Quantitative prediction method for flow wear characteristics of adsorption trays with fluid-solid coupling effect

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray with fluid-solid coupling effect. Non-spherical adsorbent particles are arranged on the adsorption tray, and sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline flows through. The particle element model and the equivalent diameter are obtained by processing the non-spherical adsorbent particles. The geometric model of the adsorption tower and the fluid calculation domain are established. Combining the continuity equation, momentum equation and shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model pre-established for the sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline, the gas-phase velocity of the sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline is calculated. The drag force is calculated using the gas-phase velocity and the equivalent diameter. Furthermore, a force model of the non-spherical adsorbent particles is constructed and combined with the particle element model to calculate the velocity of the non-spherical adsorbent particles, and a particle element flow wear model is constructed to obtain the flow wear rate. The method of the present invention can realize the quantitative prediction of the flow wear characteristics of the adsorption tray considering the fluid-solid coupling effect under variable working conditions, and is applicable to the flow wear failure analysis, risk assessment and design optimization of high-risk refining and chemical devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for predicting the internal flow characteristics of process equipment in the petrochemical industry, and more particularly to a method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray with a fluid-solid coupling effect. Background Art

[0002] The petrochemical industry based on crude oil refining and chemical engineering is the foundation of China's national economy and plays an important role in promoting the national economic and social development. In recent years, with the deterioration of the global environment and the continuous enhancement of people's environmental protection awareness, the national motor vehicle exhaust emission standards have been continuously upgraded, and the sulfur content of vehicle fuel is required to be controlled below 10 ug / g. Therefore, producing ultra-low sulfur gasoline and promoting the clean development of fuel are the general trends in the development of the world's refining industry.

[0003] The long-term safe operation of the refining equipment system is the key to ensuring the economic benefits of enterprises, and the same is true for the key equipment in the S-Zorb device. During the major overhaul every four years, when a certain refining enterprise inspected the distribution tray in the desulfurization reaction adsorption tower of the S-Zorb device, it was found that there were a large number of erosion pits on the surfacing layer of the adsorption tray, and there were traces of high-temperature hydrogen sulfide corrosion. These problems not only affect the long-term safe operation of the device, threaten the safety of equipment operation, but also pose a huge potential safety hazard to the safe production of enterprises, and may cause huge economic losses to the catalytic device in the refinery. Relatively speaking, the current research on the mechanism of solid particle impact on the target wall mainly includes the cutting wear theory and the plastic fatigue deformation theory. The relevant research results mainly carried out wear experiment studies on typical pipe fittings structures such as elbows and tees, and to a certain extent revealed the influence of impact angle, impact velocity, and material hardness on the wear amount. However, for the problem of flow wear failure on the surface of the distribution tray in the gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower, the cause of its failure is that the gas impacts the non-spherical dense-phase non-spherical adsorbent particles and entrains the non-spherical adsorbent particles to impact the upper surface of the distribution tray, resulting in flow wear failure. In view of the fact that the existing research results mainly focus on the impact wear of dilute-phase spherical particles on the target, the flow corrosion wear mechanism of dense-phase particles containing non-spherical adsorbents in the gas-solid two-phase flow environment is not clear, and there is a lack of a quantitative prediction model for the gas-solid two-phase flow wear of gas impacting the dense-phase non-spherical adsorbent particle pile, so it is impossible to accurately and quantitatively evaluate and predict the high-risk area of flow wear of the distribution tray in the gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower, and the life assessment is difficult.

[0004] In summary, in view of the phenomenon of flow wear failure on the surface of the distribution tray in the gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower, the present invention proposes a method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray considering the fluid-solid coupling effect, which is applicable to predicting the flow wear rate and evaluating the remaining life of the surface of the distribution tray in the gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower, and provides a decision-making basis for the anti-flow wear optimization design and optimization operation of the S-Zorb device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the deficiencies of existing methods and technologies, the present invention provides a method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray with a fluid-solid coupling effect.

[0006] The specific solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The adsorption tray is a distribution tray in a catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower. Non-spherical adsorbent particles are arranged on the distribution tray, and the distribution tray flows through sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline.

[0008] The specific steps of the method are as follows:

[0009] Step 1) Process the non-spherical adsorbent particles on the adsorption tray to obtain a particle element model with the true shape of the non-spherical adsorbent particles and the equivalent diameter D of the non-spherical adsorbent particles P ;

[0010] Step 2) For sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline, pre-establish a continuity equation, a momentum equation, and a shear stress transport k-w turbulence model.

[0011] Step 3) Establish a geometric model of the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower. Obtain the fluid calculation domain of the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower according to the geometric model, and then use the Euler-Lagrange method to combine the continuity equation and momentum equation of sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline and the shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model to calculate the flow characteristic parameters of sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline under the fluid calculation domain; the flow characteristic parameters include the gas-phase velocity v g ;

[0012] Step 4) Use the gas-phase velocity v g and the equivalent diameter D of the non-spherical adsorbent particles P to calculate the drag force of the non-spherical adsorbent particles, and then construct a force model for the non-spherical adsorbent particles.

[0013] Step 5) Combine the particle element model with the true shape of the non-spherical adsorbent particles and the force model, and use the fluid dynamics and discrete element fluid-solid coupling method to calculate the motion characteristic parameters of the non-spherical adsorbent particles. The motion characteristic parameters include the velocity v of the non-spherical adsorbent particles under transient conditions p ;

[0014] Step 6) According to the velocity v of the non-spherical adsorbent particles p construct a particle element flow wear model for characterizing the true shape wear of the non-spherical adsorbent particles, and obtain the flow wear rate through the particle element flow wear model.

[0015] The specific content of Step 1) is as follows:

[0016] The contour data of non-spherical adsorbent particles are obtained by scanning the outer contour of the non-spherical adsorbent particles with a three-dimensional scanner. According to the contour data of the non-spherical adsorbent particles, reverse three-dimensional modeling is carried out on the non-spherical adsorbent particles to construct a three-dimensional model of the non-spherical adsorbent particles. The internal area of the three-dimensional model of the non-spherical adsorbent particles is filled with a plurality of discrete small spheres to obtain a particle element model with the true shape of the non-spherical adsorbent particles; then, the particle element model is equivalent to spherical particles by the equal volume method, and the diameter of the spherical particles is taken as the equivalent diameter D of the non-spherical adsorbent particles P 。

[0017] In step 4), the force model of the non-spherical adsorbent particles is specifically as follows:

[0018] F i =F g +F d +F C +F x

[0019] T i =T g +T d +T C +T x

[0020] In the formula: m i represents the mass of the non-spherical adsorbent particles, F i represents the resultant force on the non-spherical adsorbent particles, T i represents the resultant moment on the non-spherical adsorbent particles; F gi 、F di 、F Ci 、F xi respectively represent the gravity, drag force, contact force and other forces on the non-spherical adsorbent particles; T gi 、T di 、T Ci 、T xi respectively represent the gravity moment, drag force moment, contact moment and moment of other forces on the non-spherical adsorbent particles;

[0021] The drag force F d on the non-spherical adsorbent particles is calculated as:

[0022]

[0023] In the formula: D is the equivalent diameter of the material inlet of the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower, μ g is the gas-phase viscosity of the sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline, b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、b 4Denote the first, second, third, and fourth coefficients related to the sphericity of non-spherical adsorbent particles, α f Denote the volume fraction of non-spherical adsorbent particles in sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline, and n denote the volume fraction index; D P Denote the equivalent diameter of non-spherical adsorbent particles; v g Denote the gas-phase velocity; ρ g Denote the gas-phase density, v p Denote the phase velocity of non-spherical adsorbent particles.

[0024] Among them, the drag force is calculated by a specific innovative method, and the gravity, contact force, and other forces are calculated by conventional methods. The said other forces include the pressure gradient force F p , additional mass force F ρ .

[0025] In the said step 6), the particle element flow wear model is expressed as:

[0026] E = kβ(v p ) m f(r)

[0027] In the formula: E is the flow wear rate, k is the flow wear coefficient, β is the volume fraction percentage of the gas phase in sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline, v p is the velocity of non-spherical adsorbent particles, m is the velocity index, f(r) is the wear impact angle function, and r represents the impact angle.

[0028] The said wear impact angle function f(r) is expressed as:

[0029] f(r) = A 1 r + A 2 r 2 + A 3 r 3 + A 4 r 4

[0030] In the formula, A 1 ~A 4 denote the first, second, third, and fourth constant parameters, and the values of A 1 ~A 4 depend on the flow wear rates corresponding to 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90° corresponding to the velocity v p of non-spherical adsorbent particles in the gas-solid two-phase flow environment, and are determined by fitting experimental data.

[0031] The said velocity index m is obtained by the following method:

[0032] The non-spherical adsorbent particles are impacted onto the surface of the metal specimen at a fixed impact angle of 90° for the erosion wear characteristic test. At N different impact velocity conditions, a corresponding flow wear rate is measured by an experimental instrument, and then the following formula is used to solve and obtain based on the N flow wear rates:

[0033]

[0034] where, v pi represents the flow wear rate measured corresponding to the i-th impact velocity condition, and E 90 () represents the flow wear rate function of the specimen at different impact velocities when the impact angle is 90°, and i represents the species number of the impact velocity.

[0035] The flow wear coefficient k is obtained by the following treatment:

[0036] The non-spherical adsorbent particles are impacted onto the surface of the metal specimen at a specific impact angle of λ for the erosion wear characteristic test. At N different impact velocity conditions, a corresponding flow wear rate is measured by an experimental instrument, and then the following formula is used to solve and obtain based on the N flow wear rates:

[0037]

[0038] where, v pi represents the flow wear rate measured corresponding to the i-th impact velocity condition, and E λ () represents the flow wear rate function of the specimen at different impact velocities when the impact angle is λ, and i represents the species number of the impact velocity.

[0039] A material inlet for sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline to enter is opened at the bottom of the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower described. A distribution plate is arranged in the tower above the material inlet. Through holes are evenly opened on the distribution plate. A lifting pipe is arranged and installed in each through hole. The top of the upper end of the lifting pipe is connected to a bubble cap; non-spherical adsorbent particles are stacked on the distribution plate.

[0040] An opening is opened at the lower end of the bubble cap. The upper end of the lifting pipe is connected to the inner top surface of the bubble cap through support rods arranged at intervals along the circumference. There is an annular gap between the opening at the lower end of the bubble cap and the lifting pipe, so that the upper port of the lifting pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the bubble cap through the interval between the support rods and then communicated with the outside through the annular gap.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] In view of the deficiencies of the existing flow abrasion models for gas-solid two-phase flows, the present invention proposes a quantitative characterization model for the transport flow abrasion of non-spherical particle gas-solid two-phase flows applicable to adsorption trays. The correlation coefficients of the flow abrasion model are determined through experimental tests. By using the CFD-DEM coupling method, it is possible to quantitatively predict the flow abrasion characteristics of adsorption trays considering the fluid-structure coupling effect under variable operating conditions, which is applicable to the flow abrasion failure analysis, risk assessment, and design optimization of high-risk refining units, and safeguards the stable, long-term, full-capacity, and high-quality operation of refining units. Description of the Drawings

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a catalytic gasoline adsorption desulfurization reactor and its internal structure;

[0044] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an axonometric schematic diagram of the 1 / 4 part in

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of constructing a non-spherical adsorbent particle model based on the multi-cluster stacking method.

[0046] In the figure, 1 is a bubble cap, 2 is the upper surface of the distribution plate, 3 is the lower surface of the distribution plate, 4 is an adsorption tower, 5 is a riser pipe, and 6 is a material inlet. Detailed Embodiments

[0047] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0048] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a material inlet 6 for sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline to enter is provided at the bottom of the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower 4. Inside the tower above the material inlet 6, a distribution plate is arranged. The distribution plate has an upper surface 2 of the distribution plate and a lower surface 3 of the distribution plate. Through holes are evenly opened on the distribution plate, and a riser pipe 5 is arranged and installed in each through hole. The riser pipe 5 passes through the through hole from top to bottom and is welded and fixed to the lower surface 3 of the distribution plate of the distribution plate. The top of the upper end of the riser pipe 5 is connected to the bubble cap 1 through circumferentially evenly distributed support plates. The bubble cap 1 can move up and down driven by the riser pipe 5; Many non-spherical adsorbent particles are stacked on the upper surface 2 of the distribution plate of the distribution plate, stacked at the positions between the bubble caps 1, and the stacking height can be higher than the bubble cap 1.

[0049] An opening is provided at the lower end of the bubble cap 1. The upper end of the riser pipe 5 is connected to the inner top surface of the bubble cap 1 through support rods arranged at intervals along the circumference. There is an annular gap between the opening at the lower end of the bubble cap 1 and the riser pipe 5, so that the upper port of the riser pipe 5 is communicated with the inner cavity of the bubble cap 1 through the intervals between the support rods and then communicated with the outside through the annular gap.

[0050] After the sulfur-containing gaseous gasoline enters the material inlet 6 of the adsorption tower 4, it enters each lifting pipe 5 through the through holes on the distribution plate in turn. After the sulfur-containing gaseous gasoline flows out of the upper end of the lifting pipe and is blocked by each bubble cap 1, it impacts the non-spherical adsorbent particles located on the upper surface 2 of the distribution plate after turning 180 degrees. The sulfur-containing gaseous gasoline entrains the non-spherical adsorbent particles to form a fluidized gas-solid two-phase flow in the flow space above the distribution plate. The fluidized gas-solid two-phase flow causes flow wear to the adsorption tower plate during the back-mixing process. The multi-component medium of the gas-solid two-phase flow entrains the non-spherical adsorbent particle group to impact the upper surface of the adsorption tower plate, causing flow wear to the upper surface of the distribution plate.

[0051] The embodiments of the present invention and their implementation process are as follows:

[0052] It includes two parts: gas-solid two-phase flow coupling modeling considering fluid-solid coupling effect and flow wear modeling.

[0053] For the gas-solid two-phase flow coupling modeling part considering the fluid-solid coupling effect:

[0054] In the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower 4, the sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline is used as the gas phase fluid, and the non-spherical adsorbent particles are used as the solid phase particles. The sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline forms a gas-solid two-phase flow when mixed with the non-spherical adsorbent particles;

[0055] Step 1) Process the non-spherical adsorbent particles on the adsorption tower plate to obtain a particle element model with the true shape of the non-spherical adsorbent particles and an equivalent diameter D of the non-spherical adsorbent particles. P ;

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the shape contour of the non-spherical adsorbent particles is scanned by a three-dimensional scanner to obtain shape contour data, and the non-spherical adsorbent particles are reversely three-dimensionally modeled according to the shape contour data of the non-spherical adsorbent particles to construct a three-dimensional model of the non-spherical adsorbent particles. The internal area of ​​the three-dimensional model of the non-spherical adsorbent particles is filled with a plurality of discrete small spheres to obtain a particle element model with the true shape of the non-spherical adsorbent particles; then the particle element model is equivalent to a spherical particle by using the volume equivalence method, and the diameter of the spherical particle is taken as the equivalent diameter D of the non-spherical adsorbent particle. P .

[0057] Specifically implemented in the model construction of non-spherical adsorbent particles, combined with Figure 3 As shown in Figure 3, regular polyhedrons are mainly used as non-spherical particles for research. The multi-sphere cluster stacking method is used to construct a non-spherical adsorbent particle model. The modeling steps are as follows: first, a regular polyhedron is constructed as the outline of the non-spherical particle (Figure 3(a)), and then the regular polyhedron mesh is divided by meshing software, as shown in Figure 3(b) Figure 3 (b) Figure 3(b) The established mesh is imported into ANSYS Fluent. The coordinates of the mesh nodes are obtained through a user-defined function (UDF), and the coordinates of the center of the inscribed sphere and the radius of the inscribed sphere within each mesh are automatically calculated. Finally, a text file including parameters such as the inscribed sphere number, the three-dimensional coordinates of the sphere center, the radius of the sphere center, and the contact radius is output.

[0058] The obtained inscribed sphere parameters are imported into the multi-purpose discrete element method modeling software EDEM to generate regular polyhedron non-spherical particles, as shown in Figure 3 (c). Obviously, the number of small balls required for the particle model constructed by the multi-purpose discrete element method is determined by the mesh size. The more the number of meshes, the more accurate the description of the non-spherical particle shape; this method converts the contact calculation of non-spherical particles into sphere-sphere contact calculation. Therefore, the number of small balls determines the accuracy of contact judgment and force calculation. At the same time, although there is no interaction force between the small balls inside the particle model, the small balls still participate in mechanical contact, and the actual calculation efficiency is lower than that of the same number of spherical balls. Therefore, the issue of computing resources needs to be considered and the number of small balls is adjusted. During the calculation process, the discrete element method (DEM) is used to solve the judgment of contact and the calculation of force between particles and between particles and walls, and combined with the constructed flow wear model of non-spherical adsorbent particles, numerical solutions are carried out.

[0059] Step 2) For the gas-phase fluid of sulfur-containing gasoline, a continuity equation, a momentum equation, and a shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model are established in advance;

[0060] In the specific calculation process, since it is the combined action of high-temperature and high-pressure gas-phase sulfur-containing gasoline and non-spherical adsorbent particles, the movement of the fluid phase is controlled by the volume average of compressible fluids. Among them, the continuity equation and the momentum equation are respectively expressed as:

[0061]

[0062]

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] In the above formula, α f is the volume fraction occupied by the high-temperature and high-pressure gas-phase fluid; ρ f is the density of the fluid; u i u j is the velocity of the fluid, which is a number; τ ij is the stress tensor of the fluid phase; R f,p represents the momentum exchange with the particle phase, which is obtained from the calculation of each unit; μ and μ t are the gas dynamic viscosity and the turbulent dynamic viscosity respectively; δij is a dimensionless number; k is the turbulent kinetic energy; σ t is the turbulent dissipation rate, t represents turbulence, represents the divergence operator, represents taking the partial derivative, i and j respectively represent the rows and columns of the fluid stress tensor, C μ represents a coefficient, σ t represents the turbulent dissipation rate.

[0066] The shear stress transport (SST) k-ω model is expressed as:

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] In the formula, k represents the turbulent kinetic energy, ω represents the energy dissipation rate, Г k represents the effective diffusion of the turbulent kinetic energy k, G k represents the generation of k, Y k represents the loss of k, G ω represents the generation of the specific dissipation rate ω, Y ω represents the loss of ω, D ω represents the cross-diffusion term. u i represents the fluid velocity of the i-th row in the fluid stress tensor.

[0070] Step 3) Establish the geometric model of the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower, obtain the fluid calculation domain of the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower according to the geometric model, and then use the Euler-Lagrange method to combine the continuity equation and momentum equation of the sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline and the shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model to calculate the flow characteristic parameters of the sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline in the fluid calculation domain; the flow characteristic parameters include the gas-phase velocity v g , and the flow characteristic parameters can also include the gas-phase pressure p, velocity gradient, and pressure gradient;

[0071] Step 4) Use the gas-phase velocity v g and the equivalent diameter D P of the non-spherical adsorbent particles to calculate the drag force of the non-spherical adsorbent particles, and then construct the force model of the non-spherical adsorbent particles;

[0072] The force model of the non-spherical adsorbent particles is specifically:

[0073] F i = F g + F d + F C + F x

[0074] T i = T g + Td +T C +T x

[0075] In the formula: m i represents the mass of the non-spherical adsorbent particles, and F i represents the resultant force acting on the non-spherical adsorbent particles, and T i represents the resultant moment acting on the non-spherical adsorbent particles; F gi , F di , F Ci , F xi , respectively, represent the gravitational force, drag force, contact force, and other forces acting on the non-spherical adsorbent particles; T gi , T di , T Ci , T xi , respectively, represent the gravitational moment, drag moment, contact moment, and moment of other forces acting on the non-spherical adsorbent particles;

[0076] The drag force F d acting on the above non-spherical adsorbent particles is calculated as:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula: D is the equivalent diameter of the material inlet 6 of the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower 4, and μ g is the gas-phase viscosity of the sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline, and b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4 represent the first, second, third, and fourth coefficients related to the sphericity of the non-spherical adsorbent particles, α f represents the volume fraction of the non-spherical adsorbent particles in the sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline, and n represents the volume fraction index; D P represents the equivalent diameter of the non-spherical adsorbent particles; v g represents the gas-phase velocity; ρ g represents the gas-phase density, and v p represents the phase velocity of the non-spherical adsorbent particles.

[0079] Step 5) Combine the particle element model with the true shape of the non-spherical adsorbent particles and the force model, and use the hydrodynamic and discrete element fluid-solid coupling methods to calculate the motion characteristic parameters of the non-spherical adsorbent particles. The motion characteristic parameters include the velocity v p of the non-spherical adsorbent particles under transient conditions;

[0080] For the flow wear modeling part:

[0081] Step 6) According to the velocity v pConstruct a particle element flow wear model for characterizing the true shape wear of non-spherical adsorbent particles, and obtain the flow wear rate through the particle element flow wear model.

[0082] The particle element flow wear model is expressed as:

[0083] E = kβ(v p ) m f(r)

[0084] Where: E is the flow wear rate, k is the flow wear coefficient, β is the volume fraction percentage of the gas phase in the sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline, v p is the velocity of the non-spherical adsorbent particle, m is the velocity exponent, f(r) is the wear impact angle function, and r represents the impact angle.

[0085] The wear impact angle function f(r) is expressed as:

[0086] f(r) = A 1 r + A 2 r 2 + A 3 r 3 + A 4 r 4

[0087] Where, A 1 ~A 4 represent the first, second, third, and fourth constant parameters. The values of A 1 ~A 4 depend on the flow wear rates corresponding to 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90° corresponding to the velocity v p of the non-spherical adsorbent particle in the gas-solid two-phase flow environment, and are determined by fitting the experimental data.

[0088] The experimental results are shown in Table 1. The specific values of A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 determined by fitting the experimental data of No. 1-5 are -1.685, 7.584, -12.18, and 7.508 respectively.

[0089] Table 1 Experimental data table

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] The velocity exponent m is obtained by the following treatment:

[0093] The non-spherical adsorbent particles are impacted onto the surface of the metal specimen at a fixed impact angle of 90° to conduct the erosion wear characteristic test. At N different impact velocity conditions, a corresponding flow wear rate is measured by the experimental instrument, and then the following formula is used to solve and obtain according to the N flow wear rates:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, v pi represents the flow wear rate measured corresponding to the i-th impact velocity condition, E

[0096] () represents the flow wear rate function of the specimen at different impact velocities when the impact angle is 90°, and i represents the serial number of the impact velocity type. p1 ~v p4 , numbered groups 5 - 8.

[0097] The flow wear coefficient k is obtained through the following processing:

[0098] The non-spherical adsorbent particles are impacted onto the surface of the metal specimen at a specific impact angle λ to conduct the erosion wear characteristic test. At N different impact velocity conditions, a corresponding flow wear rate is measured by the experimental instrument, and then the following formula is used to solve and obtain according to the N flow wear rates:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, v pi represents the flow wear rate measured corresponding to the i-th impact velocity condition, E λ () represents the flow wear rate function of the specimen at different impact velocities when the impact angle is λ, and i represents the serial number of the impact velocity type.

[0101] In the specific calculation process, for the hydrodynamic calculation, a pressure-based solver is adopted, the finite volume method is used to solve the control equations, the fast discrete format is used to solve the momentum and turbulence equations of the polyhedral mesh model, and the SIMPLEC method is used to ensure the pressure-velocity coupling. In the CFD-DEM simulation, the Euler-Lagrange method is used to describe the motion process of the fluid and particles, the gas phase is simulated as a continuous medium, and the ions are discretely tracked.

Claims

1. A method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray with fluid-solid coupling effect, Characterized in that: The adsorption tray is a distribution tray in the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower (4). Non-spherical adsorbent particles are arranged on the distribution tray, and the distribution tray flows through sulfur-containing gaseous gasoline; The specific steps of the method are as follows: Step 1) Process the non-spherical adsorbent particles on the adsorption tray to obtain a particle element model with the true shape of the non-spherical adsorbent particles and the equivalent diameter D of the non-spherical adsorbent particles P ; Step 2) For sulfur-containing gaseous gasoline, a continuity equation, a momentum equation, and a shear stress transport k-w turbulence model are established in advance; Step 3) Establish a geometric model of the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower, obtain the fluid calculation domain of the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower according to the geometric model, and then use the Euler-Lagrange method to combine the continuity equation and momentum equation of sulfur-containing gaseous gasoline and the shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model to calculate the flow characteristic parameters of sulfur-containing gaseous gasoline in the fluid calculation domain; the flow characteristic parameters include the gas phase velocity v g ; Step 4) Use the gas velocity v g and the equivalent diameter D of the non-spherical adsorbent particles P to calculate the drag force of the non-spherical adsorbent particles, and then construct a force model of the non-spherical adsorbent particles; Step 5) Combine the particle element model with the true shape of non-spherical adsorbent particles and the force model, and use the hydrodynamic and discrete element fluid-solid coupling methods to calculate the motion characteristic parameters of non-spherical adsorbent particles. The motion characteristic parameters include the velocity v of non-spherical adsorbent particles under transient conditions p ; Step 6) According to the velocity v of the non-spherical adsorbent particles p Construct a particle element flow wear model for characterizing the true shape wear of non-spherical adsorbent particles, and obtain the flow wear rate through the particle element flow wear model.

2. A method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray with fluid-solid coupling effect according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The specific content of step 1) is: The contour data of non-spherical adsorbent particles is obtained by scanning the outer contour of non-spherical adsorbent particles with a three-dimensional scanner. According to the contour data of non-spherical adsorbent particles, reverse three-dimensional modeling is carried out on non-spherical adsorbent particles to construct a three-dimensional model of non-spherical adsorbent particles. The internal region of the three-dimensional model of non-spherical adsorbent particles is filled with multiple discrete small spheres to obtain a particle element model with the true shape of non-spherical adsorbent particles; then the particle element model is equivalent to spherical particles by the equal volume method, and the diameter of the spherical particles is taken as the equivalent diameter D of non-spherical adsorbent particles P .

3. A method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray with fluid-solid coupling effect according to claim 1, Characterized in that: In step 4), the force model of non-spherical adsorbent particles is specifically: F i = F g + F d + F C + F x T i = T g + T d + T C + T x Where: F i represents the resultant force acting on the non-spherical adsorbent particles, and T i represents the resultant moment acting on the non-spherical adsorbent particles; F g , F d , F C , F x respectively represent the gravity, drag force, contact force, and other forces acting on the non-spherical adsorbent particles; T g , T d , T C , T x respectively represent the gravity moment, drag force moment, contact moment, and the moments of other forces acting on the non-spherical adsorbent particles; The drag force F on the above non-spherical adsorbent particles d is calculated as follows: Where: D is the equivalent diameter of the material inlet (6) of the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower (4), μ g is the gas-phase viscosity of the sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline, b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、b 4 represent the first, second, third, and fourth coefficients related to the sphericity of the non-spherical adsorbent particles, α f represents the volume fraction of the non-spherical adsorbent particles in the sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline, n represents the volume fraction index; D P represents the equivalent diameter of the non-spherical adsorbent particles; v g represents the gas-phase velocity; ρ g represents the gas-phase density, v p represents the phase velocity of the non-spherical adsorbent particles.

4. A method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray with fluid-solid coupling effect according to claim 1, Characterized in that: In step 6), the particle element flow wear model is expressed as: E = kβ(v p ) m f(r) Where: E is the flow wear rate, k is the flow wear coefficient, β is the volume fraction percentage of the gas phase in the sulfur-containing gas-phase gasoline, v p is the velocity of the non-spherical adsorbent particles, m is the velocity exponent, f(r) is the wear impact angle function, and r represents the impact angle.

5. A method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray with fluid-solid coupling effect according to claim 4, Characterized in that: The wear impact angle function f(r) is expressed as: f(r) = A 1 r + A 2 r 2 + A 3 r 3 + A 4 r 4 where A 1 to A 4 represent first, second, third, and fourth constant parameters.

6. A method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray with fluid-solid coupling effect according to claim 4, Characterized in that: The velocity exponent m is obtained by the following processing method: Non-spherical adsorbent particles are impacted onto the surface of a metal specimen at a fixed impact angle of 90° for an erosion wear characteristic test. At N different impact velocity conditions, a corresponding flow wear rate is measured by an experimental instrument, and then the following formula is used to solve based on the N flow wear rates: where, v pi represents the flow wear rate obtained by corresponding measurement under the i-th impact velocity condition, v p(i+1) represents the flow wear rate obtained by corresponding measurement under the (i + 1)-th impact velocity condition, E 90 () represents the flow wear rate function of the specimen at different impact velocities when the impact angle is 90°, and i represents the serial number of the impact velocity type.

7. A method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray with fluid-solid coupling effect according to claim 4, Characterized in that: The flow wear coefficient k is obtained by the following processing method: Non-spherical adsorbent particles are impacted onto the surface of a metal specimen at a specific impact angle λ for an erosion wear characteristic test. At N different impact velocity conditions, a corresponding flow wear rate is measured by an experimental instrument, and then the following formula is used to solve based on the N flow wear rates: where, v pi represents the measured flow wear rate corresponding to the i-th impact velocity condition, and E λ () represents the flow wear rate function of the specimen at different impact velocities when the impact angle is λ, and i represents the serial number of the impact velocity type.

8. A method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray with fluid-solid coupling effect according to claim 1, Characterized in that: A material inlet (6) for sulfur-containing gaseous gasoline to enter is opened at the bottom of the catalytic gasoline desulfurization reaction adsorption tower (4). A distribution tray is arranged inside the tower above the material inlet (6). Through holes are evenly opened on the distribution tray, and a lifting pipe (5) is arranged in each through hole. The top of the upper end of the lifting pipe (5) is connected to a bubble cap (1); Non-spherical adsorbent particles are stacked on the distribution tray.

9. A method for quantitatively predicting the flow wear characteristics of an adsorption tray with fluid-solid coupling effect according to claim 8, Characterized in that: The lower end of the bubble cap (1) is provided with an opening. The upper end of the lifting pipe (5) is connected to the inner top surface of the bubble cap (1) through support rods arranged at intervals along the circumference. There is an annular gap between the opening at the lower end of the bubble cap (1) and the lifting pipe (5), so that the upper port of the lifting pipe (5) is communicated with the inner cavity of the bubble cap (1) through the intervals between the support rods and then communicated with the outside through the annular gap.

Images