Grooving method

Abstract

The application discloses a groove machining method. The groove machining method is specifically characterized in that, in the process that a laser beam and an air jet act on the surface of a workpiece to be grooved, a water jet is applied to the surface of the workpiece, the water jet is in an inclined posture with respect to the direction perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece, and the impact point of the water jet is spaced apart from the action point of the laser beam. The water jet offset from the laser beam by a certain offset distance is obliquely incident on the surface of the workpiece at a suitable angle, and a flowing water film is formed on the surface, which collides with the air jet to form a plume. The laser scanning direction needs to be opposite to the direction of the water jet, so that the impact point of the water jet is always on the surface of the workpiece, thereby ensuring the stability of the water film. The molten and gasified material generated by ablation of the workpiece can be removed along with the plume, and correspondingly, the heat generated by laser ablation can also be effectively taken away by the high-speed plume, thereby forming a nearly non-heat-damaged groove.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser processing, and particularly to a groove machining method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the related art, laser processing is mainly applied to material cutting process, rather than groove machining. During machining, the high-density energy carried by the laser makes the irradiated area quickly reach a molten or even gasified state. If the laser can cut through the workpiece, the molten or gasified material can be removed from the bottom of the workpiece under the impact of the air jet coaxial with the laser beam, and a cut seam is gradually formed as the laser scans. If the laser cannot cut through the workpiece, the molten or gasified material cannot be removed under the impact of the air jet coaxial with the laser beam, but is recast in the small hole ablated by the laser, so that the groove cannot be formed. In addition, due to the extremely high temperature reached during laser processing, the machined workpiece will have a significant heat-affected zone, and especially for some brittle materials, thermal stress will also produce micro-cracks. Due to the insufficient impact range and impact force of the air jet, a recast layer is often formed on the machined surface, making it difficult to achieve high-quality machining. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a groove machining method, which can effectively realize a precision groove machining process with almost no thermal damage, uniform groove machining, and good machined surface quality.

[0004] The present application provides a groove machining method, in which a water jet is applied to the surface of a workpiece to be grooved during the action of a laser beam and an air jet on the surface of the workpiece. The water jet is inclined to the direction perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece, and the impact point of the water jet is spaced apart from the action point of the laser beam.

[0005] Optionally, the angle of inclination is 40° to 50°.

[0006] Optionally, the scanning direction of the laser beam is opposite to the water jet exit direction.

[0007] Optionally, the impact point of the water jet is spaced apart from the action point of the laser beam by 3mm to 5mm.

[0008] The air jet coaxial with the laser beam can eliminate the interference of water mist and vaporized material on the lens, and ensure that the irradiation area is not affected by the water flow, and the workpiece can be ablated. The water jet offset a certain distance from the laser beam is obliquely incident on the workpiece surface at a suitable angle, forming a flowing water film on the surface, which collides with the air jet to form a plume. The laser scanning direction needs to be opposite to the direction of the water jet, so as to ensure that the water jet impact point is always on the workpiece surface, thereby ensuring the stability of the water film. The molten and vaporized material generated by ablation of the workpiece can be removed with the plume, and correspondingly, the heat generated by laser ablation can also be effectively taken away by the high-speed plume, thereby forming a nearly non-thermal damage slotting. In addition, the slotting is uniform without recast layer, and the surface quality is good, which can be used for precision machining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0009] The technical solutions and other beneficial effects of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application, combined with the accompanying drawings.

[0010] Figure 1 An implementation schematic diagram of the slotting method provided by the embodiments of the present application is provided.

[0011] Figure 2 A fluid flow direction schematic diagram of the workpiece surface provided by the embodiments of the present application is provided.

[0012] Figure 3 A slotting photo after processing by the slotting method provided by the embodiments of the present application is provided.

[0013] In the drawings, the elements are identified as follows:

[0014] 1-laser; 2-air jet; 3-laser beam; 4-nozzle; 5-water jet; 6-workpiece surface; 7-slotting; 8-water jet impact point; 9-water film; 10-water mist and vaporized material; 11-plume. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0016] In the description of the application, it is necessary to understand that the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included one or more of the features. In the description of the application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0017] In the description of the application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0018] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the application, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the application. In addition, the application can repeatedly refer to numbers and / or letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and in itself does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, the application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those skilled in the art can realize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0019] The groove machining method provided by the embodiment of the application is characterized in that, in the process that the laser beam and the air jet act on the surface of the workpiece to be grooved, a water jet is implemented on the surface of the workpiece, the direction of emission of the water jet is in an inclined posture relative to the direction perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece, and the impact point of the water jet is arranged in a spaced manner relative to the action point of the laser beam.

[0020] Now, for a common application scenario, the operation process of the groove machining of the application is described. It should be noted that this common embodiment cannot be used as the basis for identifying the necessity features for understanding the technical problems claimed to be solved by the application, and it is only a demonstration.

[0021] The operation process of groove machining includes the following processes:

[0022] Reference Figure 1S1, the water jet spray gun is rotated. In this example, the diameter of the water jet nozzle 4 is 0.4mm to 1.0mm, the tilt angle of the water jet spray gun is 40° to 50°, and the distance between the water jet impact point 8 and the laser beam 3 is 3mm to 5mm.

[0023] S2, Adjust the parameters appropriately. In this example, the rated power of laser 1 is 150W, the laser wavelength is 1080nm, and the pulse frequency is 0~500Hz. The pressure of water jet 5 is 5~20MPa, and the pressure of air jet 2 is 0.1~0.3MPa.

[0024] S3, Start processing. In this example, the material being processed is a titanium alloy TC4 plate.

[0025] An air jet 2, coaxially ejected with the laser beam, eliminates interference from water mist and vaporized material 10 on the lens and ensures the irradiated area is unaffected by water flow, allowing the workpiece to be ablated. A water jet 5, offset from the laser beam 3, is directed off-axis at a suitable angle towards the workpiece surface 6, forming a flowing water film 9 on the workpiece surface 6. Figure 2 As shown, it collides with the air jet 2 to form a plume 11. The laser scanning direction must be opposite to the water jet direction to ensure that the water jet impact point 8 is always on the workpiece surface 6, thereby ensuring the stability of the water film 9. The water mist and vaporized material 10 generated by workpiece ablation can be removed with the plume 11. Correspondingly, the heat generated by laser ablation can also be effectively carried away by the high-speed plume 11, thereby forming a groove 7 with almost no thermal damage.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 3 As can be seen from the figure, the grooves on the surface of the workpiece obtained by the grooving in this application are uniform and free of recast layer, resulting in good surface quality.

[0027] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A grooving method, characterized in that, During the process of laser beam and air jet acting on the surface of the workpiece to be grooved, water jet is applied to the surface of the workpiece. The exit direction of the water jet is inclined to the direction perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece, and the impact point of the water jet is set at an interval from the point of action of the laser beam. The scanning direction of the laser beam is opposite to the exit direction of the water jet; The impact point of the water jet is 3mm to 5mm away from the point of action of the laser beam.

2. The grooving method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tilt angle is 40°~50°.

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