Multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of vibration control technology field, and provides a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device, comprising: a viscoelastic damper and a friction damper; the viscoelastic damper comprises a first connecting member, a second connecting member and a viscoelastic body; the second connecting member is movably arranged on the first connecting member along the vibration direction, and the first connecting member is connected to the second connecting member through the viscoelastic body; the friction damper comprises a clamping member, an elastic component and two oppositely arranged cover plates; a groove is provided on a side of the clamping member close to the cover plate, and a protrusion is provided on a side of the cover plate close to the clamping member; the protrusion abuts against the groove through the elastic component; along the vibration direction, the groove depth of the groove gradually decreases from the middle of the groove to both ends, and the second connecting member is connected to the clamping member; the invention can meet the vibration reduction requirements under small earthquakes and the vibration reduction requirements under large earthquakes through the series connection of the viscoelastic damper and the friction damper, so as to realize multi-stage energy dissipation and have good self-resetting performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vibration control, and in particular to a multi-stage energy-consuming self-resetting damping device. Background Art

[0002] Structures will vibrate under the influence of environmental loads. Excessive vibration response will lead to component fatigue or even structural damage. Therefore, it is crucial to absorb or consume vibration energy through good vibration control measures to reduce the vibration response of the structure, which is crucial to improving the service performance of the structure and ensuring its safety and reliability.

[0003] Setting up passive control devices on structures is one of the commonly used vibration control methods in the engineering field. However, the existing passive control devices have poor energy consumption capacity and adaptability, and obvious residual deformation after earthquakes, resulting in poor vibration reduction performance and reliability of the passive control devices. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device, which is used to solve or improve the problems of existing passive control devices, such as poor energy dissipation capacity and adaptability, and difficulty in recovering deformation, resulting in poor vibration reduction performance and reliability.

[0005] The present invention provides a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device, comprising: a viscoelastic damper and a friction damper;

[0006] The viscoelastic damper comprises a first connecting member, a second connecting member and a viscoelastic body; the second connecting member is movably arranged on the first connecting member along the vibration direction, and the first connecting member is connected to the second connecting member through the viscoelastic body;

[0007] The friction damper comprises a clamping member, an elastic component and two oppositely arranged cover plates; the clamping member is movably arranged between the two cover plates along the vibration direction, a groove is provided on one side of the clamping member close to the cover plate, and a protrusion matched with the groove is provided on one side of the cover plate close to the clamping member; the elastic component is respectively connected to the two cover plates so that the protrusion abuts against the corresponding groove;

[0008] Along the vibration direction, the groove depth of the groove gradually decreases from the middle of the groove to both ends;

[0009] The second connecting member is connected to the clamping member; when the viscoelastic body is in the first deformation state, the friction damper is in the first state, and the two cover plates are at an initial distance; when the viscoelastic body is in the second deformation state, the friction damper is in the second state, and the two cover plates are at a working distance, and the initial distance is smaller than the working distance.

[0010] According to a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention, the viscoelastic damper further comprises: a gear and a plate;

[0011] The gear is rotationally connected to the first connecting member, and the second connecting member is provided with an engaging portion, which extends along the vibration direction, and the gear is engaged with the engaging portion; one end of the plate body is connected to a side of the gear away from the second connecting member, and the other end of the plate body is connected to the first connecting member through the viscoelastic body.

[0012] According to a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention, the viscoelastic body comprises: a plurality of polymer layers and a plurality of steel sheet layers;

[0013] The polymer layer and the steel sheet layer are alternately arranged in sequence along a direction perpendicular to the vibration direction, and both ends of the viscoelastic body are the steel sheet layers; the steel sheet layer at one end of the viscoelastic body is connected to the first connecting piece, and the steel sheet layer at the other end of the viscoelastic body is connected to the plate body.

[0014] According to a multi-stage energy-consuming self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention, two first limiting columns are provided on the first connecting member at intervals along the vibration direction, and the plate body is located between the two first limiting columns.

[0015] According to a multi-stage energy-consuming self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention, two of the gears and two of the plate bodies are provided, the two gears are provided on both sides of the second connecting member, and meshing portions are provided on both sides of the second connecting member.

[0016] According to a multi-stage energy-absorbing self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention, a first guide assembly and a second guide assembly are provided on the first connecting member; the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly both extend along the vibration direction, the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly are arranged opposite to each other, and the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly are arranged on both sides of the second connecting member; a second limiting column is also provided on the first connecting member, and when the first connecting member and the second connecting member are close to each other, the second limiting column is used to limit the second connecting member.

[0017] According to a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention, the elastic component comprises: a bolt, a shape memory alloy disc spring and a nut;

[0018] The cover plate is provided with a through hole, the clamping piece is provided with a strip hole along the vibration direction, and the bolt is used to pass through the through hole and the strip hole; the nut and the shape memory alloy disc spring are arranged on the bolt, and the end surface of the cover plate facing away from the clamping piece is in contact with the nut through the shape memory alloy disc spring.

[0019] According to a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention, the elastic component comprises: a shape memory alloy bolt and a nut;

[0020] The shape memory alloy bolt comprises two threaded sections and a deformation section; the two threaded sections are respectively arranged at two ends of the deformation section, and the threaded section is connected to the deformation section;

[0021] The cover plate is provided with a through hole, the clamping piece is provided with a strip hole along the vibration direction, and the shape memory alloy bolt is used to pass through the through hole and the strip hole; the nut is arranged on the threaded section, and the end face of the cover plate facing away from the clamping piece abuts against the nut.

[0022] According to a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention, a first connecting portion is provided at one end of the first connecting member away from the friction damper;

[0023] There are two clamping members, and the two clamping members are arranged at intervals along the vibration direction; the clamping member close to the viscoelastic damper is connected to the second connecting member, and the clamping member away from the viscoelastic damper is provided with a second connecting portion; the first connecting portion is used to connect to one of the two connecting points on the structure to be damped that vibrate relative to each other, and the second connecting portion is used to connect to the other of the two connecting points.

[0024] According to a multi-stage energy-consuming self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention, two first connecting members are provided, the two first connecting members are arranged opposite to each other, and the second connecting member is arranged between the two first connecting members.

[0025] The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention can meet the vibration reduction requirements under small earthquakes and large earthquakes by connecting the viscoelastic damper and the friction damper in series, so as to realize multi-stage energy dissipation and have good self-resetting performance.

[0026] When it is necessary to control the vibration of two connection points on the structure to be damped that are vibrating relative to each other, one of the connection points is connected to the viscoelastic damper, and the other connection point is connected to the friction damper.

[0027] When an external force drives the two connection points to move away from or closer to each other, the viscoelastic damper will be activated before the friction damper due to the smaller starting resistance of the viscoelastic damper, and a relative movement will occur between the first connection member and the second connection member, causing the viscoelastic body to produce elastic deformation, thereby consuming the vibration energy, that is, meeting the vibration reduction requirements during small earthquakes; at this time, the viscoelastic body is in the first deformation state, and the friction damper is in the first state;

[0028] Since the two cover plates clamp the clamping member under the action of the elastic component, the clamping member will be subjected to friction when it moves relative to the cover plates; when the external force increases to be greater than the static friction between the cover plate and the clamping member, thereby forcing the clamping member and the cover plate to produce relative movement, the protrusion has a tendency to move out of the groove, and since the groove depth of the groove gradually decreases from the middle of the groove to the two ends, the wall surface of the groove can gradually push the two cover plates apart, so that the distance between the two cover plates gradually increases, and when the distance between the two cover plates increases, the elastic force generated by the elastic component also gradually increases. When the elastic force acts on the two cover plates, the positive pressure of the cover plates on the clamping member also gradually increases, thereby increasing the friction between the cover plate and the clamping member. It can be understood that the greater the external force, the greater the friction, so that the external force is offset by the friction, and the purpose of converting vibration kinetic energy into friction heat energy is achieved; at this time, the viscoelastic body is in the second deformation state, and the friction damper is in the second state;

[0029] When the external force disappears, since the depth of the groove gradually decreases from the middle of the groove to both ends, the elastic component can force the protrusion to slide to the middle of the groove, so that the protrusion fits with the groove to achieve self-reset of the friction damper. At the same time, the viscoelastic body can also automatically return to the state before deformation, that is, the entire damping device can achieve self-reset. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-stage energy-consuming self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A;

[0035] Figure 5 This is the third structural schematic diagram of the multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shape memory alloy bolt provided by the present invention;

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 1: viscoelastic damper; 11: first connecting member; 111: first limiting column; 112: second limiting column; 113: first guide column; 114: second guide column; 12: second connecting member; 121: meshing portion; 122: strip avoidance groove; 13: viscoelastic body; 131: polymer layer; 132: steel sheet layer; 14: gear; 15: plate body; 2: friction damper; 21: clamping member; 211: groove; 212: strip hole; 22: elastic component; 221: bolt; 222: shape memory alloy disc spring; 223: nut; 224: shape memory alloy bolt; 2241: threaded section; 2242: deformation section; 23: cover plate; 231: protrusion; 31: first connecting portion; 32: second connecting portion; 4: fastening bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] Currently, passive control devices mainly include metal dampers, viscoelastic dampers and friction dampers. During the research and development process, the applicant discovered that the above-mentioned types of dampers have the following problems during use.

[0043] A metal damper is a displacement-related damper that uses the elastic-plastic deformation of special metal materials to dissipate energy. The energy dissipation capacity of a metal damper is highly dependent on the plastic deformation capacity of the metal material. In the case of a small earthquake, the metal damper mainly undergoes elastic deformation and has limited energy dissipation capacity.

[0044] Viscoelastic damper is a velocity-dependent damper made of viscoelastic material. It achieves energy dissipation through the deformation of the viscoelastic material. It has a small starting resistance and can dissipate energy even in the case of micro-vibration. However, the viscoelastic damper has limited damping effect. In the case of a large earthquake, it cannot meet the energy consumption requirements and is prone to damage.

[0045] The friction damper is a displacement damper that dissipates energy through friction. When relative sliding occurs, the kinetic energy is converted into heat energy to achieve the purpose of energy dissipation and vibration reduction. For the friction damper, relative sliding can only occur when the external force is greater than the static friction force. Therefore, the friction damper will lock in the case of small earthquakes and cannot play a vibration reduction role. It also has no reset capability and the residual deformation after the earthquake is obvious.

[0046] Combine the following Figures 1 to 6 The invention describes a multi-stage energy-consuming self-resetting damping device.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the multi-stage energy-consuming self-resetting damping device shown in this embodiment includes: a viscoelastic damper 1 and a friction damper 2.

[0048] The viscoelastic damper 1 comprises a first connecting member 11, a second connecting member 12 and a viscoelastic body 13; the second connecting member 12 is movably arranged on the first connecting member 11 along the vibration direction, and the first connecting member 11 is connected to the second connecting member 12 through the viscoelastic body 13;

[0049] The friction damper 2 comprises a clamping member 21, an elastic component 22 and two oppositely arranged cover plates 23; the clamping member 21 is movably arranged between the two cover plates 23 along the vibration direction, a groove 211 is provided on the side of the clamping member 21 close to the cover plate 23, and a protrusion 231 adapted to the groove 211 is provided on the side of the cover plate 23 close to the clamping member 21; the elastic component 22 is respectively connected to the two cover plates 23 so that the protrusion 231 abuts against the corresponding groove 211; along the vibration direction, the groove depth of the groove 211 gradually decreases from the middle of the groove 211 to both ends, and accordingly, the thickness of the protrusion 231 gradually decreases from the middle of the protrusion 231 to both ends, and the protrusion 231 can fit with the groove 211; wherein, the wall surface of the groove 211 can be either an arc surface or an inclined surface;

[0050] The second connecting member 12 is connected to the clamping member 21; when the viscoelastic body 13 is in the first deformation state, the friction damper 2 is in the first state, and the two cover plates 23 have an initial spacing; when the viscoelastic body 13 is in the second deformation state, the friction damper 2 is in the second state, and the two cover plates 23 have a working spacing, and the initial spacing is smaller than the working spacing.

[0051] Specifically, the multi-stage energy-absorbing and self-resetting damping device shown in this embodiment can meet both the vibration reduction requirements under small earthquakes and the vibration reduction requirements under large earthquakes by connecting the viscoelastic damper 1 and the friction damper 2 in series, so as to achieve multi-stage energy absorption and have good self-resetting performance.

[0052] When it is necessary to control the vibration of two connection points on the structure to be damped that are vibrating relative to each other, one of the connection points is connected to the viscoelastic damper 1 , and the other connection point is connected to the friction damper 2 .

[0053] When an external force drives the two connection points to move away from or closer to each other, the viscoelastic damper 1 will be activated before the friction damper 2 due to the smaller starting resistance of the viscoelastic damper 1, and a relative movement will occur between the first connecting member 11 and the second connecting member 12, so that the viscoelastic body 13 will produce elastic deformation, thereby consuming the vibration energy, that is, meeting the vibration reduction requirements during small earthquakes; at this time, the viscoelastic body 13 is in the first deformation state, and the friction damper 2 is in the first state;

[0054] Since the two cover plates 23 clamp the clamping member 21 under the action of the elastic component 22, the clamping member 21 will be subjected to friction when it moves relative to the cover plate 23; when the external force increases to be greater than the static friction between the cover plate 23 and the clamping member 21, thereby forcing the clamping member 21 and the cover plate 23 to produce relative movement, the protrusion 231 has a tendency to move out of the groove 211. Since the groove depth of the groove 211 gradually decreases from the middle of the groove 211 to the two ends, the wall surface of the groove 211 can gradually push the two cover plates 23 apart, so that the space between the two cover plates 23 The spacing between the two cover plates 23 gradually increases, and when the spacing between the two cover plates 23 increases, the elastic force generated by the elastic component 22 also gradually increases. When the elastic force acts on the two cover plates 23, the positive pressure of the cover plates 23 on the clamping member 21 also gradually increases, thereby increasing the friction between the cover plates 23 and the clamping member 21. It can be understood that the greater the external force, the greater the friction, so that the external force is offset by the friction, and the purpose of converting the vibration kinetic energy into friction heat energy is achieved; at this time, the viscoelastic body 13 is in the second deformation state, and the friction damper 2 is in the second state;

[0055] When the external force disappears, since the depth of the groove 211 gradually decreases from the middle of the groove to both ends, the elastic component 22 can force the protrusion 231 to slide to the middle of the groove 211, so that the protrusion 231 fits with the groove 211 to achieve self-reset of the friction damper 2. At the same time, the viscoelastic body 13 can also automatically restore to the state before deformation, that is, the entire damping device can achieve self-reset.

[0056] The multi-stage energy-absorbing and self-resetting damping device provided in this embodiment realizes preliminary energy absorption through the viscoelastic damper 1 when the external force is small to meet the vibration reduction demand of small earthquakes, and realizes further energy absorption through the friction damper 2 when the external force is large to meet the vibration reduction demand of large earthquakes, thereby realizing multi-stage energy absorption, and has good energy absorption capacity, adaptability and versatility. When the external force disappears, the damping device can self-reset to meet the next vibration reduction demand, and has good reliability.

[0057] It should be noted that the vibration direction shown in this embodiment is Figure 2 and Figure 3 The material of the viscoelastic body 13 may be rubber, epoxy resin or latex.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the viscoelastic damper 1 shown in this embodiment also includes: a gear 14 and a plate 15; the gear 14 is rotatably connected to the first connecting member 11, and the second connecting member 12 is provided with an engaging portion 121, the engaging portion 121 extends along the vibration direction, and the gear 14 is engaged with the engaging portion 121; one end of the plate 15 is connected to the side of the gear 14 away from the second connecting member 12, and the other end of the plate 15 is connected to the first connecting member 11 through the viscoelastic body 13.

[0059] Specifically, when the first connecting member 11 and the second connecting member 12 move relative to each other, since the gear 14 is meshed with the meshing portion 121, the gear 14 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the plate body 15 to swing to the left or right. During the swinging of the plate body 15, the plate body 15 drives the viscoelastic body 13 to deform to achieve energy dissipation. Among them, the plate body 15 and the gear 14 can be an integrated structure, which can be equivalent to a lever, and the fulcrum of the lever is the rotation center of the gear 14. Through the reasonable setting of the force arm, the smaller misalignment between the first connecting member 11 and the second connecting member 12 can be amplified, so that the smaller misalignment can cause the viscoelastic body 13 to produce a larger deformation, thereby increasing the hysteresis deformation energy dissipation capacity of the viscoelastic damper 1.

[0060] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, two first connecting members 11 are provided, the two first connecting members 11 are arranged opposite to each other, and the second connecting member 12 is arranged between the two first connecting members 11 .

[0061] Specifically, by arranging the second connecting member 12 between the two first connecting members 11, a certain protection effect can be provided to the gear 14 and the meshing portion 121. At the same time, viscoelastic bodies 13 are arranged on both sides of the plate body 15. The viscoelastic body 13 on one side of the plate body 15 is connected to one of the first connecting members 11, and the viscoelastic body 13 on the other side of the plate body 15 is connected to the other first connecting member 11, thereby improving the deformation capacity of the entire viscoelastic damper 1 and improving the applicable scope of vibration reduction and energy consumption.

[0062] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the viscoelastic body 13 shown in this embodiment includes: a plurality of polymer layers 131 and a plurality of steel sheet layers 132; the polymer layers 131 and the steel sheet layers 132 are alternately arranged in sequence along a direction perpendicular to the vibration direction, and both ends of the viscoelastic body 13 are steel sheet layers 132; the steel sheet layer 132 at one end of the viscoelastic body 13 is connected to the first connecting member 11, and the steel sheet layer 132 at the other end of the viscoelastic body 13 is connected to the plate body 15.

[0063] Specifically, the viscoelastic body 13 is composed of a plurality of polymer layers 131 and a plurality of steel sheet layers 132. The adjacent polymer layers 131 and steel sheet layers 132 are bonded together by vulcanization. The steel sheet layers 132 at both ends of the viscoelastic body 13 are respectively connected to the first connecting member 11 and the plate body 15 by welding. The steel sheet layers 132 play a certain supporting role on the polymer layers 131.

[0064] The material of the polymer layer 131 can be rubber, epoxy resin or latex.

[0065] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, two first limiting columns 111 are provided on the first connecting member 11 shown in this embodiment at intervals along the vibration direction, and the plate body 15 is located between the two first limiting columns 111 .

[0066] Specifically, during the swinging of the plate 15 , the two first limiting columns 111 can limit the swinging amplitude of the plate 15 , thereby preventing the viscoelastic damper 1 from being damaged or the viscoelastic body 13 from failing when the swinging amplitude of the plate 15 is too large.

[0067] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the gear 14 and the plate 15 shown in this embodiment are both provided with two, and the two gears 14 are respectively provided on both sides of the second connecting member 12, and the two sides of the second connecting member 12 are provided with a meshing portion 121.

[0068] Specifically, by symmetrically arranging two gears 14 and two plates 15 , the force uniformity between the gears 14 and the meshing portion 121 is ensured, the service life and reliability of the gears 14 and the meshing portion 121 are improved, and the reliability of the viscoelastic damper 1 is ensured.

[0069] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the first connecting member 11 shown in this embodiment is provided with a first guide assembly and a second guide assembly; the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly both extend along the vibration direction, the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly are arranged opposite to each other, the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly are arranged on both sides of the second connecting member 12, and a guide channel is formed between the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly, and the guide channel guides the second connecting member 12, so that the second connecting member 12 can move stably along the vibration direction.

[0070] Specifically, the first guide assembly includes two first guide columns 113, which are spaced apart along the vibration direction; the second guide assembly includes two second guide columns 114, which are spaced apart along the vibration direction; the second connecting member 12 can move stably along the vibration direction under the restriction of the two first guide columns 113 and the two second guide columns 114, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire damping device.

[0071] In some embodiments, Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the first connecting member 11 shown in this embodiment is further provided with a second limiting column 112 . When the first connecting member 11 and the second connecting member 12 are close to each other, the second limiting column 112 is used to limit the second connecting member 12 .

[0072] Specifically, when the first connecting member 11 and the second connecting member 12 are close to each other, the second limiting column 112 can limit the second connecting member 12, thereby avoiding a large misalignment between the first connecting member 11 and the second connecting member 12, so as to prevent the viscoelastic damper 1 from being damaged or the viscoelastic body 13 from failing due to excessive misalignment.

[0073] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the elastic component 22 shown in this embodiment includes: a bolt 221, a shape memory alloy disc spring 222 and a nut 223; a through hole is provided on the cover plate 23, and the clamping member 21 is provided with a strip hole 212 along the vibration direction, and the bolt 221 is used to pass through the through hole and the strip hole 212 so that both ends of the bolt 221 can be exposed outside the cover plate 23; the nut 223 and the shape memory alloy disc spring 222 are arranged on the bolt 221, and the end face of the cover plate 23 away from the clamping member 21 is abutted against the nut 223 through the shape memory alloy disc spring 222.

[0074] Specifically, the bolt 221 shown in this embodiment is a stud bolt. When the cover plate 23 and the clamping member 21 are assembled, the stud bolt is passed through the cover plate 23 and the clamping member 21 in turn, and the two ends of the stud bolt can be exposed outside the cover plate 23, and the shape memory alloy disc spring 222 is sleeved on the bolt 221, and then the shape memory alloy disc spring 222 is pressed on the cover plate 23 through the nut 223, so that the protrusion 231 on the cover plate 23 abuts against the groove 211 on the clamping member 21, thereby ensuring that there is a large static friction between the cover plate 23 and the clamping member 21; when the clamping member 21 overcomes the static friction and moves relative to the cover plate 23, the bolt 221 can move in the strip hole 212, and the shape memory alloy disc spring 222 is compressed, thereby increasing the positive pressure between the cover plate 23 and the clamping member 21, thereby increasing the friction force, and the friction energy consumption gradually increases. At the same time, the shape memory alloy disc spring 222 will also consume energy by material deformation based on the characteristics of the material.

[0075] It should be noted that the material of the shape memory alloy disc spring 222 is shape memory alloy (abbreviated as SMA). Shape memory alloy is a material composed of two or more metal elements and has a shape memory effect through thermoelasticity and martensitic phase transformation and its inversion.

[0076] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the elastic component 22 shown in this embodiment includes: a shape memory alloy bolt 224 and a nut; the shape memory alloy bolt 224 includes two threaded sections 2241 and a deformation section 2242, and the deformation section 2242 is made of shape memory alloy; the two threaded sections 2241 are respectively arranged at both ends of the deformation section 2242, and the threaded sections 2241 are connected to the deformation section 2242; a through hole is provided on the cover plate 23, and a strip hole 212 is provided on the clamping member 21 along the vibration direction, and the shape memory alloy bolt 224 is used to pass through the through hole and the strip hole 212, so that the threaded section 2241 can be exposed outside the cover plate 23; the nut is provided on the threaded section 2241, and the end face of the cover plate 23 facing away from the clamping member 21 abuts against the nut.

[0077] Specifically, this embodiment uses special bolts to achieve the clamping of the clamping member 21 by the two cover plates 23; after the shape memory alloy bolt 224 passes through the cover plate 23 and the clamping member 21, the nut is tightened on the shape memory alloy bolt 224 to cause the deformation section 2242 to produce tensile deformation, and the elastic force generated thereby causes the protrusion 231 to abut against the groove 211, thereby ensuring that there is a large static friction force between the cover plate 23 and the clamping member 21; when the clamping member 21 overcomes the static friction force and moves relative to the cover plate 23, the shape memory alloy bolt 224 can move in the strip hole 212, and the deformation section 2242 is further stretched, thereby increasing the positive pressure between the cover plate 23 and the clamping member 21, thereby increasing the friction force, and the friction energy consumption also gradually increases. At the same time, the deformation section 2242 will also consume energy by material deformation based on the characteristics of the material.

[0078] In both embodiments of the elastic component 22, the positive pressure between the cover plate 23 and the clamping member 21 can be adjusted by adjusting the tightening torque of the nut, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the static friction force, and then adjusting the minimum value of the external force required when the friction damper 2 is activated to meet different vibration reduction requirements.

[0079] In some embodiments, Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the first connecting member 11 shown in this embodiment is provided with a first connecting portion 31 at the end facing away from the friction damper 2; two clamping members 21 are provided, and the two clamping members 21 are arranged at intervals along the vibration direction; the clamping member 21 close to the viscoelastic damper 1 is connected to the second connecting member 12, and the clamping member 21 away from the viscoelastic damper 1 is provided with a second connecting portion 32; the first connecting portion 31 is used to connect to one of the two connecting points on the structure to be damped that vibrate relative to each other, and the second connecting portion 32 is used to connect to the other of the two connecting points.

[0080] Specifically, the two clamping members 21 have the same structure. When the two connection points are close to each other, the two clamping members 21 are forced to move closer together to push the two cover plates 23 apart to achieve friction energy dissipation; when the two connection points are far apart, the two clamping members 21 are forced to move away from each other to push the two cover plates 23 apart to achieve friction energy dissipation.

[0081] The first connection portion 31 and the second connection portion 32 may both be connection rings, and the connection rings are connected to the connection points via latches.

[0082] Furthermore, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the first connecting portion 31 is connected to the middle part of the first connecting member 11 by the fastening bolt 4. Correspondingly, a strip avoidance groove 122 is opened on the second connecting member 12. The strip avoidance groove 122 is arranged along the vibration direction. The fastening bolt 4 can extend into the strip avoidance groove 122. The fastening bolt 4 and the strip avoidance groove 122 can guide and limit the relative movement between the first connecting member 11 and the second connecting member 12 to a certain extent, so that the first connecting member 11 and the second connecting member 12 can move stably along the vibration direction, and at the same time, avoid the phenomenon of large misalignment between the first connecting member and the second connecting member.

[0083] The multi-stage energy-dissipating self-resetting damping device shown in this embodiment connects the viscoelastic damper 1 and the friction damper 2 in series, so that the damping device can perform multi-stage energy dissipation and has good adaptability. The greater the external force, the greater the friction force generated by the friction damper 2, so that the friction damper 2 can protect the viscoelastic damper 1 and avoid damage to the viscoelastic damper 1 due to large deformation. At the same time, the deformation of the viscoelastic body 13 is achieved by setting a gear meshing method, so that the vibration response is amplified by using the principle of lever, thereby improving the hysteresis deformation energy dissipation capacity of the viscoelastic damper 1. When the external force disappears, the friction damper 2 can achieve the self-resetting function through the material properties of the shape memory alloy, thereby ensuring that the entire damping device has good reliability and vibration reduction and energy dissipation performance.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage energy-consuming self-resetting damping device, characterized in that: include: viscoelastic dampers and friction dampers; The viscoelastic damper comprises a first connecting member, a second connecting member, a viscoelastic body, a gear and a plate; The second connecting member is movably disposed on the first connecting member along the vibration direction, and the first connecting member is connected to the second connecting member through the viscoelastic body; The gear is rotatably connected to the first connecting member, the second connecting member is provided with a meshing portion, the meshing portion extends along the vibration direction, and the gear meshes with the meshing portion; one end of the plate body is connected to a side of the gear away from the second connecting member, and the other end of the plate body is connected to the first connecting member through the viscoelastic body; The friction damper comprises a clamping member, an elastic component and two oppositely arranged cover plates; the clamping member is movably arranged between the two cover plates along the vibration direction, a groove is provided on one side of the clamping member close to the cover plate, and a protrusion matched with the groove is provided on one side of the cover plate close to the clamping member; the elastic component is respectively connected to the two cover plates so that the protrusion abuts against the corresponding groove; Along the vibration direction, the groove depth of the groove gradually decreases from the middle of the groove to both ends; The second connecting member is connected to the clamping member; when the viscoelastic body is in the first deformation state, the friction damper is in the first state, and the two cover plates are at an initial distance; when the viscoelastic body is in the second deformation state, the friction damper is in the second state, and the two cover plates are at a working distance, and the initial distance is smaller than the working distance.

2. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The viscoelastic body comprises: a plurality of polymer layers and a plurality of steel sheet layers; The polymer layer and the steel sheet layer are alternately arranged in sequence along a direction perpendicular to the vibration direction, and both ends of the viscoelastic body are the steel sheet layers; the steel sheet layer at one end of the viscoelastic body is connected to the first connecting piece, and the steel sheet layer at the other end of the viscoelastic body is connected to the plate body.

3. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two first limiting columns are arranged on the first connecting member at intervals along the vibration direction, and the plate body is located between the two first limiting columns.

4. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear and the plate are each provided with two gears, the two gears are respectively provided on both sides of the second connecting member, and the two sides of the second connecting member are provided with meshing parts.

5. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting member is provided with a first guide assembly and a second guide assembly; the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly both extend along the vibration direction, the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly are arranged opposite to each other, and the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly are arranged on both sides of the second connecting member; The first connecting member is also provided with a second limiting column, and when the first connecting member and the second connecting member are close to each other, the second limiting column is used to limit the second connecting member.

6. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component comprises: a bolt, a shape memory alloy disc spring and a nut; The cover plate is provided with a through hole, the clamping piece is provided with a strip hole along the vibration direction, and the bolt is used to pass through the through hole and the strip hole; the nut and the shape memory alloy disc spring are arranged on the bolt, and the end surface of the cover plate facing away from the clamping piece is in contact with the nut through the shape memory alloy disc spring.

7. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component comprises: a shape memory alloy bolt and a nut; The shape memory alloy bolt comprises two threaded sections and a deformation section; the two threaded sections are respectively arranged at two ends of the deformation section, and the threaded section is connected to the deformation section; The cover plate is provided with a through hole, the clamping piece is provided with a strip hole along the vibration direction, and the shape memory alloy bolt is used to pass through the through hole and the strip hole; the nut is arranged on the threaded section, and the end face of the cover plate facing away from the clamping piece abuts against the nut.

8. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first connecting portion is provided at one end of the first connecting member away from the friction damper; There are two clamping members, and the two clamping members are arranged at intervals along the vibration direction; the clamping member close to the viscoelastic damper is connected to the second connecting member, and the clamping member away from the viscoelastic damper is provided with a second connecting portion; the first connecting portion is used to connect to one of the two connecting points on the structure to be damped that vibrate relative to each other, and the second connecting portion is used to connect to the other of the two connecting points.

9. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: There are two first connecting members, the two first connecting members are arranged opposite to each other, and the second connecting member is arranged between the two first connecting members.

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