A shield device, a tunneling machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shield device and a tunneling machine, relating to the technical field of tunneling equipment. The shield device includes a front shield, a telescopic shield, and a tightening shield. Both the front shield and the tightening shield are provided with at least two fixing blocks circumferentially distributed, telescopic blocks that can be telescoped radially relative to the fixing blocks along the front shield or the tightening shield, and power components that drive the telescopic blocks to extend or retract relative to the fixing blocks. One end of the power component is connected to the telescopic block, and the other end is connected to the corresponding fixing block. Moreover, at least two fixing positions located at different positions radially are provided on the same fixing block, and the fixing positions are used for connecting with the power components. The tightening shield includes a telescopically arranged tightening system, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic blocks in the tightening shield is different from the telescopic direction of the tightening system. The shield device provided by the present invention has a large diameter variation range, can effectively expand the diameter variation range of the shield device, so as to meet the tunneling of tunnels with large radial dimension changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunneling equipment, and more specifically, to a shield device. In addition, the present invention also relates to a tunneling machine including the above shield device. Background Art

[0002] Pumped storage is currently the most mature large-scale energy storage method. With the wide application of double-shield TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) in the pumped storage industry, higher requirements are put forward for double-shield TBM; in the same power station, except for the diversion inclined shaft, the excavation cross-sections of most underground chambers such as the diversion horizontal tunnel, tailrace tunnel, construction access tunnel, and cable gallery are about 6-8 m. For the double-shield TBM applied in the pumped storage industry, it is required that its diameter-changing ability can cover this diameter range, and it has the condition of being applied to the excavation of multiple underground chambers in the same power station, which can greatly improve the adaptability range of the TBM and reduce the construction cost.

[0003] The existing double-shield TBM has great advantages in protecting the safety of the main machine. However, due to the structure of multiple shields of the double-shield TBM and for safety considerations, it is difficult to change the diameter of its shield; especially for the higher requirements of tunnel construction in the pumped storage industry, the existing traditional double-shield TBM shield simply does not have the ability to change the diameter of large size, let alone adapt to the diameter change from 6 m to 8 m.

[0004] In summary, how to expand the diameter-changing range of the shield device is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art at present. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a shield device, which in the process of use, by connecting the power member to different fixed positions, can make the front shield and the tightening shield have a large radial change range, meeting the requirements of large-size diameter change of the shield device.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a tunneling machine including the above shield device with large-size diameter change.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A shield device includes a front shield, a telescopic shield, and a tightening shield; both the front shield and the tightening shield are provided with at least two fixing blocks distributed circumferentially, a telescopic block that is radially telescopic relative to the fixing block along the front shield or the tightening shield, and a power member that drives the telescopic block to extend or retract relative to the fixing block. One end of the power member is connected to the telescopic block, and the other end is connected to the corresponding fixing block. At least two fixing positions located at different positions radially are provided on the same fixing block, and the fixing positions are used to connect to the power member;

[0009] The tightening shield includes a telescopically arranged tightening system, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic block in the tightening shield is different from the telescopic direction of the tightening system.

[0010] Optionally, the telescopic block includes:

[0011] A main body structure that is telescopically arranged relative to the fixing block along the radial direction of the front shield or the tightening shield and is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the fixing block;

[0012] A housing structure that is connected to the main body structure. Adjacent housing structures are arranged along the circumference of the front shield, and adjacent housing structures always have an overlap in the circumferential direction as the radial dimension of the front shield changes.

[0013] Optionally, the housing structure includes:

[0014] An intermediate fixing part that is fixedly connected to the main body structure;

[0015] A hinged overlapping block that is rotatably arranged at the circumferential end of the intermediate fixing part;

[0016] And at least one end of the two circumferential ends of the same intermediate fixing part is provided with the hinged overlapping block.

[0017] Optionally, a locking member is provided at the connection between the intermediate fixing part and the hinged overlapping block to lock and fix the hinged overlapping block relative to the intermediate fixing part;

[0018] And / or, the telescopic block includes a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the intermediate fixing part or the main body structure, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the hinged overlapping block, and a plurality of mounting positions are provided on the hinged overlapping block along the circumferential direction for connecting the connecting rod.

[0019] Optionally, the number of the power members is less than the number of the telescopic blocks, and the telescopic blocks arranged downward extend or retract relative to the corresponding fixing blocks by gravity.

[0020] Optionally, the telescopically downwardly disposed block and the corresponding fixed block are both provided with snap positions for placing support blocks to prevent the telescopically downwardly disposed block from retracting relative to the fixed block.

[0021] Optionally, the fixed position is an ear seat provided on the fixed block;

[0022] And / or, a dust-proof plate is circumferentially provided on the front shield, a front dust-proof baffle and a rear dust-proof baffle are provided on the upper part of the tightening shield, and a dust scraping plate is circumferentially provided on the outer shell of the tightening shield to prevent debris from entering the front shield and the tightening shield.

[0023] Optionally, the tightening system includes a first support shoe, a second support shoe and a support shoe oil cylinder. The first support shoe is provided with a first guide post, the second support shoe is provided with a second guide post, one end of the support shoe oil cylinder is detachably installed on the first guide post, and the other end of the support shoe oil cylinder is detachably installed on the second guide post;

[0024] Installation spaces for placing cushion blocks are provided in both the first guide post and the second guide post.

[0025] Optionally, the fixed block includes six front shield fixed blocks circumferentially distributed along the front shield and a top fixed block and a bottom fixed block provided on the tightening shield. The top fixed block is provided on the upper part of the tightening system, and the bottom fixed block is provided on the lower part of the tightening system; and the telescopic direction of the telescopic block corresponding to the top fixed block is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the tightening system.

[0026] A tunneling machine includes the shield device according to any one of the above.

[0027] During the process of using the shield device provided by the present invention, when it is necessary to increase the radial dimensions of the front shield and the tightening shield, first, it is necessary to control one end of the power member to be connected to the fixed block, the other end of the power member to be connected to the telescopic block, and control the power member to drive the telescopic block to extend radially relative to the fixed block. During this process, the radial dimensions of the front shield and the tightening shield increase; when the power member extends to the maximum value and the radial dimensions of the front shield and the tightening shield still do not meet the requirements, the fixed position of the connection between the power member and the fixed member can be changed, the power member can be connected to a fixed position farther from the front shield or farther from the central axis of the tightening shield, and then control the power member to continue to drive the telescopic block to extend relative to the fixed block until the radial dimensions of the front shield and the tightening shield increase to the required size.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the shield device provided by the present invention has a larger diameter variation range, can effectively expand the diameter variation range of the shield device to meet the tunneling of tunnels with large radial dimension changes.

[0029] In addition, the present invention also provides a tunneling machine including the above shield device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0031] Figure 1 Axial sectional view before diameter change of a specific embodiment of the shield device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 Axial sectional view after diameter change of a specific embodiment of the shield device provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 Radial sectional view before diameter change of a specific embodiment of the front shield of the shield device provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 Radial sectional view after diameter change of a specific embodiment of the front shield of the shield device provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 Structural diagram of the upper telescopic block;

[0036] Figure 6 Structural diagram of the upper side telescopic block;

[0037] Figure 7 Radial sectional view before diameter change of a specific embodiment of the tensioning shield of the shield device provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 Radial sectional view after diameter change of a specific embodiment of the tensioning shield of the shield device provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 Structural diagram of the top telescopic block;

[0040] Figure 10 Structural diagram of the tensioning system.

[0041] Figures 1-10 Wherein:

[0042] 1 is the front shield, 11 is the upper telescopic block, 111 is the hinged lap block of the upper telescopic block, 112 is the ear seat of the upper telescopic block, 113 is the middle fixing part of the upper telescopic block, 12 is the upper fixing block, 121 is the enlarged-diameter ear seat of the upper fixing block, 122 is the front enlarged-diameter ear seat of the upper fixing block, 13 is the upper side telescopic block, 131 is the fixed lap block, 132 is the ear seat of the upper side telescopic block, 133 is the middle fixing part of the upper side telescopic block, 134 is the hinged lap block of the upper side telescopic block, 14 is the upper side fixing block, 141 is the enlarged-diameter ear seat of the upper side fixing block, 142 is the front enlarged-diameter ear seat of the upper side fixing block, 15 is the lower side telescopic block, 16 is the lower side fixing block, 161 is the enlarged-diameter ear seat of the lower side fixing block, 162 is the front enlarged-diameter ear seat of the lower side fixing block, 17 is the lower telescopic block, 18 is the lower fixing block, 19 is the enlarged-diameter telescopic oil cylinder of the front shield, 2 is the tightening shield, 21 is the top telescopic block, 211 is the middle fixing part of the top telescopic block, 212 is the hinged lap block of the top telescopic block, 213 is the connecting rod, 22 is the top fixing block, 221 is the large-size enlarged-diameter ear seat, 222 is the small-size enlarged-diameter ear seat, 23 is the jacking oil cylinder, 24 is the tightening system, 241 is the first support shoe, 242 is the first cushion block, 243 is the second cushion block, 244 is the support shoe oil cylinder, 245 is the second support shoe, 25 is the bottom telescopic block, 26 is the bottom fixing block, 27 is the dust scraping plate, 28 is the front dust-proof baffle, 29 is the rear dust-proof baffle, 3 is the telescopic shield, 4 is the support block, 5 is the dust-proof plate, 6 is the cutter head. Detailed implementation mode

[0043] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] The core of the present invention is to provide a shield device, which, during use, can make the front shield and the tightening shield have a large radial change range by connecting the power component to different fixed positions, meeting the requirements of large-size diameter change of the shield device.

[0045] Another core of the present invention is to provide a tunneling machine including the shield device with the above-mentioned large-size diameter change.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1-10 。

[0047] This specific embodiment discloses a shield device, which includes a front shield 1, a telescopic shield 3, and a tightening shield 2; both the front shield 1 and the tightening shield 2 are provided with at least two fixing blocks distributed circumferentially, telescopic blocks that are radially telescopic relative to the fixing blocks, and power components that drive the telescopic blocks to extend or retract relative to the fixing blocks. One end of the power component is connected to the telescopic block, and the other end is connected to the corresponding fixing block. And at least two fixing positions located at different positions radially are provided on the same fixing block, and the fixing positions are used to connect with the power components; the tightening shield 2 includes a telescopically arranged tightening system 24, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic blocks in the tightening shield 2 is different from the telescopic direction of the tightening system 24.

[0048] As Figure 1 shown, a cutter head 6 is provided in front of the front shield 1.

[0049] During the specific setting process, the telescopic blocks and the fixing blocks can be arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and all the telescopic blocks can be driven by the power provided by the power components to extend or retract relative to the fixing blocks. Or the number of power components can be less than the number of fixing blocks, so that the downwardly arranged telescopic blocks extend or retract relative to the fixing blocks by gravity, or the same power component can drive multiple telescopic blocks to extend or retract relative to the fixing blocks at the same time, which is specifically determined according to the actual situation and will not be elaborated here.

[0050] In this specific embodiment, two fixing positions can be set in the same fixing block, or multiple fixing positions can be set, which is specifically determined according to the actual situation.

[0051] In the tightening shield 2, the setting position of the fixing block needs to avoid the setting of the tightening system 24, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic blocks in the tightening shield 2 needs to be different from the telescopic direction of the tightening system 24. The telescopic direction of the telescopic blocks in the tightening shield 2 can be perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the tightening system 24, or the included angle between the telescopic direction of the telescopic blocks in the tightening shield 2 and the telescopic direction of the tightening system 24 can be less than 90°, which is specifically determined according to the actual situation.

[0052] During the process of using the shield device provided by this specific embodiment, when it is necessary to increase the radial dimensions of the front shield 1 and the tightening shield 2, first, it is necessary to control one end of the power component to be connected to the fixing block, the other end of the power component to be connected to the telescopic block, and control the power component to drive the telescopic block to extend radially relative to the fixing block. During this process, the radial dimensions of the front shield 1 and the tightening shield 2 increase; when the power component extends to the maximum value and the radial dimensions of the front shield 1 and the tightening shield 2 still do not meet the requirements, the fixing position of the connection between the power component and the fixing part can be changed, and the power component can be connected to the fixing position farther away from the front shield 1 or farther away from the central axis of the tightening shield 2, and then control the power component to continue to drive the telescopic block to extend relative to the fixing block until the radial dimensions of the front shield 1 and the tightening shield 2 increase to the required size.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the shield device provided in this specific embodiment has a large diameter variation range, which can effectively expand the diameter variation range of the shield device to meet the tunneling requirements of tunnels with large radial dimension changes.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the fixing blocks include six front shield fixing blocks distributed along the circumference of the front shield 1. The six front shield fixing blocks include an upper fixing block 12, two upper side fixing blocks 14, two lower side fixing blocks 16, and a lower fixing block 18. An upper telescopic block 11 is correspondingly arranged on the upper fixing block 12, upper side telescopic blocks 13 are correspondingly arranged on the two upper side fixing blocks 14, lower side telescopic blocks 15 are correspondingly arranged on the two lower side fixing blocks 16, and the upper fixing block 12, upper side fixing blocks 14, and lower side fixing blocks 16 are all arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the telescopic blocks; two lower telescopic blocks 17 are correspondingly arranged on the lower fixing block 18, and the upper side fixing blocks 14, lower side fixing blocks 16, and lower fixing block 18 are all symmetrically arranged about the middle cross-section in the vertical direction of the front shield 1.

[0055] The upper fixing block 12, upper side fixing blocks 14, lower side fixing blocks 16, and lower fixing block 18 can be evenly arranged along the circumference of the front shield 1, or can be arranged in other ways, which is specifically determined according to the actual situation.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the telescopic block includes: a main body structure, which is telescopically arranged relative to the fixing block along the radial direction of the front shield 1 or the tensioning shield 2, and is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the fixing block; a housing structure, which is connected to the main body structure. The adjacent housing structures are arranged along the circumference of the front shield 1, and with the change of the radial dimension of the front shield 1, the adjacent housing structures always have an overlap in the circumferential direction.

[0057] During the specific use process, when the telescopic block extends relative to the fixing block, the circumferential dimension of the outer peripheral side surrounded by the outer peripheral structure of the telescopic block increases, which can make there always be an overlap between the adjacent housing structures in the circumferential direction, and can prevent debris from entering the front shield 1 or the tensioning shield 2.

[0058] Specifically, the housing structure can include: a middle fixing part, which is fixedly connected to the main body structure; a hinged overlapping block, which is rotatably arranged at the circumferential end of the middle fixing part; and at least one end of the two circumferential ends of the same middle fixing part is provided with a hinged overlapping block. One hinged overlapping block or multiple hinged overlapping blocks can be arranged at one circumferential end of the same middle fixing part, which is specifically determined according to the actual situation.

[0059] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the upper fixing block 12 is provided with an upper fixing block enlarged-diameter ear seat 121 and an upper fixing block enlarged-diameter front ear seat 122, and the upper fixing block enlarged-diameter front ear seat 122 intersects with the upper fixing block enlarged-diameter ear seat 121 closer to the central axis of the front shield 1; the upper side fixing block 14 is provided with an upper side fixing block enlarged-diameter ear seat 141 and an upper side fixing block enlarged-diameter front ear seat 142, and the upper side fixing block enlarged-diameter front ear seat 142 is closer to the central axis of the front shield 1 than the upper side fixing block enlarged-diameter ear seat 141; the lower side fixing block 16 is provided with a lower side fixing block enlarged-diameter ear seat 161 and a lower side fixing block enlarged-diameter front ear seat 162, and the lower side fixing block enlarged-diameter front ear seat 162 is closer to the central axis of the front shield 1 than the lower side fixing block enlarged-diameter ear seat 161; the lower fixing block 18 is not provided with an ear seat. When the lower telescopic block 17 needs to extend relative to the lower fixing block 18, the front shield 1 can be lifted, and the lower telescopic block 17 extends out of the lower fixing block 18 under the action of gravity, and a support block 4 is provided to prevent the lower telescopic block 17 from retracting relative to the lower fixing block 18; when the lower telescopic block 17 needs to retract relative to the lower fixing block 18, under the self-gravity of the front shield 1, the lower telescopic block 17 retracts relative to the lower fixing block 18.

[0060] Of course, multiple ear seats can also be provided on the lower fixing block 18, and an oil cylinder can be used to push the lower telescopic block 17 to extend or retract relative to the lower fixing block 18, which is specifically determined according to the actual situation.

[0061] In order to prevent the telescopic block arranged downward from retracting relative to the fixing block, a clamping position can be provided on both the telescopic block arranged downward and the corresponding fixing block, and the clamping position is used to place the support block 4 to prevent the telescopic block arranged downward from retracting relative to the fixing block.

[0062] In order to use different lengths for the telescopic block to extend relative to the fixing block, multiple support blocks 4 with different sizes can be prepared in advance.

[0063] As Figure 5 shown, the upper telescopic block 11 includes an upper telescopic block hinged overlapping block 111, an upper telescopic block ear seat 112, and an upper telescopic block middle fixing part 113. Both circumferential ends of the upper telescopic block middle fixing part 113 are hingedly connected with the upper telescopic block hinged overlapping block 111. The upper telescopic ear seat is used to connect the power component.

[0064] Specifically, a locking component can be provided at the connection between the middle fixing part and the hinged overlapping block to lock and fix the hinged overlapping block relative to the middle fixing part; after the upper telescopic block hinged overlapping block 111 rotates to a suitable angle relative to the upper telescopic block middle fixing part 113, the upper telescopic block hinged overlapping block 111 can be fixed relative to the upper telescopic block middle fixing part 113 by adjusting the locking component.

[0065] The locking component can be a locking screw or other locking structures, which is specifically determined according to the actual situation.

[0066] In this specific embodiment, the locking member can be set such that the hinged overlapping block is fixed to any angle relative to the intermediate fixing portion to achieve stepless adjustment.

[0067] As Figure 6 shown, the upper telescopic block 13 includes a fixed overlapping block 131, an upper telescopic block ear seat 132, an upper telescopic block intermediate fixing portion 133, and an upper telescopic block hinged overlapping block 134. Among them, the fixed overlapping block 131 is fixedly connected to one end of the upper telescopic block intermediate fixing portion 133, the upper telescopic block hinged overlapping block 134 is hingedly connected to the other end of the upper telescopic block intermediate fixing portion 133, and the upper telescopic block ear seat 132 is used to connect the power member.

[0068] The power member mentioned in this application document can be a power structure such as an oil cylinder or a cylinder, or other structures that meet the requirements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0069] During the use of the shield device as Figures 3-6 shown, the steps for the front shield 1 to expand its diameter are as follows:

[0070] In the initial stage, the fixed end and the telescopic end of the front shield diameter-expanding telescopic oil cylinder 19 are respectively connected to the front ear seat before diameter expansion and the telescopic block ear seat. Specifically, for the upper sub-block, the front shield diameter-expanding telescopic oil cylinder 19 is connected between the upper telescopic block ear seat 112 and the upper fixed block front ear seat before diameter expansion 122. For the upper side sub-block, the front shield diameter-expanding telescopic oil cylinder 19 is connected between the upper side telescopic block ear seat 132 and the upper side fixed block front ear seat before diameter expansion 142. For the lower side sub-block, the front shield diameter-expanding telescopic oil cylinder 19 is connected between the lower side telescopic block 15 ear seat and the lower side fixed block diameter-expanding ear seat 161. In this specific embodiment, there is no connection between the lower telescopic block 17 and the lower fixed block 18 with the front shield diameter-expanding telescopic oil cylinder 19. The front shield diameter-expanding telescopic oil cylinder 19 extends, driving each telescopic block to extend. Among them, the lower telescopic block 17 automatically extends under its own gravity, and the telescopic block and the fixed block are connected by means of a guide post to ensure the direction of extension. When the telescopic amount of the front shield diameter-expanding telescopic oil cylinder 19 reaches the maximum value, the end of the front shield diameter-expanding telescopic oil cylinder 19 connected to the upper fixed block front ear seat before diameter expansion 122, the upper side fixed block front ear seat before diameter expansion 142, and the lower side fixed block front ear seat before diameter expansion 162 is changed to the upper fixed block diameter-expanding ear seat 121, the upper side fixed block diameter-expanding ear seat 141, and the lower side fixed block 16 diameter-expanding ear seat. And so on. After the replacement is completed, continue to control the front shield diameter-expanding telescopic oil cylinder 19 to extend, so that the front shield 1 meets the large-size diameter-expanding requirements.

[0071] Before diameter expansion, the upper telescopic block articulated latching blocks 111 at both ends of the middle fixing part 113 of the upper telescopic block are respectively latched with the fixed latching blocks 131, and the upper side telescopic block articulated latching block 134 is latched with the fixed latching block 131 of the lower side telescopic block 15. At this time, the circumferential coverage size between the adjacent articulated latching blocks and the fixed latching blocks 131 is relatively large. As the diameter expansion progresses, since the articulated latching blocks can rotate at the joints, it can be ensured that the articulated latching blocks are always latched with the fixed latching blocks 131, only the mutual coverage area becomes smaller.

[0072] Both the telescopic blocks arranged downward and their corresponding fixed blocks are provided with latching positions for placing the support blocks 4 to prevent the telescopic blocks arranged downward from retracting relative to the fixed blocks; under the action of gravity, the two lower telescopic blocks 17 automatically complete the telescoping. When the entire diameter-changing process is completed, place the support blocks 4 between the lower telescopic blocks 17 and the lower fixed blocks 18 to make the lower segmented shield body no longer move relatively, as Figure 4 shown.

[0073] After the entire diameter expansion process is completed, a dust-proof plate 5 is arranged circumferentially along the end face of the shield body after diameter expansion to prevent debris from entering the shield body.

[0074] When retracting from the large diameter to the initial state, the front shield diameter expansion telescopic oil cylinder 19 can be controlled to retract, driving the telescopic block to retract relative to the fixed block to the small diameter state. Then, the end of the front shield diameter expansion telescopic oil cylinder 19 connected to the upper fixed block diameter expansion ear seat 121, the upper side fixed block diameter expansion ear seat 141, and the lower side fixed block 16 diameter expansion ear seat is switched to the upper fixed block diameter expansion front ear seat 122, the upper side fixed block diameter expansion front ear seat 142, and the lower side fixed block diameter expansion front ear seat 162. After the replacement is completed, continue to control the front shield diameter expansion telescopic oil cylinder 19 to retract and remove the support blocks 4. Under the action of gravity, the lower telescopic blocks 17 retract into the lower fixed blocks 18; the front shield 1 retracts to the initial state.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the tightening system 24 includes a first support shoe 241, a second support shoe 245, and a support shoe oil cylinder 244. The first support shoe 241 is provided with a first guide post, the second support shoe 245 is provided with a second guide post, one end of the support shoe oil cylinder 244 is detachably installed on the first guide post, and the other end of the support shoe oil cylinder 244 is detachably installed on the second guide post; installation spaces for placing cushion blocks are arranged in both the first guide post and the second guide post.

[0076] The fixed blocks in the tightening shield 2 include a top fixed block 22 and a bottom fixed block 26, and the telescopic blocks include a top telescopic block 21 that is telescopically arranged relative to the top fixed block 22 and a bottom telescopic block 25 that is telescopic relative to the bottom fixed block 26, as Figure 8As shown, the bottom expansion blocks 25 are two symmetrically distributed blocks. The top fixed block 22 is arranged at the upper part of the tightening system 24, and the bottom fixed block 26 is arranged at the lower part of the tightening system 24; and the expansion direction of the expansion block corresponding to the top fixed block 22 is set perpendicular to the expansion direction of the tightening system 24.

[0077] As Figure 2 shown, the top fixed block 22 is provided with a large-diameter expanded ear seat 221 and a small-diameter expanded ear seat 222, and the large-diameter expanded ear seat 221 is farther from the central axis of the tightening shield 2 than the small-diameter expanded ear seat 222. Specifically, the large-diameter expanded ear seat 221 can be fixedly connected to the top fixed block 22 by bolts and installed during large-diameter expansion. Of course, the large-diameter expanded ear seat 221 can also be non-removably installed on the top fixed block 22, which is determined according to the actual situation.

[0078] As Figure 9 shown, the top expansion block 21 includes a top expansion block intermediate fixing part 211, a top expansion block hinged overlapping block 212, and a connecting rod 213; one end of the connecting rod 213 is connected to the top expansion block intermediate fixing part 211 or the main structure, and the other end of the connecting rod 213 is connected to the top expansion block hinged overlapping block 212. And the top expansion block hinged overlapping block 212 is provided with a plurality of installation positions in the circumferential direction for connecting the connecting rod 213. By adjusting the connecting rod 213 at different installation positions on the top expansion block hinged overlapping block 212, the position of the top expansion block hinged overlapping block 212 can be adjusted.

[0079] During the use of the shield device as Figures 7-10 shown, the expansion steps of the tightening shield 2 are as follows:

[0080] At the beginning of expansion, one end of the jacking oil cylinder 23 is connected to the top expansion block 21, and the other end is connected to the small-diameter expanded ear seat 222. The jacking oil cylinder 23 extends to make the top shield start to expand. When the jacking oil cylinder 23 extends to the maximum amount, the large-diameter expanded ear seat 221 is installed, and at the same time, one end of the jacking oil cylinder 23 is connected to the large-diameter expanded ear seat 221, and then the jacking oil cylinder 23 extends to achieve the purpose of large-diameter expansion;

[0081] For the tightening system 24, when expanding the diameter, the support shoe oil cylinder 244 extends, causing the left support shoe and the right support shoe to extend relatively. When a large-diameter expansion is required, first retract the support shoe oil cylinder 244. At this time, there is no fixed connection between the support shoe oil cylinder 244 and the left and right support shoes. Instead, a plug-in type guide post connection method is adopted. Therefore, when the support shoe oil cylinder 244 retracts, the left and right support shoes will not retract accordingly. After the support shoe oil cylinder 244 is completed, place the first cushion block 242 and the second cushion block 243 on the gap formed between the support shoe oil cylinder 244 and the left and right support shoes, or change the number of cushion blocks according to actual requirements and fix the first cushion block 242 and the second cushion block 243. At this time, extend the support shoe oil cylinder 244, and the left and right support shoes will continue to extend, thus achieving the purpose of large-diameter expansion.

[0082] For the bottom of the tightening shield 2, during the diameter expansion process, the bottom expansion block 25 automatically extends under the action of gravity. After the diameter expansion is completed, place the support block 4 between the bottom expansion block 25 and the bottom fixed block 26, as Figure 8 shown, so that the bottom segmented shield body does not move relatively.

[0083] During the diameter expansion process, the position of the connecting rod 213 at the hinge overlap block 212 of the top expansion block can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the position of the hinge overlap block 212 of the top expansion block, so that the top expansion block 21 can always be close to the tunnel wall to prevent rock slag from falling and play a protective role;

[0084] After the diameter expansion of the tightening shield 2 is completed, arrange the front dust-proof baffle 28 and the rear dust-proof baffle 29 circumferentially above the end face after the diameter expansion of the tightening shield 2 to prevent debris from entering the shield body; at the same time, arrange a circle of dust-proof scraping plates 27 circumferentially on the end face of the outer shell of the tightening shield 2.

[0085] In addition to the above shield device, the present invention also provides a tunneling machine including the shield device disclosed in the above embodiment. For the structures of other parts of this tunneling machine, please refer to the prior art and will not be elaborated herein.

[0086] The "first" and "second" in the first cushion block 242 and the second cushion block 243, the first support shoe 241 and the second support shoe 245 mentioned in this application document are only for distinguishing different positions and do not have a sequential order.

[0087] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Any combination method of all the embodiments provided by the present invention is within the protection scope of this invention and will not be elaborated herein.

[0088] The above has introduced in detail a shield device and a tunneling machine provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield device, comprising a front shield (1), a telescopic shield (3) and a tightening shield (2); characterized in that, Both the front shield (1) and the tensioning shield (2) are provided with at least two fixing blocks distributed circumferentially, telescopic blocks that are radially telescopic relative to the fixing blocks along the front shield (1) or the tensioning shield (2), and power members that drive the telescopic blocks to extend or retract relative to the fixing blocks. One end of the power member is connected to the telescopic block, and the other end is connected to the corresponding fixing block. At least two fixing positions located at different positions radially are provided on the same fixing block, and the fixing positions are used for connecting the power members; The tensioning shield (2) includes a telescopically arranged tensioning system (24), and the telescopic direction of the telescopic block in the tensioning shield (2) is different from the telescopic direction of the tensioning system (24); The telescopic block includes: A main body structure, which is telescopically arranged relative to the fixing block along the radial direction of the front shield (1) or the tensioning shield (2), and is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the fixing block; A housing structure, which is connected to the main body structure. Adjacent housing structures are arranged along the circumferential direction of the front shield (1), and adjacent housing structures always have an overlap in the circumferential direction as the radial dimension of the front shield (1) changes; The housing structure includes: An intermediate fixing part, which is fixedly connected to the main body structure; An articulated overlapping block, which is rotatably arranged at the circumferential end of the intermediate fixing part; And at least one end of the two circumferential ends of the same intermediate fixing part is provided with the articulated overlapping block; The number of the power members is less than the number of the telescopic blocks, and the telescopic blocks arranged downward extend or retract relative to the corresponding fixing blocks by gravity.

2. The shield device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A locking member is arranged at the connection between the intermediate fixing part and the articulated overlapping block to lock and fix the articulated overlapping block relative to the intermediate fixing part; And / or, the telescopic block includes a connecting rod (213). One end of the connecting rod (213) is connected to the intermediate fixing part or the main body structure, and the other end of the connecting rod (213) is connected to the articulated overlapping block. A plurality of mounting positions are arranged along the circumferential direction of the articulated overlapping block, and the mounting positions are used for connecting the connecting rod (213).

3. The shield device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the telescopic block arranged downward and the corresponding fixing block are provided with clamping positions, and the clamping positions are used for placing a support block (4) to prevent the telescopic block arranged downward from retracting relative to the fixing block.

4. The shield device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The fixing position is an ear seat arranged on the fixing block; And / or, a dust-proof plate (5) is arranged along the circumferential direction of the front shield (1). A front dust-proof baffle (28) and a rear dust-proof baffle (29) are arranged on the upper part of the tensioning shield (2). A dust scraping plate (27) is arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer shell of the tensioning shield (2) to prevent debris from entering the front shield (1) and the tensioning shield (2).

5. The shield device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that The tightening system (24) includes a first support shoe (241), a second support shoe (245), and a support shoe oil cylinder (244). The first support shoe (241) is provided with a first guide post, the second support shoe (245) is provided with a second guide post, one end of the support shoe oil cylinder (244) is detachably installed on the first guide post, and the other end of the support shoe oil cylinder (244) is detachably installed on the second guide post; Installation spaces for placing cushion blocks are provided in both the first guide post and the second guide post.

6. The shield device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The fixed blocks include six front shield fixed blocks circumferentially distributed along the front shield (1), a top fixed block (22) and a bottom fixed block (26) provided on the tightening shield (2). The top fixed block (22) is arranged at the upper part of the tightening system (24), and the bottom fixed block (26) is arranged at the lower part of the tightening system (24); and the telescopic direction of the telescopic block corresponding to the top fixed block (22) is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the tightening system (24).

7. A roadheader, characterized in that, It includes the shield device according to any one of claims 1-6.

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