear cover plate (262), and the rear window (269) is mounted in the rear window mounting hole. The inner wall and the outer wall of the rear cover plate (262) are hollow, and a fourth interface (D) is provided on the rear cover plate (262) to connect the cavity between the inner wall and the outer wall of the rear cover plate (262) with the outside.

5. The multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stretching motor (2) is fixed on the bottom plate (1) via a stretching motor seat (3); the end of the output shaft of the stretching motor (2) is meshed with the bevel gear (4) at the top end of the transmission shaft (7) via a fixed bevel gear (4); two sections of worm gears (5) are arranged at intervals on the transmission shaft (7); the front ends of two bidirectional lead screws (24) are meshed with the corresponding worm gears (5) via a worm gear (6); and the two ends of the bidirectional lead screws (24) are supported on the bottom plate (1) via a lead screw support seat (9) and a lead screw fixing seat (21) respectively.

6. The multifunctional multi-field coupled X-ray in-situ testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature module (26) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the base plate (1) via a temperature module mounting frame (27); the temperature module mounting frame (27) comprises a mounting frame with a hollow middle portion; the rear surface of the rear cover plate (262) of the temperature module (26) is fixed on the mounting frame; and the four corner points of the mounting frame are fixed to the upper surface of the base plate (1) via four fixing columns.

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