Fuel Cell and Thermal Management Diagnosis Method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell and a battery fault diagnosis method. The fuel cell includes: an outer housing; an inner housing; a cover body; a fuel cell stack; a first three-way valve; a second three-way valve; a water pump and an electric heater, which are sequentially connected between the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve; a stop valve, arranged on the second cooling pipeline and located between the second three-way valve and the fuel cell stack; and a double-chamber pressure-relieving heat-insulating tank, arranged in the inner housing. Two heat-insulating chambers are arranged in the double-chamber pressure-relieving heat-insulating tank, and are respectively communicated with both ends of the stop valve. When the water pump, the first three-way valve, the fuel cell stack, the stop valve, the second three-way valve and the electric heater are sequentially connected, it is an internal circulation mode. Beneficial effects: The amount of coolant participating in the circulation and the external heat dissipation are reduced, thereby shortening the start-up time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly to a fuel cell and a thermal management diagnosis method. Background Art

[0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles have the advantages of high efficiency, zero emissions, and fast fuel filling rate, etc., and are one of the main directions for the development of new energy vehicles. However, for the core power stack of its power generation, water will be generated as a reaction product during power generation, and water will freeze in a sub-zero low-temperature environment, hindering the occurrence of electrochemical reactions and resulting in startup failures.

[0003] When starting up, the power stack needs to be rapidly heated to reach the working temperature as soon as possible, and the heat capacity of the coolant participating in the cycle should be minimized and heat dissipation should be reduced. At the same time, to ensure startup safety, fault diagnosis of relevant thermal management components needs to be carried out and corresponding treatments should be made. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is also to provide a fuel cell and a thermal management diagnosis method, such that when starting up, the power stack needs to be rapidly heated to reach the working temperature as soon as possible, and the heat capacity of the coolant participating in the cycle should be minimized and heat dissipation should be reduced. At the same time, to ensure startup safety, fault diagnosis of relevant thermal management components needs to be carried out and corresponding treatments should be made.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fuel cell, comprising:

[0007] An outer housing body provided with a first opening;

[0008] An inner housing body disposed in the outer housing body, the inner housing body being provided with a second opening facing the first opening, and a sandwich channel being formed between the inner housing body and the outer housing body;

[0009] A cover body sealingly connecting the first opening and the second opening at the same time, a cover body channel being provided inside the cover body, the cover body channel and the sandwich channel being communicated to form an outer chamber, an inner chamber being formed between the cover body and the inner housing body, the inner chamber and the outer chamber being not communicated with each other and maintaining a vacuum respectively;

[0010] A power stack disposed in the inner housing body, the power stack being provided with a cooling inlet and a cooling outlet, the cooling inlet being connected with a first cooling pipeline extending outside the outer housing body, the cooling outlet being connected with a second cooling pipeline extending outside the outer housing body, a first temperature and pressure sensor being provided at the cooling inlet, and a second temperature and pressure sensor being provided at the cooling outlet;

[0011] A first three-way valve disposed in the inner housing body and located on the first cooling pipeline;

[0012] A second three-way valve, disposed in the inner housing and located on the second cooling pipeline;

[0013] A water pump and an electric heater, sequentially connected between the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve;

[0014] A stop valve, disposed on the second cooling pipeline and located between the second three-way valve and the fuel cell stack; and

[0015] A double-chamber pressure-relief heat preservation tank, disposed in the inner housing, wherein two heat preservation chambers are provided in the double-chamber pressure-relief heat preservation tank and are respectively connected to both ends of the stop valve in a one-to-one correspondence, and:

[0016] When the water pump, the first three-way valve, the fuel cell stack, the stop valve, the second three-way valve, and the electric heater are sequentially connected, it is an internal circulation mode;

[0017] Based on the internal circulation mode, when the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are fully opened, it is an external circulation mode.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell provided by the present invention has the following technical effects: The internal circulation loop inside the housing includes a three-way valve, a water pump, a temperature and pressure sensor, an electric heater, a stop valve, and a double-chamber pressure-relief heat preservation tank. The two three-way valves cut off the connection with the external coolant. The water pump and the electric heater are responsible for heating the fuel cell stack during low-temperature startup. The double-chamber pressure-relief heat preservation tank can replace the coolant in the small circulation, replace the low-temperature coolant in the pipeline with the coolant in the tank, and at the same time diagnose the states of various components by monitoring the temperature and pressure, and process the situations such as the increase in the pressure of the heated coolant, reducing the amount of coolant participating in the circulation and the external heat dissipation, thereby shortening the startup time.

[0019] Preferably, a slidable control part is provided in the double-chamber pressure-relief heat preservation tank, and when the control part slides, the sizes of the two heat preservation chambers can be adjusted.

[0020] Preferably, the outer housing is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, the inner housing is provided with a third through hole, and a connecting pipe is provided between the third through hole and the second through hole;

[0021] The fuel cell further includes a first vacuum pump and a second vacuum pump, the first vacuum pump is communicated with the first through hole, and the second vacuum pump is communicated with the second through hole.

[0022] Preferably, the cover body includes:

[0023] An outer cover plate, hermetically clamped to the edge of the outer housing; and

[0024] The inner cover plate is hermetically clamped to the edge of the inner housing, and is arranged at an interval between the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate to form the cover body channel.

[0025] Preferably, the outer cover plate is provided with a first clamping groove for clamping the outer housing, and the inner cover plate is provided with a second clamping groove for clamping the inner housing. Sealing gaskets are provided on the surfaces of the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove.

[0026] Preferably, a support portion is provided on the inner surface of the outer housing, and the support portion abuts against the outer surface of the inner housing; and / or

[0027] The support portion is provided on the outer surface of the inner housing, and the support portion abuts against the inner surface of the outer housing.

[0028] A fuel cell thermal management diagnosis method for diagnosing the above fuel cell, comprising the following steps:

[0029] In the internal circulation mode, close the stop valve. After the control part in the double-chamber pressure relief and heat preservation tank moves and stays on one side, open the stop valve, the water pump and the electric heater;

[0030] After a first duration, if the pressure measured by the first temperature and pressure sensor is less than or equal to the first pressure threshold, it is determined that the water pump is faulty.

[0031] Preferably, after the first duration, the following steps are further included:

[0032] If the pressure measured by the first temperature and pressure sensor is greater than the first pressure threshold, and after a second duration, if the temperatures measured by the first temperature and pressure sensor and the second temperature and pressure sensor are both greater than the first temperature threshold, and the temperature difference between the two is greater than the second temperature threshold, it is determined that the electric heater is normal.

[0033] Preferably, if both the water pump and the electric heater are normal, the following steps are further included:

[0034] When the temperatures measured by the first temperature and pressure sensor and the second temperature and pressure sensor are both greater than the third temperature threshold, and the displacement distance of the control part is greater than the preset distance, it is determined that there is no fault in the first cooling pipeline and the second cooling pipeline.

[0035] The fuel cell thermal management diagnosis method provided by the present invention can diagnose the above fuel cell. Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell from a first perspective provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell from a second perspective provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the third perspective of the fuel cell provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 is Figure 2 A partial structural sectional view of A-A in

[0040] Figure 5 is Figure 4 An enlarged view of the C circle in

[0041] Figure 6 is Figure 5 An enlarged view of the D circle in

[0042] Figure 7 is Figure 5 An enlarged view of the E circle in

[0043] Figure 8 is Figure 3 A partial structural sectional view of B-B in

[0044] Figure 9 It is a sectional view of the fuel cell provided in the first embodiment of the present application.

[0045] In the figure:

[0046] 1 - Outer housing; 11 - First through hole; 12 - Second through hole; 13 - Connecting pipe;

[0047] 2 - Inner housing; 21 - Third through hole;

[0048] 3 - Cover; 31 - Outer cover plate; 32 - Inner cover plate; 300 - Sealing gasket; 330 - Communication hole; 34 - Wiring harness hole;

[0049] 4 - Stack; 41 - First temperature and pressure sensor; 42 - Second temperature and pressure sensor;

[0050] 51 - First three-way valve; 52 - Second three-way valve;

[0051] 61 - Water pump; 62 - Electric heater;

[0052] 71 - Shut-off valve; 72 - Double-chamber pressure-relief and heat-insulation tank;

[0053] 81 - First vacuum pump; 82 - Second vacuum pump. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Additionally, it should be noted that for the sake of description, only parts related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, rather than all the structures.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected", "connected to", and "fixed" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features between them. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over", and "on" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "below", "under", and "beneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0057] In the description of this embodiment, the orientation or positional relationships such as "above", "below", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplifying the operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0058] Embodiment 1:

[0059] This embodiment provides a fuel cell, as Figures 1 - 8 shown, the fuel cell includes an outer housing 1, an inner housing 2, and a cover 3.

[0060] Both the outer housing 1 and the inner housing 2 are open structures. The outer housing 1 has a first opening, the inner housing 2 is disposed inside the outer housing 1, the inner housing 2 has a second opening, the second opening faces the first opening, and an interlayer channel is formed between the inner housing 2 and the outer housing 1.

[0061] The cover 3 is hermetically connected to the first opening and the second opening at the same time, that is, the outer housing 1 and the inner housing 2 are closed through the cover 3. A cover channel is provided inside the cover 3, the cover channel and the interlayer channel are connected to form an outer chamber, and an inner chamber is formed between the cover 3 and the inner housing 2. A fuel cell stack 4 is placed in the inner chamber (see Figure 9) It can be understood that the outer chamber is located outside the inner chamber, and the inner chamber and the outer chamber are not connected to each other and are respectively kept in a vacuum state.

[0062] The inner chamber and the outer chamber are not connected to each other and are respectively kept in a vacuum state, forming two layers of vacuum space inside and outside. In a low-temperature environment, the heat loss of the fuel cell will be extremely slow, which is conducive to heat accumulation and rapid temperature rise.

[0063] In a preferred solution of this embodiment, the outer housing 1 is provided with a first through hole 11 and a second through hole 12, the inner housing 2 is provided with a third through hole 21, and a connecting pipe 13 is provided between the third through hole 21 and the second through hole 12.

[0064] The battery thermal insulation shell further includes a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a first vacuum pump 81 and a second vacuum pump 82. The first pressure sensor is used to obtain the air pressure in the outer chamber, and the second pressure sensor is used to obtain the air pressure in the inner chamber.

[0065] The first vacuum pump 81 is communicated with the first through hole 11, and the second vacuum pump 82 is communicated with the second through hole 12. The first vacuum pump 81 is connected to the first pressure sensor and maintains the vacuum in the outer chamber according to the pressure value of the first pressure sensor. The second vacuum pump 82 is connected to the second pressure sensor and maintains the vacuum in the inner chamber according to the pressure value of the second pressure sensor.

[0066] Furthermore, the cover body 3 includes an outer cover plate 31 and an inner cover plate 32. The outer cover plate 31 is hermetically clamped to the edge of the outer housing 1; the inner cover plate 32 is hermetically clamped to the edge of the inner housing 2. The inner cover plate 32 and the outer cover plate 31 are arranged at intervals to form the above-mentioned cover body channel.

[0067] The outer cover plate 31 is provided with a first clamping groove for clamping the outer housing 1, and the inner cover plate 32 is provided with a second clamping groove for clamping the inner housing 2. Sealing gaskets 300 are provided on the surfaces of the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove.

[0068] It should be noted that the shape of the first clamping groove is the same as the shape of the first opening of the outer housing 1, and the outer housing 1 can be hermetically inserted into the first clamping groove.

[0069] Similarly, the shape of the second clamping groove is the same as the shape of the second opening of the inner housing 2, and the inner housing 2 can be hermetically clamped in the second clamping groove.

[0070] The inner surface of the outer housing 1 is provided with a supporting portion, and the supporting portion abuts against the outer surface of the inner housing 2. Optionally, the outer surface of the inner housing 2 is provided with a supporting portion, and the supporting portion abuts against the inner surface of the outer housing 1.

[0071] The supporting portion realizes the relative position fixation of the outer housing 1 and the inner housing 2 and avoids deformation caused by the external atmospheric pressure.

[0072] In this embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the support part is set in the range of 0.001 W / mK - 0.01 W / mK.

[0073] The outer housing 1 is provided with four first side plates, the inner housing 2 is provided with four second side plates, and the first vacuum pump 81 and the second vacuum pump 82 are arranged on the same first side plate of the outer housing 1.

[0074] Furthermore, each first side plate is provided with a support part.

[0075] In this embodiment, two adjacent first side plates of the outer housing 1 are perpendicular to each other, and two adjacent second side plates of the inner housing 2 are perpendicular to each other. The first vacuum pump 81 and the second vacuum pump 82 are both arranged on the same side plate of the outer housing 1.

[0076] Preferably, the first vacuum pump 81 and the second vacuum pump 82 are both arranged on the upper surface of the outer housing 1.

[0077] Furthermore, a connecting part is provided between the outer cover plate 31 and the inner cover plate 32, and two edges of the connecting part are provided with communication holes 330. The two ends of the communication holes 330 are respectively connected to the interlayer channel and the cover body channel.

[0078] The cover body 3 further includes a wire harness hole 34, which extends from the outside of the outer cover plate 31 to the inside of the inner cover plate 32. The wire harness can pass through the wire harness hole 34 in a sealed manner, so as to ensure that the vacuum effect of the battery thermal insulation shell will not be affected.

[0079] The fuel cell further includes an electric stack 4, a first three-way valve 51, a second three-way valve 52, a water pump 61, an electric heater 62, a stop valve 71 and a double-chamber pressure relief and heat preservation tank 72.

[0080] It should be noted that the electric stack 4 is provided with a cooling inlet and a cooling outlet. The cooling inlet is connected to a first cooling pipeline extending outside the outer housing 1, the cooling outlet is connected to a second cooling pipeline extending outside the outer housing 1, the cooling inlet is provided with a first temperature and pressure sensor 41, and the cooling outlet is provided with a second temperature and pressure sensor 42.

[0081] The first three-way valve 51 is arranged in the inner housing 2 and located on the first cooling pipeline, and the second three-way valve 52 is arranged in the inner housing 2 and located on the second cooling pipeline. The left inlet of the first three-way valve 51 communicates with the external circulation component, the right outlet of the first three-way valve 51 communicates with the cooling inlet, the left outlet of the second three-way valve 52 communicates with the external circulation component, and the right inlet of the second three-way valve 52 communicates with the cooling outlet.

[0082] The water pump 61 and the electric heater 62 are connected in series between the first three-way valve 51 and the second three-way valve 52. Among them, the lower inlet of the first three-way valve 51 is connected to the water pump 61, and the upper outlet of the second three-way valve 52 communicates with the electric heater 62.

[0083] The globe valve 71 is provided on the second cooling pipeline and is located between the second three-way valve 52 and the fuel cell stack 4. The double-chamber pressure-relieving heat-insulating tank 72 is provided in the inner housing 2. Two heat-insulating chambers are provided in the double-chamber pressure-relieving heat-insulating tank 72 and are respectively communicated with both ends of the globe valve 71 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0084] A slidable control part is provided in the double-chamber pressure-relieving heat-insulating tank 72. When the control part slides, the sizes of the two heat-insulating chambers can be adjusted. It can be understood that the sliding direction of the control part is the same as the liquid flow direction in the double-chamber pressure-relieving heat-insulating tank 72.

[0085] When the left inlet of the first three-way valve 51 and the left outlet of the second three-way valve 52 are closed, the water pump 61, the first three-way valve 51, the fuel cell stack 4, the globe valve 71, the second three-way valve 52, and the electric heater 62 are connected in sequence to form an internal circulation mode. In the internal circulation mode, when the left inlet of the first three-way valve 51 and the left outlet of the second three-way valve 52 are continuously opened, the external circulation mode is carried out at this time.

[0086] Embodiment 2:

[0087] This embodiment provides a fuel cell thermal management diagnosis method for performing thermal management diagnosis on the fuel cell provided in Embodiment 1.

[0088] The method includes the following steps:

[0089] In the internal circulation mode (the water pump 61 is turned on, the left inlet of the first three-way valve 51 is closed, and the left outlet of the second three-way valve 52 is closed), the globe valve 71 is closed. After the control part in the double-chamber pressure-relieving heat-insulating tank 72 moves and stays on one side, the globe valve 71, the water pump 61, and the electric heater 62 are turned on.

[0090] After the first time period (for example, 3 s), if the pressure measured by the first temperature and pressure sensor 41 is less than or equal to the first pressure threshold (for example, 0.1 bara), it is determined that the water pump 61 is faulty. Otherwise, it is determined that the water pump 61 is normal.

[0091] It should be noted that if the water pump 61 is faulty, the water pump 61 and the electric heater 62 are turned off, and the fault of the water pump 61 is reported.

[0092] If, after the first time period, if the pressure measured by the first temperature and pressure sensor 41 is greater than the first pressure threshold (for example, the above-mentioned 0.1 bara), and after the second time period (for example, 5 s), if the temperatures measured by the first temperature and pressure sensor 41 and the second temperature and pressure sensor 42 are both greater than the first temperature threshold (for example, 0.2 °C), and the temperature difference between the two is greater than the second temperature threshold (0.1 °C), it is determined that the electric heater 62 is normal. Otherwise, the water pump 61 and the electric heater 62 are turned off, and the fault of the electric heater 62 is reported.

[0093] If both the water pump 61 and the electric heater 62 are normal, continue to detect the temperature and pressure at the corresponding positions through the first temperature and pressure sensor 41 and the second temperature and pressure sensor 42. When the temperatures measured by the first temperature and pressure sensor 41 and the second temperature and pressure sensor 42 are both greater than the third temperature threshold (for example, 10 °C), and the displacement distance of the control unit is greater than the preset distance (for example, 1 mm), it is determined that there is no fault in the first cooling pipeline and the second cooling pipeline.

[0094] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly explaining the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell, characterized in that, Comprising: An outer housing (1) provided with a first opening; An inner housing (2) disposed in the outer housing (1), the inner housing (2) being provided with a second opening facing the first opening, and a sandwich channel being formed between the inner housing (2) and the outer housing (1); A cover body (3) hermetically connecting the first opening and the second opening simultaneously, a cover body channel being provided inside the cover body (3), the cover body channel and the sandwich channel being communicated to form an outer chamber, an inner chamber being formed between the cover body (3) and the inner housing (2), and the inner chamber and the outer chamber being non-communicating with each other and maintaining vacuum respectively; A stack (4) disposed in the inner housing (2), the stack (4) being provided with a cooling inlet and a cooling outlet, the cooling inlet being connected to a first cooling pipeline extending outside the outer housing (1), the cooling outlet being connected to a second cooling pipeline extending outside the outer housing (1), a first temperature and pressure sensor (41) being provided at the cooling inlet, and a second temperature and pressure sensor (42) being provided at the cooling outlet; A first three-way valve (51) disposed in the inner housing (2) and located on the first cooling pipeline; A second three-way valve (52) disposed in the inner housing (2) and located on the second cooling pipeline; A water pump (61) and an electric heater (62) being connected in sequence between the first three-way valve (51) and the second three-way valve (52); A stop valve (71) disposed on the second cooling pipeline and located between the second three-way valve (52) and the stack (4); and A double-chamber pressure-relief heat-insulation tank (72) disposed in the inner housing (2), two heat-insulation chambers being provided inside the double-chamber pressure-relief heat-insulation tank (72) and being respectively communicated to both ends of the stop valve (71), wherein: When the water pump (61), the first three-way valve (51), the stack (4), the stop valve (71), the second three-way valve (52), and the electric heater (62) are connected in sequence, it is an internal circulation mode; The double-chamber pressure-relief heat-insulation tank (72) can replace the coolant in the internal circulation mode, replacing the low-temperature coolant in the coolant replacement pipeline inside the double-chamber pressure-relief heat-insulation tank (72); Based on the internal circulation mode, when the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are fully opened, it is an external circulation mode.

2. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein A slidable control part is provided inside the double-chamber pressure-relief heat-insulation tank (72), and the sizes of the two heat-insulation chambers can be adjusted when the control part slides.

3. The fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer housing (1) is provided with a first through hole (11) and a second through hole (12), the inner housing (2) is provided with a third through hole (21), and a connecting pipe (13) is provided between the third through hole (21) and the second through hole (12); The fuel cell further includes a first vacuum pump (81) and a second vacuum pump (82), the first vacuum pump (81) being communicated with the first through hole (11), and the second vacuum pump (82) being communicated with the second through hole (12).

4. The fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein The cover body (3) includes: An outer cover plate (31) hermetically clamped to the edge of the outer housing (1); and The inner cover plate (32) is hermetically clamped to the edge of the inner housing (2), and is arranged at an interval between the inner cover plate (32) and the outer cover plate (31) to form the cover body channel.

5. The fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer cover plate (31) is provided with a first clamping groove for clamping the outer housing (1), and the inner cover plate (32) is provided with a second clamping groove for clamping the inner housing (2). Sealing gaskets (300) are provided on the surfaces of the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove.

6. The fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein A support portion is provided on the inner surface of the outer housing (1), and the support portion abuts against the outer surface of the inner housing (2); and / or The support portion is provided on the outer surface of the inner housing (2), and the support portion abuts against the inner surface of the outer housing (1).

7. A fuel cell thermal management diagnosis method for diagnosing the fuel cell according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Comprising the following steps: In the internal circulation mode, close the stop valve (71). After the control part in the double-chamber pressure-relief heat preservation tank (72) moves and stays on one side, open the stop valve (71), the water pump (61) and the electric heater (62). After the first time period, if the pressure measured by the first temperature and pressure sensor (41) is less than or equal to the first pressure threshold value, it is determined that the water pump (61) is faulty.

8. A fuel cell thermal management diagnosis method according to claim 7, characterized in that, After the first time period, the following steps are further included: If the pressure measured by the first temperature and pressure sensor (41) is greater than the first pressure threshold value, and after the second time period, if the temperatures measured by the first temperature and pressure sensor (41) and the second temperature and pressure sensor (42) are both greater than the first temperature threshold value, and the temperature difference between the two is greater than the second temperature threshold value, it is determined that the electric heater (62) is normal.

9. A fuel cell thermal management diagnosis method according to claim 8, characterized in that, If both the water pump (61) and the electric heater (62) are normal, the following steps are further included: When the temperatures measured by the first temperature and pressure sensor (41) and the second temperature and pressure sensor (42) are both greater than the third temperature threshold value, and the displacement distance of the control part is greater than the preset distance, it is determined that there is no fault in the first cooling pipeline and the second cooling pipeline.

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