An experimental device and method for cumulative damage of blasting vibration

Abstract

The present invention discloses a blasting vibration cumulative damage test device, which includes a fixing component and a bearing component. Among them, the fixing component includes a fixing frame and a fixture mechanism, and the bearing component includes a test base and a leg mechanism. The fixture mechanism can fix the test block. The fixing frame is connected to the test base, and the test base provides stable support for the test block and the fixing component. The test block and the test base are fixed at the test site by using the leg mechanism. Specifically, the fixing rod is inserted into the tunnel rock and soil layer to further improve the stability of the test base. The length of the telescopic rod can be adjusted to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the leg mechanism to ensure the stability of the test base and the test block, providing guarantee for the smooth progress of the test and improving the accuracy of the test results. The present invention also provides a blasting vibration cumulative damage test method. On the premise of avoiding damage to the tunnel lining structure, the fixing effect of the test block is enhanced by using the fixing component, and the layout stability of the test block is ensured by the bearing component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of tunnel engineering and blasting engineering, and particularly relates to a blasting vibration cumulative damage test device and method. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of railways and highways in mountainous areas, it is inevitable to cross mountains and a large number of tunnels need to be built.

[0003] Blasting is the main method for excavating rock tunnels. While facilitating, economical, and fast construction, the blasting stress wave will inevitably have a dynamic impact on the surrounding rock of the tunnel. Natural rock masses themselves have certain defects (such as fissures or structural planes). At the same time, the secondary stress after blasting excavation will cause tiny fissures to form inside the surrounding rock and develop deeper (i.e., the loosening zone). The stress wave generated by the subsequent blasting advancement of the tunnel will inevitably cause further changes in the rock fissures, resulting in the deterioration of the mechanical properties of the rock mass, a decrease in bearing capacity, and further affecting the safety of tunnel construction. It should be noted that in actual tunnel excavation, the rock-breaking blasting operation generally continues throughout the construction period of the entire tunnel. This means that as the tunnel face continuously advances forward, the rock mass will be subjected to multiple and frequent blasting disturbances. Due to the cyclic tensile-compressive action of the blasting stress wave, the law of cumulative damage of the surrounding rock during blasting is completely different from the damage law under single blasting. Therefore, obtaining the law of cumulative damage of the surrounding rock under multiple blasts can provide a theoretical basis and data support for the rapid and safe construction of tunnels, and has very important engineering significance.

[0004] In the prior art, the research methods for the cumulative effect of blasting vibration on the surrounding rock of tunnels can be divided into three categories: indoor shaking table tests, on-site acoustic wave tests of damaged surrounding rock, and numerical simulations. Among them, limited by the characteristics of the shaking table itself, the vibration wave provided by the shaking table test is a typical steady-state wave, rather than a blasting seismic wave, which is a complex transient wave. At the same time, the waveform provided by the shaking table cannot reflect the characteristics that the distance and magnitude of the blasting load in actual engineering change continuously as the tunnel excavation progresses; although the numerical simulation of the cumulative damage of the tunnel surrounding rock can achieve consistency with the actual blasting stress wave, whether its simulation results are effective still highly depends on the rock dynamic mechanical model of the surrounding rock, and at the same time, its simulation results also need to be verified by model tests. Therefore, on-site tests are the most effective method to reflect the real situation.

[0005] At present, the commonly used on-site acoustic wave testing method has certain authenticity and superiority. However, since it is difficult to obtain the surrounding rock mass after lining, the testing target can only obtain the wave velocity of the rock mass, and other parameters of the rock mass cannot be studied. At the same time, the acoustic wave testing method requires drilling holes in the tunnel lining and penetrating a certain depth into the surrounding rock, which will inevitably affect the waterproof performance and overall performance of the tunnel lining. This makes it have certain practical difficulties in the actual engineering implementation of the acoustic wave testing method. Therefore, whether an effective cumulative damage test of the rock mass can be carried out based on the actual blasting source is a very worthy issue to explore.

[0006] At present, in the blasting cumulative damage test based on the on-site blasting source, only Hunan University of Science and Technology has carried out relevant tests on the newly cast concrete of the secondary lining. Its research only directly places the test blocks at different positions in the tunnel. However, there are the following problems in this test: First, the test blocks are pasted on the ground with gypsum. Due to the limited bonding force, it can only be carried out at a certain distance from the blasting source, and the blasting vibration waves in the near zone cannot be effectively utilized. At the same time, after multiple blasts, it is difficult to ensure the fixing effect of the test blocks. Once the test blocks become loose, it will inevitably affect the test results. In addition, the special environment inside the tunnel is not suitable for installing sensors, and it is difficult to fix the sensors in the loose rock and soil medium, and the uneven ground cannot ensure the levelness of the test blocks, thus affecting the test results.

[0007] Therefore, how to solve the current situation in the prior art that the cumulative effect test of blasting vibration on the tunnel surrounding rock cannot take into account both the tunnel lining structure and the accuracy of the test results has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a blasting vibration cumulative damage test device and method based on the blasting construction site vibration source in the tunnel, which effectively solves the problems of the mismatch between the vibration wave of the shaking table test and the actual blasting stress wave, the limited data types obtained by on-site acoustic wave testing technology, and the serious dependence of numerical simulation on experiments and tests in the existing blasting cumulative damage test. On the premise of not damaging the tunnel lining structure, the accuracy of the test results of the cumulative effect of blasting vibration on the tunnel surrounding rock is improved. The present invention can realize the blasting vibration cumulative damage test of multiple groups of test blocks under the action of the same blasting stress wave at the designed blasting distance. In the device and method of the present invention, the blasting vibration wave is consistent with the actual working condition, not restricted by the harsh test environment, effectively reducing the influence of environmental factors on the test. At the same time, after the test blocks are vibrated, various mechanical parameter tests can be continued according to the needs, and the amount of soil excavation during the device layout is small or no excavation is required, which has little impact on the on-site engineering environment.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a blasting vibration cumulative damage test device, including:

[0010] A fixing component, the fixing component includes a fixing frame and a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism is connected to the fixing frame, and the clamping mechanism can fix the test block;

[0011] A bearing component, the bearing component includes a test base and a leg mechanism, the leg mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the test base, the leg mechanism includes a fixed rod and a telescopic rod, one end of the fixed rod can be inserted into the tunnel rock and soil layer, the other end of the fixed rod is connected to the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod connects the fixed rod and the test base, the length of the telescopic rod can be adjusted, and the fixed frame is arranged on the test base.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes at least two baffles, the baffles are L-shaped, and the baffles are slidably arranged on the fixed frame.

[0013] Preferably, the number of the baffles is four, every two adjacent baffles are symmetrically arranged, and the four baffles enclose a rectangle.

[0014] Preferably, the fixed frame includes a frame and a connecting rod, the connecting rod is slidably connected to the frame, the frame is detachably connected to the test base, and the baffle is slidably arranged on the connecting rod.

[0015] Preferably, the frame and the connecting rod both have sliding grooves, the connecting rod and the baffle are respectively connected with sliders, and the sliders are slidably arranged in the sliding grooves.

[0016] Preferably, the frame is bolted to the test base by angle pieces, the angle pieces are L-shaped structures, the angle pieces have bolt holes, and the bolt holes are waist-shaped holes;

[0017] The number of the connecting rods is multiple, and the number of the clamping mechanisms is multiple groups.

[0018] Preferably, one end of the fixed rod away from the telescopic rod has a fixed head, the fixed head is a conical structure, the telescopic rod is detachably connected to the test base and the connection position can be adjusted, and the number of the leg mechanisms is at least three groups.

[0019] Preferably, a blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor and a level are further arranged on the test base, and the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor is detachably connected to the test base.

[0020] The present invention also provides a blasting vibration cumulative damage test method, which uses the above-mentioned blasting vibration cumulative damage test device, and is characterized in that:

[0021] Step 1: Select a test site;

[0022] Step 2: Insert the fixed rod into the tunnel rock and soil mass. The insertion depth is determined by the test plan. Adjust the telescopic rod to the height determined by the test plan and level the test bench.

[0023] Step 3: Fix the test block using the fixture mechanism and conduct a blasting vibration cumulative damage test on the test block based on the blasting construction vibration source at the tunnel site.

[0024] Preferably, the test block is made of rock mass, soil mass, and concrete.

[0025] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art: The blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention includes a fixing component and a bearing component. Among them, the fixing component includes a fixing frame and a fixture mechanism. The fixture mechanism is connected to the fixing frame and can fix the test block. The bearing component includes a test bench and a leg mechanism. The leg mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the test bench. The leg mechanism includes a fixed rod and a telescopic rod. One end of the fixed rod can be inserted into the tunnel rock and soil layer. The other end of the fixed rod is connected to the telescopic rod. The telescopic rod connects the fixed rod and the test bench, and the length of the telescopic rod can be adjusted. The fixing frame is arranged on the test bench.

[0026] For the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device based on the blasting construction vibration source at the tunnel site of the present invention, the fixture mechanism can fix the test block. The fixing frame is connected to the test bench. The test bench provides stable support for the test block and the fixing component. The leg mechanism is used to fix the test block and the test bench at the test site. Specifically, the fixed rod is inserted into the tunnel rock and soil layer to further improve the stability of the test bench. The length of the telescopic rod can be adjusted to facilitate adjusting the height of the leg mechanism to ensure the stability of the test bench and the test block, providing guarantee for the smooth progress of the test and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0027] The present invention also provides a method for conducting a blasting vibration cumulative damage test. Using the above-mentioned blasting vibration cumulative damage test device, insert the fixed rod into the tunnel rock and soil mass to a certain depth, adjust the height of the telescopic rod, level the test bench. After fixing the test block, conduct a blasting vibration cumulative damage test on the test block based on the blasting construction vibration source at the tunnel site. The present invention enhances the fixing effect of the test block using the fixing component and ensures the layout stability of the test block using the bearing component on the premise of avoiding damage to the tunnel lining structure, improving the accuracy of the test results. The present invention effectively solves the problems in the existing blasting cumulative damage test, such as the mismatch between the vibration wave of the shaking table test and the actual blasting stress wave, the limited types of data obtained from on-site acoustic wave testing, and the heavy dependence of numerical simulation on experiments and testing. Description of the Drawings

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connecting rod of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of the corner fitting of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of the slider of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test method of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test method of the present invention.

[0035] Among them, 100 is a fixing component, and 200 is a bearing component;

[0036] 1 is a fixing frame, 2 is a fixture mechanism, 3 is a test base, 4 is a leg mechanism, 5 is a fixing rod, 6 is a telescopic rod, 7 is a baffle, 8 is a frame, 9 is a connecting rod, 10 is a slider, 11 is a corner fitting, 12 is a blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor, and 13 is a level. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a blasting vibration cumulative damage test device and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and improve the accuracy of the test results of the cumulative effect of blasting vibration on tunnel surrounding rock without damaging the tunnel lining structure.

[0039] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1-6 , wherein Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connecting rod of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention, Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the corner piece of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention, Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the slider of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test method of the present invention, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test method of the present invention.

[0041] The present invention provides a blasting vibration cumulative damage test device, which includes a fixing component 100 and a bearing component 200. Among them, the fixing component 100 includes a fixing frame 1 and a fixture mechanism 2. The fixture mechanism 2 is connected to the fixing frame 1, and the fixture mechanism 2 can fix the test block. The bearing component 200 includes a test base 3 and a leg mechanism 4. The leg mechanism 4 is arranged at the bottom of the test base 3. The axis of the leg mechanism 4 is perpendicular to the test base 3. The leg mechanism 4 includes a fixed rod 5 and a telescopic rod 6. One end of the fixed rod 5 can be inserted into the tunnel rock and soil layer. The other end of the fixed rod 5 is connected to the telescopic rod 6. The telescopic rod 6 connects the fixed rod 5 and the test base 3. The length of the telescopic rod 6 can be adjusted. The fixing frame 1 is arranged on the test base 3.

[0042] In the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention, the fixture mechanism 2 can fix the test block. The fixing frame 1 is connected to the test base 3. The test base 3 provides stable support for the test block and the fixing component 100. The test block and the test base 3 are fixed at the test site by using the leg mechanism 4. Specifically, the fixed rod 5 is inserted into the tunnel rock and soil layer to further improve the stability of the test base 3. The length of the telescopic rod 6 can be adjusted to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the leg mechanism 4 to ensure the stability of the test base 3 and the test block, providing guarantee for the smooth progress of the test and improving the accuracy of the test results. On the premise of avoiding damage to the tunnel lining structure, the present invention enhances the fixing effect of the test block by using the fixing component 100, and the bearing component 200 ensures the layout stability of the test block, improving the accuracy of the test results. The present invention effectively solves the problems in the existing blasting cumulative damage test, such as the mismatch between the vibration wave of the shaking table test and the actual blasting stress wave, the limited types of data obtained by on-site acoustic wave testing technology, and the heavy dependence of numerical simulation on experiments and tests.

[0043] Among them, the fixture mechanism 2 includes at least two baffle plates 7. The baffle plates 7 are L-shaped. When two baffle plates 7 are provided, the two baffle plates 7 are arranged on the diagonal line of the test block to fix the test block and ensure that the test block meets the test conditions. The baffle plates 7 are slidably arranged on the fixed frame 1, and the relative position between the baffle plates 7 and the fixed frame 1 is adjusted to adapt to test blocks of different specifications, improving the flexible adaptability of the fixture mechanism 2.

[0044] In this specific embodiment, the number of baffle plates 7 is four. Every two adjacent baffle plates 7 are symmetrically arranged, and the four baffle plates 7 enclose a rectangle, further improving the stability of the test block and providing convenient conditions for the smooth progress of the test. In other specific embodiments of the present invention, the shape and number of the baffle plates 7 can be determined according to the shape specifications of the test block to meet different test requirements and improve the flexible adaptability of the device.

[0045] Specifically, the fixed frame 1 includes a frame 8 and connecting rods 9. The connecting rods 9 are slidably connected to the frame 8, facilitating the adjustment of the position in cooperation with the baffle plates 7. The frame 8 is detachably connected to the test bench 3. The baffle plates 7 are slidably arranged on the connecting rods 9. On the premise of providing stable support for the connecting rods 9, the frame 8 also plays the role of the limit positions of the baffle plates 7 and the connecting rods 9. The shape of the frame 8 can be set according to the specific structure of the test block and the fixture mechanism 2. In this specific embodiment, the frame 8 is rectangular. It should be noted here that the test bench 3 can be made of a density board with a length of 1.5 m, a width of 1.2 m, and a thickness of 1.6 cm. The frame 8 and the connecting rods 9 can be made of aluminum profiles, with high strength and small mass.

[0046] In order to improve the reciprocating motion accuracy of the connecting rods 9 and the baffle plates 7, both the frame 8 and the connecting rods 9 have sliding grooves. The connecting rods 9 and the baffle plates 7 are respectively connected with sliders 10. The sliders 10 are slidably arranged in the sliding grooves. The connecting rods 9 and the baffle plates 7 are connected to the sliders 10 by bolts. The bolts are threadedly connected to the sliders 10. After adjusting to the appropriate position, the sliders 10 can also be fixed in the sliding grooves by bolts to lock the sliders 10 and prevent the test block from being displaced and shaken during the test.

[0047] More specifically, the frame 8 is bolted to the test bench 3 by angle pieces 11. The connection is firm and the disassembly and assembly are convenient. The angle pieces 11 are L-shaped structures. The angle pieces 11 have bolt holes, and the bolt holes are waist-shaped holes, reducing the assembly difficulty and facilitating the adjustment of the connection position.

[0048] In order to further improve the accuracy of the test results, the number of connecting rods 9 is multiple, and the number of fixture mechanisms 2 is multiple. During a single test process, multiple test blocks can be set to obtain multiple groups of test data, ensuring the accuracy of the test results to the greatest extent.

[0049] Further, one end of the fixed rod 5 away from the telescopic rod 6 has a fixed head, which is a conical structure, so that the fixed rod 5 can be smoothly driven into the rock and soil layer of the tunnel. The telescopic rod 6 is detachably connected to the test base 3 and the connection position can be adjusted, which is convenient for adjusting the height of the test base 3 and leveling the test base 3. The number of the leg mechanisms 4 is at least three groups, and the appropriate number of leg mechanisms 4 can be selected according to different test sites and the setting of the direction of the test base 3, etc., so as to enhance the stability of the device. It should be explained here that when three leg mechanisms 4 are set, the axes of the three leg mechanisms 4 are not coplanar.

[0050] In addition, a blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 and a level 13 are also arranged on the test base 3. The blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 is detachably connected to the test base 3. The blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 can obtain test data, and the level is convenient for leveling the test base 3. The blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 can be fixed on the test base 3 by using gypsum, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly and can be used for multiple tests. The thickness of the gypsum is 0.5 cm - 1 cm. The specific operation is to set paste gypsum between the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 and the test base 3. After the gypsum dries, the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 can be fixed on the test base 3. The mass ratio of gypsum to water is 1:1 - 2:1.

[0051] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a blasting vibration cumulative damage test method, which uses the above-mentioned blasting vibration cumulative damage test device, and is characterized in that:

[0052] Step 1: Select a test site;

[0053] Step 2: Insert the fixed rod 5 into the rock and soil body of the tunnel. The insertion depth is determined by the test plan. Adjust the telescopic rod 6 to the height determined by the test plan and level the test base 3;

[0054] Step 3: Fix the test block by using the fixture mechanism 2, and conduct a blasting vibration cumulative damage test on the test block based on the blasting construction vibration source at the tunnel site.

[0055] After completing the number of blasting vibration times set in the test plan, take out the test block and conduct the next parameter test according to the test plan, such as acoustic wave test, triaxial test, etc., and record the test data.

[0056] In this specific embodiment, the test block is made of rock, soil and concrete, and the test block can be made into a cube or a cuboid shape, etc.

[0057] On the premise of avoiding damage to the tunnel lining structure, the present invention enhances the fixing effect of the test block by using the fixing component 100, and the bearing component 200 ensures the layout stability of the test block, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0058] In the following specific implementation manners, the blasting vibration cumulative damage test method of the present invention will be further explained and described.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] The blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention can be obliquely placed in front of the tunnel face, and the leg mechanism 4 is installed according to the Figure 5 drilling positions shown, and the leg mechanism 4 is inserted into the soft soil layer to fix the device. Figure 5 The placement method shown can allow the test specimen to receive stress waves in the diagonal direction and measure the damage caused when the test specimen is affected by the stress waves.

[0061] The specific operation steps of the blasting vibration cumulative damage test method of this embodiment are as follows:

[0062] (1) Select a position at a certain distance from the tunnel face in the tunnel as the blasting cumulative effect test site, place the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device parallel to the tunnel face, and install four groups of leg mechanisms 4 according to the Figure 5 drilling positions shown and insert the fixing rod 5 into the soft soil layer.

[0063] (2) Determine the height of the test base 3 and adjust the plate to be horizontal, and tighten the telescopic rod 6;

[0064] (3) Apply gypsum on the surface of the test base 3 and stir it evenly with water, place the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 on the gypsum, and let it stand until the gypsum dries. The blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 is fixed by the gypsum;

[0065] (4) Adjust the fixing assembly 100 according to the size and quantity of the test specimens;

[0066] (5) Place the pre-made test specimens on the test base 3 and fix the positions of the test specimens with the baffle 7;

[0067] (6) Connect to the network and initiate the detonation, conduct vibration tests through the blasting vibration measuring instrument, and obtain test data;

[0068] (7) After the vibration test is completed, remove the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 and scrape off the gypsum adhered to the surfaces of the test base 3 and the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12;

[0069] (8) Remove the structure for fixing the test specimens, remove the test base 3 and pull out the leg mechanism 4 from the soil body.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] The blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention can be horizontally placed in front of the tunnel face, and according to the Figure 6Install the outrigger mechanism 4 at the position of the shown borehole, and insert the outrigger mechanism 4 into the soft soil layer to fix the device. Figure 6 The shown placement method can make the front of the test specimen receive stress waves transmitted in the vertical direction and measure the damage condition of the specimen caused by the stress waves.

[0072] The blasting vibration cumulative damage test method of this embodiment specifically comprises the following operation steps:

[0073] (1) Select the location for blasting vibration measurement in the tunnel, horizontally place the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device of the present invention in front of the tunnel face, and install the outrigger mechanism 4 and insert the fixing rod 5 into the soft soil layer according to Figure 6 the position of the bored hole.

[0074] (2) Determine the height of the test base 3 and adjust the test base 3 to be horizontal, and tighten the telescopic rod 6;

[0075] (3) Apply gypsum on the surface of the test base 3 and stir it evenly with water, place the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 on the gypsum, and let it stand until the gypsum dries. The blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 is fixed by the gypsum;

[0076] (4) Place the pre-made test specimen on the test base 3 and fix the position of the specimen with the baffle 7;

[0077] (5) Connect to the network for detonation, conduct vibration tests through the blasting vibration measuring instrument, and obtain test data;

[0078] (6) After the vibration test is completed, remove the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12, and scrape off the gypsum adhering to the surfaces of the test base 3 and the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12;

[0079] (7) Remove the device for fixing the specimen, remove the test base 3, and pull out the outrigger mechanism 4 from the soil body.

[0080] In the present invention, the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 is arranged on the test foundation table 3 to measure the vibration signals of the rock and soil mass. The bearing unit has a simple structure. The blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 receives the vibration signals of the supporting leg mechanism 4 at a certain depth below the rock and soil mass, without the need for excavation or only a minimal amount of excavation. Compared with the method of arranging points directly on the surface of the rock and soil mass above the test point, the measuring points of the present invention will be more accurate, and the obtained test results can more accurately reflect the signals at the test point. At the same time, the method of arranging the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 on the test foundation table 3 can complete the arrangement of measuring points in the wild without other tools, and can also be more conveniently arranged in some environments that are difficult to adapt to the use conditions of the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 and are inconvenient to arrange, such as waterlogged tunnels, rock and soil masses, and the side walls of tunnels or rocks. In loose rock and soil mass media, such as strongly weathered rock masses and residual slope deposits, the problem of difficult fixation of the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 can be better solved. The horizontal and vertical directions can also be adjusted to make the test direction of the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor 12 more accurately reflect the true direction, and it is convenient for manual operation in the case of few tools in the wild.

[0081] Specific examples are used in the present invention to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A blasting vibration cumulative damage test device, characterized in that Comprising: A fixing component, the fixing component includes a fixing frame and a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism is connected to the fixing frame, and the clamping mechanism can fix the test block; A bearing component, the bearing component includes a test base and a leg mechanism, the leg mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the test base, the leg mechanism includes a fixed rod and a telescopic rod, one end of the fixed rod can be inserted into the tunnel rock and soil layer, the other end of the fixed rod is connected to the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod connects the fixed rod and the test base, the length of the telescopic rod can be adjusted, and the fixing frame is arranged on the test base; One end of the fixed rod away from the telescopic rod has a fixed head, the fixed head is a conical structure, the telescopic rod is detachably connected to the test base and the connection position can be adjusted, and the number of the leg mechanisms is at least three groups; A blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor and a level are also arranged on the test base, and the blasting vibration measuring instrument sensor is detachably connected to the test base.

2. The blasting vibration cumulative damage test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes at least two baffles, the baffles are L-shaped, and the baffles are slidably arranged on the fixing frame.

3. The blasting vibration cumulative damage test device according to claim 2, wherein: The number of the baffles is four, and every two adjacent baffles are symmetrically arranged, and the four baffles enclose a rectangle.

4. The blasting vibration cumulative damage test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing frame includes a frame and a connecting rod, the connecting rod is slidably connected to the frame, the frame is detachably connected to the test base, and the baffles are slidably arranged on the connecting rod.

5. The blasting vibration cumulative damage test device according to claim 4, wherein: Both the frame and the connecting rod have sliding grooves, and the connecting rod and the baffles are respectively connected with sliders, and the sliders are slidably arranged in the sliding grooves.

6. The blasting vibration cumulative damage test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frame is bolted to the test base by using angle pieces, the angle pieces are L-shaped structures, the angle pieces have bolt holes, and the bolt holes are waist-shaped holes; The number of the connecting rods is multiple, and the number of the clamping mechanisms is multiple.

7. A method for testing blasting vibration cumulative damage, using the blasting vibration cumulative damage test device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Step 1, select a test site; Step 2, insert the fixed rod into the tunnel rock and soil body, the insertion depth is determined by the test plan, adjust the telescopic rod to the height determined by the test plan, and level the test base; Step 3, use the clamping mechanism to fix the test block, and conduct a blasting vibration cumulative damage test on the test block based on the blasting construction vibration source at the tunnel site.

8. The blasting vibration cumulative damage test method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The test block is made of rock, soil and concrete.

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