A Temperature Control Method and System for Tunnel Grouting with High Water Temperature

Abstract

The present invention discloses a temperature control method for tunnel grouting with high water temperature, as follows: Step 1, in the tunnel water outlet area, one or more water inlet holes and one or more water discharge holes are longitudinally opened from the heading face, and the hole depth reaches the water outlet; Step 2, each water inlet hole is connected to the external high-pressure cold water pipeline; each water discharge hole is connected to the external pipeline; Step 3, the outlets of each water discharge hole are closed, and high-pressure cold water is injected into the tunnel water outlet area through each water inlet hole to increase the water pressure in the tunnel water outlet area in the tunnel excavation area, so as to resist and prevent the water in the surrounding rock outside the tunnel excavation area from seeping into the excavation area; Step 4, the outlets of each water discharge hole are opened for drainage in batches, and high-pressure cold water is continuously introduced into the tunnel water outlet area through each water inlet hole until the water flowing out of the water discharge hole reaches the constructible temperature of the tunnel. Using this grouting temperature control method can effectively prevent the seepage of high-temperature hot water outside the excavation area into the tunnel excavation area, and realize the cooling of the high-temperature water in the tunnel excavation area to the constructible temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of underground engineering, and particularly relates to a temperature control method for high-water-temperature tunnels, a temperature control method for grouting, and a system therefor. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of deep-buried long tunnels, when the tunnel passes through a section with strong tectonic activities, the heat damage problem caused by the natural high-temperature environment cannot be ignored. The high-temperature environment will not only reduce the efficiency of mechanical equipment, but also cause a series of psychological and physiological changes such as distraction of personnel's attention, decline in resistance, and weakening of memory, affecting emotions and physical and mental health, and reducing work efficiency. In water-rich areas, high-temperature water may even gush out from the joints and fissures of the rock mass, posing a serious threat to the safety of personnel and equipment. At present, high water temperatures above 90°C and synchronous rock temperatures exceeding 55°C have been seen in tunnel construction, and construction operations can no longer be carried out. According to the "Safety Technical Regulations for Railway Tunnel Construction", the tunnel construction environment must comply with the relevant provisions and meet the requirements of the health and safety standards that the air temperature in the tunnel shall not be higher than 28°C. According to the statistical results of construction experience, when the rock temperature is greater than 36°C, the measure of increasing the ventilation volume has a weakened effect on reducing the air temperature in the tunnel.

[0003] For the problem of sudden water inrush in water-rich areas during tunnel construction, it is usually necessary to take measures of grouting and plugging. However, in a high-temperature environment, there are generally problems such as uncontrollable gel time and diffusion range, serious loss of strength of the stone body, and easy occurrence of durability deterioration in grouting materials, which cannot meet the requirements of grouting and water plugging. Therefore, it is urgent to adopt a new method to effectively control the environmental temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a temperature control method and system for grouting in high-water-temperature tunnels, which can effectively prevent the seepage of high-temperature hot water outside the excavation area into the tunnel excavation area, and realize the cooling of the high-temperature water in the tunnel excavation area to a constructable temperature.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A temperature control method for grouting in high-water-temperature tunnels, and the grouting temperature control method is as follows:

[0006] Step 1: In the tunnel water outlet area, longitudinally open one or more water inlet holes and one or more water discharge holes from the heading face, and the hole depth reaches the water outlet;

[0007] Step 2: Connect each water inlet hole to an external high-pressure cold water pipeline; connect each water discharge hole to an external pipeline;

[0008] Step 3: Close the outlets of each water discharge hole, and inject high-pressure cold water into the tunnel water outlet area through each water inlet hole to increase the water pressure in the tunnel water outlet area within the tunnel excavation area, so as to resist and prevent the water in the surrounding rock outside the tunnel excavation area from seeping into the excavation area;

[0009] Step 4: Gradually open the outlets of each drainage hole for drainage, and continuously introduce high-pressure cold water into the tunnel water outlet area through each water inlet hole until the water flowing out of the drainage hole reaches the constructible temperature of the tunnel, then close the water inlet hole and the drainage hole.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes Step 5 as follows:

[0011] Step 5: Drill grouting holes from the tunnel face, and open the water inlet hole again. Inject high-pressure cold water into the tunnel water outlet area, and gradually open the outlets of each drainage hole for drainage until the water flowing out of the drainage hole reaches the groutable temperature, then close the water inlet hole and the drainage hole;

[0012] Carry out advanced curtain top-pressure grouting. After grouting, a sealing area is formed.

[0013] Furthermore, before Step 1, advanced water exploration holes are drilled at the tunnel face towards the tunnel excavation direction to detect the tunnel water outlet area, as well as measure the water temperature, water volume, and water pressure;

[0014] And after the detection, the advanced water exploration holes drilled are used as water inlet holes or drainage holes.

[0015] Furthermore, in Step 2, the external pipelines of the water inlet hole and the drainage hole are both connected to the high-pressure cold water circulation cooling system, and a circulating water channel is formed among the water inlet hole, the drainage hole, and the cooling system.

[0016] Furthermore, in Step 3, the pressure of the high-pressure cold water introduced into the tunnel water outlet area through the water inlet hole is 3 - 5 times the original water pressure of the tunnel water outlet area.

[0017] Furthermore, the high-pressure cold water circulation cooling system consists of a first-stage cooling pool, a second-stage cooling pool, and a third-stage cooling pool connected in series.

[0018] Furthermore, the external high-pressure cold water pipeline includes:

[0019] Water inlet branch pipes, the number of which is the same as the number of water inlet holes, and one water inlet branch pipe is connected to one water inlet hole; pressure gauges are installed at the outlets of each water inlet branch pipe; grouting pumps are also installed on each water inlet branch pipe;

[0020] Water inlet main pipe, its inlet is connected to the third-stage cooling pool, and its outlet is connected to multiple water inlet branch pipes;

[0021] The external pipeline includes:

[0022] Drainage branch pipes, the number of which is the same as the number of drainage holes, and one drainage branch pipe is connected to one drainage hole;

[0023] Drainage main pipe, its inlet is connected to multiple drainage branch pipes, and its outlet is connected to the first-stage cooling pool; on the drainage main pipe, a water temperature detection sensor is provided at the connection section with the first-stage cooling pool.

[0024] The present invention also discloses a temperature control system for tunnel grouting with high water temperature, comprising:

[0025] Inlet branch pipes, which are used to connect with the water inlet holes drilled from the tunnel face to the water outlet area of the tunnel. The number of the inlet branch pipes is the same as that of the water inlet holes, and one inlet branch pipe is connected to one water inlet hole; pressure gauges are installed at the outlets of each inlet branch pipe; grouting pumps are also installed on each inlet branch pipe;

[0026] An inlet main pipe, whose inlet is connected to the third-stage cooling pool and whose outlet is connected to multiple inlet branch pipes;

[0027] The inlet branch pipes and the inlet main pipe are used to introduce the cold water in the third-stage cooling pool into the water inlet holes;

[0028] Drainage branch pipes, which are used to connect with the drainage holes drilled from the tunnel face to the water outlet area of the tunnel. The number of the drainage branch pipes is the same as that of the drainage holes, and one drainage branch pipe is connected to one drainage hole;

[0029] A drainage main pipe, whose inlet is connected to multiple drainage branch pipes and whose outlet is connected to the first-stage cooling pool; a water temperature detection sensor is arranged on the drainage main pipe and at the connection section with the first-stage cooling pool;

[0030] The drainage branch pipes and the drainage main pipe are used to drain the hot water in the tunnel water outlet area;

[0031] The third-stage cooling pool and the first-stage cooling pool are connected in series, and a second-stage cooling pool is also connected between the third-stage cooling pool and the first-stage cooling pool. Each cooling pool is used to cool the water drained from the drainage main pipe.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By injecting high-pressure cold water into the water outlet area in the tunnel surrounding rock excavation area, the pore water pressure in the water outlet area is increased, which can effectively prevent the seepage of high-temperature hot water outside the excavation area into the tunnel excavation area; and by injecting high-pressure cold water, the water temperature in the tunnel water outlet area is reduced and the water temperature reaches the temperature required for construction. The temperature control is reliable, and there is no need to use expensive high-stability grouting materials, reducing the temperature control cost. 2. Multiple cooling pools are connected in series and communicate with the water inlet holes and the drainage holes to form a water circulation system, continuously circulating and cooling the water. While achieving the purpose of temperature control, the water consumption is reduced, and energy conservation and environmental protection are realized. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 is the technical principle diagram of a temperature control method for tunnel grouting with high water temperature according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a temperature control system for tunnel grouting with high water temperature;

[0035] Wherein: a is a high-temperature water-rich area; b is the tunnel water outlet area; 1.1 is the water inlet hole, 1.2 is the pressure gauge, 1.3 is the grouting pump, and 1.4 is the water inlet branch pipe; 2.1 is the drain hole, 2.2 is the drain branch pipe, 2.3 is the water temperature sensor, 2.4 is the drain main pipe, 3.1 is the primary cooling pool; 3.2 is the secondary cooling pool; 3.3 is the tertiary cooling pool. Detailed implementation manner

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed implementation manner.

[0037] A temperature control method for grouting of high-water-temperature tunnels in the present invention. The tunnel is located in a high-temperature water-rich area a, and tunnels with a rock temperature higher than 28 °C are applicable, but it is mainly applicable to high rock temperatures, such as higher than 36 °C; the grouting temperature control method is as follows:

[0038] First, advance exploration water holes are constructed on the tunnel heading face towards the tunnel excavation direction to detect the tunnel water outlet area b, as well as measure the water temperature, water volume, and water pressure; detecting the water outlet area is used to determine the depth of the subsequent grouting holes; while the water temperature, water volume, and water pressure are used to determine the number of subsequent water injection holes 1.1 and the pressure of injecting cold water.

[0039] The number of advance exploration holes should be no less than five. Four are arranged at intervals around the tunnel heading face in a circle, and one is arranged in the center to ensure coverage of the entire area of the heading face without omission. The exploration water holes close to the excavation contour line should be provided with an external insertion angle. If the water outlet area is close to the edge outside the excavation contour, then according to needs, advance exploration holes can be made on the side wall of the surrounding rock of the heading face.

[0040] And after the detection is completed, the constructed advance exploration water holes are used as water inlet holes 1.1 or drain holes 2.1, and also serve as inspection holes for the previous grouting.

[0041] A safety rock disk is constructed on the tunnel heading face as a grout stop wall, and the thickness of the safety rock disk is about 5 meters.

[0042] Then the following operations are carried out, as Figure 1 shown:

[0043] Step 1: In the tunnel water outlet area b, one or more water inlet holes 1.1 and one or more drain holes 2.1 are longitudinally opened from the heading face, and the hole depth reaches the water outlet, until hot water comes out. The pore diameters of the water inlet holes 1.1 and the drain holes 2.1 are determined according to the surrounding rock characteristics and the water outlet requirements. For example, the pore diameter at the hole mouth section is about 140 mm, and the internal one is about 100 mm. After the hole mouth pipe is buried in the bedrock, the gap between the hole wall and the pipe wall is anchored to ensure that the hole mouth pipe is firmly installed without leakage.

[0044] The number of water inlet holes 1.1 and drain holes 2.1 is determined according to the water temperature, water volume, and engineering construction requirements. For example, if the detected water volume is too large and there are specific requirements for the cooling time, more can be set, and it is not a fixed value.

[0045] Step 2: Connect each of the water inlet holes 1.1 to the external high-pressure cold water pipeline; connect each of the water discharge holes 2.1 to the external pipeline.

[0046] Step 3: Close the outlets of each of the water discharge holes 2.1, and inject high-pressure cold water into the tunnel water outlet area through each of the water inlet holes 1.1 to increase the water pressure in the tunnel water outlet area within the tunnel excavation area, so as to resist and prevent the water in the surrounding rock outside the tunnel excavation area from seeping into the excavation area.

[0047] Step 4: Gradually open the outlets of each of the water discharge holes 2.1 for drainage, preventing excessive instantaneous discharge of high-temperature water and too rapid pressure drop, which may cause the water in the surrounding rock outside the excavation area to flow into the tunnel water outlet area b. At the same time, continuously introduce high-pressure cold water into the tunnel water outlet area through each of the water inlet holes 1.1 until the water flowing out of the water discharge holes 2.1 reaches the constructible temperature of the tunnel.

[0048] It further includes Step 5 as follows:

[0049] Step 5: Drill grouting holes from the tunnel face, and open the water inlet holes 1.1 again to inject high-pressure cold water into the tunnel water outlet area. Gradually open the outlets of each of the water discharge holes 2.1 for drainage until the water flowing out of the water discharge holes 2.1 reaches the grouting temperature, and then close the water inlet holes 1.1 and the water discharge holes 2.1.

[0050] Carry out advanced curtain top pressure grouting. Among them, the water inlet holes 1.1 are also used as grouting holes. After grouting, once the grout solidifies, the high-temperature water can be blocked. Set the side close to the edge as the outside and the side close to the center as the inside. The grouting holes are constructed by skipping holes from the outside to the inside, and grouting is carried out in longitudinal segments.

[0051] After grouting, a blocking area is formed. Once the grout solidifies, the high-temperature water can be blocked. Then carry out tunnel excavation construction. Before excavation, conduct advanced drilling and water exploration from the tunnel face towards the excavation direction to judge the effect of grouting and blocking. If there is water overflow, grout again; until there is no water overflow, then carry out excavation construction.

[0052] In Step 2, the external pipelines of the water inlet holes 1.1 and the water discharge holes 2.1 are both connected to the high-pressure cold water circulation cooling system, and a circulating water channel is formed among the water inlet holes 1.1, the water discharge holes 2.1 and the cooling system.

[0053] In Step 3, the pressure of the high-pressure cold water introduced into the tunnel water outlet area through the water inlet holes 1.1 is 3 - 5 times the original water pressure in the tunnel water outlet area.

[0054] The high-pressure cold water circulation cooling system consists of a first-stage cooling pool 3.1, a second-stage cooling pool 3.2 and a third-stage cooling pool 3.3 connected in series.

[0055] The external high-pressure cold water pipeline includes:

[0056] The water inlet branch pipes 1.4 are the same in number as the water inlet holes 1.1, and one water inlet branch pipe 1.4 is connected to one water inlet hole 1.1; pressure gauges 1.2 are installed at the outlets of the water inlet branch pipes 1.4; grouting pumps 1.3 are also installed on each water inlet branch pipe 1.4; the water inlet main pipe 1.5 has its inlet connected to the three-stage cooling pool 3.3 and its outlet connected to a plurality of water inlet branch pipes 1.4.

[0057] The external pipeline includes:

[0058] The water discharge branch pipes 2.2 are the same in number as the water discharge holes 2.1, and one water discharge branch pipe 2.2 is connected to one water discharge hole 2.1; the water discharge main pipe 2.4 has its inlet connected to a plurality of water discharge branch pipes 2.2 and its outlet connected to the first-stage cooling pool 3.1; a water temperature detection sensor 2.3 is provided on the water discharge main pipe 2.4 and located on the connection section with the first-stage cooling pool 3.1.

[0059] Specifically, a temperature control method for grouting in a high-water-temperature tunnel is as follows: When injecting water into the water inlet holes 1.1, the water discharge hole stop valves are all in the closed state, and the injection pressure is 3 - 5 times the detected high-temperature water pressure to prevent the high-temperature water outside the excavation area from continuing to seep towards the tunnel excavation area; when the pressure gauge 1.2 of the water injection pipe of the water inlet hole reaches 3 - 5 times the detected water pressure, open the stop valve of the water discharge hole 2.1 and simultaneously replenish the pressure of the water inlet hole 1.1; after all the stop valves are opened for a certain period of time for cold water circulation cooling, continuously inject high-pressure cold water for continuous cooling to achieve the cooling of the hot water in the water outlet area. Monitor the water temperature in real time, monitor the water temperature through the water temperature sensor 2.3 installed on the water discharge main pipe 2.4, and when the temperature difference between the flowing water temperature and the water temperature of the three-stage cooling pool 3.3 is less than 2 degrees, the cooling ends and advanced curtain grouting is carried out for plugging.

[0060] The water temperature difference of 2 degrees is set because under such a temperature difference, the cooling water entering the water outlet area in the surrounding rock cannot play the role of reducing the water temperature of the surrounding rock after flowing out.

[0061] The present invention also discloses a temperature control system for grouting in a high-water-temperature tunnel, as Figure 2 shown, including:

[0062] The water inlet branch pipes 1.4 are used to be connected to the water inlet holes 1.1 drilled from the tunnel face in the tunnel water outlet area, and their number is the same as that of the water inlet holes 1.1, and one water inlet branch pipe 1.4 is connected to one water inlet hole 1.1; pressure gauges 1.2 are installed at the outlets of the water inlet branch pipes 1.4; grouting pumps 1.3 are also installed on each water inlet branch pipe 1.4; the water inlet main pipe 1.5 has its inlet connected to the three-stage cooling pool 3.3 and its outlet connected to a plurality of water inlet branch pipes 1.4.

[0063] The water inlet branch pipe 1.4 and the water inlet main pipe 1.5 are used to introduce the cold water in the three-stage cooling pool 3.3 into the water inlet hole 1.1.

[0064] The drain branch pipe 2.2 is used to be connected with the drain hole 2.1 drilled from the tunnel face in the tunnel water outlet area. The number of the drain branch pipes 2.2 is the same as that of the drain holes 2.1, and one drain branch pipe 2.2 is connected to one drain hole 2.1; the drain main pipe 2.4, its inlet is connected with a plurality of drain branch pipes 2.2, and its outlet is connected with the first-stage cooling pool 3.1; on the drain main pipe 2.4 and located on the connection section with the first-stage cooling pool 3.1, a water temperature detection sensor 2.3 is arranged;

[0065] The drain branch pipe 2.2 and the drain main pipe 2.4 are used to discharge the hot water in the tunnel water outlet area.

[0066] The three-stage cooling pool 3.3 and the first-stage cooling pool 3.1 are connected in series, and a second-stage cooling pool 3.2 is also connected between the three-stage cooling pool 3.3 and the first-stage cooling pool 3.1. Each cooling pool is used to cool the water discharged from the drain main pipe 2.4. Arranging multiple cooling pools ensures that the water temperature can be quickly cooled to the natural temperature.

Claims

1. A temperature control method for tunnel grouting at high water temperature, characterized in that, The grouting temperature control method is as follows: Step 1: In the tunnel water outlet area (b), one or more water inlet holes (1.1) and one or more water drainage holes (2.1) are longitudinally opened from the tunnel face, and the hole depth reaches the water outlet; Step 2: Each of the water inlet holes (1.1) is connected to an external high-pressure cold water pipeline; each of the water drainage holes (2.1) is connected to an external pipeline; Step 3: The outlets of each of the water drainage holes (2.1) are closed, and high-pressure cold water is injected into the tunnel water outlet area through each of the water inlet holes (1.1) to increase the water pressure in the tunnel water outlet area within the tunnel excavation area, so as to resist and prevent the water in the surrounding rock outside the tunnel excavation area from seeping into the excavation area; Step 4: The outlets of each of the water drainage holes (2.1) are opened for drainage in batches, and high-pressure cold water is continuously introduced into the tunnel water outlet area through each of the water inlet holes (1.1) until the water flowing out of the water drainage holes (2.1) reaches the constructible temperature of the tunnel, and then the water inlet holes (1.1) and the water drainage holes (2.1) are closed; It also includes Step 5, as follows: Step 5: Grouting holes are drilled from the tunnel face, and the water inlet holes (1.1) are opened again to inject high-pressure cold water into the tunnel water outlet area. The outlets of each of the water drainage holes (2.1) are opened for drainage in batches until the water flowing out of the water drainage holes (2.1) reaches the groutable temperature, and then the water inlet holes (1.1) and the water drainage holes (2.1) are closed; Advance curtain top pressure grouting is carried out, and after grouting, a sealing area is formed; Before Step 1, advance water exploration holes are constructed in the tunnel face in the direction of tunnel excavation to detect the tunnel water outlet area, as well as measure the water temperature, water volume and water pressure; And after the detection, the constructed advance water exploration holes are used as water inlet holes (1.1) or water drainage holes (2.1); In Step 2, the external pipelines of the water inlet holes (1.1) and the water drainage holes (2.1) are both connected to a high-pressure cold water circulation cooling system, and a circulating water channel is formed among the water inlet holes (1.1), the water drainage holes (2.1) and the cooling system; In Step 3, the pressure of the high-pressure cold water introduced into the tunnel water outlet area through the water inlet holes (1.1) is 3-5 times the original water pressure of the tunnel water outlet area.

2. The high water temperature tunnel grouting temperature control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure cold water circulation cooling system is composed of a first-stage cooling pool (3.1), a second-stage cooling pool (3.2) and a third-stage cooling pool (3.3) connected in series.

3. A high water temperature tunnel grouting temperature control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The external high-pressure cold water pipeline includes: Water inlet branch pipes (1.4), the number of which is the same as that of the water inlet holes (1.1), and one water inlet branch pipe (1.4) is connected to one water inlet hole (1.1); a pressure gauge (1.2) is installed at the outlet of each of the water inlet branch pipes (1.4); a grouting pump (1.3) is also installed on each of the water inlet branch pipes (1.4); A water inlet main pipe (1.5), its inlet is connected to the third-stage cooling pool (3.3), and its outlet is connected to a plurality of water inlet branch pipes (1.4); The external pipeline includes: Water drainage branch pipes (2.2), the number of which is the same as that of the water drainage holes (2.1), and one water drainage branch pipe (2.2) is connected to one water drainage hole (2.1); A drain main pipe (2.4) whose inlet is connected to a plurality of drain branch pipes (2.2) and whose outlet is connected to a primary cooling pool (3.1); a water temperature detection sensor (2.3) is provided on the drain main pipe (2.4) and located on the connection section with the primary cooling pool (3.1).

4. A high water temperature tunnel grouting temperature control system, which is used in the high water temperature tunnel grouting temperature control method described in any one of claims 1-3, is characterized in that, Including: Inlet branch pipes (1.4) for connecting to inlet holes (1.1) drilled from the tunnel face in the tunnel water outlet area, the number of which is the same as the number of the inlet holes (1.1), and one inlet branch pipe (1.4) is connected to one inlet hole (1.1); pressure gauges (1.2) are installed at the outlets of each of the inlet branch pipes (1.4); grouting pumps (1.3) are also installed on each of the inlet branch pipes (1.4); An inlet main pipe (1.5) whose inlet is connected to a tertiary cooling pool (3.3) and whose outlet is connected to a plurality of inlet branch pipes (1.4); The inlet branch pipes (1.4) and the inlet main pipe (1.5) are used to introduce the cold water in the tertiary cooling pool (3.3) into the inlet holes (1.1); Drain branch pipes (2.2) for connecting to drain holes (2.1) drilled from the tunnel face in the tunnel water outlet area, the number of which is the same as the number of the drain holes (2.1), and one drain branch pipe (2.2) is connected to one drain hole (2.1); A drain main pipe (2.4) whose inlet is connected to a plurality of drain branch pipes (2.2) and whose outlet is connected to a primary cooling pool (3.1); a water temperature detection sensor (2.3) is provided on the drain main pipe (2.4) and located on the connection section with the primary cooling pool (3.1); The drain branch pipes (2.2) and the drain main pipe (2.4) are used to export the hot water in the tunnel water outlet area; The tertiary cooling pool (3.3) and the primary cooling pool (3.1) are connected in series, and a secondary cooling pool (3.2) is also connected between the tertiary cooling pool (3.3) and the primary cooling pool (3.1), and each of the cooling pools is used to cool the water exported by the drain main pipe (2.4).

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