Full-duplex index modulation

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A receiving device and a transmitting device may utilize index modulation for full-duplex operation. A transmitting device, such as a base station or user equipment (UE), may define a resource element (RE) block for transmission. The transmitting device may then transmit a power-boosted indexed modulated signal at a data RE location within a resource allocation, and may skip transmitting within the remaining REs of the resource allocation. The transmitting device may indicate the number of REs per RE block to a receiving device (e.g., a UE). The receiving device may use this information to perform energy detection for determining which REs within the RE block include power-boosted indexed modulated transmissions and which REs within the RE block are empty REs. In some cases, the receiving device may use empty REs to perform noise estimation.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 987,956, entitled “Full-Duplex Index Modulation,” filed by Horn et al. on March 11, 2020, and U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 175,857, entitled “Full-Duplex Index Modulation,” filed by Horn et al. on February 15, 2021, each of which is assigned to the assignee of this application. Technical Field

[0003] The following relates generally to wireless communications, and more particularly to full-duplex index modulation.

[0004] background

[0005] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcasting, etc. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems (such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, advanced LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems), and fifth generation (5G) systems, which may be referred to as new radio (NR) systems. These systems may use various technologies, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform extended orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each base station or network access node simultaneously supporting the communication of multiple communication devices, which may be referred to as user equipment (UE) in addition.

[0006] In some wireless communication systems, a UE may be able to simultaneously transmit uplink traffic to a base station and receive downlink traffic from a base station on the same set of frequency resources (e.g., the same or different base stations, different antennas from the same or different base stations, etc.). This ability to communicate in two directions (e.g., uplink and downlink) at the same time and at the same frequency may be defined as the full-duplex capability of the UE. However, the full-duplex capability may result in self-interference at the UE, which may affect the downlink traffic, the uplink traffic, or both. For example, self-interference may include transmissions (e.g., uplink transmissions) that leak to a receiving antenna based on transmissions and receptions occurring within a common time and frequency resource, resulting in a high noise floor at the receiving end. Efficient techniques for addressing and mitigating this self-interference are desired.

[0007] Overview

[0008] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses for supporting full-duplex index modulation. In general, the described techniques provide for a user equipment (UE) (e.g., or another receiving device) to receive an indexed modulated signal from a base station (e.g., or another transmitting device) based on control signaling from the base station, the control signaling including a resource element (RE) block configuration indicating a number of REs per RE block (N RE ) (e.g., the control signaling may include an indication of a predefined index modulation RE block configuration). For example, the base station may transmit a power boosted index modulation signal at the data RE position within each RE block, and may skip transmitting any signaling within the remaining REs within each RE block (e.g., the remaining REs without signaling may be referred to as empty REs). In some cases, power boosting may depend on the number of REs per RE block, and the base station may select power boosting to keep the total energy transmitted across the RE blocks the same amount (e.g., as if the base station did not skip transmissions within empty REs).

[0009] Thus, the UE may use the indication of the number of REs per RE block to perform energy detection to determine which one or more REs within the RE block include a modulated transmission that is power-boosted and which one or more REs within the RE block are empty REs. Additionally, the UE may use the empty REs to perform noise estimation, and in some cases, the UE may request the number of REs to be included in the RE block (e.g., for future transmissions, initial transmissions, etc.). The UE may request the number of REs per RE block based on a requested or configured modulation and coding scheme (MCS), a requested or configured modulation constellation, a requested or configured frequency allocation, etc.

[0010] A method of wireless communication by a UE is described. The method may include: receiving control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating a number of REs per RE block; receiving a grant indicating a resource allocation; and monitoring at least one empty RE within the resource allocation and indexed modulated transmissions within data or control REs within the resource allocation based on the RE block configuration.

[0011] An apparatus for wireless communication by a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating a number of REs per RE block; receive a grant indicating a resource allocation; and monitor at least one empty RE within the resource allocation and indexed modulated transmissions within data or control REs within the resource allocation based on the RE block configuration.

[0012] Another apparatus for wireless communication by a UE is described. The apparatus may include: means for receiving control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating a number of REs per RE block; means for receiving a grant indicating a resource allocation; and means for monitoring at least one empty RE within the resource allocation and indexed modulated transmissions within data or control REs within the resource allocation based on the RE block configuration.

[0013] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication by a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor for: receiving control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating a number of REs per RE block; receiving a grant indicating a resource allocation; and monitoring at least one empty RE within the resource allocation and indexed modulated transmissions within data or control REs within the resource allocation based on the RE block configuration.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving a grant may further include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for: receiving a grant to schedule the UE to operate in full-duplex mode and to transmit an uplink transmission within the resource allocation; and transmitting an uplink transmission within the resource allocation.

[0015] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a request indicating a requested number of REs per RE block.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving control signaling indicating an RE block configuration may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for the following actions: receiving control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, wherein the RE block configuration indicates a number of REs that may be the same as the requested number of REs for each RE block.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving control signaling indicating an RE block configuration may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for the following actions: receiving control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, wherein the RE block configuration indicates a number of REs that may be different from the requested number of REs for each RE block.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the request may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for transmitting a request indicating a requested number of REs for each RE block based on a requested MCS or a configured MCS.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the request may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for transmitting a request indicating a requested number of REs for each RE block based on a requested modulation constellation or a configured modulation constellation.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the request may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for transmitting a request indicating a requested number of REs for each RE block based on a requested frequency allocation or a frequency allocation corresponding to a resource allocation indicated in the grant.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the request may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for transmitting a request indicating the requested number of REs for each RE block based on wireless channel conditions, delay spread, Doppler spread, or any combination thereof.

[0022] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indexed modulated transmission that may be spread in the frequency domain over a set of subcarriers, each subcarrier in the set of subcarriers corresponding to a respective data position in each RE block in a set of RE blocks within the resource allocation.

[0023] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for receiving an indexed modulated transmission that may be spread in the time domain over a set of symbols within the resource allocation.

[0024] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the monitoring may further include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for the following actions: performing energy detection within the resource allocation to detect the corresponding position of data or control REs in each RE block in the RE block set within the resource allocation; estimating the number of one or more transmitting antennas used by the transmitter to transmit indexed modulated transmissions within the RE block set; identifying the number of transmitted bits for indexed modulated transmissions within the resource allocation based on the estimated number of one or more transmitting antennas; and decoding the indexed modulated transmissions from the RE block set based on the identified number of transmitted bits within the resource allocation and the detected corresponding position of data or control REs in each RE block in the RE block set within the resource allocation.

[0025] A method of wireless communication by a base station is described. The method may include: transmitting control signaling to a UE indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating a number of REs per RE block; transmitting a grant indicating a resource allocation; and transmitting an indexed modulation transmission in data or control REs within the resource allocation based on the RE block configuration and skipping transmitting in at least one empty RE within the resource allocation.

[0026] An apparatus for wireless communication by a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: transmit control signaling indicating an RE block configuration to a UE, the RE block configuration indicating a number of REs per RE block; transmit a grant indicating a resource allocation; and transmit an indexed modulation transmission in data or control REs within the resource allocation based on the RE block configuration and skip transmitting in at least one empty RE within the resource allocation.

[0027] Another apparatus for wireless communication by a base station is described. The apparatus may include: means for transmitting control signaling indicating an RE block configuration to a UE, the RE block configuration indicating a number of REs per RE block; means for transmitting a grant indicating a resource allocation; and means for transmitting an indexed modulation transmission in data or control REs within the resource allocation based on the RE block configuration and skipping transmitting in at least one empty RE within the resource allocation.

[0028] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication by a base station is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor for: transmitting control signaling indicating an RE block configuration to a UE, the RE block configuration indicating a number of REs per RE block; transmitting a grant indicating a resource allocation; and transmitting an indexed modulation transmission in data or control REs within the resource allocation based on the RE block configuration and skipping transmission in at least one empty RE within the resource allocation.

[0029] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the grant may further include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for: transmitting a grant to schedule the UE to operate in full-duplex mode and to transmit an uplink transmission within the resource allocation; and receiving an uplink transmission within the resource allocation.

[0030] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a request indicating a requested number of REs per RE block.

[0031] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting control signaling indicating an RE block configuration may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for the following actions: transmitting control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, wherein the RE block configuration indication may be the same as the requested number of REs for each RE block.

[0032] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting control signaling indicating an RE block configuration may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for the following actions: transmitting control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, wherein the RE block configuration indicates a number of REs that may be different from the requested number of REs for each RE block.

[0033] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the request may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for the following actions: receiving a request indicating a requested number of REs for each RE block based on a requested MCS or a configured MCS.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the request may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for the following actions: receiving a request indicating a requested number of REs for each RE block based on a requested modulation constellation or a configured modulation constellation.

[0035] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the request may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for the following actions: receiving a request indicating a requested number of REs for each RE block based on the requested frequency allocation or a frequency allocation corresponding to the resource allocation indicated in the grant.

[0036] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the request may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for the following actions: receiving a request indicating the requested number of REs for each RE block based on wireless channel conditions, delay spread, Doppler spread, or any combination thereof.

[0037] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting an indexed modulated transmission that may be spread in the frequency domain over a set of subcarriers, each subcarrier in the set of subcarriers corresponding to a respective data position in each RE block in a set of RE blocks within the resource allocation.

[0038] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting an indexed modulated transmission may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for transmitting an indexed modulated transmission that may be spread in the time domain over a set of codewords within the resource allocation.

[0039] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting an indexed modulated transmission may include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for the following actions: identifying the number of bits to be included in the indexed modulated transmission based on the number of transmit antennas to be used to transmit the indexed modulated transmission, the modulation constellation, the number of subcarriers within each RE block, and the resource allocation; indexing the input bits based on the identified number of bits and the modulation constellation to generate a modulated transmission; and power-boosting the modulated transmission at the corresponding position of the data or control RE in each RE block in the RE block set within the resource allocation based on the number of REs in each RE block to generate the indexed modulated transmission, wherein the indexed modulated transmission can be transmitted via at least one transmit antenna corresponding to the number of transmit antennas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1

[0013] An example of a system for wireless communications in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0042] Figure 2

[0013] An example of a wireless communication system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0043] Figure 3 Examples of communication configurations in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated.

[0044] Figure 4 and 5 Examples of transmit chains in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated.

[0045] Figure 6 An example of a receive chain according to various aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0046] Figure 7 An example of a process flow according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0047] Figure 8 and 9 A block diagram of a device supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0048] Fig.10 A block diagram of a user equipment (UE) communications manager is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0049] Fig.11 A diagram of a system including devices according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0050] Fig.12 and 13 A block diagram of a device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0051] Fig.14 A block diagram of a base station communications manager is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0052] Fig.15 A diagram of a system including devices according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0053] Figures 16 to 20 A flow chart illustrating a method according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0054] Detailed Description

[0055] To improve full-duplex operation, user equipment (UE) and base stations may use index modulation for transmissions between the base station and the UE to improve throughput and provide a lower noise floor. A transmitter (such as a base station) may define resource element (RE) blocks for downlink transmission. The transmitter may then transmit a power-boosted indexed modulated signal at the data RE locations within each RE block, and may skip transmission within the remaining one or more REs in each RE block. In some cases, power boosting may depend on the number of REs per RE block, and may be selected to keep the energy transmitted across the RE block the same amount. The transmitter may configure the receiver (such as a UE) to indicate the number of REs per RE block (e.g., NRE ). The UE may use this information to perform energy detection for determining which one or more REs within the RE block include the power-boosted indexed modulation transmission and which one or more REs within the RE block are each empty REs (e.g., the remaining REs where transmission is skipped). In some cases, the UE may use one or more empty REs to perform noise estimation and may request the number of REs to be included in the RE block (e.g., for future transmissions).

[0056] As the demand for wireless data increases, wireless systems can support the efficient use of resources (e.g., time resources, frequency resources, etc.) for communication between wireless devices in the wireless system. For example, one or more wireless devices (e.g., one or more UEs) in a wireless system can support full-duplex communication, which includes concurrently transmitting and receiving signals at the same time slot at one wireless device. Based on the use of full-duplex communication, the wireless device can increase the throughput gain (e.g., by simultaneously conveying two data streams) and can also reduce the delivery latency (e.g., for time-critical services). A wireless device configured for full-duplex communication (e.g., a full-duplex UE) can use the same set of radio resources to communicate concurrently on an uplink communication link and a downlink communication link. However, a wireless device operating in full-duplex mode (e.g., for full-duplex communication) may generate interference and be affected by interference, such interference, such as self-interference from a signal (e.g., an uplink signal) transmitted by the device that affects the signal (e.g., a downlink signal) concurrently received by the device. In some examples, if a transmitted signal is transmitted on time-frequency resources that at least partially overlap with time-frequency resources on which a received signal is received, the transmitted signal may interfere with the received signal, thereby increasing the noise floor of the wireless device and causing inefficient use of allocated resources by the wireless device.

[0057] Accordingly, wireless communication systems (e.g., new radio (NR) systems) may take technical measures to improve the efficiency of allocated resources and mitigate noise. In some cases, the network may allocate the amount of transmit power for transmitting bits (e.g., information bits, signaling, etc.) to the transmitting device based on a low code rate. Thus, changing the code rate and / or using different procedures for transmitting / receiving bits may obtain additional power (for example, such as including reconfiguring additional REs from a rate matching procedure to index modulation of empty REs that do not contain any bits or signaling). In some cases, the transmitting device may use the additional power to boost the transmit power (e.g., increase the transmit power) of REs containing bits (e.g., at low code rates, may suffer from low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)).

[0058] Boosting the transmit power of REs containing bits can alleviate degradation because the boosted transmission is less affected by noise. In some cases, the transmitting device can leave the additional REs empty, and the receiving device can use the empty REs to perform noise estimation. The transmitter can transmit the empty REs using the minimum transmit power (e.g., to allocate most of the allocated transmit power to the REs carrying bits). When boosting the transmit power of REs containing bits (e.g., as part of an indexed modulation procedure), the base station can transmit control signaling to the UE including an RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block (N RE ) (e.g., the control signaling may include an indication of a predefined index modulation RE block configuration), and the UE may identify the location of the RE containing the bit and receive the RE containing the bit based in part on the control signaling and the indication of the number of REs in each RE block.

[0059] Various aspects of the present disclosure are initially described in the context of a wireless communication system. Additionally, various aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated by additional wireless communication systems, communication configurations, transmit chains, receive chains, and process flows. Various aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to device diagrams, system diagrams, and flow charts related to full-duplex index modulation.

[0060] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to various aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a long term evolution (LTE) network, an advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or an NR network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communications, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communications, low latency communications, communications with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0061] The base stations 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communication system 100, and may be different forms of devices or devices with different capabilities. The base stations 105 and the UEs 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 may provide a coverage area 110 over which the UEs 115 and the base stations 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which the base stations 105 and the UEs 115 may support communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0062] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. The UEs 115 may be different forms of devices or devices with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, base stations 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment), such as Figure 1 as shown in .

[0063] Each base station 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or communicate with each other, or both. For example, the base station 105 may interface with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). The base stations 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between the base stations 105), or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130), or directly and indirectly on the backhaul link 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces). In some examples, the backhaul link 120 may be or include one or more wireless links.

[0064] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include or may be referred to by a person of ordinary skill in the art as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a B node, an evolved B node (eNB), a next generation B node or a gigabit B node (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a home B node, a home evolved B node, or other suitable terminology.

[0065] UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable term, where a "device" may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, etc. UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as electrical appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0066] The UE 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, which may sometimes act as relays, as well as base stations 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 as shown in .

[0067] The UE 115 and the base station 105 may communicate wirelessly with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" may refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication link 125. For example, a carrier for the communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling for coordinating carrier operations, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communication with the UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. The UE 115 may be configured to have multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0068] In some examples (e.g., in a carrier aggregation configuration), a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates the operation of other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be located according to a channel grid for discovery by UE 115. A carrier may operate in a standalone mode in which initial acquisition and connection may be made by UE 115 via the carrier, or a carrier may operate in a non-standalone mode in which a connection is anchored using a different carrier (e.g., a different carrier of the same or different radio access technology).

[0069] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include an uplink transmission from the UE 115 to the base station 105, or a downlink transmission from the base station 105 to the UE 115. A carrier may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode).

[0070] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of a radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as a "system bandwidth" of the carrier or wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of several determined bandwidths (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz)) of a carrier of a particular radio access technology. Devices (e.g., base stations 105, UEs 115, or both) of the wireless communication system 100 may have a hardware configuration that supports communications on a particular carrier bandwidth, or may be configurable to support communications on one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a base station 105 or UE 115 that supports simultaneous communications via carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate on a portion (e.g., subband, BWP) or all of a carrier bandwidth.

[0071] The signal waveform transmitted on the carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system using MCM technology, an RE may include a code element period (e.g., the duration of a modulation code element) and a subcarrier, where the code element period and the subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each RE may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the code rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Thus, the more REs received by the UE 115 and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate of the UE 115 can be. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers may further improve the data rate or data integrity of communications with the UE 115.

[0072] One or more parameter designs for a carrier may be supported, where the parameter designs may include subcarrier spacing (Δf) and cyclic prefixes. A carrier may be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different parameter designs. In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier may be active at a given time, and communications for a UE 115 may be limited to the one or more active BWPs.

[0073] The time interval of the base station 105 or the UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, and the basic time unit can be, for example, a sampling period T s =1 / (Δf max ·N f ) seconds, where Δf max It can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and N fThe maximum supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size may be indicated. Time intervals of communication resources may be organized according to radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0074] Each frame may include a plurality of consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided into subframes (e.g., in the time domain), and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of code element periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each code element period). In some wireless communication systems 100, the time slot may be further divided into a plurality of mini-time slots containing one or more code elements. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each code element period may include one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of the code element period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0075] A subframe, slot, mini-slot, or symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communication system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0076] Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. Physical control channels and physical data channels may be multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of a time division multiplexing (TDM) technique, a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technique, or a hybrid TDM-FDM technique. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for a physical control channel may be defined by a number of symbol periods and may extend across a system bandwidth or a subset of a system bandwidth of a carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search a control region for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space sets may include a common search space set configured for transmitting control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set for transmitting control information to a specific UE 115 .

[0077] Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hot spots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used to communicate with a base station 105 (e.g., on a carrier), and may be associated with an identifier (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID), or other) used to distinguish adjacent cells. In some examples, a cell may also refer to a geographic coverage area 110 or a portion of a geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) on which a logical communication entity operates. The range of such a cell may range from a smaller area (e.g., a structure, a subset of a structure) to a larger area depending on various factors (such as the capabilities of the base station 105). For example, a cell may be or include a building, a subset of a building, or additional space between or overlapping geographic coverage areas 110, as well as other examples.

[0078] In some examples, base stations 105 may be mobile and thus provide communication coverage for mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of base stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0079] Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ a reduced power consumption mode of operation, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports unidirectional communication via transmission or reception but not simultaneous transmission and reception). In some examples, half-duplex communication may be performed with a reduced peak rate. Other power saving techniques for UE 115 include entering a power saving deep sleep mode when not engaged in active communications, operating on a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communications), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 may be configured to operate using a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., a subcarrier or resource block (RB) set) within a carrier, within a guard band of a carrier, or outside a carrier.

[0080] The wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low latency communication or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low latency or critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication may include private communication or group communication, and may be supported by one or more mission-critical services (such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData). Support for mission-critical functions may include prioritization of services, and mission-critical services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low latency, critical mission, and ultra-reliable low latency may be used interchangeably herein.

[0081] In some examples, UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UE 115 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UEs 115 utilizing D2D communication may be within a geographic coverage area 110 of a base station 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of the base station 105, or may not be able to receive transmissions from the base station 105 for other reasons. In some examples, each group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, wherein each UE 115 transmits to each other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, the base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between each UE 115 without involving the base station 105.

[0082] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and the EPC or 5GC may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to additional networks. The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by a base station 105 associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be delivered via a user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to a network operator IP service 150. Operator IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0083] Some network devices (such as base stations 105) may include subcomponents, such as access network entities 140, which may be examples of access node controllers (ANCs). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with each UE 115 through one or more other access network transport entities 145, which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission / reception points (TRPs). Each access network transport entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs) or merged into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0084] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, typically in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). In general, the 300 MHz to 3 GHz region is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from about 1 decimeter to 1 meter long. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but these waves may penetrate various structures sufficiently for macro cells to provide service to UEs 115 located indoors. Transmissions using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) than transmissions using smaller frequencies and longer waves in the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0085] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate in a super high frequency (SHF) zone using a frequency band from 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also known as a centimeter band) or in an extremely high frequency (EHF) zone of a spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also known as a millimeter band). In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between UE 115 and base station 105, and the EHF antenna of the corresponding device may be smaller and more closely spaced than the UHF antenna. In some examples, this may facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may be subject to even greater atmospheric attenuation and a shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. The technology disclosed herein may be adopted across transmissions using one or more different frequency zones, and the use of frequency bands specified across these frequency zones may vary by country or regulatory agency.

[0086] The wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may employ licensed assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed band (such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band). When operating in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, devices (such as base stations 105 and UEs 115) may employ carrier sensing for conflict detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations in an unlicensed band may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) in coordination with component carriers operating in a licensed band. Operations in an unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among others.

[0087] The base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ technologies such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of the base station 105 or UE 115 may be located in one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels that can support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with the base station 105 may be located at different geographical locations. The base station 105 may have an antenna array having antenna ports of several rows and columns that the base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communications with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0088] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a base station 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array so that some signals propagating at a particular orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals communicated via antenna elements may include the transmitting device or the receiving device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to signals carried via antenna elements associated with the device. Adjustments associated with each antenna element may be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting device or the receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0089] The wireless communication system 100 may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, the communication of the bearer or packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer may be IP-based. The radio link control (RLC) layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate on a logical channel. The media access control (MAC) layer may perform priority handling and multiplex logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer may also use error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmission of the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the radio resource control (RRC) protocol layer may provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection that supports radio bearers of user plane data between UE 115 and base station 105 or core network 130. In the physical layer, transport channels may be mapped to physical channels.

[0090] UE 115 and base station 105 may support retransmission of data to increase the likelihood that the data is successfully received. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is a technique for increasing the likelihood that data is correctly received on communication link 125. HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ)). HARQ may improve the throughput of the MAC layer in poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise ratio conditions). In some examples, a device may support simultaneous slot HARQ feedback, wherein the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific time slot for data received in a previous symbol in the time slot. In other cases, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent time slot or according to some other time interval.

[0091] In some wireless communication systems (e.g., next generation wireless networks, 5G networks, NR, etc.), it is expected to support ultra-high data rates and a wide range of application scenarios. Accordingly, wireless full-duplex (FD) communication is an emerging technology and may be able to double the link capacity that can accommodate ultra-high data rates and a wide range of application scenarios. The main idea behind wireless full-duplex may include enabling wireless network nodes to transmit and receive simultaneously on the same frequency band and at the same time slot. This simultaneous communication using the same frequency band at the same time may be contrary to conventional operations (e.g., half-duplex operations, non-full-duplex operations, etc.) in which transmission and reception are either different in time, or different in frequency, or different in time and frequency. A full-duplex network node (such as a base station 105 in a cellular network) can use the same radio resource (e.g., the same time-frequency resource) to communicate simultaneously with two half-duplex terminals (e.g., half-duplex UE 115) in the uplink and downlink. Another typical wireless full-duplex application scenario may include: a relay node can communicate with an anchor node and a mobile terminal simultaneously in a one-hop scenario, or communicate with two other relay nodes simultaneously in a multi-hop scenario. It is expected that full-duplex may increase system throughput in different applications in wireless communication networks by doubling the capacity of each single link and may also reduce delivery latency for time-sensitive services.

[0092] In addition to the above-mentioned scenarios, emerging scenarios may include a UE 115 (e.g., a UE 115 with full-duplex capabilities) being able to use the same time-frequency radio resources to transmit and receive simultaneously (e.g., operating in a self-full-duplex mode). However, unlike the above-mentioned scenarios in which the network throughput can be increased but the throughput of a single UE cannot be increased, the downlink and uplink throughput of a single UE aggregation can also be increased by a UE 115 with full-duplex capabilities. Additionally, a full-duplex UE 115 (e.g., a UE 115 with full-duplex capabilities) can increase the downlink and uplink throughput of a single UE aggregation for situations in which both downlink traffic and uplink traffic are high for a single user. In some cases, implementing full-duplex transmission may include the ability to eliminate the strong self-interference of the downlink to the uplink at the full-duplex UE 115. For example, current full-duplex radio designs can suppress up to 110 dB of such self-interference (e.g., by combining beamforming, analog cancellation, digital cancellation, antenna cancellation, etc.).

[0093] In some cases, full-duplex capabilities may result in different interferences based on simultaneous communications occurring in different directions. For example, a full-duplex base station 105 may communicate with two non-full-duplex UEs 115 using the same set of radio resources (e.g., time-frequency resources), wherein a first non-full-duplex UE 115 transmitting a signal in an uplink may generate inter-UE interference for a second non-full-duplex UE 115 receiving a signal in a downlink from the full-duplex base station 105. Additionally or alternatively, for a full-duplex UE 115, a transmitted signal using an uplink antenna (e.g., for transmitting a signal to a base station 105) may result in self-interference of a received signal at a downlink antenna (e.g., for receiving a signal from the same or different base station 105). For example, self-interference may include transmitting-side leakage from an uplink antenna to a downlink antenna occurring within a common time / frequency resource based on transmission and reception by a full-duplex UE 115, which may result in a high noise floor at the full-duplex UE 115. In some examples, if a transmitted signal is transmitted on time-frequency resources that at least partially overlap with time-frequency resources on which a received signal is received, the transmitted signal may interfere with the received signal, thereby increasing the noise floor of the wireless device and causing inefficient utilization of allocated resources by the wireless device.

[0094] Mitigating self-interference may depend on different factors, such as the transmission power of the full-duplex UE 115, the uplink transmission bandwidth, etc. Accordingly, the scheduling base station 105 may signal the full-duplex UE 115 to adjust the transmission power or use a specific uplink transmission bandwidth to mitigate self-interference. For example, the full-duplex UE 115 may transmit a channel state information (CSI) report to the base station 105 (e.g., based on measuring the CSI reference signal (CSI-RS) received from the base station 105) so that the base station 105 can determine the mitigation technology for the self-interference at the full-duplex UE 115. Additionally or alternatively, the base station 105 may use TDD and FDD communications to avoid this noise floor. However, the cost of using TDD / FDD communication may include the use of additional spectrum (e.g., higher resource cost) or may reduce throughput. For example, when using full-duplex communication, the throughput gain from full-duplex communication may be twice as high (e.g., doubled) as the throughput gain using TDD communication (e.g., depending on the TDD configuration used).

[0095] In some cases, a wireless communication system (e.g., an NR system) may implement techniques for increasing the efficiency of allocated resources and mitigating noise (e.g., an increased noise floor) of a transmitted signal on a received signal. In some examples, a wireless device may perform rate matching on a transmitted signal. Rate matching may be an example of a channel coding technique that includes repeating or puncturing channel bits according to a configured rate. The rate may indicate the number of repetitions used to transmit a signal, where a lower rate may correspond to a higher number of repetitions performed. For example, a rate of 1 / 4 may result in four (4) repetitions of a bit, while a rate of 1 / 3 may result in three (3) repetitions of a bit. However, in some cases, a transmitting device may generate additional resource elements after rate matching. For example, a transmitting device may perform rate matching according to a rate of 1 / 3, resulting in multiple additional resource elements (e.g., five (5) additional resource elements), rather than a rate matching procedure that is allocated for another rate less than 1 / 3.

[0096] Accordingly, the UE 115 and the base station 105 may utilize index modulation (e.g., IM) to mitigate self-interference from full-duplex communication and reconfigure additional REs from the rate matching procedure to REs that do not contain any signaling (e.g., empty resource elements). Index modulation may include techniques based on encoding the transmitted antenna (e.g., the antenna used to transmit data) and one or more REs used to transmit data (e.g., downlink data, uplink data, sidelink data, etc.). In some cases, a transmitting device (e.g., UE 115, base station 105, etc.) may use index modulation to transmit information to a receiving device (e.g., UE 115, base station 105, etc.). Performing index modulation may include the transmitting device selecting (e.g., in a RE block) a set of REs (e.g., active REs) on which a first portion of data or information is to be transmitted and not transmitting information on inactive REs (e.g., inactive REs may be considered as empty REs), wherein the configuration or pattern of the active REs indicates the second portion of the data or information.

[0097] Additionally, indexed modulation (e.g., by reconfiguring REs to not contain any signaling) can allow a transmitting device to boost (e.g., increase) the transmit power of resource elements containing signaling (e.g., and the resulting receive power at a receiving device) to improve noise estimation at the receiving device. The amount by which the transmit power of each RE containing signaling is boosted (e.g., the boost factor for each RE containing a bit) can be determined by the number of REs used for the indexed modulation procedure. In some cases, the receiving device can estimate the noise covariance (e.g., such as the noise covariance matrix R) during the empty REs. nn), which can simplify and improve noise covariance estimation. Therefore, the receiving device can use an energy detector to find the transmitted REs (e.g., active REs containing bits) and a maximum likelihood (ML) detector to find the transmitted antenna.

[0098] In some cases, the transmitting device may configure the number of REs used to transmit / carry signaling bits in the frequency domain and in the time domain (eg, between symbols). The number of bits to be transmitted may be given by Equation 1 below.

[0099]

[0100] N Tx N may represent the number of transmit antennas at a transmitting device (eg, base station 105, UE 115, etc.), SC N may represent the number of subcarriers (e.g., OFDM time slots, symbols, etc.) used to transmit signaling in a TTI. RE M may represent the number of REs used for index modulation (eg, active REs carrying information, signaling, bits, etc. and empty REs), constellation may represent the size of the constellation considered for encoding / transmitting signaling. Additionally, the transmitting device may be allocated a total transmission power for transmitting signaling, and when using index modulation to keep the total energy transmitted across each RE the same, the transmitting device may apply a power factor to the REs used for transmitting signaling. Power boost (eg and skip empty REs).

[0101] The wireless communication system 100 may support efficient techniques for combining index modulation with full-duplex communication, thereby achieving increased throughput (e.g., compared to TDD communication) and having a lower noise floor due to power boosting applied to maintain the same total transmit energy. For example, the base station 105 (e.g., or another transmitting device) may determine the number of REs to be used for the index modulation procedure for transmitting downlink information to a full-duplex UE 115 (e.g., or another receiving device with full-duplex communication capabilities) according to the index modulation procedure. Accordingly, the base station 105 may then transmit an indication of the determined number of REs to the UE 115 (e.g., in control signaling), and the UE 115 may determine which one or more REs carry the downlink information based in part on the indication of the determined number of REs. Based on the techniques described herein (e.g., full-duplex index modulation), UE 115 may have a higher probability of detecting REs carrying downlink information in low coverage scenarios (e.g., low SNR) (e.g., improved detection), and base station 105 may create noise covariance (R nn ) estimated subcarriers (e.g., one or more empty REs).

[0102] Figure 2An example of a wireless communication system 200 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communication system 100. The wireless communication system 200 may include a base station 105-a and a UE 115-a, which may be respectively as described with reference to Figure 1 The examples of corresponding base stations 105 and UEs 115 are described. Although base stations 105-a and UEs 115-a are Figure 2 , but it will be understood that the base station 105-a may be considered to be any transmitting device in the index modulation procedure, and the UE 115-a may be considered to be any receiving device in the index modulation procedure. In some cases, the base station 105-a and the UE 115-a may communicate (e.g., via the index modulation procedure) on resources of the carrier 205 and the carrier 210 (e.g., in some cases, the carrier 205 and the carrier 210 may be the same carrier).

[0103] Additionally, UE 115-a may be described as described above with reference to Figure 1 A full-duplex capable UE 115 or full-duplex UE 115 is described, wherein UE 115-a is capable of simultaneously receiving downlink traffic and transmitting uplink traffic with base station 105-a at the same given time (e.g., at the same given time slot, TTI, etc.) on the same frequency resources of carrier 205 and carrier 210. Based on the use of full-duplex communication, the wireless device can double the throughput gain (e.g., by communicating two data streams simultaneously) and can also reduce delivery latency (e.g., for time-critical services). A wireless device (e.g., UE 115-a) configured for full-duplex communication can communicate concurrently on a downlink communication link (e.g., carrier 205) and an uplink communication link (e.g., carrier 210) using the same set of radio resources (e.g., time and / or frequency resources).

[0104] However, a wireless device operating in full-duplex mode (e.g., for full-duplex communication) may generate interference and be affected by interference, such as interference from a signal transmitted by the device (e.g., an uplink signal) that affects a signal concurrently received by the device (e.g., a downlink signal). For example, UE 115-a may receive downlink transmission 215 on carrier 205 while uplink transmission 220 is being transmitted on carrier 210, thereby causing interference 225 (e.g., self-interference of uplink transmission 220 that affects UE 115-a's correct reception of downlink transmission 215).

[0105] In some cases, the base station 105-a and the UE 115-a may utilize an indexed modulation procedure to mitigate interference 225. As part of the indexed modulation procedure, the base station 105-a may transmit a downlink transmission 215 to the UE 115-a, where the downlink transmission 215 spans a set of active REs in an RE block (e.g., of the carrier 205). Additionally, each active RE may span a set of frequencies (e.g., subcarriers) and a time duration within the RE block. For example, the base station 105-a may transmit an indexed modulated transmission via active REs that are spread across multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain, where each subcarrier in the multiple subcarriers corresponds to a corresponding data position in each RE block. Additionally or alternatively, the base station 105-a may transmit an indexed modulated transmission that is spread across multiple symbols (e.g., or different TTI durations) in the time domain.

[0106] Thus, the downlink transmission 215 may convey information (e.g., data, signaling, etc.) to the UE 115-a via the active REs using an index modulation procedure (e.g., OFDM index modulation (OFDM-IM)). When the index modulation procedure is used, the first portion of the information (e.g., one or more data bits) may be explicitly signaled on the active REs selected by the base station 105-a for the index modulation procedure. For example, each signal transmitted on the corresponding active RE may convey X bits of information, where there are K active REs. Thus, the total number of information bits in the first portion of the information may be K*X information bits.

[0107] Additionally, when using an index modulation procedure, the configuration or pattern of the REs may convey a second portion of the information (e.g., one or more data bits). In general, the index modulation procedure may improve spectral efficiency by conveying information via REs or subcarriers selected as active. Additionally, REs that are inactive REs (e.g., subcarriers that are not activated) may be considered to be empty REs (e.g., or frequency-reserved REs) within an RE block. Empty REs may not include signaling from the base station 105-a and may not carry (e.g., in a conventional scheme) information to the UE 115-a.

[0108] In determining the number of REs (eg, N) used to index the modulation procedure RE) (e.g., including both active REs and empty REs), the base station 105-a may use different factors. For example, the data location (e.g., which one or more REs are to be used for active REs, the number of active REs, etc.) can be any desired integer as long as the code rate is less than one (1). The base station 105-a may extend the index modulation procedure to several subcarriers in the frequency domain and / or extend the index modulation procedure in several TTIs in the time domain (e.g., OFDM symbols, time slots, etc.). Additionally, the base station 105-a may configure the data location (e.g., active REs) per MCS (e.g., each MCS has a corresponding NRE), per constellation (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quaternary phase shift keying (QPSK), 64 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), 256QAM, 1024QAM, etc.), or per frequency allocation, or per channel condition (e.g., delay spread, Doppler spread, time offset, etc.), or a combination thereof.

[0109] As described herein, after determining active REs (e.g., and subsequently empty REs), the base station 105-a may transmit an RE block configuration 230 to the UE 115-a, the RE block configuration 230 indicating a total number of REs (e.g., N) for each RE block used for the index modulation procedure and for transmitting a downlink transmission 215 according to the index modulation procedure. RE ). In some cases, the RE block configuration 230 may be a predefined index modulation RE block configuration predefined within the UE 115-a, and the UE 115-a identifies the predefined index modulation RE block configuration to be used based on the RE block configuration 230. For example, the base station 105-a and the UE 115-a may include a lookup table of different predefined index modulation RE block configurations, wherein the base station 105-a indicates via the RE block configuration 230 one of these predefined index modulation RE block configurations to be used for the index modulation procedure. Subsequently, the base station 105-a may then transmit an RE allocation grant 235 to the UE 115-a, the RE allocation grant 235 indicating REs (e.g., RE blocks) for the UE 115-a to monitor and receive downlink messages (e.g., downlink transmission 215) and / or REs (e.g., RE blocks) for the UE 115-a to transmit uplink messages (e.g., uplink transmission 220).

[0110] Accordingly, the UE 115-a may then monitor and receive downlink transmissions 215 and / or transmit uplink transmissions 220 simultaneously (e.g., with reduced interference level interference 225) based on the index modulation scheme and the received RE block configuration 230. In some examples, the UE 115-a may perform RE monitoring 240 based on the RE block configuration 230 and the RE allocation grant 235. For example, the UE 115-a may use the number of REs indicated in the RE block configuration 230 as part of performing RE monitoring 240 by performing energy detection to identify which one or more REs in the RE block(s) of the RE allocation are active REs. For example, the UE 115-a may identify the active REs based in part on the indicated number of REs and receive the downlink transmission 215 via the active REs (e.g., corresponding data locations in each RE block) that may be spread across multiple subcarriers within the RE allocation (e.g., from the RE allocation grant 235) in the frequency domain and / or may be spread across multiple symbols (e.g., or other TTI durations) within the RE allocation.

[0111] Additionally, as part of RE monitoring 240, UE 115-a may estimate (e.g., using an ML detector) the number of transmit antennas used by base station 105-a to transmit active REs in RE block(s) based on the indicated number of REs from RE block configuration 230. Subsequently, UE 115-a may identify the number of transmitted bits based on the number of REs, the identified active REs, the number of transmit antennas, or a combination thereof, and may decode indexed modulated transmissions (e.g., downlink transmissions 215) from base station 105-a based on the active REs and the identified number of transmit antennas. Thus, power boosting for indexed modulated transmissions (e.g., as determined and used by base station 105-a) may enable UE 115-a to fully and correctly receive downlink transmissions 215 based on the low noise floor caused by uplink transmissions 220 (e.g., as a result of the power boosting used) while also being able to concurrently transmit uplink transmissions 220.

[0112] In addition to receiving information from the base station 105-a via indexed modulation transmissions on active REs, the UE 115-a may also use one or more empty REs transmitted as part of the index modulation procedure to measure channel conditions for communicating with the base station 105-a. For example, the UE 115-a may use one or more empty REs to perform noise covariance (R nn ) estimate. UE 115-a may then transmit feedback 245 to base station 105-a based on the measured channel conditions. Based on feedback 245, base station 105-a may adjust one or more transmission parameters for subsequent communications with UE 115-a.

[0113] In some cases, the configured RE set for indexing a modulation procedure may span multiple RE blocks. RE =2, the two REs may span the first RE block and the second RE block, where the first RE is the last RE of the first RE block and the second RE is the first RE of the second RE block. Accordingly, the base station 105-a may transmit an indexed modulated transmission on the last RE of the first RE block or on the first RE of the second RE block. Subsequently, the REs not used for indexed modulated transmissions may be empty REs for the indexed modulation procedure. For example, if the first RE of the second RE block is used for indexed modulated transmission, the empty RE may be the last RE of the first RE block, or if the last RE of the first RE block is used for indexed modulated transmission, the empty RE may be the first RE of the second RE block. Based on this configuration, the base station 105-a may transmit an indexed modulated transmission in an active RE within one of the RE blocks, and may skip transmitting in an empty RE within another RE block (for example, transmitting an indexed modulated transmission in an active RE and skipping transmission in an empty RE cannot occur within the same RE block).

[0114] Additionally or alternatively, the UE 115-a may transmit (e.g., in feedback 245) an indication of a requested number of REs (e.g., a preferred number of active REs) for the base station 105-a to use to transmit an indexed modulated message based on the RE monitoring 240. For example, the UE 115-a may determine the number of REs for use by the base station 105-a based on a requested or configured MCS, a requested or configured frequency allocation, a requested or configured modulation constellation, or a combination thereof. Accordingly, the base station 105-a may transmit a downlink transmission 215 (e.g., or an additional or subsequent downlink message) based on the requested number of REs from the UE 115-a. In some cases, the base station 105-a may use the requested number of REs for indexed modulated downlink communications with the UE 115-a, or may use a different number of REs requested by the UE 115-a for indexed modulated downlink communications with the UE 115-a.

[0115] In some cases, using these techniques as described above, UE 115-a (e.g., a receiving device) can use full-duplex communication with a multiplexing scheme (e.g., OFDMA, SC-FDMA, etc.) for uplink communications and an index modulation procedure for downlink communications. Additionally, boosting for the index modulation procedure can result in a low noise floor caused by uplink transmissions.

[0116] Figure 3An example of a communication configuration 300 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the communication configuration 300 can implement aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and / or 200. The base station 105 and the UE 115 can use the communication configuration 300 for communications between each other.

[0117] The communication configuration 300 may include one or more possible TDD configurations 305 for the base station 105 and the UE 115 to use for their communications. For example, each TDD configuration 305 may include one or more TTIs 310 (e.g., subframes, time slots, mini-slots, etc.) configured to be used for at least a portion of a downlink transmission 315, a special subframe 320 (e.g., a guard period or additional time, such as required to transition between uplink and downlink communications), or an uplink transmission 325. Additionally, because the TDD configuration 305 includes transmissions that are separated based on a TTI 330, the downlink transmission 315 and the uplink transmission 325 cannot coexist in the same TDD configuration 305 in a given TTI 310.

[0118] Accordingly, if the base station 105 and the UE 115 communicate according to one of the TDD configurations 305, the throughput that can be achieved for the TDD communication can be less than the throughput that can be achieved for the full-duplex communication. For example, in full-duplex communication, the uplink transmission 325 can be transmitted in the TTI 310 that was originally configured to be used only for the downlink transmission 315, and the downlink transmission 215 can be transmitted in the TTI 310 that was originally configured to be used only for the uplink transmission 325. That is, the UE 115 can receive the downlink transmission 315 and can transmit the uplink transmission 325 in the same TTI 310, regardless of which transmission direction the TTI 310 was originally configured for based on the TDD configuration 305. Thus, full-duplex communication can increase the throughput of the communication between the base station 105 and the UE 115 (e.g., when compared with TDD communication) based on conveying more information (e.g., both the downlink transmission 315 and the uplink transmission 325) within the same TTI 310.

[0119] Figure 4An example of a transmit chain 400 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the transmit chain 400 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100, the wireless communication system 200, or both, or may be implemented by these aspects. The base station 105 may use the transmit chain 400 to arrange or configure downlink transmissions to the UE 115 according to the index modulation procedure as described herein, wherein the UE 115 is a full-duplex UE 115. Additionally or alternatively, any transmitting device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115, etc.) may use the transmit chain 400 to configure transmissions to a receiving device (e.g., UE 115, base station 105, etc.) according to the index modulation procedure.

[0120] Transmit chain 400 may illustrate an example rate matching and resource mapping procedure. Base station 105, UE 115, or both may perform a rate matching procedure, a resource mapping procedure, or a combination thereof. For example, the described procedure may be performed by reference to Figures 1 to 3 The base station 105, UE 115, transmitting device and / or receiving device described in the present invention are performed. The following alternative examples can be implemented, in which some steps are performed in a different order than described or not performed at all. In some cases, each step may include additional features not mentioned below, or further steps may be added.

[0121] Before transmitting bits (e.g., bits containing control information, data, or a combination thereof), the transmitting device (e.g., base station 105) may perform a rate matching procedure and a resource mapping procedure via a circular buffer. The procedure may start with an input bit c 0 ,c 1 ,…,c N-1 405, and the input bits may be input to a channel decoding module 410. Channel decoding may include using low density parity check (LDPC) codes, turbo decoding, convolutional codes, etc. In some cases, decoding may be based on network capabilities (e.g., LTE, 5G NR).

[0122] From the output of the channel decoding module 410 at 415, the transmitting device may obtain the original bits multiplied by the repetition factor indicated by the code rate, such as the bit d 0 ,d 1 ,…,d 3N-1. In some cases, the code rate may be a specified code rate and may be less than 1 / 3, such as 1 / 4. The lower the rate, the more repetitions per bit the transmitting device may obtain. Due to the larger number of repetitions, the transmitting device may be allocated more REs and a higher transmission power for each RE to transmit a higher number of repetitions. In some cases, a higher number of repetitions associated with a code rate lower than 1 / 3 may not provide any additional decoding gain, and the resource allocation may be larger. In some cases, resources associated with a low code rate may be applied differently to obtain additional advantages.

[0123] In order to more efficiently utilize resources, in some examples, the transmitting device may perform a rate matching procedure that utilizes a code rate (e.g., E r The threshold may represent a code rate. For example, the threshold may be a code rate of 1 / 3, and the transmitting device may not use a code rate lower than 1 / 3 (e.g., a code rate of 1 / 4). For example, the transmitting device may be allocated resources to perform rate matching according to a code rate lower than 1 / 3, and the transmitting device may instead perform rate matching according to a threshold code rate or a code rate higher than the threshold. Additional REs may be obtained from the code rate change. In some cases, the transmitting device may leave the additional REs empty. Thus, bits may not be transmitted during the same number of REs because there are additional REs. In some resource mapping modes, empty REs may be adjacent to REs containing bits.

[0124] In some cases, the receiving device may use the empty REs to perform noise estimation for thermal noise and channel interference (such as noise covariance estimation (e.g., R nn )). Since empty REs may be adjacent to REs containing bits, noise covariance estimation using empty bits may provide accurate and simple noise covariance estimation for REs containing bits. In some cases, because the receiving device may perform noise covariance on each empty RE, the receiving device may obtain a larger number of samples of the noise on the channel to obtain a more accurate estimate. A more accurate estimate of the noise on the channel may be useful in some systems that use a larger number of receive antennas (e.g., 4 receive antennas) that may require a larger number of samples to determine an accurate noise estimate.

[0125] In some cases, noise estimation can be performed by measuring the demodulation reference signal (DMRS). Additionally, the noise covariance estimation performed using the empty RE can be combined with the channel estimation of the DMRS to determine a more accurate channel condition. In some cases, the noise covariance estimation can be used alone to efficiently determine the channel condition with low complexity. In some cases, the transmitting device or the receiving device can use the accurate noise estimation to whiten the interference party that can cause noise to mitigate the impact of interference (such as decoding errors).

[0126] In some cases, the amount of power may have been allocated to the transmitting device for transmitting bits according to a low code rate. Thus, changing the code rate and leaving the REs empty can obtain additional power. In some cases, the transmitting device can use the additional power to boost the REs containing bits (e.g., physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) REs) because low SNRs may be suffered at low code rates. During equalization at certain SNRs (e.g., very low SNRs), degradation may be suffered due to multiplication of the noise term of the channel estimation output with the noise term of the PDSCH RE. In some cases, boosting the PDSCH REs can alleviate this degradation because the boosted transmission can suffer less noise effects.

[0127] For example, the transmitting device may convert the encoded bits (eg, d 0 ,d 1 ,…,d 3N-1 ) are input to one or more rate matching modules 420. The rate matching module 420 may perform one or more transformations on the bits. For example, at 425, the bits may be transformed into Where E r is the bit rate, N Tx represents the number of transmit antennas at a transmitting device (eg, base station 105, UE 115, etc.), N RE represents the number of REs (eg, active REs and empty REs) used for index modulation, and QAM represents the size of the constellation considered for encoding / transmitting signaling.

[0128] At 430, these bits may be further transformed into f based on additional steps not shown. 0 ,f 1 ,…,f G-1 These f 0 ,f 1 ,…,f G-1 Then, the index modulation mapper 435 may be entered. The index modulation mapper 435 may then take these input bits (eg, f 0 ,f 1 ,…,f G-1 ) and can sequentially separate these input bits into QAM bits and index modulation bits. The index modulation mapper 435 can then split the index modulation bits into antenna index selection and RE selection. The data position and antenna index selection can be gray indices modulated in each RE block. Additionally, the index modulation mapper can use multi-level decoding. Due to index modulation, each N RE subcarriers can increase log 2 N RE +log 2 N Tx bits, where N TxThese added bits can be directly converted into a lower code rate based on Equation 2 below.

[0129]

[0130] r new Can represent a new lower bit rate, r old M may represent the initially configured code rate (e.g., the old code rate), and M may represent the size of the constellation considered for encoding / transmitting signaling. Additionally, the index modulation mapper 435 may consider the boosted signal equivalent to the data not being transmitted (e.g., for code rates below 1 / 3, it may be the same due to the same code repetition as signal boosting).

[0131] At 440, these bits may be further transformed into The transmitting device can transmit s bits and N SC Represents the number of subcarriers in a TTI (e.g., OFDM time slot, symbol, etc.) used to transmit signaling. As part of the rate matching transformation, a boost factor (e.g., R) may be applied to these bits to boost the transmission power of repeated bits. The boost factor may be any number greater than 0. In some cases, the boost factor may be an integer or a fraction. The boost factor may determine the number of empty REs and the transmission power boost applied to REs containing bits. In some cases, the larger the boost factor, the more REs that can remain empty and the greater the boost that can be used for REs containing bits.

[0132] To determine the mapping of REs in an OFDM symbol, the transmitting device may map the boosted s bits (eg, ) is input to the RE mapper 445. The RE mapper 445 may be configured to map the RE number (N) of the modulation scheme to be used for indexing (eg, boosting factor) based on the RE number (N) of the modulation scheme to be indexed. RE ) determines the placement of one or more REs 560 containing bits and one or more REs 560 that are empty REs. A set of REs 460 is depicted, wherein frequency is shown in the vertical direction, and each RE 460 may correspond to a different subcarrier within a TTI (e.g., OFDM symbol period, time slot, etc.) shown in the horizontal direction. For example, Figure 4 As depicted in RE =2 may indicate that two (2) REs 460 may be associated with each RE block containing bits. Accordingly, REs 460-a and 460-b may be based on N RE =2 so that one of the REs 460 carries bits and the other RE 460 is a null RE.

[0133] RE mapper 445 may create a The boosted signal can be transmitted and the subcarriers can be kept silent to maintain the total energy allocated for the transmitted signal. For different boosting factors, the code rate can be kept the same by increasing the code rate in the encoder of the transmitting device with the same boosting factor. Accordingly, the RE mapper 445 can be based on b i To map i The first index modulation configuration (eg, b 0 ) may indicate one or more bits (s ) carried in a RE block including RE 460 - a and RE 460 - b (eg, a RE block including RE 460 - a and RE 460 - b). 00 ).

[0134] Accordingly, an option of the first index modulation configuration (eg, b 0 = 0) may include carrying multiplication by The boost factor (for example, based on N RE =2, so that the boost factor is to determine) bits (s 00 ) of RE 460-a (eg, the first indexed RE 460 of the first RE block) and RE 460-b (eg, the second indexed RE 420 of the first RE block) that is a null RE (eg, containing '0'). Additionally or alternatively, another option of the first index modulation configuration (eg, b 0 = 1) may include carrying multiplication by The boost factor bits (s 00 ) of RE 460-b (e.g., the second indexed RE 460 of the first RE block) and RE 460-a (e.g., the first indexed RE 460 of the first RE block) that is an empty RE (e.g., containing '0'). Subsequent RE blocks may carry corresponding bits until bits are allocated to the corresponding RE 460 in each RE block (eg, for b 1 , the second RE block may include a first indexed RE 460-c and a second indexed RE 460-d for transmitting one or more bits s 10 Additionally, empty REs (eg, silent subcarriers) may enable the receiving device to determine a large number of samples for R nn The following Table 1 shows the estimated i Will s i The possible index modulation configurations in which the boosted bits are mapped to different REs 460. Note that the following table is an example and the table can be continued in a similar pattern for any number of REs indicated by the resource allocation in the grant.

[0135] Table 1 - In N RE =2, the bits are mapped to RE

[0136]

[0137] In some cases, the configured RE set 460 for indexing the modulation scheme may span multiple RE blocks. RE =2, two REs 460 may span the first RE block and the second RE block, wherein the first RE 460 is the last RE of the first RE block and the second RE 460 is the first RE of the second RE block. i value, the transmitting device may transmit the indexed modulation transmission on the last RE 460 of the first RE block or on the first RE 460 of the second RE block. Subsequently, the RE 460 not used for the indexed modulation transmission may be an empty RE for the index modulation procedure. For example, if the first RE 460 of the second RE block is used for the indexed modulation transmission, the empty RE may be the last RE 460 of the first RE block, or if the last RE 460 of the first RE block is used for the indexed modulation transmission, the empty RE may be the first RE 460 of the second RE block. Based on this configuration, the transmitting device may transmit the indexed modulation transmission in one of the RE blocks and may skip transmission in another RE block (e.g., transmitting the indexed modulation transmission and skipping the transmission in the empty RE cannot occur in the same RE block).

[0138] Additionally, the number of REs per RE block may be per MCS (eg, each MCS has a corresponding N RE ), per constellation (e.g., BPSK, QPSK, QAM, etc.), per frequency allocation, based on channel conditions (e.g., delay spread, Doppler spread, time offset, etc.), or a combination thereof. Accordingly, the transmitting device may determine the number of REs to be allocated to the RE block based on these factors for selectively mapping the signal to the REs in the RE block (e.g., when power boosting is applied).

[0139] After RE mapper 440, the mapped REs at 450 may be input into OFDM signal generation component 455. OFDM signal generation component 455 may generate OFDM symbols that a transmitting device may transmit to a receiving device according to the RE mapping. Additionally, OFDM signal generation component 455 may modulate the received signal based on the RE mapping determined by index mapper 435. 45 to map the mapped REs to one or more transmit antennas 465. For example, the transmitting device may use one transmit antenna 465-a (e.g., or another single transmit antenna 465) to transmit indexed modulation transmissions on all transmit antennas 465 or a combination thereof (e.g., after being subjected to index modulation mapper 435 and RE mapper 445). Additionally, in some cases, the transmitting device may switch between transmit antennas 465 to transmit indexed modulation transmissions that vary over time (e.g., per slot, symbol, subframe, etc.). For example, the transmitting device may select a transmit antenna 465 based on the number of transmit antennas of the transmitting device (e.g., N Tx ) to switch between transmit antennas 465 so that the transmitting device can Tx Switch between the transmit antennas.

[0140] Figure 5 An example of a transmit chain 500 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the transmit chain 500 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100, the wireless communication system 200, or both, or may be implemented by these aspects. The base station 105 may use the transmit chain 500 to arrange or configure downlink transmissions to the UE 115 according to the index modulation procedure as described herein, wherein the UE 115 is a full-duplex UE 115. Additionally or alternatively, any transmitting device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115, etc.) may use the transmit chain 500 to configure transmissions to a receiving device (e.g., UE 115, base station 105, etc.) according to the index modulation procedure.

[0141] The transmission chain 500 can be implemented as shown in FIG. Figure 4 For example, the transmission chain 500 may also include at 505, 515, 525, 530, 540, and 550, respectively, Figure 4 Similar inputs and adjusted bits corresponding to 405, 415, 425, 430, 440 and 450 of FIG. Additionally, the transmit chain 500 may also include the same as described in reference Figure 4 Similar named modules, mappers and components described correspond to the channel decoding module 510 , the rate matching module 520 , the index modulation mapper 535 , the RE mapper 545 and the OFDM signal generation component 555 .

[0142] As Figure 44, the transmit chain 500 may include an RE mapper 545 that maps one or more REs 560 to RE blocks that span multiple TTIs in the time domain. A set of REs 560 is depicted, with frequency shown in the vertical direction, and each RE 560 may correspond to the same (or different) subcarriers within different TTIs (e.g., OFDM symbol periods, time slots, etc.) shown in the horizontal direction. For example, in the case where the number of REs 560 is configured as two (2) per RE block (e.g., N RE =2), the first RE block may include RE 560-a and RE 560-b. Accordingly, one of RE 560 may include an already (eg, based on N RE = Factor of 2 ) is a signal transmission (eg, a bit) that is boosted by power, and another RE 560 in the RE block may be an empty RE. The RE mapper 545 may then map the REs according to b i To map i The bit has been pushed up.

[0143] For example, an option of the first index modulation configuration (eg, b 0 = 0) may include carrying multiplication by The boost factor (for example, based on N RE =2, so that the boost factor is to determine) bits (s 00 ) and RE 560-b which is a null RE (eg, containing '0'). Additionally or alternatively, another option of the first index modulation configuration (eg, b 0 = 1) may include carrying multiplication by The boost factor bits (s 00 ) and RE 560-b that is a null RE (e.g., containing '0'). Subsequent RE blocks may carry the corresponding bits until bits are allocated to the corresponding RE 560 in each RE block (eg, for b 1 The second RE block may include RE 560-c and RE 560-d to transmit one or more bits s 10 ).

[0144] Figure 6An example of a receive chain 600 supporting full-duplex index modulation in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the receive chain 600 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100, the wireless communication system 200, or both, or may be implemented by these aspects. The UE 115 may use the receive chain 600 to receive and decode downlink transmissions from the base station 105 according to the index modulation procedure as described herein, where the UE 115 is a full-duplex UE 115. Additionally or alternatively, any receiving device (e.g., UE 115, base station 105, etc.) may use the receive chain 600 to receive transmissions from a transmitting device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115, etc.) according to the index modulation procedure.

[0145] At 605, a receiving device may receive coded bits from a transmitting device. These coded bits may be passed to an energy detector 610. The energy detector 610 may look for and detect index modulation data positions (e.g., active REs carrying index modulation transmissions). For example, the energy detector 610 may provide symbol positions with higher energy (e.g., maximum energy) to a demodulator component. In some cases, it may be assumed that the SNR is greater than zero (0) dB due to boosting for the index modulation procedure.

[0146] Subsequently, at 615, the energy detector 610 may pass the identified data location to the antenna estimator 620. For example, the antenna estimator 620 may be an ML detector for estimating the transmit antennas used by the transmitting device to transmit the indexed modulation transmission (e.g., assuming that the channel is estimated per transmit antenna). In some cases, the antenna estimator 620 may use the identified data location and the number of REs used for the indexed modulation procedure (e.g., N RE ) to estimate and identify the transmitting antenna.

[0147] At 625, the antenna estimator 620 may then pass the information about the estimated / identified transmit antennas to the RE demapper 630. Accordingly, the RE demapper 630 may combine the QAM data with the indexed modulated bits obtained from the RE (e.g., using the information about the estimated / identified transmit antennas) before decoding. At 635, the RE demapper 630 may then pass the indexed modulated bits combined with the QAM data to the OFDM signal decoder 640, which decodes the indexed modulated transmission to receive information from the transmitting device. Additionally, the OFDM signal decoder 640 may pass samples identified as having no data signal to the RE demapper 630. nn Estimator (eg, in case of no uplink transmission).

[0148] Figure 7An example of a process flow 700 for supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the process flow 700 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100, the wireless communication system 200, or both, or may be implemented by these aspects. The process flow 700 may include a base station 105-b and a UE 115-b, which may be respectively as described in reference Figure 1-6 Examples of corresponding base stations 105 and UEs 115 are described. As described herein, UE 115-b may be a full-duplex capable UE 115 as described herein.

[0149] In the following description of process flow 700, operations between UE 115-b and base station 105-b may be transmitted in an order different from that shown, or operations performed by base station 105-b and UE 115-b may be performed in a different order or at a different time. Certain operations may also be excluded from process flow 700, or other operations may be added to process flow 700. It will be understood that although base station 105-b and UE 115-b are shown as performing several operations of process flow 700, any wireless device may perform the operations shown. For example, although base station 105-b may be configured to perform several operations of process flow 700, any wireless device may perform the operations shown. Figure 7 Although shown in the example of , any transmitting device (e.g., base station 105, additional UE 115, etc.) can use the techniques described herein to perform the operations shown.

[0150] At 705, UE 115-b may transmit (e.g., to base station 105-b) a request indicating a requested number of REs per RE block. In some cases, UE 115-b may transmit the request indicating a requested number of REs per RE block based on a requested MCS or a configured MCS, a requested modulation constellation or a configured modulation constellation, a requested frequency allocation or a frequency allocation corresponding to a resource allocation indicated in a grant, wireless channel conditions, delay spread, Doppler spread, or any combination thereof.

[0151] At 710, UE 115-b may receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration (e.g., from base station 105-b), the RE block configuration indicating a number of REs for each RE block. In some cases, UE 115-b may receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration indicating a number of REs that is the same as a requested number of REs for each RE block. Additionally or alternatively, UE 115-b may receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration indicating a number of REs that is different than a requested number of REs for each RE block. In some cases, the control signaling may indicate a predefined index modulation RE block configuration for UE 115-b to use for receiving indexed modulation transmissions and / or for transmitting indexed modulation transmissions.

[0152] UE 115-b may receive a grant indicating a resource allocation (eg, from base station 105-b) at 715. In some cases, UE 115-b may receive a grant scheduling the UE to operate in full-duplex mode and to transmit uplink transmissions within the resource allocation.

[0153] At 720, UE 115-b may monitor at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.) and indexed modulated transmissions within data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.) based on the RE block configuration. For example, UE 115-b may perform energy detection within the resource allocation to detect the corresponding position of the data or control RE in each RE block in the set of RE blocks within the resource allocation. Additionally, UE 115-b may estimate the number of one or more transmit antennas used by a transmitter (e.g., base station 105-b) to transmit indexed modulated transmissions within the set of resource element blocks. Subsequently, UE 115-b may identify the number of transmitted bits for indexed modulated transmissions within the resource allocation based on the estimated number of one or more transmit antennas. Additionally, UE 115-b may decode indexed modulated transmissions from a set of RE blocks based on the identified number of transmitted bits within the resource allocation and the detected corresponding positions of data or control REs in each RE block in the set of RE blocks within the resource allocation.

[0154] At 725, UE 115-b may receive (e.g., from base station 105-b) an indexed modulated transmission that is spread in the frequency domain over a set of subcarriers (e.g., as shown in FIG. 1 ). Figure 4 ), where each of the plurality of subcarriers corresponds to a respective data position in each RE block in a set of RE blocks within the resource allocation. Additionally or alternatively, UE 115-b may receive (e.g., from base station 105-b) an indexed modulated transmission that is spread in the time domain over a set of symbols (e.g., or different length TTIs) within the resource allocation (e.g., as in Figure 5 ).

[0155] For example, the base station 105-b (e.g., or a different transmitting device, such as an additional UE 115) may transmit an indexed modulated transmission in data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.) based on the RE block configuration and may skip transmitting in at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.). In some cases, if the indexed modulated transmission falls on the last RE of a first RE block and on the first RE of a second RE block (e.g., where one of the two REs contains bits for the indexed modulated transmission and the other of the two REs is an empty RE), the base station 105-b may transmit the indexed modulated transmission in REs of one of the two RE blocks and may skip transmitting in REs of the other RE block (e.g., without jumping from the first RE block to the second RE block).

[0156] In some cases, base station 105-b (e.g., or a different transmitting device) may identify the number of bits to be included in the indexed modulated transmission based on the number of transmit antennas to be used to transmit the indexed modulated transmission, the modulation constellation, the number of subcarriers within each RE block, and the resource allocation. Additionally, base station 105-b (e.g., or a different transmitting device) may index modulate the input bits based on the identified number of bits and the modulation constellation to generate a modulated transmission. In some cases, base station 105-b (e.g., or a different transmitting device) may also power boost the modulated transmission at the corresponding position of the data or control RE in each RE block in the RE block set within the resource allocation based on the number of REs in each RE block to generate an indexed modulated transmission, wherein the indexed modulated transmission is transmitted via at least one transmit antenna corresponding to the number of transmit antennas.

[0157] At 730, UE 115-b may transmit an uplink transmission within the resource allocation (e.g., to base station 105-b) based on the grant received at 715. In some cases, UE 115-b may transmit the uplink transmission concurrently with receiving the indexed modulated transmission at 725.

[0158] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 of a device 805 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 or a receiving device as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a UE communication manager 815, and a transmitter 820. The device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0159] The receiver 810 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to full-duplex index modulation, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may be a reference Fig.11 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1120. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0160] The UE communication manager 815 may receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block. Additionally, the UE communication manager 815 may receive a grant indicating a resource allocation. In some cases, the UE communication manager 815 may monitor at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) and indexed modulation transmission within the data or control RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) based on the RE block configuration. The UE communication manager 815 may be an example of various aspects of the UE communication manager 1110 described herein.

[0161] In some examples, the UE communication manager 715 as described herein can be implemented to achieve one or more potential advantages for the UE 115. For example, based on receiving an indication of the number of REs per RE block and monitoring the indexed modulation transmission based on the indication, the UE communication manager 715 can enable the UE 115 to operate in full-duplex mode without causing self-interference. Accordingly, the UE communication manager 715 can reduce the waiting time incurred by the UE 115 having to wait for the TTI configured for uplink communication to transmit an uplink message, and instead can transmit the uplink message without waiting.

[0162] The UE communication manager 815 or its subcomponents may be implemented in hardware, code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the UE communication manager 815 or its subcomponents may be performed by a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof.

[0163] The UE communication manager 815 or its subcomponents may be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that portions of the functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the UE communication manager 815 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the UE communication manager 815 or its subcomponents may be combined with one or more other hardware components (including, but not limited to, input / output (I / O) components, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof).

[0164] The transmitter 820 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 805. In some examples, the transmitter 820 may be co-located with the receiver 810 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 820 may be a reference Fig.11 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1120. The transmitter 820 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0165] Fig. 9 A block diagram 900 of a device 905 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of the device 805, UE 115, or a receiving device as described herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a UE communication manager 915, and a transmitter 935. The device 905 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0166] The receiver 910 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to full-duplex index modulation, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 905. The receiver 910 may be a reference Fig.11 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1120. Receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0167] The UE communication manager 915 may be an example of aspects of the UE communication manager 815 as described herein. The UE communication manager 915 may include an RE configuration receiver 920, a resource allocation grant receiver 925, and an RE monitoring component 930. The UE communication manager 915 may be an example of aspects of the UE communication manager 1110 described herein.

[0168] The RE configuration receiver 920 may receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block.

[0169] Resource allocation grant receiver 925 may receive a grant indicating a resource allocation.

[0170] The RE monitoring component 930 may monitor at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.) and indexed modulated transmissions within data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.) based on the RE block configuration.

[0171] Based on the technique for receiving control signaling indicating RE block configuration, the processor of UE 115 (e.g., controlling receiver 810, transmitter 835 or as described in reference Fig.11 The described transceiver 1120 can efficiently determine the location within each RE block of data or control REs for receiving indexed modulated transmissions. Accordingly, the processor can reduce signaling overhead by increasing the probability that an initial transmission is successfully received and suppressing the need for retransmissions. Additionally, the processor can reduce power consumption that would otherwise be generated by processing multiple transmissions / retransmissions of a signal.

[0172] The transmitter 935 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 905. In some examples, the transmitter 935 can be co-located with the receiver 910 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 935 can be a reference Fig.11 Examples of various aspects of the described transceiver 1120. The transmitter 935 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0173] Fig.10 A block diagram 1000 of a UE communication manager 1005 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The UE communication manager 1005 may be an example of aspects of the UE communication manager 815, the UE communication manager 915, or the UE communication manager 1110 described herein. The UE communication manager 1005 may include an RE configuration receiver 1010, a resource allocation grant receiver 1015, an RE monitoring component 1020, an RE request component 1025, and an indexed modulation transmission receiver 1030. Each of these modules may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0174] The RE configuration receiver 1010 may receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block.

[0175] Resource allocation grant receiver 1015 may receive a grant indicating a resource allocation. In some examples, resource allocation grant receiver 1015 may receive a grant to schedule the UE to operate in full-duplex mode and to transmit an uplink transmission within the resource allocation, and may transmit an uplink transmission within the resource allocation.

[0176] The RE monitoring component 1020 may monitor at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) and indexed modulated transmissions within data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) based on the RE block configuration. In some examples, the RE monitoring component 1020 may perform energy detection within the resource allocation to detect the corresponding position of the data or control REs in each RE block in the RE block set within the resource allocation, and may estimate the number of one or more transmit antennas used by the transmitter to transmit the indexed modulated transmission within the RE block set. Additionally, the RE monitoring component 1020 may identify the number of transmitted bits for the indexed modulated transmission within the resource allocation based on the estimated number of one or more transmit antennas, and may decode the indexed modulated transmissions from the RE block set based on the identified number of transmitted bits within the resource allocation and the detected corresponding position of the data or control REs in each RE block in the RE block set within the resource allocation.

[0177] RE request component 1025 can transmit a request indicating a requested number of REs per RE block. In some examples, RE request component 1025 can receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration indicating a number of REs that is the same as the requested number of REs per RE block. Additionally or alternatively, RE request component 1025 can receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration indicating a number of REs that is different than the requested number of REs per RE block.

[0178] In some examples, RE request component 1025 can transmit a request indicating a requested number of REs per RE block based on a requested MCS or a configured MCS, based on a requested modulation constellation or a configured modulation constellation, based on a requested frequency allocation or a frequency allocation corresponding to a resource allocation indicated in a grant, or a combination thereof. Additionally, in some cases, RE request component 1025 can transmit a request indicating a requested number of REs per RE block based on wireless channel conditions, delay spread, Doppler spread, or any combination thereof.

[0179] The indexed modulated transmission receiver 1030 may receive an indexed modulated transmission that is spread in the frequency domain over a set of subcarriers, each subcarrier in the set of subcarriers corresponding to a respective data position in each RE block in a set of RE blocks within the resource allocation. In some examples, the indexed modulated transmission receiver 1030 may receive an indexed modulated transmission that is spread in the time domain over a set of symbols within the resource allocation.

[0180] Fig.11A diagram of a system 1100 including a device 1105 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to various aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1105 may be an example of a device 805, a device 905, a UE 115, or a receiving device as described herein or include a component of the above devices. The device 1105 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a UE communication manager 1110, an I / O controller 1115, a transceiver 1120, an antenna 1125, a memory 1130, and a processor 1140. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1145).

[0181] The UE communication manager 1110 may receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block. Additionally, the UE communication manager 1110 may receive a grant indicating a resource allocation. In some cases, the UE communication manager 1110 may monitor at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) and indexed modulation transmissions within data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) based on the RE block configuration.

[0182] I / O controller 1115 can manage input and output signals for device 1105. I / O controller 1115 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 1105. In some cases, I / O controller 1115 can represent a physical connection or port to additional peripheral devices. In some cases, I / O controller 1115 can utilize an operating system, such as Or another known operating system. In other cases, I / O controller 1115 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or similar device. In some cases, I / O controller 1115 may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user may interact with device 1105 via I / O controller 1115 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 1115.

[0183] The transceiver 1120 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, the transceiver 1120 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1120 may also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to an antenna for transmission, and demodulate packets received from an antenna.

[0184] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 1125. However, in some cases, the device may have more than one antenna 1125, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0185] Memory 1130 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 1130 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1135 including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1130 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0186] The processor 1140 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, a DSP, a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1140 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1140. The processor 1140 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1130) to cause the device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support full-duplex index modulation).

[0187] The code 1135 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 1135 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as a system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 1135 may not be directly executed by the processor 1140, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0188] Fig.12 A block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1205 may be an example of aspects of a base station 105 or a transmitting device as described herein. The device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a base station communication manager 1215, and a transmitter 1220. The device 1205 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0189] Receiver 1210 may receive information, such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to full-duplex index modulation, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of device 1205. Receiver 1210 may be a reference Fig.15 Examples of various aspects of the described transceiver 1520. The receiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0190] The base station communication manager 1215 may transmit control signaling to the UE indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block. Additionally, the base station communication manager 1215 may transmit a grant indicating a resource allocation. In some cases, the base station communication manager 1215 may transmit an indexed modulation transmission within a data or control RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) based on the RE block configuration and may skip transmitting within at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.). The base station communication manager 1215 may be an example of various aspects of the base station communication manager 1510 described herein.

[0191] The base station communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents may be implemented in hardware, in code (e.g., software or firmware) executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the base station communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents may be performed by a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof.

[0192] The base station communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents may be physically located at various locations, including being distributed such that portions of functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the base station communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the base station communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents may be combined with one or more other hardware components (including, but not limited to, I / O components, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof).

[0193] The transmitter 1220 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1205. In some examples, the transmitter 1220 may be co-located with the receiver 1210 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1220 may be a reference Fig.15 Examples of various aspects of the described transceiver 1520. The transmitter 1220 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0194] Fig.13A block diagram 1300 of a device 1305 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1305 may be an example of aspects of the device 1205, base station 105, or transmitting device as described herein. The device 1305 may include a receiver 1310, a base station communication manager 1315, and a transmitter 1335. The device 1305 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0195] Receiver 1310 may receive information, such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to full-duplex index modulation, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of device 1305. Receiver 1310 may be a reference Fig.15 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1520. The receiver 1310 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0196] The base station communication manager 1315 may be an example of aspects of the base station communication manager 1215 as described herein. The base station communication manager 1315 may include an RE configuration transmitter 1320, a resource allocation grant transmitter 1325, and an index modulation component 1330. The base station communication manager 1315 may be an example of aspects of the base station communication manager 1510 described herein.

[0197] The RE configuration transmitter 1320 may transmit control signaling indicating an RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block to the UE.

[0198] Resource allocation grant transmitter 1325 may transmit a grant indicating a resource allocation.

[0199] The index modulation component 1330 may transmit indexed modulated transmissions within data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.) based on the RE block configuration and may skip transmitting within at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.).

[0200] Transmitter 1335 may transmit signals generated by other components of device 1305. In some examples, transmitter 1335 may be co-located with receiver 1310 in a transceiver module. Fig.15 Examples of various aspects of the described transceiver 1520. The transmitter 1335 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0201] Fig.14A block diagram 1400 of a base station communication manager 1405 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The base station communication manager 1405 may be an example of aspects of the base station communication manager 1215, the base station communication manager 1315, or the base station communication manager 1510 described herein. The base station communication manager 1405 may include an RE configuration transmitter 1410, a resource allocation grant transmitter 1415, an index modulation component 1420, and an RE amount request component 1425. Each of these modules may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0202] The RE configuration transmitter 1410 may transmit control signaling indicating an RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block to the UE.

[0203] Resource allocation grant transmitter 1415 may transmit a grant indicating a resource allocation. In some examples, resource allocation grant transmitter 1415 may transmit a grant to schedule the UE to operate in full-duplex mode and to transmit an uplink transmission within the resource allocation, and may receive an uplink transmission within the resource allocation.

[0204] The index modulation component 1420 may transmit an indexed modulated transmission within data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.) based on the RE block configuration and may skip transmitting within at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.). In some examples, the index modulation component 1420 may transmit an indexed modulated transmission that is spread in the frequency domain over a set of subcarriers, each subcarrier in the set of subcarriers corresponding to a respective data position in each RE block in a set of RE blocks within the resource allocation. Additionally or alternatively, the index modulation component 1420 may transmit an indexed modulated transmission that is spread in the time domain over a set of symbols within the resource allocation.

[0205] In some examples, the index modulation component 1420 may identify the number of bits to be included in the indexed modulated transmission based on the number of transmit antennas to be used to transmit the indexed modulated transmission, the modulation constellation, the number of subcarriers within each RE block, and the resource allocation. Subsequently, the index modulation component 1420 may index modulate the input bits based on the identified number of bits and the modulation constellation to generate a modulated transmission, and may power boost the modulated transmission at the corresponding position of the data or control RE in each RE block in the RE block set within the resource allocation based on the number of REs in each RE block to generate an indexed modulated transmission, wherein the indexed modulated transmission is transmitted via at least one transmit antenna corresponding to the number of transmit antennas.

[0206] The RE amount request component 1425 may receive a request indicating a requested number of REs for each RE block. In some examples, the RE amount request component 1425 may transmit control signaling indicating an RE block configuration indicating the same number of REs as the requested number of REs for each RE block. Additionally or alternatively, the RE amount request component 1425 may transmit control signaling indicating an RE block configuration indicating a different number of REs than the requested number of REs for each RE block.

[0207] In some examples, RE amount request component 1425 may receive a request indicating a requested number of REs per RE block based on a requested MCS or a configured MCS, based on a requested modulation constellation or a configured modulation constellation, based on a requested frequency allocation or a frequency allocation corresponding to a resource allocation indicated in a grant, or a combination thereof. Additionally, in some cases, RE amount request component 1425 may receive a request indicating a requested number of REs per RE block based on wireless channel conditions, delay spread, Doppler spread, or any combination thereof.

[0208] Fig.15 A diagram of a system 1500 including a device 1505 supporting full-duplex index modulation according to various aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1505 may be an example of a device 1205, a device 1305, a base station 105, or a transmitting device as described herein or include components of the above devices. The device 1505 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a base station communication manager 1510, a network communication manager 1515, a transceiver 1520, an antenna 1525, a memory 1530, a processor 1540, and an inter-station communication manager 1545. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1550).

[0209] The base station communication manager 1510 may transmit control signaling to the UE indicating an RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block. Additionally, the base station communication manager 1510 may transmit a grant indicating a resource allocation. In some cases, the base station communication manager 1510 may transmit indexed modulation transmissions in data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.) based on the RE block configuration and may skip transmitting in at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.).

[0210] The network communications manager 1515 may manage communications with the core network (eg, via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communications manager 1515 may manage the delivery of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115 .

[0211] The transceiver 1520 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, the transceiver 1520 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1520 may also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to an antenna for transmission, and demodulate packets received from an antenna.

[0212] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 1525. However, in some cases, the device may have more than one antenna 1525, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0213] Memory 1530 may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. Memory 1530 may store computer readable code 1535 including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., processor 1540), cause the device to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1530 may include, among other things, a BIOS that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0214] Processor 1540 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1540 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1540. Processor 1540 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1530) to cause device 1505 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support full-duplex index modulation).

[0215] The inter-site communication manager 1545 may manage communications with other base stations 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UE 115 in cooperation with other base stations 105. For example, the inter-site communication manager 1545 may coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques, such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-site communication manager 1545 may provide an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communications between base stations 105.

[0216] The code 1535 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 1535 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as a system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 1535 may not be directly executed by the processor 1540, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0217] Fig.16 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a UE 115 (eg, a receiving device) or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a UE 115 (eg, a receiving device) or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 8 to 11 In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0218] At 1605, the UE may receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block. The operations of 1605 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be as described in reference to Figures 8 to 11 The described RE configures the receiver to perform.

[0219] At 1610, the UE may receive a grant indicating a resource allocation. The operations of 1610 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 The described resource allocation is granted to the receiver to perform.

[0220] At 1615, the UE may monitor at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) and indexed modulation transmissions within data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) based on the RE block configuration. The operations of 1615 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be performed as described in reference to Figures 8 to 11 The described RE monitoring component is executed.

[0221] Fig.17 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method 1700 for supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by a UE 115 (eg, a receiving device) or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by a UE 115 (eg, a receiving device) or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 8 to 11In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0222] At 1705, the UE may receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block. The operations of 1705 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be performed as described in reference to Figures 8 to 11 The described RE configures the receiver to perform.

[0223] At 1710, the UE may receive a grant indicating a resource allocation. The operations of 1710 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 The described resource allocation is granted to the receiver to perform.

[0224] At 1715, the UE may monitor at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) and indexed modulation transmissions within data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) based on the RE block configuration. The operations of 1715 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed as described in reference to Figures 8 to 11 The described RE monitoring component is executed.

[0225] At 1720, the UE may receive a grant to schedule the UE to operate in full-duplex mode and to transmit uplink transmissions within the resource allocation. The operations of 1720 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1720 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 The described resource allocation is granted to the receiver to perform.

[0226] At 1725, the UE may transmit an uplink transmission within the resource allocation. The operations of 1725 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1725 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 The described resource allocation is granted to the receiver to perform.

[0227] Fig.18 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1800 for supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by a UE 115 (eg, a receiving device) or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by a UE 115 (eg, a receiving device) or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 8 to 11In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0228] At 1805, the UE may transmit a request indicating the requested number of REs per RE block. The operations of 1805 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be performed as described in reference to Figures 8 to 11 The described RE requests the component to execute.

[0229] At 1810, the UE may receive control signaling indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block. The operations of 1810 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be performed as described in reference to Figures 8 to 11 The described RE configures the receiver to perform.

[0230] At 1815, the UE may receive a grant indicating a resource allocation. The operations of 1815 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1815 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 The described resource allocation is granted to the receiver to perform.

[0231] At 1820, the UE may monitor at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) and indexed modulation transmissions within data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across each RE block, etc.) based on the RE block configuration. The operations of 1820 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1820 may be performed as described in reference to Figures 8 to 11 The described RE monitoring component is executed.

[0232] Fig.19 A flow chart illustrating a method 1900 for supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by a base station 105 (eg, a transmitting device) or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by a base station 105 (eg, a transmitting device) or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 12 to 15 The base station communication manager described in the foregoing may be used to perform. In some examples, the base station may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0233] At 1905, the base station may transmit control signaling to the UE indicating an RE block configuration, the RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block. The operations of 1905 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1905 may be as described with reference to Figures 12 to 15 The described RE configuration transmitter is performed.

[0234] At 1910, the base station may transmit a grant indicating a resource allocation. The operations of 1910 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1910 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 12 to 15 The described resource allocation is granted to the transmitter to perform.

[0235] At 1915, the base station may transmit indexed modulation transmissions in data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.) based on the RE block configuration and may skip transmitting in at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.). The operations of 1915 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1915 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 12 to 15 The index modulation component described is performed.

[0236] Fig. 20 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method 2000 for supporting full-duplex index modulation according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 2000 may be implemented by a base station 105 (eg, a transmitting device) or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 2000 may be implemented by a base station 105 (eg, a transmitting device) or a component thereof as described herein. Figures 12 to 15 The base station communication manager described in the foregoing may be used to perform. In some examples, the base station may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0237] At 2005, the base station may transmit control signaling indicating an RE block configuration to the UE, the RE block configuration indicating the number of REs per RE block. The operations of 2005 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2005 may be as described with reference to Figures 12 to 15 The described RE configuration transmitter is performed.

[0238] At 2010, the base station may transmit a grant indicating a resource allocation. The operations of 2010 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2010 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 12 to 15 The described resource allocation is granted to the transmitter to perform.

[0239] At 2015, the base station may transmit indexed modulation transmissions in data or control REs within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.) based on the RE block configuration and may skip transmitting in at least one empty RE within the resource allocation (e.g., each RE block, across RE blocks, etc.). The operations of 2015 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2015 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 12 to 15 The index modulation component described is performed.

[0240] At 2020, the base station may identify the number of bits to be included in the indexed modulation transmission based on the number of transmit antennas to be used to transmit the indexed modulation transmission, the modulation constellation, the number of subcarriers within each RE block, and the resource allocation. The operations of 2020 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2020 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 12 to 15 The index modulation component described is performed.

[0241] At 2025, the base station may index modulate the input bits based on the identified number of bits and the modulation constellation to generate a modulated transmission. The operations of 2025 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2025 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 12 to 15 The index modulation component described is performed.

[0242] At 2030, the base station may power boost the data in each RE block in the RE block set within the resource allocation based on the number of REs in each RE block or control the modulated transmission at the corresponding position of the RE to generate an indexed modulated transmission, wherein the indexed modulated transmission is transmitted via at least one transmit antenna corresponding to the number of transmit antennas. The operation of 2030 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, various aspects of the operation of 2030 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 12 to 15 The index modulation component described is performed.

[0243] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the various operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0244] The following provides an overview of various aspects of the disclosure:

[0245] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication by a UE, comprising: receiving control signaling indicating a resource element block configuration, the resource element block configuration indicating the number of resource elements in each resource element block; receiving a grant indicating a resource allocation; and monitoring at least one empty resource element within the resource allocation and an indexed modulated transmission within a data or control resource element within the resource allocation based at least in part on the resource element block configuration.

[0246] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein receiving the grant further comprises: receiving a grant to schedule the UE to operate in full-duplex mode and to transmit uplink transmission within the resource allocation; and transmitting uplink transmission within the resource allocation.

[0247] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 2, further comprising: transmitting a request indicating a requested number of resource elements per resource element block.

[0248] Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, wherein receiving control signaling indicating resource element block configuration comprises: receiving control signaling indicating the resource element block configuration, the resource element block configuration indicating the same number of resource elements as the requested number of resource elements for each resource element block.

[0249] Aspect 5: The method of aspect 3, wherein receiving control signaling indicating resource element block configuration comprises: receiving control signaling indicating the resource element block configuration, the resource element block configuration indicating a number of resource elements different from a requested number of resource elements for each resource element block.

[0250] Aspect 6: The method of any one of aspects 3 to 5, wherein transmitting the request comprises transmitting a request indicating a requested number of resource elements per block of resource elements based at least in part on a requested modulation and coding scheme or a configured modulation and coding scheme.

[0251] Aspect 7: The method of any one of aspects 3 to 5, wherein transmitting the request comprises transmitting a request indicating a requested number of resource elements per block of resource elements based at least in part on a requested modulation constellation or a configured modulation constellation.

[0252] Aspect 8: The method of any one of aspects 3 to 5, wherein transmitting the request comprises transmitting a request indicating a requested number of resource elements per resource element block based at least in part on the requested frequency allocation or a frequency allocation corresponding to the resource allocation indicated in the grant.

[0253] Aspect 9: The method of any one of aspects 3 to 5, wherein transmitting the request comprises transmitting a request indicating a requested number of resource elements per resource element block based at least in part on wireless channel conditions, delay spread, Doppler spread, or any combination thereof.

[0254] Aspect 10: The method of any one of Aspects 1 to 9 further comprises: receiving an indexed modulated transmission, which is spread in the frequency domain over multiple subcarriers, each of the multiple subcarriers corresponding to a corresponding data position in each of the multiple resource element blocks within the resource allocation.

[0255] Aspect 11: The method of any one of aspects 1 to 10, further comprising: receiving an indexed modulation transmission, the indexed modulation transmission spread in the time domain over multiple symbols within the resource allocation.

[0256] Aspect 12: A method as described in any one of Aspects 1 to 11, wherein the monitoring further includes: performing energy detection within the resource allocation to detect the corresponding position of data or control resource elements in each of the multiple resource element blocks within the resource allocation; estimating the number of one or more transmitting antennas used by the transmitter to transmit indexed modulated transmissions within the multiple resource element blocks; identifying the number of transmitted bits for indexed modulated transmissions within the resource allocation based at least in part on the estimated number of one or more transmitting antennas; and decoding the indexed modulated transmissions from the multiple resource element blocks based at least in part on the identified number of transmitted bits within the resource allocation and the detected corresponding position of data or control resource elements in each of the multiple resource element blocks within the resource allocation.

[0257] Aspect 13: A method for wireless communication by a base station, comprising: transmitting control signaling indicating a resource element block configuration to a UE, the resource element block configuration indicating the number of resource elements in each resource element block; transmitting a grant indicating resource allocation; and transmitting an indexed modulated transmission within a data or control resource element within the resource allocation based at least in part on the resource element block configuration and skipping transmission within at least one empty resource element within the resource allocation.

[0258] Aspect 14: The method of aspect 13, wherein transmitting the grant further comprises: transmitting a grant to schedule the UE to operate in full-duplex mode and to transmit uplink transmissions within the resource allocation; and receiving uplink transmissions within the resource allocation.

[0259] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of aspects 13 to 14, further comprising: receiving a request indicating a requested number of resource elements per resource element block.

[0260] Aspect 16: The method of aspect 15, wherein transmitting control signaling indicating a resource element block configuration comprises: transmitting control signaling indicating the resource element block configuration, the resource element block configuration indicating a number of resource elements that is the same as a requested number of resource elements for each resource element block.

[0261] Aspect 17: The method of aspect 15, wherein transmitting control signaling indicating a resource element block configuration comprises: transmitting control signaling indicating the resource element block configuration, the resource element block configuration indicating a number of resource elements different from a requested number of resource elements for each resource element block.

[0262] Aspect 18: The method of any of Aspects 15 to 17, wherein receiving the request comprises receiving a request indicating a requested number of resource elements per block of resource elements based at least in part on a requested modulation and coding scheme or a configured modulation and coding scheme.

[0263] Aspect 19: The method of any one of aspects 15 to 17, wherein receiving the request comprises: receiving a request indicating a requested number of resource elements per block of resource elements based at least in part on a requested modulation constellation or a configured modulation constellation.

[0264] Aspect 20: The method of any one of Aspects 15 to 17, wherein receiving the request comprises receiving a request indicating a requested number of resource elements per resource element block based at least in part on the requested frequency allocation or a frequency allocation corresponding to the resource allocation indicated in the grant.

[0265] Aspect 21: The method of any one of aspects 15 to 17, wherein receiving the request comprises: receiving a request indicating a requested number of resource elements per resource element block based at least in part on wireless channel conditions, delay spread, Doppler spread, or any combination thereof.

[0266] Aspect 22: A method as in any one of Aspects 13 to 21, further comprising: transmitting an indexed modulated transmission, which is spread in the frequency domain over multiple subcarriers, each of the multiple subcarriers corresponding to a corresponding data position in each of the multiple resource element blocks within the resource allocation.

[0267] Aspect 23: The method of any one of Aspects 13 to 22, wherein transmitting the indexed modulated transmission comprises transmitting the indexed modulated transmission, the indexed modulated transmission spread in the time domain over a plurality of symbols within the resource allocation.

[0268] Aspect 24: A method as described in any of Aspects 13 to 23, wherein transmitting the indexed modulated transmission includes: identifying the number of bits to be included in the indexed modulated transmission based at least in part on the number of transmit antennas to be used to transmit the indexed modulated transmission, the modulation constellation, the number of subcarriers within each resource element block, and the resource allocation; indexing and modulating the input bits to generate the modulated transmission based at least in part on the identified number of bits and the modulation constellation; and power-boosting the modulated transmission at the corresponding position of the data or control resource elements in each resource element block in a plurality of resource element blocks within the resource allocation based at least in part on the number of resource elements in each resource element block to generate the indexed modulated transmission, wherein the indexed modulated transmission is transmitted via at least one transmit antenna corresponding to the number of transmit antennas.

[0269] Aspect 25: An apparatus for wireless communication by a UE, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions, which are stored in the memory and can be executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method as in any one of Aspects 1 to 12.

[0270] Aspect 26: An apparatus for wireless communication by a UE, comprising at least one device for performing the method as described in any one of aspects 1 to 12.

[0271] Aspect 27: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication by a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 1 to 12.

[0272] Aspect 28: An apparatus for wireless communication by a base station, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method as in any one of Aspects 13 to 24.

[0273] Aspect 29: An apparatus for wireless communication by a base station, comprising at least one device for performing the method of any one of Aspects 13 to 24.

[0274] Aspect 30: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication by a base station, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 13 to 24.

[0275] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein may also be applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applied to various other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0276] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout this description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0277] The various illustrative blocks and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0278] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted by a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Other examples and implementations fall within the scope of the present disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that parts of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0279] Computer readable medium includes both non-transient computer storage medium and communication medium, and it includes any medium that facilitates computer program to transfer from one place to another place.Non-transient storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by general or special-purpose computer.As an example and not limitation, non-transient computer readable medium can include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or can be used to carry or store instruction or data structure form of desired program code means and can be accessed by general or special-purpose computer or general or special-purpose processor any other non-transient medium.Similarly, any connection is also properly referred to as computer readable medium.For example, if software is transmitted from website, server or other remote source using coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technology such as infrared, radio and microwave, then the coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technology such as infrared, radio and microwave are just included in the definition of computer readable medium. Disk and disc as used herein include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0280] As used herein (including in the claims), "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items with a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, so that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Similarly, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as referring to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" may be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on."

[0281] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference number. In addition, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference number with a dash and a second reference number that distinguishes between similar components. If only the first reference number is used in the specification, the description may apply to any of the similar components having the same first reference number regardless of the second reference number, or other subsequent reference numbers.

[0282] The descriptions set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describe example configurations and do not represent all examples that can be implemented or fall within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "used as an example, instance, or illustration" and does not mean "better than" or "better than other examples." This detailed description includes specific details to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0283] The description herein is provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, and the universal principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving control signaling indicating a resource element block configuration, the resource element block configuration indicating a number of resource elements per resource element block; receiving a grant indicating an allocation of resources; as well as At least one empty resource element within the resource allocation and a power-boosted indexed modulated transmission within a data or control resource element within the resource allocation are monitored based at least in part on the resource element block configuration, wherein an index of the data or control resource element within the resource element block conveys an information bit in the indexed modulated transmission.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving the grant further comprises: receiving a grant to schedule the UE to operate in full-duplex mode and to transmit an uplink transmission within the resource allocation; as well as The uplink transmission is transmitted within the resource allocation.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: A request is transmitted indicating a requested number of resource elements per block of resource elements.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein receiving control signaling indicating the resource element block configuration comprises: Control signaling indicating the resource element block configuration is received, the resource element block configuration indicating a number of resource elements that is the same as a requested number of resource elements for each of the resource element blocks.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein receiving control signaling indicating the resource element block configuration comprises: Control signaling is received indicative of the resource element block configuration, the resource element block configuration indicating a number of resource elements different than a requested number of resource elements for each of the resource element blocks.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein transmitting the request comprises: The request indicating a requested number of resource elements for each block of resource elements is transmitted based at least in part on a requested modulation and coding scheme or a configured modulation and coding scheme.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein transmitting the request comprises: The request indicating a requested number of resource elements for the each block of resource elements is transmitted based at least in part on the requested modulation constellation or the configured modulation constellation.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein transmitting the request comprises: The request indicating a requested number of resource elements for each block of resource elements is transmitted based at least in part on the requested frequency allocation or a frequency allocation corresponding to a resource allocation indicated in the grant.

9. The method of claim 3, wherein transmitting the request comprises: The request indicating a requested number of resource elements for the each block of resource elements is transmitted based at least in part on wireless channel conditions, delay spread, Doppler spread, or any combination thereof.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising: The indexed modulated transmission is received, the indexed modulated transmission being spread in the frequency domain over a plurality of subcarriers, each subcarrier of the plurality of subcarriers corresponding to a respective data position in each of a plurality of resource element blocks within the resource allocation.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising: The indexed modulated transmission is received, the indexed modulated transmission spread in the time domain over a plurality of symbols within the resource allocation.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the monitoring further comprises: performing energy detection within the resource allocation to detect a corresponding position of a data or control resource element in each of a plurality of resource element blocks within the resource allocation; estimating a number of one or more transmit antennas used by a transmitter to transmit the indexed modulated transmission within the plurality of resource element blocks; identifying a number of transmitted bits for the indexed modulation transmission within the resource allocation based at least in part on the estimated number of one or more transmit antennas; as well as The indexed modulation transmission from the plurality of resource element blocks is decoded based at least in part on the identified number of transmitted bits within the resource allocation and the detected respective positions of the data or control resource elements in each of the plurality of resource element blocks within the resource allocation.

13. A method for wireless communication by a network access node, comprising: transmitting control signaling indicating a resource element block configuration to a user equipment (UE), the resource element block configuration indicating a number of resource elements per resource element block; transmitting a grant indicating a resource allocation; as well as A power-boosted indexed modulation transmission is transmitted within a data or control resource element within the resource allocation and skipped transmitting within at least one empty resource element within the resource allocation based at least in part on the resource element block configuration, wherein an index of the data or control resource element within the resource element block conveys an information bit in the indexed modulation transmission.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein transmitting the grant further comprises: transmitting a grant to schedule the UE to operate in full-duplex mode and to transmit an uplink transmission within the resource allocation; as well as The uplink transmission is received within the resource allocation.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising: A request is received indicating a requested number of resource elements per block of resource elements.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein transmitting control signaling indicating the resource element block configuration comprises: Control signaling is transmitted indicating the resource element block configuration, the resource element block configuration indicating a number of resource elements that is the same as the requested number of resource elements for each of the resource element blocks.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein transmitting control signaling indicating the resource element block configuration comprises: Control signaling is transmitted indicating the resource element block configuration, the resource element block configuration indicating a number of resource elements different than a requested number of resource elements for each of the resource element blocks.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein receiving the request comprises: The request indicating a requested number of resource elements for each block of resource elements is received based at least in part on a requested modulation and coding scheme or a configured modulation and coding scheme.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein receiving the request comprises: The request indicating a requested number of resource elements for each block of resource elements is received based at least in part on a requested modulation constellation or a configured modulation constellation.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein receiving the request comprises: The request indicating a requested number of resource elements for each block of resource elements is received based at least in part on the requested frequency allocation or a frequency allocation corresponding to the resource allocation indicated in the grant.

21. The method of claim 15, wherein receiving the request comprises: The request indicating a requested number of resource elements for each block of resource elements is received based at least in part on wireless channel conditions, delay spread, Doppler spread, or any combination thereof.

22. The method of claim 13, further comprising: The indexed modulated transmission is transmitted, the indexed modulated transmission being spread in the frequency domain over a plurality of subcarriers, each subcarrier of the plurality of subcarriers corresponding to a respective data position in each of a plurality of resource element blocks within the resource allocation.

23. The method of claim 13, wherein transmitting the indexed modulation transmission comprises: The indexed modulation transmission is transmitted, the indexed modulation transmission spread in the time domain over a plurality of symbols within the resource allocation.

24. The method of claim 13, wherein transmitting the indexed modulated transmission comprises: identifying a number of bits to include within the indexed modulated transmission based at least in part on a number of transmit antennas to be used to transmit the indexed modulated transmission, a modulation constellation, a number of subcarriers within each resource element block, and the resource allocation; indexing the input bits based at least in part on the identified number of bits and the modulation constellation to generate a modulated transmission; and The modulated transmission at a corresponding position of data or control resource elements in each of a plurality of resource element blocks within the resource allocation is power boosted based at least in part on the number of resource elements in each resource element block to generate the indexed modulated transmission, wherein the indexed modulated transmission is transmitted via at least one transmit antenna corresponding to the number of transmit antennas.

25. An apparatus for wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), comprising: means for receiving control signaling indicating a resource element block configuration, the resource element block configuration indicating a number of resource elements per resource element block; means for receiving a grant indicating an allocation of resources; as well as Means for monitoring at least one empty resource element within the resource allocation and a power-boosted indexed modulation transmission within a data or control resource element within the resource allocation based at least in part on the resource element block configuration, wherein an index of the data or control resource element within the resource element block conveys an information bit in the indexed modulation transmission.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the means for receiving the grant further comprises: means for receiving a grant to schedule the UE to operate in full-duplex mode and to transmit an uplink transmission within the resource allocation; as well as means for transmitting the uplink transmission within the resource allocation.

27. The apparatus of claim 25, further comprising: Means for transmitting a request indicating a requested number of resource elements per block of resource elements.

28. The apparatus of claim 25, further comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of claims 4-12.

29. An apparatus for wireless communication by a network access node, comprising: means for transmitting control signaling indicating a resource element block configuration to a user equipment (UE), the resource element block configuration indicating a number of resource elements per resource element block; means for transmitting a grant indicating an allocation of resources; as well as Means for transmitting a power-boosted indexed modulation transmission within a data or control resource element within the resource allocation and skipping transmitting within at least one empty resource element within the resource allocation based at least in part on the resource element block configuration, wherein an index of the data or control resource element within the resource element block conveys an information bit in the indexed modulation transmission.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the means for transmitting the grant further comprises: means for transmitting a grant to schedule the UE to operate in full-duplex mode and to transmit an uplink transmission within the resource allocation; as well as Means for receiving the uplink transmission within the resource allocation.

31. The apparatus of claim 29, further comprising: Means for receiving a request indicating a requested number of resource elements per block of resource elements.

32. The apparatus of claim 29, further comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of claims 16-24.

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