An antenna and communication device

Abstract

The application provides an antenna and a communication device, and relates to the technical field of communication.The antenna provided by the application comprises a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator and a fourth radiator.The first radiator and the second radiator are connected through the third radiator, and the second radiator and the fourth radiator are connected.The first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator enclose a cavity.A first gap is formed between the first radiator and the fourth radiator, and the fourth radiator is provided with a second gap.The extension direction of the second gap is the same as that of the first gap.The second gap is provided with a feeding structure, one end of the feeding structure is fixed to a first gap wall of the second gap, and the other end of the feeding structure is fixed to a second gap wall of the second gap; the direction from the first gap wall to the second gap wall is the same as the direction from the first radiator to the second radiator.The antenna provided by the application can effectively optimize the performance and is beneficial to improving the communication performance of the communication device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna and a communication device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The wifi device has become an indispensable device in daily life. At present, the large-screen device such as smart large screen and smart television can undertake high-definition services such as 4K and 8K. With the development of new generation communication technologies such as the 5th generation mobile networks (5G), and the increase of new applications of large-screen devices, the demand for new frequency bands and high throughput of antennas is generated.

[0003] The existing antenna scheme can meet the coverage requirements of a certain frequency band, but the directivity coefficient of the working frequency band is high, which leads to poor performance of the antenna. Based on this, how to reduce the directivity coefficient of the working frequency band of the antenna to realize the performance optimization of the antenna is a technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field at present. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides an antenna and a communication device to realize the performance optimization of the antenna and improve the communication performance of the communication device.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna, which comprises a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator and a fourth radiator. The first radiator and the second radiator are connected through the third radiator, and the second radiator and the fourth radiator are connected. The first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator enclose a cavity. An open first gap is formed between the first radiator and the fourth radiator, so that the maximum radiation line of the antenna is from the third radiator to the fourth radiator, and a TE10 mode can be formed at the open first gap, thereby facilitating the increase of the bandwidth of the antenna. In addition, the fourth radiator is provided with a second gap, and the extension direction of the second gap is the same as that of the first gap. A feeding structure is arranged in the second gap, one end of the feeding structure is fixed to a first gap wall of the second gap, and the other end is fixed to a second gap wall of the second gap. The direction from the first gap wall to the second gap wall is the same as the direction from the first radiator to the second radiator. When the feeding line and the feeding structure are connected, the connection operation can be performed outside the cavity of the antenna, which can effectively improve the operation convenience.

[0006] In a possible implementation of the present application, the antenna further comprises a feed line, which can be a coaxial feed line for example. The signal conductor of the coaxial feed line can be connected to the feed structure fixed to one end of the first slot wall, and the ground conductor of the coaxial feed line can be connected to the fourth radiator. The connection mode of the coaxial feed line to the feed structure and the fourth radiator can be, but is not limited to, welding. The connection operation can be performed outside the cavity of the antenna, which can improve the convenience of operation and is also conducive to improving the reliability of the connection.

[0007] In a possible implementation of the present application, the antenna further comprises a first end opening and a second end opening. The first end opening and the second end opening are both surrounded by the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, and the fourth radiator, and the first end opening and the second end opening are arranged to face opposite directions. The first end opening can supplement the current flowing on the first radiator and the second radiator, thereby supplementing the pattern energy in the direction of the two ends perpendicular to the first radiator and the second radiator, so as to make the 3D simulation far-field pattern more circular and achieve the purpose of reducing the directivity coefficient.

[0008] In addition, one end of the second slot can also have a first notch, which is located at the edge of the fourth radiator surrounding the first end opening, so that the second slot forms an open-end structure.

[0009] The fourth radiator is further provided with a third slot and a fourth slot. The projection of the third slot on the second slot covers the end of the second slot facing the first end opening. The projection of the fourth slot on the second slot covers the end of the second slot facing the second end opening.

[0010] In a possible implementation of the present application, the third slot and the fourth slot can both be located on the side of the second slot away from the first slot. In addition, one end of the third slot has a second notch, which is located at the edge of the fourth radiator surrounding the first end opening, or the second notch is located at the edge of the fourth radiator forming the first slot.

[0011] One end of the fourth slot can also have a third notch, which is located at the edge of the fourth radiator surrounding the second end opening, or the third notch is located at the edge of the fourth radiator forming the first slot.

[0012] As can be seen from the above, in the present application, the antenna can generate a TE10 mode through the cavity and the first slit, in which mode the antenna can generate a first resonant frequency, which is approximately 2.4 GHz. The antenna can generate a parasitic mode near the fourth radiator through the first radiator and the third radiator, in which mode the antenna can generate a second resonant frequency, which is approximately 4.4 GHz. The antenna can generate a slot fundamental mode through the second slit, in which mode the antenna can generate a third resonant frequency, which is approximately 5.1 GHz. The antenna can generate a high-order mode of the second slit through the second slit, the third slit and the fourth slit, in which mode the antenna can generate a fourth resonant frequency, which is approximately 6.5 GHz. In addition, the antenna can also generate a parasitic fundamental mode at the third slit through the second slit, the third slit and the fourth slit, in which mode the antenna can generate a fifth resonant frequency, which is approximately 6.9 GHz.

[0013] The antenna provided in the present application can not only cover the commonly used wifi 2.4G frequency band, wifi 5G frequency band and wifi 6G frequency band. It can also be applied to the NR frequency band, and exemplarily cover the N40 frequency band, the N41 frequency band, the N78 frequency band and the N79 frequency band.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a communication device comprising a reflector plate and the antenna of the first aspect. In specific applications, the communication device can be, but is not limited to, a smart large screen, a smart television, a customer premise equipment (CPE), a router, a repeater, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer or a sound box, a vehicle-mounted communication device or a wearable device, etc. The antenna is arranged on the reflector plate. In the present application, the specific type of the communication device, and the mounting position and mounting manner of the antenna on the reflector plate of the communication device are not limited in the present application.

[0015] In the communication device provided in the present application, since the antenna has a three-dimensional structure surrounded by four surfaces, the current distribution on the reflector plate is relatively concentrated. Therefore, the antenna is less affected by the environment, and is easy to layout on the reflector plate, which can be beneficial to expand the application scenario range of the antenna and improve the performance of the antenna, thereby effectively improving the communication performance of the communication device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a conventional antenna;

[0017] Figure 2 is a 3D directional diagram of the antenna in Figure 1 working at a 5.3 GHz frequency band;

[0018] Figure 3A structure diagram of an antenna provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 A structure diagram of an antenna provided for another embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 A standing wave diagram of an antenna provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 An efficiency diagram of an antenna provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figures 7a to 7e An electric field / current simulation diagram of an antenna provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figures 8a to 8e A 3D simulation far field pattern of an antenna provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 9a A structure diagram of a planar antenna provided for the present application;

[0025] Figure 9b A structure diagram of an antenna provided for the present application; Figure 9a A 3D simulation far field pattern of an antenna shown in FIG. 1 working at a 5.4 GHz frequency band;

[0026] Figure 9c A structure diagram of an antenna provided for another embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 9d A 3D simulation far field pattern of an antenna shown in FIG. 2 working at a 5.4 GHz frequency band; Figure 9c

[0028] An electric field simulation diagram of an antenna shown in FIG. 3 working at a 5.4 GHz frequency band; Figure 9e Figure 9c A structure diagram of an antenna provided for another embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 10a A 3D simulation far field pattern of an antenna shown in FIG. 4 working at a 6.5 GHz frequency band;

[0030] Figure 10b Figure 10a A structure diagram of an antenna provided for another embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 10c A 3D simulation far field pattern of an antenna shown in FIG. 5 working at a 6.5 GHz frequency band;

[0032] Figure 10d A structure diagram of an antenna provided for another embodiment of the present application; Figure 10c

[0033] Figure 11a ​​​Structure diagram of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 11b The antenna shown in FIG. 1 works at a 3D simulated far-field pattern of a 6.9 GHz frequency band; Figure 11a

[0035] Figure 11c Structure diagram of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 11d The antenna shown in FIG. 1 works at a 3D simulated far-field pattern of a 6.9 GHz frequency band; Figure 11c

[0037] Figure 12 Structure diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figures 13a to 13e 3D simulated far-field pattern of the communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 14 Structure diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 15 3D simulated far-field pattern of the communication device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 14

[0041] Current simulation diagram of the communication device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 16 Figure 14 Current simulation diagram of the communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 17 Current simulation diagram of the communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 18 Figure 14 Current simulation diagram of the communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 19 Structure diagram of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 20 Structure diagram of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 21 Structure diagram of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 22 Structure diagram of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Reference signs:

[0049] 01 - loading wall;​​​​

[0050] 1-antenna; 101-first radiator; 102-second radiator; 103-third radiator; 104-fourth radiator;

[0051] 1041-first slot; 1042-second slot; 10421-feed structure; 1043-third slot; 1044-fourth slot;

[0052] 1045-short-circuit point; 105-cavity; 2-feed line; 201-inner conductor; 202-outer conductor; 203-insulating layer; 3-reflecting plate;

[0053] 4-base support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0055] In order to facilitate the understanding of the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application, the application scenario thereof will be introduced first below.

[0056] The antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied in a communication device, for receiving or transmitting wireless signals to realize the wireless communication function of the communication device. The communication device can exemplarily be a smart large screen, a smart television, a customer premise equipment (CPE), a router, a repeater, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer or a sound box, a vehicle-mounted communication device or a wearable device, etc.

[0057] In a wireless communication device, the transmission and reception of wireless signals are mainly realized by relying on an antenna. The main performance indicators of the antenna include bandwidth, gain, polarization direction, etc. Among them, the wider the bandwidth is, the higher the channel capacity that the antenna can support is. The higher the gain is, the farther the communication distance that the antenna can support is. The polarization direction represents the direction of the electric field intensity formed when the antenna radiates, and the ground is usually taken as the reference surface. Among them, when the direction of the electric field intensity is perpendicular to the ground, the electric wave is called vertical polarization wave. When the direction of the electric field intensity is parallel to the ground, the electric wave is called horizontal polarization wave. Due to the characteristics of the electric wave, the signal of the horizontal polarization propagation will generate a polarization current on the ground surface when it is close to the ground, and the polarization current will generate heat energy due to the influence of the ground impedance, so that the electric field signal will rapidly attenuate. The vertical polarization mode is not easy to generate a polarization current on the ground surface, so it can avoid the large attenuation of energy and ensure the effective propagation of the signal.

[0058] However, the current antenna is greatly affected by the ground plate or the reflecting plate of the antenna, especially in the communication device with a large screen having the antenna, the reflecting plate connected with the antenna is large, which will make the energy concentrate behind the screen of the communication device, thereby causing the 3D directivity coefficient of the antenna to be high. Figure 1 Figure 1 A traditional five-cavity loaded direct-fed antenna is shown. In this embodiment, the cavity mode and the cavity frequency-doubled mode are generated by a loading wall 01. In the cavity mode, the antenna can generate a resonance point with a resonance frequency of about 2.4 GHz; in the cavity frequency-doubled mode, the antenna can generate a resonance point with a resonance frequency of about 5.3 GHz. Then the antenna can cover the wifi 2.4G and wifi 5G bands, but the standing wave pattern of the antenna shows that the bandwidth of the wifi 5G band is narrow.

[0059] Referring to Figure 2 Figure 2 for Figure 1 the 3D simulation far-field pattern of the antenna in the 5.3 GHz band. As can be seen from the pattern, the directivity coefficient of the antenna operating in the 5.3 GHz band is 5.7dbi. High directivity coefficient will cause high gain, and the power spectral density limit requires that the higher the gain, the lower the wireless transmission power required by the regulation, which will affect the connection of the signal, thereby causing the communication performance of the antenna to decrease.

[0060] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna with an effectively reduced directivity coefficient to improve the communication performance of the communication device having the antenna.

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0062] The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting on the present application. As used in the specification and the appended claims of the present application, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include both the singular and plural forms, e.g., "one or more," unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that "at least one," "one or more" means one, two, or more than two in the following embodiments of the present application. The term "and / or" is used to describe the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships; for example, A and / or B can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects.

[0063] ​​Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in some embodiments" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but can refer to different embodiments, although the phrases can be used to describe particular

[0064] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 3 The structure of an antenna according to one possible embodiment of the application is shown. In this embodiment, the antenna can be provided as a three-dimensional structure, which can include a first radiator 101, a second radiator 102, a third radiator 103, and a fourth radiator 104. The first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 are oppositely arranged, the third radiator 103 and the fourth radiator 104 are oppositely arranged, and the third radiator 103 is used to connect the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102, and the fourth radiator 104 is connected with the second radiator 102, so as to enclose a cavity 105 of the antenna. The antenna can be a three-dimensional tetrahedron structure, which includes two end openings enclosed by the first radiator 101, the second radiator 102, the third radiator 103, and the fourth radiator 104, which can be respectively denoted as a first end opening and a second end opening. The direction of the first end opening can be indicated by the direction of A in Figure 3 , and the direction of the second end opening can be indicated by the direction of B in Figure 3 . As can be seen from Figure 3 , the first end opening and the second end opening are oppositely arranged.

[0065] In addition, it is worth mentioning that, in the present application, the first radiator 101 and the fourth radiator 104 are not connected, so as to form an open first gap 1041 between the first radiator 101 and the fourth radiator 104. In this way, the maximum radiation direction of the antenna can be the direction of the third radiator 103 towards the fourth radiator 104 (the direction of C in Figure 3 ), and the electric field formed by the antenna is converted into a waveguide-like TE10 mode at the first gap 1041, which is beneficial to increase the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0066] Reference can be made to Figure 3In the embodiments of this application, the first radiator 101, the second radiator 102, the third radiator 103, and the fourth radiator 104 can all be thin-walled metal structures. In one possible embodiment, the antenna can be a one-piece molded structure. Specifically, a metal plate (such as a copper plate or an aluminum plate) can be bent to form a shape like... Figure 3 The antenna has a cavity structure as shown. The first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102, as well as the third radiator 103 and the fourth radiator 104, can be parallel to each other or form a certain angle. This application does not specify the angle.

[0067] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiments, the first radiator 101, the second radiator 102, the third radiator 103, and the fourth radiator 104 can all be rectangular thin-walled structures. In other embodiments of this application, the first radiator 101, the second radiator 102, the third radiator 103, and the fourth radiator 104 can also be configured with other possible shapes, as long as they can be connected to form the cavity 105. Furthermore, the shapes of the first radiator 101, the second radiator 102, the third radiator 103, and the fourth radiator 104 can be completely identical, partially identical, or completely different.

[0068] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, the specific dimensions of the first radiator 101, the second radiator 102, the third radiator 103 and the fourth radiator 104 are not limited, and they can be reasonably designed according to specific application scenarios.

[0069] In addition to the bending method described above, the antenna of this application can also have the first radiator 101, the second radiator 102, the third radiator 103, and the fourth radiator 104 each formed as independent structures, and then assembled by processes such as welding to form an antenna with a cavity structure. In some other embodiments, metal layers can be respectively disposed on the four surfaces of the dielectric substrate, and these four metal layers serve as the first radiator 101, the second radiator 102, the third radiator 103, and the fourth radiator 104. The metal layers can be disposed in a manner that is not limited to electroplating or coating, and this application does not limit the specific material or manufacturing process of the metal layers.

[0070] Continue to refer to Figure 3A second slot 1042 can also be formed on the fourth radiator 104, and the extension direction of the second slot 1042 can be the same as that of the first slot 1041. It should be understood that the extension direction of the second slot 1042 being the same as that of the first slot 1041 does not mean that the second slot 1042 is arranged in parallel with the first slot 1041, but also means that there can be a certain angle between the two, as long as the extension trends of the two are substantially the same. In addition, the extension length of the second slot 1042 can be adjusted according to the wavelength of the resonant frequency generated thereby. For example, the extension length of the second slot 1042 can be adjusted according to the resonant frequency of 5 GHz.

[0071] With reference to the foregoing description Figure 3 One end of the second slot 1042 can be provided with a notch, so that the second slot 1042 is formed in an open-ended structure. The notch of the second slot 1042 can be located at the edge of the fourth radiator 104 for forming the first end opening. A feeding structure 10421 is arranged in the second slot 1042, and the fourth radiator 104 can receive or emit electromagnetic waves through the feeding structure 10421. One end of the feeding structure 10421 is connected with the first slot wall of the second slot 1042, and the other end is connected with the second slot wall of the second slot 1042. In the embodiment, the direction from the first slot wall to the second slot wall can be the same as the direction from the first radiator 101 to the second radiator 102. Figure 3 It can be seen that the first slot wall and the second slot wall can be arranged oppositely to form a feeding port of the slot direct feed in the second slot 1042.

[0072] In addition, as Figure 3 shown, in the embodiment, since the feeding structure 10421 is arranged in the second slot 1042 of the fourth radiator 104, when the feeding wire is connected with the feeding structure 10421, the operation such as welding can be performed outside the cavity 105 of the antenna, and the operation convenience is effectively improved.

[0073] With reference to the foregoing description Figure 4 , Figure 4A structure diagram showing the connection of the feed line 2 and the feed structure 10421 is shown. The feed line 2 can be but is not limited to a coaxial feed line, which includes an inner conductor 201 and an outer conductor 202 arranged coaxially. An insulating layer 203 can be arranged between the inner conductor 201 and the outer conductor 202 to avoid short circuit between the inner conductor 201 and the outer conductor 202. The inner conductor 201 can serve as a signal conductor of the feed line 2, and the outer conductor 202 can serve as a ground conductor of the feed line 2. When the coaxial feed line is connected to the feed structure 10421, the inner conductor 201 of the coaxial feed line can be connected to the feed structure 10421 at one end of the first slot wall, and the outer conductor 202 can be connected to the surface of the fourth radiator 104, which can be but is not limited to welding. Thus, the electrical connection between the feed line 2 and the feed structure 10421 is achieved, so that the antenna is connected to the feed circuit through the feed line 2.

[0074] With reference to the foregoing description of the first embodiment, the second embodiment of the antenna is described below. Figure 3 Figure 4 The second slot 1042 can further be provided with a third slot 1043 on the side away from the first slot 1041. The third slot 1043 can be located near the feed structure 10421, and the third slot 1043 can cover the end of the second slot 1042 facing the first end opening. One end of the third slot 1043 can be provided with a notch, so that the third slot 1043 is open at one end. The notch of the third slot 1043 can be located at the edge of the fourth radiator 104 surrounding the first end opening. In addition, the extension length L1 of the third slot 1043 can be λ / 4, where λ is the wavelength of the resonant frequency generated by the third slot 1043.

[0075] The fourth radiator 104 can further be provided with a fourth slot 1044, which can also be provided on the side of the second slot 1042 away from the first slot 1041. The projection of the fourth slot 1044 on the second slot 1042 covers the end of the second slot 1042 facing the second end opening. One end of the fourth slot 1044 can also be provided with a notch, so that the fourth slot 1044 is open at one end. Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the notch of the fourth slot 1044 can be located at the edge of the fourth radiator 104 surrounding the second end opening. In addition, the extension length L2 of the fourth slot 1044 can be λ / 4, where λ is the wavelength of the resonant frequency generated by the fourth slot 1044.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present application, the extension lengths of the third slot 1043 and the fourth slot 1044 can be the same. In other embodiments, the extension lengths of the third slot 1043 and the fourth slot 1044 can be different, which can be adjusted according to the frequency band covered by the antenna. In some embodiments of the present application, the extension lengths of the third slot 1043 and the fourth slot 1044 can be the same. In other embodiments, the extension lengths of the third slot 1043 and the fourth slot 1044 can be different, which can be adjusted according to the frequency band covered by the antenna.

[0077] exist Figure 3 or Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the distance between the third gap 1043 and the second gap 1042, and the distance between the fourth gap 1044 and the second gap 1042, can be the same. In other embodiments of this application, the distance between the third gap 1043 and the second gap 1042, and the distance between the fourth gap 1044 and the second gap 1042, can be different, and can be adjusted according to the impedance of S11.

[0078] In the above embodiments, the third gap 1043 and the fourth gap 1044 are located on the side of the second gap 1042 opposite to the first gap 1041. In other embodiments, the third gap 1043 and the fourth gap 1044 may also be located between the second gap 1042 and the first gap 1041, or the third gap 1043 and the fourth gap 1044 may be located on both sides of the second gap 1042.

[0079] After understanding the structure of the antenna in this application, the performance of the antenna will be introduced next.

[0080] First, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 Showing Figure 4 The standing wave diagram of the antenna structure is shown. In this embodiment, the antenna can generate five resonant points, corresponding to 2.4 GHz, 4.1 GHz, 5.4 GHz, 6.5 GHz, and 6.9 GHz, respectively. Therefore, it can be seen that the antenna provided in this application can achieve continuous coverage in the 2.3–2.7 GHz frequency band and the 4–7 GHz frequency band, thereby widening the antenna's operating frequency band and meeting the ultra-wideband requirements of the antenna.

[0081] Furthermore, the antenna provided in this application can cover not only the commonly used Wi-Fi 2.4G, 5G, and 6G frequency bands, but also the NR frequency bands, for example, covering the N40, N41, N78, and N79 frequency bands.

[0082] Secondly, refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 The efficiency diagram of the antenna provided in this application. Among them, Figure 6 The dashed line in the diagram represents the antenna's radiation efficiency curve, which indicates the antenna's maximum radiation capability. However, during operation, the radiated energy of the antenna is lost, resulting in a reduction in the antenna's actual radiation efficiency. In this application, the antenna's actual radiation efficiency can be referred to as the antenna's system efficiency. Figure 6 The solid line in the graph represents the antenna's system efficiency curve. Figure 6It can be seen that the antenna's system efficiency is above -1.5dB in any operating frequency band, which meets the antenna's design requirements.

[0083] To correlate the resonant point generated by the antenna with its structure and to understand its working principle, an electric field / current simulation of the antenna can be performed. (Refer to...) Figure 7a , Figure 7a The simulation diagram of the electric field of antenna 1 located at the first slot 1041 is shown. Figure 7a The direction of the electric field is indicated by an arrow. Then, from... Figure 7a It can be seen that the electric field is in the same direction at this time, and along the short side of the first slit 1041 (the side of the first slit 1041 from the first radiator 101 to the fourth radiator 104, or from the fourth radiator 104 to the first radiator 101), thereby forming a cavity TE10 mode at the first slit 1041. In this mode, the antenna 1 can generate a resonant point with a resonant frequency of approximately 2.45 GHz.

[0084] Reference Figure 7b , Figure 7b The simulation diagrams of the currents at the first radiator 101, the third radiator 103, and the fourth radiator 104 of the antenna are shown. Figure 7b Arrows are used to indicate the direction of current flow. Then, from... Figure 7b It can be seen that the connection structure between the plane of the first radiator 101 and the plane of the third radiator 103 forms an L-shaped parasitic mode near the fourth radiator 104. In this mode, the antenna 1 can generate a resonant point with a resonant frequency of approximately 4.4 GHz.

[0085] Reference Figure 7c , Figure 7c The simulation diagram of the electric field of antenna 1 located at the second slot 1042 is shown. Figure 7c The direction of the electric field is indicated by an arrow. Then, from... Figure 7c It can be seen that the electric field is in the same direction at the second slot 1042, thus forming the slot fundamental mode at the second slot 1042. In this mode, antenna 1 can generate a resonant point with a resonant frequency of approximately 5.1 GHz.

[0086] Reference Figure 7d , Figure 7d The simulation diagram of the electric field of antenna 1 located at the second slot 1042, the third slot 1043, and the fourth slot 1044 is shown. Figure 7d The direction of the electric field is indicated by an arrow. Then, from... Figure 7dIt can be seen that the electric field at the second slot 1042 is co-directional, and the electric field generated at the third slot 1043 and the fourth slot 1044 is opposite to the electric field at the second slot 1042, thereby forming a high-order mode of the second slot 1042, in which mode the antenna 1 can generate a resonance point with a resonance frequency of about 6.5 GHz.

[0087] Referring to Figure 7e , Figure 7e The simulation diagram of the electric field of the antenna 1 at the second slot 1042, the third slot 1043 and the fourth slot 1044 is shown, in which Figure 7e the direction of the electric field is indicated by arrows. It can be seen from Figure 7e that at this time there is a reverse electric field at the second slot 1042, and the radiation of the antenna 1 is mainly concentrated at the third slot 1043, thereby generating a parasitic base mode at the third slot 1043, in which mode the antenna 1 can generate a resonance point with a resonance frequency of about 6.9 GHz.

[0088] From the above description of the embodiments, it can be seen that there is an inevitable relationship between the directivity coefficient of the antenna 1 and the communication performance of the antenna 1. Next, the directivity coefficient of the antenna 1 provided by the present application when working in different frequency bands will be discussed in combination with the drawings.

[0089] Referring to Figure 8a , Figure 8a The 3D simulation far-field pattern of the antenna working in the 2.45 GHz frequency band is shown. It can be seen from Figure 8a that the directivity coefficient of the 2.45 GHz frequency band generated by the cavity TE10 mode is 2.5 dbi.

[0090] Referring to Figure 8b , Figure 8b The 3D simulation far-field pattern of the antenna working in the 4.4 GHz frequency band is shown. It can be seen from Figure 8b that the directivity coefficient of the 4.4 GHz frequency band generated by the L-shaped parasitic mode formed by the connecting structure of the plane of the first radiator and the plane of the third radiator near the fourth radiator is 3.4 dbi.

[0091] Referring to Figure 8c , Figure 8c The 3D simulation far-field pattern of the antenna working in the 5.1 GHz frequency band is shown. It can be seen from Figure 8c that the directivity coefficient of the 5.1 GHz frequency band generated by the slot base mode is 3.0 dbi.

[0092] Referring to Figure 8d , Figure 8d The 3D simulation far-field pattern of the antenna working in the 6.5 GHz frequency band is shown. It can be seen from Figure 8dIt can be seen that the directivity coefficient of the 6.5GHz band generated by the higher-order mode of the gap is 3.8dbi.

[0093] Reference Figure 8e , Figure 8e This paper presents a 3D simulated far-field radiation pattern of the antenna operating in the 6.9 GHz band. Figure 8e It can be seen that the directivity coefficient of the 6.9 GHz band generated by the slot parasitic mode is 3.5 dBi.

[0094] Analysis of the 3D simulation far-field radiation patterns of the antenna at various operating frequency bands reveals that the antenna provided in this application exhibits low directivity coefficients across the entire frequency band. This is particularly evident compared to traditional antennas (e.g., Figure 1 Compared to the antenna shown, the directivity coefficient of antennas in the 5GHz to 7GHz frequency band can be reduced by more than 2dB.

[0095] The optimization of the directivity coefficient of the antenna used in this application is related to its specific structural configuration. The optimization process will be described below using some commonly used frequency bands of the antenna provided in the above embodiments of this application as examples. First, the optimization analysis of the directivity coefficient in the 5.4GHz band will be conducted, referring to… Figure 9a , Figure 9a An antenna with only a one-dimensional plane is shown, in which a slot with an open end is provided, and a feeding structure 10421 is provided in the slot. Both the slot and the feeding structure 10421 can be designed with reference to the second slot 1042 of the antenna provided in this application and the feeding structure 10421 provided in the second slot 1042.

[0096] Figure 9b Showing Figure 9a The image shows a 3D simulated far-field radiation pattern of the antenna operating in the 5.4 GHz band. The 3D radiation pattern of this antenna is a D-mode slot pattern with a directivity coefficient of 3.9 dBi.

[0097] Additionally, refer to Figure 9c , Figure 9c An antenna according to one embodiment of this application is shown. The antenna has a three-dimensional structure. Furthermore, this antenna is related to… Figure 3 or Figure 4 The antenna in the illustrated embodiment differs in that the third slot 1043 and the fourth slot 1044 are omitted. See also... Figure 9d , Figure 9d Showing Figure 9c The image shows a 3D simulated far-field radiation pattern of the antenna operating in the 5.4 GHz band. This was achieved through... Figure 9d and Figure 9bIt can be seen from the comparison that the directivity coefficient of the antenna with the three-dimensional structure provided in the application working at the 5.4 GHz frequency band can be reduced by 1 dB. This is because the three-dimensional antenna has the first end opening in the C-shaped structure as shown in Figure 9e , which can supplement the current flowing on the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102, thereby achieving the purpose of supplementing Figure 9b , the 3D simulation far-field pattern in the vertical direction of the two ends of the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102, thereby making the 3D simulation far-field pattern more circular to achieve the purpose of reducing the directivity coefficient.

[0098] Next, the optimization of the directivity coefficient at the 6.5 GHz frequency band is analyzed. As shown in Figure 10a , Figure 10a , a structural schematic diagram of the antenna of an embodiment of the application is shown. The antenna is a three-dimensional structure, which is different from the antenna of the embodiment shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4 in that the fourth gap 1044 is omitted. In addition, the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 10a , Figure 10a indicates the electric field direction of the antenna working at the 6.5 GHz frequency band. In this embodiment, since the resonance point at 6.5 GHz depends on the high-order mode of the second gap 1042, the energy of the current generated by the antenna radiation is weak at the end of the second gap 1042 close to the second end opening. Referring to Figure 10b , Figure 10b , a 3D simulation far-field pattern of the antenna shown in Figure 10a working at the 6.5 GHz frequency band is shown. The directivity coefficient of the antenna in this embodiment is 4.7 dbi.

[0099] Referring to Figure 10c , Figure 3 , an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application is shown. In this embodiment, the structure of the antenna is the same as that of the antenna of the embodiment shown in Figure 4 or Figure 10c . In this embodiment, the length L1 of the third gap 1043 in the extension direction thereof is 9 mm, and the length L2 of the fourth gap 1044 in the extension direction thereof is 10 mm. Continuing to refer to the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 10c , Figure 10a , the direction indicated by the arrow indicates the electric field direction of the antenna working at the 6.5 GHz frequency band. Since the antenna has the fourth gap 1044 compared with the antenna in Figure 10b , the current path is increased, and the longitudinal current (in the application, the direction from the first radiator 101 to the second radiator 102 is referred to as longitudinal) is increased more, so it can supplement Figure 10dthe energy coverage of the direction pattern shown in FIG. 10B at the two end portions of the second slot 1042, so that the 3D simulation far field direction pattern is more balanced, thereby obtaining the 3D simulation far field direction pattern shown in FIG. 10C. Figure 10d The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 10c The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 10a The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11a The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz.

[0100] The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11a The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 3 The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 4 The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11a The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11b The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11b The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11a The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11c The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz.

[0101] The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 3 The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 4 The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11c The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11a The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11b The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11d The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11d The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11c The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 11a The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 12 The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Figure 12 The antenna shown in FIG. 10A operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz.

[0102] After understanding the structure of the antenna of the present application and the optimization process of its directivity coefficient, the communication performance of the communication device using the antenna is analyzed. Referring to Figure 12 , Figures 13a to 13e The structural diagram of the communication device provided by one possible embodiment of the present application is shown. The communication device can be, but is not limited to, a smart large screen, a smart TV, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, etc.

[0103] Continuing to refer to Figures 13a to 13e , the communication device can include a reflector plate 3 and the antenna 1 provided by any of the above embodiments. The antenna 1 is arranged on the reflector plate 3. For example, the antenna 1 can be arranged at one end of the reflector plate 3, so as to avoid interference of the arrangement of the antenna with the layout of other structures in the communication device.

[0104] Referring to Figure 14 , Figure 14 are the directivity diagrams when the communication device works at 2.45 GHz, 4.1 GHz, 5.4 GHz, 6.5 GHz and 6.9 GHz frequency bands, respectively. The directivity coefficient of 2.45 GHz is 4.5 dbi, and the directivity coefficients of 4 GHz-7 GHz frequency bands are basically around 7 dBi.

[0105] Referring to Figure 15 , Figure 16 is a communication device provided with a traditional planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). The 3D simulation far-field directivity diagram of the planar inverted-F antenna of this embodiment on the reflector plate 3 is shown in Figure 16 . The diagram can be explained by the principle of a dipole antenna: the directivity diagram of a dipole of unequal length (asymmetry) is controlled by the long arm (reflector plate 3). The larger the size of the reflector plate 3, the more the 3D simulation far-field directivity diagram is biased to one side of the reflector plate. The higher the mode order of the reflector plate, the more zero points appear in the 3D simulation far-field directivity diagram, and the higher the directivity. Under the current overall architecture of the communication device, the maximum directivity coefficient of the antenna is 7.2 dBi (2.45 GHz). For reference, Figure 12 , Figure 12 The current diagram on the reflector plate 3 of the communication device of this embodiment is shown. There are pairs of opposite currents on the reflector plate.

[0106] By comparison, it can be known that the directivity coefficient of the communication device using the antenna provided by the present application working at 2.45 GHz frequency band can be reduced by about 2.7 db. In addition, the directivity coefficient of 4 GHz-7 GHz frequency band also has an advantage of 2 db.

[0107] Continuing to refer to Figure 12The reflector 3 of the communication device provided in this application may also be provided with a base bracket 4 at one end, which can be used to support the communication device. The number of base brackets 4 can be one or at least two. Distance d (mm) In the embodiment shown, two base brackets 4 are provided on the reflector 3 to achieve stable support for the entire communication device.

[0108] In addition, 2.45 GHz (dbi) In the illustrated embodiment, antenna 1 and the base bracket 4 can be disposed at the same end of reflector 3. In a specific embodiment of this application, the area of ​​reflector 3 can be 1200mm × 600mm. Table 1 shows the directivity coefficients of the communication device operating in the 2.45GHz and 5.4GHz frequency bands when antenna 1 is disposed at different positions at the end of reflector 3. It is understood that in this application, the change in the distance d between antenna 1 and one of the base brackets 4 represents the change in the position of antenna 1 on reflector 3.

[0109] Table 1

[0110] Distance d (mm) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 5.4 GHz (dbi) 5 5.1 5 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Figure 17 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 Figure 17 7.1 7.2 7.1 7.1 6.9 6.9 6.9 7 7 7 7.1 7.1

[0111] As shown in Table 1, with the change in the placement position of antenna 1 on reflector 3, the directivity of the communication device remains around 5 dBi when operating in the 2.45 GHz band, and around 7 dBi when operating in the 5.4 GHz band. Therefore, in both the 2.45 GHz and 5.4 GHz bands, the directivity of the communication device remains relatively stable regardless of the antenna's placement position. Thus, when installing the antenna provided in this application in a communication device, the antenna can be arranged according to the available space within the device. This expands the antenna's applicability and improves its versatility.

[0112] Reference Figure 18 , Figure 18 A current simulation diagram for a communication device using the antenna provided in this application. Additionally, refer to... Figure 14 , Figure 17 for Figure 18 The diagram shows a current simulation of the communication device. Figure 17 and Figure 18 In the diagram, the darker the color of the striped area, the greater the current intensity in that area. A comparison shows that, under the same electric field excitation, the current distribution is more concentrated in the antenna provided in this application due to its three-dimensional structure enclosed on four sides. (Refer to...) Figure 19 The portion within the dashed box indicates that the current does not extend further beyond the antenna.

[0113] For traditional antennas, due to their more open structure, the current distribution is more diffused, as can be seen from... Figure 19 The portion within the dashed box shows a stronger current distribution on reflector 3. A comparison reveals that the antenna provided in this application is less affected by the environment, easier to implement on reflector 3, and has less impact on other antennas.

[0114] It is understood that the embodiments provided in this application are only specifically described using a smart screen or smart TV as an example of a communication device. In other embodiments, the antenna can also be used in many different types of communication devices. In general, this application does not limit the specific type of communication device, or the installation location and method of the antenna in the communication device.

[0115] In addition to the structural form provided in the above embodiments, the antenna of this application can also refer to... Figure 3 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure according to another embodiment of this application. Figure 19 or Figure 19 The difference in the illustrated embodiment is that: Figure 20 The second slot 1042 of the antenna in the embodiment shown is configured as a short-circuit structure with both ends closed.

[0116] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the second gap 1042 of the short-circuited structure at both ends can be integrally formed on the fourth radiator 104. In other embodiments of this application, for example... Figure 21 It can also be done by Figure 21 A short-circuit point 1045 is provided at the opening of the second slit 1042 of the open-circuit structure at one end of the wire shown. The short-circuit point 1045 may be, by example, a metal device (e.g., a metal sheet) or a lumped device (e.g., a capacitor, inductor, or resistor).

[0117] Additionally, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the antenna according to another embodiment of this application is provided. This antenna is related to… Figure 21 or Figure 21 The difference in the antenna shown lies in the opening direction of the fourth slot 1044. Figure 22 In the embodiment shown, the opening direction of the fourth slit 1044 faces the first slit 1041. ​In particular, the first slit 1041 and the fourth slit 1044 can be perpendicular to each other in the direction of the slits. Through electric field simulation and pattern analysis of the antenna, it is found that the antenna of the structure can also cover the commonly used wifi 2.4G, wifi 5G, wifi 6G frequency bands. It can also be applied to the NR frequency band, and exemplary, it can cover the N40, N41, N78, and N79 frequency bands. And the directivity coefficient of the antenna is effectively reduced, and the communication performance is improved.

[0118] The above embodiments are only some exemplary descriptions of the structure of the antenna of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make a series of modifications on the basis of the antenna structure, for example, in ​ In particular, the first slit 1041 and the fourth slit 1044 can be perpendicular to each other in the direction of the slits. Through electric field simulation and pattern analysis of the antenna, it is found that the antenna of the structure can also cover the commonly used wifi 2.4G, wifi 5G, wifi 6G frequency bands. It can also be applied to the NR frequency band, and exemplary, it can cover the N40, N41, N78, and N79 frequency bands. And the directivity coefficient of the antenna is effectively reduced, and the communication performance is improved.

[0119] The above, only for the specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any skilled in the art of the technical person in the technical range disclosed by the present application, can easily think of changes or replacement, should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, It includes a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator, and a fourth radiator, wherein: The first radiator and the second radiator are arranged opposite to each other, and the third radiator and the fourth radiator are arranged opposite to each other. The first radiator and the second radiator are connected through the third radiator, and the second radiator and the fourth radiator are connected. The first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator form a cavity for the antenna. An open first gap is formed between the first radiator and the fourth radiator, and the fourth radiator is provided with a second gap, the extension direction of the second gap being the same as the extension direction of the first gap; A power feeding structure is provided in the second gap, one end of which is fixed to the first gap wall of the second gap, and the other end is fixed to the second gap wall of the second gap; the direction from the first gap wall to the second gap wall is the same as the direction from the first radiator to the second radiator; The antenna further includes a first end opening, which is surrounded by the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator; The first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, and the fourth radiator are all thin-walled metal structures.

2. The antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna further includes a second end opening, which is surrounded by the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator, and the first end opening and the second end opening are arranged in opposite directions.

3. The antenna as described in claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the second gap has a first notch, which is located at the edge of the fourth radiator that forms the first end opening.

4. The antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The antenna also includes a feed line, which is a coaxial feed line. The signal conductor of the coaxial feed line is connected to one end of the feed structure that is fixed to the first slot wall, and the ground conductor of the coaxial feed line is connected to the fourth radiator.

5. The antenna as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The fourth radiator is further provided with a third slit and a fourth slit, wherein the projection of the third slit onto the second slit covers the end of the second slit that opens toward the first end; and the projection of the fourth slit onto the second slit covers the end of the second slit that opens toward the second end.

6. The antenna as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Both the third and fourth gaps are located on the side of the second gap away from the first gap.

7. The antenna as described in claim 5, characterized in that, One end of the third slit has a second notch, which is located at the edge of the fourth radiator that forms the first end opening; or the second notch is located at the edge of the fourth radiator that forms the first slit.

8. The antenna as described in claim 5, characterized in that, One end of the fourth slit has a third notch located at the edge of the fourth radiator that forms the second end opening; or the third notch is located at the edge of the fourth radiator that forms the first slit.

9. The antenna as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The antenna generates a first resonant frequency through the cavity and the first gap; The antenna generates a second resonant frequency through the first radiator and the third radiator; The antenna generates a third resonant frequency through the second gap; The antenna generates a fourth resonant frequency through the second slit, the third slit, and the fourth slit; The antenna generates a fifth resonant frequency through the second slit, the third slit, and the fourth slit.

10. The antenna as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The antenna covers the 2.4G, 5G, and 6G Wi-Fi bands; or, the antenna covers the N40, N41, N78, and N79 bands.

11. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a reflector and an antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the antenna is disposed on the reflector.

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