Flow battery systems and uses thereof

Abstract

The application provides a flow battery system and use thereof. The flow battery system comprises: one or more stacks, the stack comprising a positive electrode chamber, a separator and a negative electrode chamber; a positive electrolyte storage device; a negative electrolyte storage device; a positive circulation pipeline connecting the positive electrode chamber of the stack and the positive electrolyte storage device; a negative circulation pipeline connecting the negative electrode chamber of the stack and the negative electrolyte storage device; wherein the total volume of the positive electrode chamber of the one or more stacks is V1, the total volume of the negative electrode chamber is V2; the volume of the positive electrolyte storage device is V a , the volume of the negative electrolyte storage device is V b , the volume of the positive circulation pipeline is V La , and the volume of the negative circulation pipeline is V Lb , and the following relationships exist: V a ≥ 0, V b ≥ 0; V a + V La ≦ 5V1; V b + V Lb ≦ 5V2. The flow battery system of the application greatly optimizes the volume of the positive electrolyte storage device and the negative electrolyte storage device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a flow battery system and its use, belonging to the field of batteries. BACKGROUND

[0002] In order to achieve sustainable development and improve the energy environment, humans have begun to use new energy sources such as wind and solar energy on a large scale. However, due to the instability of new energy power generation, there is a large impact on the power grid when connected to the grid. Therefore, a large-scale energy storage system that can be used to smooth power fluctuations and maintain power balance is urgently needed.

[0003] It is known that flow battery technology has natural advantages for large-scale energy storage: the size of the stored energy is directly proportional to the volume of the electrolyte, and the charging and discharging power is determined by the size and number of the stacks, so it can be designed to have different charging and discharging power from kW to MW level, and different energy storage capacity from 1 hour to several days. Based on commonly used inorganic acid and inorganic salt, the chemical composition of the electrolyte is stable, easy to store, has little impact on the environment, and has a very low self-discharge coefficient, which is suitable for long-term energy storage. The battery reaction temperature is normal temperature and pressure, and the electrolyte flow process is a natural water-based circulating cooling system, with extremely high safety performance and much lower accident impact than other large-scale energy storage solutions. Due to its stable and reliable charging and discharging cycle, there is no upper limit to the theoretical number of charging and discharging times.

[0004] In a typical flow battery, there are positive and negative electrodes, a separator, and a storage device for positive and negative electrolytes. Moreover, the storage capacity of the electrolyte directly determines the energy storage capacity of the flow battery system as an energy storage device. In the known application and market practice of various flow batteries, it is generally concerned that more electrolyte is stored in the flow battery device to improve the reserve capacity, because it is obviously very advantageous for commercial applications and energy scheduling.

[0005] In addition, it is known that in some special power application fields, for example: large ships have very high power requirements for starting instantaneously, and it is hoped that the ship's ballast can be used to partially solve the power supply during starting. For the closed space at the bottom of the ship, it is hoped that the volume of the battery can be as compact as possible, and the power-capacity can be allocated as needed to minimize waste; and it requires extremely high safety and cannot have any risk of combustion and explosion. Usually in such cases, temporary petrochemical energy generation is used to provide the power required for instantaneous starting. SUMMARY

[0006] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0007] During the applicant's long-term research on energy storage devices, the following problem was encountered. As mentioned above, in some power application fields, such as the startup of large mechanical devices (like the large ocean-going freighters mentioned above) and the startup of large power systems (like the startup of substations), fuel oil power generation systems are usually used to provide instantaneous, high-power electricity.

[0008] However, as people's environmental awareness gradually increases, new demands have emerged for replacing fuel-powered electric systems in these situations.

[0009] Clearly, this is a completely new technological challenge. To address this need, alternative power devices should, in principle, meet the following requirements: capable of providing sufficiently high output power in a short time, having a small footprint, possessing repetitive working efficiency without significant degradation, and offering excellent safety and ease of use.

[0010] In fact, designing alternative energy storage devices that meet all the above requirements is extremely difficult. For example, further research has proposed using lithium-ion rechargeable batteries as an alternative. Although lithium-ion rechargeable batteries have advantages such as relatively controllable size and the ability to provide high output power, their shortcomings are also obvious. For instance, under relatively harsh operating conditions that provide high output power, the output characteristics of the battery or battery pack will degrade more significantly. In addition, under current technological conditions, the operational safety of lithium rechargeable batteries is still not entirely reliable, especially considering that any safety issues that occur in the aforementioned large mechanical devices would be unacceptable both economically and in terms of personal safety. Therefore, research in this area has encountered significant obstacles.

[0011] On the other hand, in the field of flow batteries, which the applicant has long studied, as mentioned earlier, pursuing high capacity is a natural progression. However, this typically requires large-scale electrolyte storage devices, resulting in a large footprint for the entire energy storage system. For example, a typical flow battery energy storage application involves a stack (ranging from a few to a dozen) paired with a pair of large electrolyte storage tanks (ranging from tens to hundreds of cubic meters). Furthermore, flow batteries allow for independent design of power and capacity modules, maximizing the fulfillment of design requirements. The most common application of flow batteries is in long-term energy storage, such as when the capacity-to-power ratio is greater than or equal to 4:1, i.e., a capacity of 1MWh-4MWh. This design and application are common in the current energy storage market, but large capacities require large storage tanks. Therefore, this situation appears to contradict the requirement for relatively small size in the aforementioned power application fields.

[0012] Furthermore, the applicant also discovered that for flow batteries, it is easy to provide a high-power starting current, which is not directly related to the size of the reservoir. Even if the reservoir is small, it is sufficient to provide a high-power starting current for a short period of time.

[0013] Furthermore, it was observed that for flow batteries, in a conventional design, assuming sufficient capacity to meet energy storage requirements, each positive and negative electrode needs a storage tank of approximately 80 cubic meters, totaling 160 cubic meters. However, once the system is operational, the electrolyte is circulated into the stack by pumps (3, 4). Assuming the stack can hold 100 cubic meters of electrolyte, 40 cubic meters will remain in the storage tanks, averaging 20 cubic meters per tank. This design, with each 80-cubic-meter tank holding 20 cubic meters of electrolyte, is feasible in terms of maximizing power and capacity ratio. However, the applicant has developed a novel approach based on this situation. Specifically, the applicant proposes:

[0014] Under normal operating conditions, the battery stack is filled with electrolyte. As long as there is electrolyte inside the battery stack and this electrolyte can provide the required high power in the very short time required for startup, it is possible to use the flow battery system in scenarios requiring high-power startup.

[0015] For example, if a ship needs a battery system to provide 100MW of power for 2 minutes, calculations show that the system only needs a 3500kWh battery capacity, which translates to approximately 140 cubic meters of electrolyte, meaning each electrode requires 70 cubic meters of electrolyte. If the system uses individual 40kW battery stacks, then 2500 stacks are needed to meet the 100MW power requirement. Each stack can hold approximately 40L of electrolyte, so the total electrolyte volume within all stacks is 100 cubic meters, with each electrode holding 50 cubic meters. Therefore, when the battery is operating normally, the total electrolyte volume within the stack is 100 cubic meters, and the total system electrolyte volume is 140 cubic meters. This leaves 40 cubic meters remaining in the system's storage tanks, specifically 20 cubic meters each in the positive and negative electrode tanks. Therefore, only a very small storage tank is needed to meet the 2-minute working requirement. In addition, consider that if the electrolyte inside the fuel cell stack (including the pipeline) is sufficient to meet the needs during startup, then the use of a storage tank may not be necessary at all.

[0016] Therefore, the above concept makes it possible to use flow battery devices, which were originally considered unsuitable for instantaneous high-power startup due to their large footprint, in the aforementioned scenarios.

[0017] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention first provides a flow battery system that greatly optimizes the volume of the positive electrode electrolyte storage device and the negative electrode electrolyte storage device, thereby greatly reducing the overall system volume and improving the system power density.

[0018] Solution for solving the problem

[0019] This invention provides the following technical solution:

[0020] [1] A flow battery system, wherein the flow battery system comprises:

[0021] One or more fuel cell stacks, the fuel cell stack including a positive electrode chamber, a separator, and a negative electrode chamber;

[0022] Positive electrode electrolyte storage device;

[0023] Negative electrode electrolyte storage device;

[0024] A positive electrode circulation pipeline connecting the positive electrode chamber of the fuel cell stack to the positive electrode electrolyte storage device;

[0025] A negative electrode circulation pipeline connecting the negative electrode chamber of the fuel cell stack to the negative electrode electrolyte storage device;

[0026] in,

[0027] The total volume of the positive electrode chamber of the one or more stacks is V1, and the total volume of the negative electrode chamber is V2;

[0028] The volume of the positive electrode electrolyte storage device is V. a The volume of the negative electrode electrolyte storage device is V. b The volume of the positive electrode circulation pipeline is V. La The volume of the negative electrode circulation pipeline is V. Lb Then the following relationship exists:

[0029] V a ≥0, V b ≥0;

[0030] V a +V La ≤5V1;

[0031] V b +V Lb ≦5V2.

[0032] [2]. According to the flow battery system described in [1] above, the following relationship exists:

[0033] 0.5V1≦V a +V La ≤1.5V1;

[0034] 0.5V1≦V b +V Lb ≦1.5V2.

[0035] [3]. According to the flow battery system described in [1] or [2] above, the following relationship exists:

[0036] The ratio of V1 to V2 is 0.9 to 1.1:1.

[0037] [4]. The flow battery system according to any one of [1] to [3] above, wherein the ratio of capacity to power (KW / KWh) of the flow battery system is less than or equal to 1:1.

[0038] [5]. According to the flow battery system described in [4] above, the ratio of the capacity to the power of the flow battery system is 0.1 to 0.5:1.

[0039] [6]. According to any one of [1] to [5] above, in the flow battery system, the volume V of the positive electrode electrolyte storage device is... a And / or the volume V of the negative electrode electrolyte storage device b It is 0.

[0040] [7]. The flow battery system according to any one of [1] to [6] above, wherein a circulation control valve is provided on the negative electrode circulation pipeline and / or the positive electrode circulation pipeline.

[0041] [8]. The flow battery system according to any one of [1] to [7] above, wherein the power of the battery system is 1KW-500MW and the capacity is 1KW-500MW.

[0042] [9]. Use of a flow battery system according to any one of [1] to [8] above for an instant start device.

[0043]

[10] According to the use described above [9], the instantaneous starting device includes a starting device for ships, airplanes, trains, and substations.

[0044]

[11] . A ship, comprising a flow battery system according to any one of [1] to [8] above.

[0045] The effects of the invention

[0046] The flow battery system of the present invention has greatly optimized the volume of the positive electrode electrolyte storage device and the negative electrode electrolyte storage device, significantly reducing the overall system volume and increasing the system power density. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the flow battery system of the present invention is shown; wherein,

[0048] A: Positive electrode electrolyte storage device; B: Negative electrode electrolyte storage device;

[0049] L a Positive electrode circulation pipeline; L b Negative circulation pipeline;

[0050] 1: Positive electrode chamber; 2: Negative electrode chamber; 3 & 4: Circulation pumps; 5: Positive electrode reaction zone;

[0051] 6: Negative electrode reaction zone; 7: Positive electrode current collector; 8: Negative electrode current collector; 9: Separator.

[0052] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the on / off state of the circulation valves used in the flow battery system of the present invention during the filling of the positive and negative electrolytes.

[0053] Figure 3 The diagram shows the opening and closing status of the circulation valves used in the flow battery system of the present invention before and after operation, after the positive and negative electrolytes have been filled.

[0054] Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the on / off state of the circulation valve used during the operation of the flow battery system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The present invention will now be described in detail. The descriptions of the technical features described below are based on representative embodiments and specific examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and specific examples. It should be noted that:

[0056] In this specification, the range of values ​​referred to as "value A to value B" refers to the range including the endpoint values ​​A and B.

[0057] Unless otherwise stated, in this instruction manual, "more" in "multiple", "multi-variety", "multiple", etc., means a value of 2 or more.

[0058] In this specification, the terms “substantially,” “largely,” or “truly” mean that the error is less than 5%, or less than 3%, or less than 1% compared to the relevant perfect or theoretical standard.

[0059] Unless otherwise specified, "%" in this instruction manual refers to the percentage content by mass.

[0060] In this specification, the word "may" has two meanings: to perform a certain process and not to perform a certain process.

[0061] In this specification, "optional" or "optionally" means that the event or situation described below may or may not occur, and the description includes both the scenario in which the event occurs and the scenario in which the event does not occur.

[0062] In this specification, references to "some specific / preferred embodiments," "other specific / preferred embodiments," "implementation," etc., refer to specific elements (e.g., features, structures, properties, and / or characteristics) related to that embodiment, which are included in at least one of the embodiments described herein and may or may not be present in other embodiments. Furthermore, it should be understood that these elements may be combined in any suitable manner in various embodiments.

[0063] This invention provides a flow battery system, the flow battery system comprising:

[0064] One or more fuel cell stacks, the fuel cell stacks including a positive electrode chamber 1, a separator 9 and a negative electrode chamber 2;

[0065] Positive electrode electrolyte storage device A;

[0066] Negative electrode electrolyte storage device B;

[0067] The positive electrode circulation pipeline L connects the positive electrode chamber 1 to the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A. a ;

[0068] The negative electrode circulation pipeline L connects the negative electrode chamber 2 to the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B. b ;

[0069] in,

[0070] The total volume of the positive electrode chamber 1 of the one or more stacks is V1, and the total volume of the negative electrode chamber 2 is V2;

[0071] The volume of the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A is V. a The volume of the negative electrode electrolyte storage device is V. b The positive electrode circulation pipeline L a The volume is V La The negative electrode circulation pipeline L b The volume is V Lb Then the following relationship exists:

[0072] V a ≥0, V b ≥0;

[0073] V a +V La ≤5V1;

[0074] V b +VLb ≤5V2.

[0075] This invention employs a unique pipeline design that ensures smooth filling while minimizing the volume of the system's own storage tank.

[0076] The flow battery system of the present invention includes one or more battery stacks, the battery stacks including a positive electrode chamber 1, a separator 9, and a negative electrode chamber 2; wherein,

[0077] The positive electrode chamber 1 includes a positive electrode current collector 7 and a positive electrode reaction zone 5; the negative electrode chamber 2 includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode reaction zone; the positive electrode reaction zone 5 and the negative electrode reaction zone 6 are separated by using a separator 9.

[0078] The positive electrode current collector 7 and the negative electrode current collector 8 of the present invention can be used as carriers for electron conduction and collection without participating in the electrochemical reaction. The present invention does not particularly limit the materials of the positive electrode current collector 7 and the negative electrode current collector 8; they can be some materials commonly used in the art, such as carbon materials, metallic materials, etc.

[0079] The separator 9 is used to separate the positive electrode reaction zone 5 and the negative electrode reaction zone 6. On the one hand, the separator 9 must prevent the products generated by one electrode reaction from passing through, so as to avoid them participating in the reaction of the other electrode reaction zone with opposite polarity. On the other hand, it must also allow ions with balanced charges to pass through. The present invention does not particularly limit the material of the separator 9, and it can be some materials commonly used in the art, such as one or more of selective permeation membranes, ordinary porous membranes, cation exchange membranes, or anion exchange membranes.

[0080] The positive electrode chamber 1 and the negative electrode chamber 2 of the present invention can be connected in parallel or in series, and then encapsulated by a packaging shell.

[0081] In this invention, positive electrode electrolyte storage device A is used to store the positive electrode electrolyte, and negative electrode electrolyte storage device B is used to store the negative electrode electrolyte. The positive electrode circulation pipeline L... a Connecting the positive electrode chamber 1 to the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A, and utilizing the negative electrode circulation pipeline L b Connect the negative electrode chamber 2 to the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B.

[0082] Preferably, the negative electrode circulation pipeline L b and positive electrode circulation pipeline L a Each is equipped with a power pump, which drives the positive electrolyte through the positive electrode circulation pipeline L. a The electrolyte circulates between the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A and the positive electrode reaction zone 5, while the negative electrode electrolyte flows through the positive electrode circulation pipeline L under the drive of the power pump. a It circulates between the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A and the negative electrode reaction zone 6.

[0083] Specifically, in this invention, the positive electrode electrolyte is driven by a power pump through the positive electrode circulation pipeline L a The circulating electrolyte flows into the positive electrode reaction zone 5, while the negative electrode electrolyte is driven by a power pump through the negative electrode circulation pipeline L. b The electrolyte flows into the negative electrode reaction zone 6 and undergoes electrochemical reactions in both the positive electrode reaction zone 5 and the negative electrode reaction zone 6. In this flow battery system, the positive electrode reaction zone 5 and the negative electrode reaction zone 6 are separately configured from the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A and the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B; therefore, the power and energy of the flow battery system are independent.

[0084] Furthermore, in this invention, the total volume of the positive electrode chamber 1 of one or more battery stacks is V1, and the total volume of the negative electrode chamber 2 is V2; the volume of the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A is V. a The volume of the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B is V. b The positive electrode circulation pipeline L a The volume is V La The negative electrode circulation pipeline L b The volume is V Lb Then the following relationship exists:

[0085] V a ≥0, V b ≥0;

[0086] V a +V La ≤5V1;

[0087] V b +V Lb ≤5V2.

[0088] The flow battery system of the present invention has greatly optimized the volume of the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A and the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B, significantly reducing the overall system volume and increasing the system power density.

[0089] In some specific implementations, the total volume V1 of the positive electrode chamber 1, the total volume V2 of the negative electrode chamber 2, and the volume V of the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A of one or more fuel cells are... a The volume V of the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B b The positive electrode circulation pipeline L a The volume is V La and the negative electrode circulation pipeline L b The volume is V Lb The following relationship exists:

[0090] 0.5V1≤V a +V La ≤1.5V1;

[0091] 0.5V1≤V b +V Lb ≤1.5V2.

[0092] When 0.5V1≤V a +V La ≤1.5V1, 0.5V1≤V b +V Lb When the voltage is ≤1.5V2, the positive electrolyte storage device A and the negative electrolyte storage device B are smaller in size, which further improves the power density of the system.

[0093] In some specific implementations, the total volume V1 of the positive electrode chamber 1 and the total volume V2 of the negative electrode chamber 2 of one or more fuel cells are related as follows: the value of V1:V2 is 0.9 to 1.1:1.

[0094] Furthermore, in some specific embodiments, the capacity-to-power ratio (kWh / kW) of the flow battery system is less than or equal to 1:1. When the capacity-to-power ratio of the flow battery system is less than or equal to 1:1, the flow battery system of the present invention is suitable for devices requiring instantaneous high-power start-up.

[0095] Preferably, the capacity-to-power ratio (kWh / kW) of the flow battery system is 0.1 to 0.5:1. By setting the capacity-to-power ratio (kWh / kW) of the flow battery system to 0.1 to 0.5:1, the power of the flow battery system is increased while further reducing its capacity.

[0096] Furthermore, in some specific implementations, the volume V of the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A is... a And / or the volume V of the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B b The value is 0. That is, the present invention can achieve power supply without setting up the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A and / or the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B.

[0097] Furthermore, in this invention, the negative electrode circulation pipeline L b And / or the positive electrode circulation pipeline L a A circulation control valve can be installed on top. By installing the circulation control valve, the circulation of the positive and negative electrolytes can be controlled.

[0098] In some specific implementation schemes, the negative electrode circulation pipeline L b And / or the positive electrode circulation pipeline L a A three-way interface with a built-in electric valve and a separate circulation control valve are added to the upper part. Additionally, a negative circulation line L... band the positive electrode circulation pipeline L a The inlet pipeline is connected to an external positive electrolyte storage device and an external negative electrolyte storage device. This reduces the volume of the positive electrolyte storage device A and the negative electrolyte storage device B of the present invention.

[0099] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, for the positive electrode, during the initial electrolyte filling stage, the external positive electrode electrolyte storage device connected to the positive electrode circulation pipeline L is opened. a The circulation valve of the inlet pipeline, and the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A connected to the positive electrode circulation pipeline L. a The circulation valve of the outlet pipeline. Close the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A and the positive electrode circulation pipeline L. a The control valve on the liquid inlet pipeline is used to inject the positive electrolyte into the fuel cell stack and the positive electrolyte storage device A.

[0100] When the liquid level in the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A reaches a certain position, such as Figure 3 As shown, the external positive electrode electrolyte storage device connected to the positive electrode circulation pipeline L is shut off. a The circulation valve of the inlet pipeline is closed, and the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A is connected to the positive electrode circulation pipeline L. a The circulation valve in the outlet pipeline ensures that, before the system starts operating, the positive electrolyte remains inside the fuel cell stack instead of flowing back to the positive electrolyte storage device A. At this point, the system has completed the initial filling of the positive electrolyte, and the external positive electrolyte storage device can be shut off and removed.

[0101] For the negative electrode, the process is similar to that for the positive electrode, such as... Figure 2 As shown, during the initial electrolyte filling stage, the control valve on the inlet pipe of the negative electrode circulation pipeline, which is connected to the external negative electrode electrolyte storage device, is opened, as is the control valve on the inlet pipe of the negative electrode circulation pipeline, which is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B and located in the negative electrode circulation pipeline L. b The control valve on the outlet pipeline. Close the control valve on the negative circulation pipeline L. b The valve between the liquid inlet pipeline and the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B is used to inject the negative electrode electrolyte into the fuel cell stack and the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B.

[0102] When the liquid level in the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B reaches a certain position, such as Figure 3 As shown, the external negative electrode electrolyte storage device connected to the negative electrode circulation pipeline L is shut off. b The circulation valve of the inlet pipeline is closed, and the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B is connected to the negative electrode circulation pipeline L. bThe circulation valve in the outlet pipeline ensures that, before the system starts operating, the negative electrolyte remains inside the fuel cell stack instead of flowing back to the negative electrolyte storage device B. At this point, the system has completed the initial filling of the positive electrolyte, and the external negative electrolyte storage device can be shut off and removed.

[0103] For the filling method, an external circulation pump (3, 4) can be used to provide power for filling.

[0104] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, when the flow battery system starts running, the internal circulation pumps (3, 4) of the flow battery system are turned on, and at the same time, the connection between the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A and the positive electrode circulation pipeline L is opened. a The circulation valve of the inlet pipeline is connected to the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B, which is located in the negative electrode circulation pipeline L. b The circulation valve in the inlet pipeline initiates the circulation of both the positive and negative electrolytes within the system, preparing for initial charging. Subsequently, regardless of the state, the circulation valve connected to the external positive electrolyte storage device and located on the positive electrode circulation pipeline, and the circulation valve connected to the external negative electrolyte storage device and located on the negative electrode circulation pipeline L... b The circulation valves on the inlet pipe are all in the closed state.

[0105] When the system stops working, such as Figure 3 As shown, the external positive electrode electrolyte storage device connected to the positive electrode circulation pipeline L is shut off. a The circulation valve of the inlet pipeline is closed, and the positive electrode electrolyte storage device A is connected to the positive electrode circulation pipeline L. a The circulation valve of the outlet pipeline ensures that, when the system is not yet running, the positive electrolyte remains inside the fuel cell stack instead of flowing back to the positive electrolyte storage device A. The connection to the external negative electrolyte storage device and the valve located in the negative electrolyte circulation pipeline L are closed. b The circulation valve of the inlet pipeline is closed, and the negative electrode electrolyte storage device B is connected to the negative electrode circulation pipeline L. b The circulation valve in the outlet pipeline ensures that the negative electrolyte remains inside the fuel cell stack before the system starts operating, instead of flowing back to the negative electrolyte storage device B.

[0106] In addition, in this invention, the power of the flow battery system is 1KW-500MW and the capacity is 1KWh-500MWh.

[0107] The present invention also provides an application of the flow battery system according to the present invention for an instantaneous starting device. Further, the instantaneous starting device includes a starting device used in ships, aircraft, trains, and substations.

[0108] In addition, the present invention also provides a ship that includes the flow battery system according to the present invention.

[0109] In some specific implementation schemes, the engine power of a large ship is 20MW; if 10% of the power needs to be replaced by a flow battery system in the first 10 minutes of startup, then the flow battery system needs a power of 2MW and a capacity of 0.34MWh. That is, the capacity-to-power ratio (kW / kW) of the flow battery system is 2 / 0.34. This flow battery system is equivalent to 67 small 30kW fuel cell stacks and 8.5 cubic meters of electrolyte. The 67 fuel cell stacks contain (positive electrode chamber 1, positive electrode circulation pipeline L) a Negative electrode chamber 2, negative electrode circulation pipeline L b It can hold 2.7 cubic meters of electrolyte, with the remaining 5.8 cubic meters stored in positive electrolyte storage device A and negative electrolyte storage device B, each with a volume of 3 cubic meters. As a safe and long-life battery, it achieves optimal space utilization. Furthermore, long-term charging and discharging does not cause any loss of the effective substances in the electrolyte.

[0110] It should be noted that although the technical solution of the present invention has been described with specific examples, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention should not be limited thereto.

[0111] Various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical applications, or technological improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. Use of a flow battery system for transient start-up of a device, characterized in that, The flow battery system comprises: one or more stacks, the stack comprising a positive electrode chamber, a separator and a negative electrode chamber; a positive electrolyte storage device; a negative electrolyte storage device; a positive circulation pipeline connecting the positive electrode chamber of the stack and the positive electrolyte storage device; a negative circulation pipeline connecting the negative electrode chamber of the stack and the negative electrolyte storage device; wherein, the total volume of the positive electrode chamber of the one or more stacks is V1, and the total volume of the negative electrode chamber is V2; The volume of the positive electrolyte storage device is V a The volume of the negative electrolyte storage device is V b The volume of the positive circulation pipeline is V La The volume of the negative circulation pipeline is V Lb The following relationship exists: V a ≥0, V b ≥0; 0.5 < V1≤ V a + V La ≤ 1.5 V1; 0.5V1≤V b +V Lb ≤1.5V2; and the value of V1:V2 is 0.9-1.1:1; the capacity to power ratio KW / KWh of the flow battery system is less than or equal to 1:

1.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capacity to power ratio KW / KWh of the flow battery system is 0.1-0.5:

1.

3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The volume V of the positive electrolyte reservoir a and / or the volume V of the negative electrolyte reservoir b is 0.

4. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A circulation control valve is arranged on the negative circulation pipeline and / or the positive circulation pipeline.

5. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The power of the battery system is 1KW-500MW, and the capacity is 1KW-500MW.

6. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The instantaneous starting device comprises one of the starting devices in a ship, an airplane, a train and a power substation.

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