Hybrid excitation axial magnetic field asymmetric stator tooth-spoke type permanent magnet motor

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hybrid excitation axial magnetic field asymmetric stator tooth spoke type permanent magnet motor of magnetic field flux switching motor technical field, the motor includes coaxial installation first rotor, second rotor and the stator between the first rotor and second rotor, first rotor, second rotor and stator are all salient pole topological structure, first rotor, second rotor all include rotor tooth and rotor back iron, stator includes first stator core, magnetic separation disc, second stator core.Permanent magnet in the application is arranged on rotor, improves torque density and power density, enhances the torque capacity of motor overload state, reduces motor tooth slot torque;Auxiliary slot is arranged on the surface of stator armature tooth, reduces the air gap magnetic flux density harmonic content of motor, reduces torque ripple;Double air gap symmetric structure can balance two sides axial magnetic pull, armature stator is divided into two parts using magnetic separation disc, realizes the decoupling of two stator magnetic circuit, reduces the saturation degree of magnetic circuit.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of magnetic field flux switching motor, and particularly relates to a hybrid excitation axial magnetic field asymmetric stator tooth spoke type permanent magnet motor. BACKGROUND

[0002] The stator permanent magnet type permanent magnet flux switching motor usually adopts a double salient structure, the armature winding and the permanent magnet are located on the stator, and the rotor is free of winding and permanent magnet, so that the motor has the advantages of high power density, high torque density, high efficiency and the like.

[0003] However, the stator permanent magnet type axial magnetic field flux switching motor, the permanent magnet located on the stator causes the armature winding slot area to be severely squeezed, the stator tooth magnetic circuit is seriously saturated, the motor air gap magnetic flux density harmonic content is increased, the air gap magnetic flux density sinusoidal degree is poor, and the motor winding copper loss and stator loss are sharply increased, which weakens the torque capacity of the motor under an overload state, the motor is seriously heated, and has an adverse effect on the service life and reliability of the motor. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the application is to provide a hybrid excitation axial magnetic field asymmetric stator tooth spoke type permanent magnet motor, so as to solve the problems of poor sinusoidal degree of the air gap magnetic field of the stator permanent magnet type hybrid excitation motor, high core loss, poor overload capacity and low heat dissipation efficiency in the background art.

[0005] The purpose of the application can be achieved by the following technical scheme.

[0006] A hybrid excitation axial magnetic field asymmetric stator tooth spoke type permanent magnet motor, the motor comprising coaxially installed first and second rotors and a stator located between the first and second rotors, the first and second rotors and the stator being of a salient pole topology, the first and second rotors each comprising a rotor tooth and a rotor back iron, and the stator comprising a first stator core, a magnetic separation disc and a second stator core.

[0007] Preferably, the stator has an air gap, and the first and second rotors are symmetrically arranged relative to the stator.

[0008] Preferably, the first and second stator cores are wound with armature windings and magnetic adjustment windings, and the first and second stator cores are symmetrically arranged relative to the magnetic separation disc.

[0009] Preferably, the rotor tooth comprises a first rotor pole, a second rotor pole and a permanent magnet, the axial heights of the first rotor pole, the second rotor pole and the permanent magnet are the same, the cross-sectional areas of the first rotor pole and the second rotor pole are the same, the first rotor pole and the second rotor pole are symmetrically arranged relative to the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet adopts a parallel permanent magnet structure and is magnetized in a tangential direction, and the permanent magnets on the first rotor and the second rotor are magnetized in the same direction.

[0010] Preferably, the rotor back iron comprises a rotor back iron core and a rotor back iron magnetic separation block, the rotor back iron core and the rotor back iron magnetic separation block are alternately arranged and uniformly and closely arranged along a circumference to form a circular ring shape.

[0011] Preferably, the rotor tooth is uniformly distributed along the circumference on the rotor back iron, the first rotor pole of the rotor tooth and the second rotor pole of the adjacent rotor tooth are fixed on the same rotor back iron core, and the permanent magnet is fixed on the rotor back iron magnetic separation block.

[0012] Preferably, the first stator core and the second stator core each comprise a stator core module, the stator core module comprises two end stator teeth, an intermediate stator tooth and a stator yoke portion, the two end stator teeth adopt a parallel tooth structure, the intermediate stator tooth adopts a composite tooth structure, an L-shaped stator slot is arranged between the intermediate stator tooth and the two end stator teeth, and the stator core modules are uniformly distributed along a circumference to form a circular ring shape and are fixed on the magnetic separation disc.

[0013] Preferably, the intermediate stator tooth comprises a first intermediate stator tooth pole, a second intermediate stator tooth pole and an intermediate stator tooth root portion, the first intermediate stator tooth pole and the second intermediate stator tooth pole adopt a sector tooth structure, a parallel intermediate stator tooth slot is arranged in the middle of the first intermediate stator tooth pole and the second intermediate stator tooth pole, an armature winding is arranged at the bottom of the stator slot and is wound on the intermediate stator tooth root portion, and an excitation winding is arranged at the upper portion of the stator slot and is cross-wound on the adjacent two end stator teeth of the adjacent two stator core modules.

[0014] Preferably, the first rotor pole, the second rotor pole, the rotor back iron core and the stator core module are made of silicon steel material and are laminated, the permanent magnet is made of a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, and the magnetic separation disc and the rotor back iron magnetic separation block are made of epoxy resin and are cast.

[0015] Preferably, the number of the first rotor pole, the second rotor pole and the permanent magnet is 12n±2k, the number of the rotor back iron core and the rotor back iron magnetic separation block is 6n±k, and the number of the magnetic adjustment winding, the armature winding and the stator core module is 12n, wherein n and k are positive integers.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0017] 1. In the present application, the permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor, thereby improving the torque density and the power density, enhancing the torque capacity of the motor under an overload state and reducing the motor tooth slot torque.

[0018] 2、The stator armature tooth surface of the application is provided with auxiliary grooves, which reduces the motor air gap magnetic flux harmonic content and reduces torque ripple;

[0019] 3、The double air gap symmetrical structure composed of double rotors and single stator in the application can balance the axial magnetic pull on both sides, the armature stator is divided into two parts by the magnetic separation disc, the decoupling of the two stator magnetic circuits is realized, the saturation degree of the magnetic circuit is reduced, and the fault tolerance operation ability of the motor is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the mixed excitation axial magnetic field asymmetric stator tooth spoke type permanent magnet motor of the application;

[0022] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the rotor tooth structure in the application;

[0023] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the rotor back iron structure in the application;

[0024] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the stator core module in the application;

[0025] Figure 5 is the permanent magnet magnetic flux path diagram when the rotor angle is alpha1 in the application;

[0026] Figure 6 is the permanent magnet magnetic flux path diagram when the rotor angle is alpha2 in the application;

[0027] Figure 7 is the magnetic flux path diagram in the magnetic enhancement state of the application;

[0028] Figure 8 is the magnetic flux path diagram in the demagnetization state of the application.

[0029] Fig. 1, first rotor; 2, second rotor; 3, stator; 4, rotor tooth; 4-1, first rotor pole; 4-2, second rotor pole; 4-3, permanent magnet; 5, rotor back iron; 5-1, rotor back iron core; 5-2, rotor back iron magnetic separation block; 6, first stator core; 7, magnetic separation disc; 8, second stator core; 9, magnet adjustment winding; 10, armature winding; 11, stator core module; 11-1, two-end stator tooth; 11-2, middle stator tooth; 11-3, stator yoke; 11-4, stator slot; 11-2-1, first middle stator tooth pole; 11-2-2, second middle stator tooth pole; 11-2-3, middle stator tooth root; 11-2-4, parallel middle stator tooth slot; 12, permanent magnet magnetic flux path when rotor angle is a1; 13, permanent magnet magnetic flux path when rotor angle is a2; 14, permanent magnet magnetic flux path in magnet enhancement state; 15, magnet adjustment magnetic flux path in magnet enhancement state; 16, permanent magnet magnetic flux path in demagnetization state; 17, magnet adjustment magnetic flux path in demagnetization state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a hybrid excitation axial magnetic field asymmetric stator tooth spoke type permanent magnet motor, the motor includes coaxially installed first rotor 1, second rotor 2 and located between the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 2 and the air gap of the stator 3, the first rotor 1, the second rotor 2 and the stator 3 are salient pole topology structure, the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 2 are symmetrically arranged relative to the stator 3;

[0032] The first rotor 1 and the second rotor 2 include rotor tooth 4 and rotor back iron 5;

[0033] The stator 3 includes first stator core 6, magnetic separation disc 7, second stator core 8 and armature winding 10 and magnet adjustment winding 9 wound on the first stator core 6 and the second stator core 8 respectively, the first stator core 6 and the second stator core 8 are fixed on both sides of the magnetic separation disc 7 and symmetrically arranged about the magnetic separation disc 7;

[0034] Please refer to Figure 2As shown, the rotor tooth 4 includes a first rotor pole 4-1, a second rotor pole 4-2 and a permanent magnet 4-3, the axial heights of the first rotor pole 4-1, the second rotor pole 4-2 and the permanent magnet 4-3 are the same, the first rotor pole 4-1 and the second rotor pole 4-2 are fixed on both sides of the permanent magnet 4-3, the cross-sectional areas of the first rotor pole 4-1 and the second rotor pole 4-2 are the same, and the first rotor pole 4-1 and the second rotor pole 4-2 are symmetrically arranged about the permanent magnet 4-3;

[0035] The permanent magnet 4-3 adopts a parallel permanent magnet structure, the permanent magnet 4-3 is magnetized in a tangential direction, and the permanent magnets 4-3 on the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 2 are magnetized in the same direction.

[0036] As shown in Figure 3 As shown, the rotor back iron 5 includes a rotor back iron core 5-1 and a rotor back iron magnetic separation block 5-2, the rotor back iron core 5-1 and the rotor back iron magnetic separation block 5-2 are alternately arranged and uniformly and closely arranged along the circumference to form a circular ring;

[0037] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the rotor tooth 4 is uniformly distributed along the circumference on the rotor back iron 5, the first rotor pole 4-1 of the rotor tooth 4 and the second rotor pole 4-2 of the adjacent rotor tooth 4 are fixed on the same rotor back iron core 5-1, the permanent magnet 4-3 is fixed on the rotor back iron magnetic separation block 5-2, the first rotor pole 4-1, the second rotor pole 4-2 and the rotor back iron core 5-1 are made of silicon steel material and are laminated, the permanent magnet 4-3 is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, the rotor back iron magnetic separation block 5-2 is made of epoxy resin pouring, the number of the first rotor pole 4-1, the second rotor pole 4-2 and the permanent magnet 4-3 is 12n±2k, and the number of the rotor back iron core 5-1 and the rotor back iron magnetic separation block 5-2 is 6n±k, wherein k and n are positive integers.

[0038] As shown in Figure 4 As shown, the first stator core 6 and the second stator core 8 include a plurality of stator core modules 11, the stator core module 11 includes two end stator teeth 11-1, a middle stator tooth 11-2 and a stator yoke 11-3, the two end stator teeth 11-1 adopt a parallel tooth structure, the middle stator tooth 11-2 adopts a composite tooth structure, the middle stator tooth 11-2 includes a first middle stator tooth pole 11-2-1, a second middle stator tooth pole 11-2-2 and a middle stator tooth root 11-2-3, and the first middle stator tooth pole 11-2-1 and the second middle stator tooth pole 11-2-2 adopt a fan-shaped tooth structure;

[0039] Parallel intermediate stator tooth slots 11-2-4 are arranged between the first intermediate stator tooth pole 11-2-1 and the second intermediate stator tooth pole 11-2-2, L-shaped stator slots 11-4 are arranged between the intermediate stator teeth 11-2 and the two end stator teeth 11-1, the armature winding 10 is arranged at the bottom of the stator slot 11-4, and is wound around the intermediate stator tooth root 11-2-3, the field winding 9 is arranged at the upper part of the stator slot 11-4, and is cross-wound on the adjacent two end stator teeth 11-1 of the adjacent two stator core modules 11, the stator core modules 11 are uniformly distributed in a circular ring and are fixed on the magnetic separation disc 7, the number of the stator core modules 11 is 12n, and the number of the armature winding 10 and the field winding 9 is 12n, wherein n is a positive integer.

[0040] The stator core module 11 is made of silicon steel material and is laminated, and the magnetic separation disc 7 is made of epoxy resin and is cast.

[0041] Working principle:

[0042] In use, when the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 2 run to an angle of α1, the permanent magnet magnetic flux path 12 at the rotor angle of α1 is shown in Figure 5 , and the permanent magnet magnetic flux passes through the A1 and A2 windings in the direction of the arrow according to the principle of minimum magnetic resistance;

[0043] When the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 2 run to an angle of α2, the permanent magnet magnetic flux path 13 at the rotor angle of α2 is shown in Figure 6 , and the magnetic flux passes through the A1 and A2 windings in the direction of the arrow;

[0044] The permanent magnet magnetic flux of the A1 and A2 winding turns is the same in value and opposite in polarity in the above two positions, and when the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 2 continuously rotate, the permanent magnet magnetic flux of the A1 and A2 winding turns periodically changes between positive and negative amplitudes, and the induced electromotive force with alternating amplitude and phase is generated.

[0045] When the motor is in the state of increasing the magnetic field, the motor permanent magnet magnetic flux path 14 and the field magnetic flux path 15 are as shown in Figure 7 , the magnetic flux generated by the field winding is the same as the direction of the permanent magnet magnetic flux, and the magnetic flux of the armature winding turns is increased;

[0046] When the motor is in the state of demagnetization, the motor permanent magnet magnetic flux path 16 and the field magnetic flux path 17 are as shown in Figure 8 , the magnetic flux generated by the field winding is opposite to the direction of the permanent magnet magnetic flux, and the magnetic flux of the armature winding turns is weakened; by arranging the field winding, the magnetic flux of the armature winding can be flexibly adjusted, and the speed range of the motor is effectively expanded.

[0047] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely intended to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0048] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection", "fixed", and the like are to be broadly understood, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrated; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless specifically defined otherwise. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or simply indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or simply indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0050] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0051] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application.

Claims

1. A hybrid excitation axial magnetic field asymmetric stator tooth-arc PM machine, characterized in that, The motor comprises coaxially installed first and second rotors (1, 2) and a stator (3) located between the first and second rotors (1, 2), wherein the first and second rotors (1, 2) and the stator (3) are all of salient pole topology, the first and second rotors (1, 2) each comprise rotor teeth (4) and a rotor back iron (5), and the stator (3) comprises a first stator core (6), a magnetic separation disc (7) and a second stator core (8); The stator (3) has an air gap, and the first and second rotors (1, 2) are symmetrically arranged relative to the stator (3); The first and second stator cores (6, 8) are wound with armature windings (10) and flux modulation windings (9), and the first and second stator cores (6, 8) are symmetrically arranged relative to the magnetic separation disc (7); The rotor teeth (4) comprise first rotor poles (4-1), second rotor poles (4-2) and permanent magnets (4-3), the axial heights of the first rotor poles (4-1), the second rotor poles (4-2) and the permanent magnets (4-3) are the same, the cross-sectional areas of the first rotor poles (4-1) and the second rotor poles (4-2) are the same, the first rotor poles (4-1) and the second rotor poles (4-2) are symmetrically arranged relative to the permanent magnets (4-3), the permanent magnets (4-3) are of parallel permanent magnet structure and are magnetized in the tangential direction, and the permanent magnets (4-3) on the first and second rotors (1, 2) are magnetized in the same direction; The rotor back iron (5) comprises a rotor back iron core (5-1) and rotor back iron magnetic separation blocks (5-2), the rotor back iron core (5-1) and the rotor back iron magnetic separation blocks (5-2) are alternately arranged and uniformly and closely arranged along the circumference to form a circular ring shape; The rotor teeth (4) are uniformly distributed along the circumference on the rotor back iron (5), the first rotor poles (4-1) of the rotor teeth (4) and the second rotor poles (4-2) of adjacent rotor teeth (4) are fixed on the same rotor back iron core (5-1), and the permanent magnets (4-3) are fixed on the rotor back iron magnetic separation blocks (5-2); The first and second stator cores (6, 8) each comprise a stator core module (11), the stator core module (11) comprises two end stator teeth (11-1), intermediate stator teeth (11-2) and a stator yoke (11-3), the two end stator teeth (11-1) are of parallel tooth structure, the intermediate stator teeth (11-2) are of composite tooth structure, L-shaped stator slots (11-4) are arranged between the intermediate stator teeth (11-2) and the two end stator teeth (11-1), and the stator core modules (11) are uniformly distributed along the circumference to form a circular ring shape and are fixed on the magnetic separation disc (7). The intermediate stator tooth (11-2) comprises a first intermediate stator tooth pole (11-2-1), a second intermediate stator tooth pole (11-2-2) and an intermediate stator tooth root (11-2-3), the first intermediate stator tooth pole (11-2-1) and the second intermediate stator tooth pole (11-2-2) adopt a fan-shaped tooth structure, a parallel intermediate stator tooth slot (11-2-4) is arranged between the first intermediate stator tooth pole (11-2-1) and the second intermediate stator tooth pole (11-2-2), the armature winding (10) is arranged at the bottom of the stator slot (11-4) and is wound on the intermediate stator tooth root (11-2-3), and the field modulation winding (9) is arranged at the upper portion of the stator slot (11-4) and is cross-wound on the two end stator teeth (11-1) of the two adjacent stator core modules (11). The number of the first rotor pole (4-1), the second rotor pole (4-2), the permanent magnet (4-3), the rotor back iron core (5-1) and the rotor back iron magnetic block (5-2) is 12n±2k, and the number of the field modulation winding (9), the armature winding (10) and the stator core module (11) is 12n, wherein n and k are positive integers.

2. The hybrid excitation axial flux asymmetric stator tooth-arc PM machine of claim 1, wherein, The first rotor pole (4-1), the second rotor pole (4-2) and the rotor back iron core (5-1) are laminated from silicon steel material, the permanent magnet (4-3) is a neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet, and the magnetic separation disc (7) and the rotor back iron magnetic block (5-2) are cast from epoxy resin.

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